2013. brief introduction to the 7th conference on chipped and ground stone industries of the fertile...

Stone Tools in Transition:From Hunter-Gatherers

to Farming Societies in the Near East

7th Conference on PPN Chippedand Ground Stone Industries

of the Fertile Crescent

Ferran Borrell; Juan José Ibáñez; Miquel Molist (editors)

Dades catalogràfiques recomanades pel Servei de Biblioteques de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Stone Tools in Transition: From Hunter-Gatherers to Farming Societies in the Near East / Ferran Borrell, Juan José Ibáñez, Miquel Molist (eds.) — Bellaterra (Barcelona) : Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Servei de Publicacions, 2013.

ISBN 9788449038181

I. Borrell, Ferran ed.II. Ibáñez, Juan José ed.III. Molist, Miquel ed.

© dels textos, els autors.

Organitzat per:Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaInstitució Milà i Fontanals (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas)

Amb el suport de:Departament de Cultura, Generalitat de CatalunyaMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad

Composició:joanbuxó

Edició:Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaServei de PublicacionsEdifici A. 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès). SpainTel. 93 581 10 22Fax 93 581 32 [email protected]://publicacions.uab.cat

Impressió:JOU

Fotografia de la coberta:© Central photograph: SAPPO Research Group. Others (clockwise from top left): EFAP Archive, TISARP team-University of Tübingen, Jesús González Urquijo, Netta Mitki, Ferran Borrell, Semra Balcı, Stuart Campbell, Trustees of the British Museum and Hamoudi Khalaily.

ISBN 978-84-490-3818-1Dipòsit legal: B. 15.831-2013

Imprès a Espanya. Printed in Spain

F. Borrell, J.J. Ibáñez, M. Molist (eds.) 7

Summary

Presentations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Tribute to Marie Claire Cauvin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Brief introduction to the 7th Conference on PPN chipped and ground stone industries of the Fertile Crescent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Ferran Borrell, Juan José Ibáñez and Miquel Molist

Assessing typo-technological variability in Epipalaeolithic assemblages: Preliminary results from two case studies from the Southern Levant . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Lisa A. Maher and Danielle A. Macdonald

Wadi al-Hajana 1: A Khiamian outpost in the northwestern piedmont of Mt . Bishri, central Syria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Sumio Fujii and Takuro Adachi

The bidirectional blade industries of the southern Levant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59Omry Barzilai

Nahal Hava: a PPNB campsite and Epipalaeolithic occupation in the central Negev highlands, Israel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Michal Birkenfeld and A. Nigel Goring-Morris

Large-scale larnite quarries and production sites for bifacial tools in the southern Judean desert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Jacob Vardi

Qumran Cave 24, a Neolithic-Chalcolithic site by the Dead Sea: a short report and some information on lithics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

Avi Gopher, Cristina Lemorini, Elisabetta Boaretto, Israel Carmi, Ran Barkai and Heeli. C. Schechter

Observations on the chaîne opératoire of bidirectional blade production at Nahal Lavan 1021 based on refitting studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Netta Mitki, Omry Barzilai and A. Nigel Goring-Morris

Summary8

Household-level flaked-stone tool production at the Neolithic site of ‘Ain Ghazal, Jordan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Theresa M. Barket

Early Neolithic flint raw material selection at LPPNB Ba’ja / southern Levant . Preliminary results from two room fills of area B-North . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

Christoph Purschwitz

A functional investigation of perforators from the Late Natufian/Pre-Pottery Neolithic A site of Huzuk Musa – a preliminary report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

Iris Groman-Yaroslavski, Danny Rosenberg and Dani Nadel

Microdrill use at Khiamian sites in central and northern Levant (Syria and Lebanon) . . . 177Jesús González-Urquijo, Frederic Abbès, Hala Alarashi, Juan José Ibáñez and Talía Lazuén

The Neolithic commodification of stone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191Hans Georg K. Gebel

The Neolithic of Lebanon: a statement of current knowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207Maya Haïdar-Boustani

Caching and depositing in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B of Yiftahel, Israel . . . . . . . . . . . . 219Hamoudi Khalaily, Ianir Milevski and Omry Barzilai

The significance of long blade caches and deposits at Late Neolithic Shir, Syria . . . . . . . 231Dörte Rokitta-Krumnow

Opening Pandora’s Box: Some reflections on the spatial and temporal distribution of the off-set bi-directional blade production strategy and the Neolithisation of the Northern Levant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

Ferran Borrell

Exchange of points in the PPNB: points with the Palmyran retouch from Tell Ain el-Kerkh, northwest Syria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

Makoto Arimura

Naviform technology at Göllüdağ, Central Anatolia: some remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277Semra Balci

The lithic assemblages of Gusir Höyük (Turkey): the preliminary results . . . . . . . . . . . . 289Çiler Altinbilek-Algül

The early cypriot Pre-Pottery Neolithic: new evidence from the Amathus area . . . . . . . . 299François Briois, Jean-Denis Vigne and Jean Guilaine

Chipped stone artifacts from the aceramic Neolithic site of Chogha Golan, Ilam Province, western Iran . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315

Mohsen Zeidi and Nicholas J. Conard


Chipped stone industry from the excavation at the PPN settlement of Tell-e Atashi, SE Iran . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327

Mozhgan Jayez and Omran Garazhian

Study of the chipped stone assemblage from systematic surface sampling at the PPN settlement of Tell-e Atashi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341

Maryam Shakooie and Omran Garazhian

A reappraisal of the Pottery Neolithic flaked stone assemblages at Tall-i Jari B, Fars, Southwest Iran . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349

Yoshihiro Nishiaki

The ground stone tools from the aceramic Neolithic site of Chogha Golan, Ilam province, western Iran . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365

Nicholas J. Conard and Mohsen Zeidi

Keeping the razor sharp: hafting and maintenance of sickles in the southern Levant during the 6th and 5th millennia bc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377

Jacob Vardi and Isaac Gilead

The PPNA quarry of Kaizer Hill, Modi‘in, Israel – The waste piles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395Gadi Herzlinger, Leore Grosman and Naama Goren-Inbar

Incised slabs from Hayonim cave: a methodological case study for reading Natufian art . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407

Dana Shaham and Anna Belfer-Cohen

Grooved stones and other macrolithic objects with incised decoration from the PPNB at Tell Halula (Syria, Middle Euphrates Valley) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421

Miquel Molist, Maria Bofill, Anabel Ortiz and Bushra Taha

Grooved stones in the Southern Levant: typology, function and chronology . . . . . . . . . . 435Ariel Vered

Natufian bedrock mortars at Qarassa 3: Preliminary results from an interdisciplinary methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449

Xavier Terradas, Juan José Ibáñez, Frank Braemer, Karen Hardy, Eneko Iriarte, Marco Madella, David Ortega, Anita Radini and Luis C. Teira

Göllü Dağ Obsidian Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465Nur Balkan-Atli, Nurcan Kayacan, Semra Balci, Laurence Astruc and Korhan Erturaç

Results of geochemical analyses of obsidian artefacts from the Neolithic site of Tell Labwe South, Lebanon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475

Lamya Khalidi, Bernard Gratuze, Maya Haidar-Boustani, Juan José Ibáñez and Luís Teira

The consumption of obsidian at Neolithic Çatalhöyük: a long-term perspective . . . . . . . 495Tristan Carter and Marina Milic

Summary10

The obsidian assemblage from Neolithic Hagoshrim, Israel: pressure technology and cultural influence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509

Heeli C. Schechter, Ofer Marder, Ran Barkai, Nimrod Getzov and Avi Gopher

The obsidian at Arpachiyah, Iraq; an integrated study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 529Stuart Campbell and Elizabeth Healey

Stone Tools in Transition: From Hunter-Gatherers to Farming Societies in the Near East. F. Borrell, J.J. Ibáñez, M. Molist (eds.) 21

Brief introduction to the 7th Conference on PPN chipped and ground stone industries of the Fertile Crescent

Ferran Borrell1, Juan José Ibáñez2 and Miquel Molist1

1 Departament de Prehistòria. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Spain.2 Institució Milà i Fontanals. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Spain.

1. Introduction

nineteen years since the first meeting in Berlin in 1993 (Gebel, Kozłowski 1994), the seventh gath-ering of the “lithic family” researching the lithic record in the Pre-Pottery neolithic of the near East and neighbou ring regions was held in Barcelona from 14 to 17 Fe bruary 2012 .

The 7th Conference on PPN Chipped and Ground Stone Industries of the Fertile Crescent is, to date, the latest in a series of meetings that have become something of a unique success story in prehistoric research because of their continuity and well-attended venues with high-quality pre-sentations, and also because of the frameworks they have developed to sustain the momentum in trying to overcome the various difficulties in our research .

The event was organised by the Institució Milà i Fontanals (Consejo Superior de Investiga-ciones Científicas) and the Prehistory Department (Universitat Autò noma de Barcelona), with the financial support of the Department de Cultura i Mitjans de Comunicació (Regional Gov-ernment of Catalonia) and the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Government of Spain) . The conference was held in the Pati Manning building in Barcelona during the first three days and on the last day it was based at the Universitat Autònoma of Bar celona in Bellaterra .

Figure 1: The Pati Manning building in Barcelona during one of the coffee-breaks.

22 Brief introduction to the 7th Conference on PPN chipped and ground stone industries of the Fertile Crescent

Figure 2: Conference opening ceremony on 14 February (left) and audience during one of the oral presentations (right) (photo H.G.K. Gebel).

Even though this series of meetings was originally conceived as workshops (see Gebel 2011 for details), there has been a clear tendency for them to be organized in the conference format (Healey et al. 2011), consisting of 20-25 minutes for each presentation including questions, with time for discussion and more questions at the end of each day . This was the structure followed in Barcelona in concordance with the line marked by previous meetings, due to increasing diffi-culty in exporting materials from the countries, even temporarily, and to the growing number of participants .

The conference was also a tribute to the researcher Dr . Marie Claire Cauvin, for her long out-standing role in understan ding the origin and development of animal-husbandry and agriculture in the near East, mainly through the study of a large number of lithic assemblages .

2. The conference

The Conference in Barcelona left no doubts about the growing interest and vitality of research into the near Eastern lithic record . The high participation rate of the seventh edition, the variety and interest of the contributions, the range of nationalities of the attendees, as well as the friend-ly and cordial atmosphere of the conference, led us from the very beginning to consider it a suc-cess, as we expressed soon after the conference (Borrell et al . 2011) . In this aspect, as organizers of the conference, we were fully satisfied by the high number of participants that attended the con-ference (see fig . 1), clearly over the average ration for this series of meetings, with an in teresting mixture of nationalities and age ranges . The combination of fully established senior scholars, younger researchers and students makes clear that there is and will be new blood running through the veins of the “lithic family”, which is always positive .

During the four days of the conference, a total number of 52 oral presentations were pre-sented and 10 posters displayed, and during the coffee breaks some collections of ma terials kind-ly brought by delegates were displayed .


Figure 3: Attendance, contributions and published works through the series of workshops/conferences.

In general terms, as mentioned in our first report after the conference (Borrell et al . 2011), the conference evidenced 1) the scientific potential generated by Israeli universities and institutions, 2) the consolidation of several Spanish research projects in different near Eastern countries, 3) the stable presence of colleagues from the United Kingdom, United States of America, Turkey, Germany, Japan and Canada, 4) the noteworthy participation of researchers from Iran, Syria and Lebanon and that 5) French and Italian universities, whose projects in the near East are so relevant and dynamic, were not represented as much as in previous editions . Because of these characteristics, the geographical area which received most attention was clearly the southern Le-vant . However, many other presentations focused on lithic assemb lages from the south, centre and north of Syria and south-east Turkey . Among the other regions represented, it is interesting to note several communications about studies of sites in Iran .

The presentations were quite varied in their topics although most focused on chipped lithic industries in flint or obsidian, the latter becoming a consolidated research line in both the north-ern and southern Levant . A few other contributions referred to different materials, like ground stones, bedrock mortars, incised stones and beads and pendants . As regards their chronological range, most of the communications referred to the PPnB, although many others were about lithic assemblages dated in the Epipalaeolithic, natufian, PPnA and Pn .

3. The proceedings

After an acceptable period of time, not even a year and a half, we have reached our last goal, namely the publication of the papers presented in Barcelona . It gives us great satisfaction to see the publication of the works and we would like to thank all authors who have contributed with their papers for their collaboration in following the tight schedule of the publishing process .

This volume includes a total number of 36 articles, which is very close to the number of pub-lished papers, around 40, from the first two venues in Berlin and Warsaw/Jalès (fig . 3) . Unfortu-


nately not all the presentations have finally been published in the proceedings . In our opinion, all the presentations deserved, and were expected to be published, and they would have given this volume a more complete framework and made it more attractive to potential readers . We assume that there might be different reasons playing their part, such as the tight publishing pro-cess, the growing tendency to present preliminary results in conferences/workshops, the situa-tion of armed conflict in some regions of the near East, and the economic crisis that makes re-search in the Levant an even more difficult task .

The title of the proceedings tries to be as comprehensive as possible in accordance with the papers presented in the conference . Choosing or enumerating the topics included in the confer-ence did not seem the best solution so we have chosen to simply stress the category (lithics) and the chronological time span (from the final stages of Epipalaeolithic/natufian to the Halaf peri-od) which in fact mostly means talking about PPn lithics .

The order of the papers has been arranged according to a combination of themes, chronol-ogy and regions . The first paper presents how to assess variability in Epipalaeolithic assem-blages in the southern Levant (Maher and Macdonald), and the second one presents a Khi-amian flint assemblage in Central Syria (Fujii and Adachi) . These two articles are followed by a series of papers focused on different aspects of flint industries in the southern Levant such as bidirectional industries (Barzilai), PPnB campsites (Birkenfeld and Goring-Morris), hafting and maintaining sickles (Vardi and Gilead), cave occupations (Gopher et al .), refitting studies (Mitki et al .), household production (Barket) and raw material procurement (Purschwitz) . The next two papers are use-wear analyses on drills from the lower Jordan valley (Groman-Yaroslavski et al .) and Khiamian/PPnA microdrills from Lebanon and northern Syria (González-Urquijo et al .) . The volume continues with a paper on the neolithic Commodifi-cation of Stone (Gebel), a historiographic review of the neolithic in Lebanon (Boustani), and two more examples of flint caches in the PPnB in southern Levant (Khalaily et al .) and dur-ing the Late neolithic in central Syria (Rokitta-Krumnow) . The next set of papers concern different aspects of the variability of bidirectional technology in northern Syria (Borrell) (Arimura), naviform technology in central Anatolia (Balci), lithic assemblages from South-eastern Turkey (Altinbilek-Algül), and PPn lithics from Cyprus (Briois et al .) . The section that follows concerns different studies on chipped stones at neolithic sites in western (Zeidi and Conard), southeast (Jayez and Garazhian), (Shakooie and Garazhian) and southwest Iran (nishiaki) . The next three papers focus on different categories of stones tools such as ground stones from western Iran (Conard and Zeidi), bifacial tools from the southern Judean desert (Vardi), quarrying waste piles in southern Levant (Herzlinger et al .), natufian incised slabs (Shaham and Belfer-Cohen), grooved stones from the middle Euphrates valley (Molist et al .) and the southern Levant (Vered) and natufian bedrock mortars (Terradas et al .) . The last set of papers are devoted to obsidian studies in central Anatolia (Balkan-Atlı), (Carter and Milic), Lebanon (Khalidi et al .), and southern (Schechter et al .) and northern Levant (Campbell and Healey) .

These papers cover almost all the regions of the near East and also some neighbouring re-gions (fig . 4), which represents certain continuity with the research lines present in previous conferences . It is clear that there are vast areas of the near East that remain unknown in terms of lithic technologies, as was observed by H . Gebel after the publication of the PPn6 in Man-chester (Gebel 2011) . Therefore, it is worth stressing that in this seventh conference, several important studies carried out in Iran were presented, in addition to cross-country compari-sons, and we believe that these are both very positive aspects . The fewer papers on research work in Turkey is less positive, after the large number of studies published in previous confer-ence proceedings .


Figure 4: Comparison (%) of regional foci of published papers following H. Gebel’s previous categorization (Gebel 2011).

4. Conclusions

The Conference in Barcelona is a new step taken by the “lithic family” in the process of main-taining and strengthening the study of the lithic record in the Pre-Pottery neolithic in the near East and neighbou ring regions . In this respect we, as organizers and members of the family, are fully satisfied by the high number of participants that attended the conference, the variety and interest of the contributions, and the cordial atmosphere of the meeting . The publication of the conference proceedings also wishes to consolidate this vitality of research into the near Eastern lithic record . However, there are still some aspects to bear in mind in order to avoid a simplistic or naïf vision to the current situation of near Eastern lithic studies .

It seems crucial to us to stimulate the presence of local young researchers in the teams and their participation in conferences and workshops abroad . We celebrate the significant participa-tion of Iranian researchers in Barcelona but many other countries were not represented . Training and support by established (local and foreign) teachers both in- and off-field must be provided in order to change this situation .

We have also noticed the almost total absence of cross-national research teams operating in third countries . Collaboration with local partners is a fact but there is not much evidence of syn-ergetic work of institutions/departments from different countries working in stone research . It is also quite clear that projects do not share their specialists, which would allow them to work on regional levels, using the material from several sites . This atomization of knowledge means that supra-regional subjects and interpretations, and both cross-regional and cross-period topics re-main present in the conferences but only at low levels . In this respect, our workshops/confer-ences are crucial to avoid isolation between researchers or schools and stimulate personal ex-change and the setting up of cooperative efforts .

The Manchester and Barcelona meetings have consolidated the idea of integrating pre- and post-neolithic lithic traditions in the conferences, as well as all kind of lithic analyses, not only chipped, and their socio-economic contexts .


Site specific industries, more morpho-technological oriented analysis instead of typological approaches, continue to form a substantial part of the conference . Technology or primary pro-duction approaches are still an important topic . In contrast, studies focused on the cognitive and symbolic meaning of chipped stone assemblages have lost much ground .

Experimental and use-wear studies appear in very low frequencies, while analyses investing great efforts in refitting studies are in good shape thanks to the research intensity in the southern Levant . This intensity of studies in the southern Levant is in clear contrast with the situation in the northern Levant, which is slowly suffering from a constant decrease in the number of presen-tations . The wished-for balance between the northern and southern Levant is still far from being achieved .

Acknowledgements

The celebration of the conference and the later publication of the conference proceedings has been possible thanks to the financial support of the Departament de Cultura i Mitjans de Comu-nicació de la Generalitat de Catalunya (Ref . K0769/K0100U0010) and the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia y Competitividad (Acción Complementaria HAR2011-12884-E) . We are also very grateful to both host institutions, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, for the organizational and logistical support before and during the meeting . In the institutional sense we would especially like to mention the participation in the brief introductory ceremony of Josep Manuel Rueda (General Sub-director of Architectonic, Ar-chaeological and Palaeontological Heritage in the Culture Department of the Government of Cata lonia), Manuel López Béjar (Research Vice-Rector at the Universitat Autònoma de Barce-lona) and Luís Calvo (Delegate in Catalonia of the Spanish national Research Council – CSIC) .

Special mention must be made of the younger members of both institutions (CSIC-UAB) who participated in the organization of the conference (M . Bofill, H . Faisal, B . Taha and O . Vicente)

Finally we would like to express our gratitude to all those academics, also friends, who have kindly contributed to the refereeing process of the papers . Their interesting comments and per-tinent suggestions have helped participants to improve their studies and enriched this volume as well . Our thanks go to Frédéric Abbès, Makoto Arimura, Laurence Astruc, Ran Barkai, Omry Barzilai, Anna Belfer-Cohen, François-Xavier Le Bourdonnec, Tristan Carter, Eric Coqueugniot, Christophe Delage, Laure Dubreuil, Phillip Edwards, Bill Finlayson, Ellery Frahm, Sumio Fujii, Hans Georg Gebel, nathan Goodale, Avi Gopher, nigel Goring-Morris, Elizabeth Healey, Frank Hole, Seiji Kadowaki, Hamoudi Khalaily, Cristina Lemorini, Osamu Maeda, Roger Mat-thews, Yoshiro nishiaki, Deborah Olszewski, Hara Procopiou, Yorke Rowan, Leslie Quintero, Alan Simmons, Xavier Terradas, Kobi Vardi, Trevor Watkins, Phil Wilke and some other anon-ymous reviewers .

Last but not least, we thank all participants to the 7th Conference on PPN Chipped and Ground Stone Industries of the Fertile Crescent, and to the organizers of the 8th edition that will be held in Cyprus, for accepting the responsibility and providing continuity to this event, allowing us to keep on learning about lithics from the near East and stay in contact with colleagues and friends from around the world .

Our last thought is for those who are suffering in the near East due to armed conflicts: col-leagues, friends and relatives, you are all remembered .


Figure 5: The “lithic family” in Barcelona (photo: O. Maeda).

References

Borrell, F .; Ibáñez, J .; Molist, M . (2011) . “A Short Report and some Reflections on the 7th International Conference on the Chipped and Ground Stone Industries in the Pre-Pottery neolithic . Barcelona, 14th-17th February 2012” . Neo-Lithics, 2/11, 32-35 .

Gebel H .G .K . (2011) . “The PPn 1-6 Workshops: agendas, trends and the future” . In: Healey, E .; Campbell, S .; Maeda, O . (eds .) . The State of the Stone: Terminologies, Continuities and Contexts in Near Eastern Lithics . SEnEPSE 13 . Berlin: ex oriente, 1-22 .

Gebel H .G .K .; Kozłowski S .K . (eds .) . (1994) . Neolithic Chipped Stone Industries of the Fertile Crescent . SEnEPSE 1 . Berlin: ex-oriente .

Healey E .; Campbell S .; Maeda, O . (eds .) (2011) . The State of the Stone: Terminologies, Conti-nuities and Contexts in Near Eastern Lithics . SEnEPSE 13 . Berlin: ex oriente .

2013. brief introduction to the 7th conference on chipped and ground stone industries of the fertile...

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