The Story of an Idea - 8 min video on ICRC (excellent)Cartoon on becoming engaged in the ICRC (very good) on how it all startedDumond – Napoleon, Sets up a make shift hospital, was joined tby the women and elderly. He was mortified when he was en route and ended up in a battlefield. Witnesses the horror – and then starts lobbying Europe to the Geneva Convention. Diff b/w civilians and combatants. 1864. Beginning…A memory 1862 – establishment of a body of helpers to care for the wounded in the case of war. Idea was revolutionary – and he started the ICRC – Geneva conference – Geneva Convention – for aid and protection of wounded soldiers.Geneva Convention – wounded sick or ship wrecked sailors, POW’s, civilians affected by war. It was his initiation – showing humanity amongst inhumanity. There are 200 states, IHL – the ICRC that guards the convention, and gangs backing for the IHL…without discrimination. Sick soldiers, POW’s, ICRC persuade authorities for the safety and dignity – for those with armed conflict and men, women and children deprived of basic necessities such as water, food, shelter, clothing.

The Explotation of Violence, The Violence of Exploitation– Abraham (Liberia) – Good Video 13 mins

Child Soldiers – Rebel opposition groups, guerrilla parties, and government”I don’t want to go back” – Former child soldiers intervene, Came a soldier when I was 7.My fighting name – Hitler Killer – Who is Hitler – I don’t know. They killed my fatter, I join with my friend’s b/c I want to find the man that killed my father and I killed him. 978 men under my command – colonel – 176 – Hitler Killers’ 9-12 ages. They go on the advanced team. Forefront of the war. Soldiers that are 20-23 – they are always afraid. But Hitler the killer – the small soldiers are not afraid. I trust them and they are my best and they execute everything I tell them to do. I have the trust and confidence in them.It can happen to you, you come home and they have killed your parentsWhen you are on drugs. Absurd you make yourself look, the more justification you give yourself.When I say Hitler the killer – get that man, I know that he’ll do it. He’ll be executed.Attack on a refugee center – sometimes he told me to gouge people’s eyes out.Young people demonstratingYou want revenge. And you’ll know that you want to kill. To avenge.I want to have a clear conscience again. That’s why I help children.I want to forget. I don’t want to kill anymore.The most important need – is that they are accepted as human beings. Not as killers.I can’t do anything because I don’t have enough money to go to school. My grandmother doesn’t have enough.

Do you want to go back – I don’t want to go back there. If he tells me to go back, I won’t. If we are not in the bush someone will catch him. What will you do? Nothing – I don’t know (what kind of life is this for a kid?) Fore evil to take place the great majority has to remain indifferent – that will make the difference in the world.

Child Labour (The Violence of Exploitation) – Excellent Video! 13 mins

Schools are over crowded if they existSenegalCruel and dangerous place is the street and they have many risks here.Ibraham – it is hard work and it’s dangerous. (Shows how hard the kids are working) Many people get burnedDemand education – BelfastEducation for Ibrahma is just a dream. It’s there only way out. (Why is education deemed so important?)Bangladesh – 1994 – public opinion – sacked the children because of media, garment factories – very hard to exploit these clothes to western marketsNo one was able to predict what damage it would do to them. End up in much worse conditions then before because they were stripped of their learning time. I used to work in the garment industry but I was forced to leave, I didn’t want to become a domestic maid, my mom beat me until Poor people don’t need an education –it’s better to make moneyYou don’t take children out of factories until you have a better alternative for them – you don’t expose them to worse. Keep the children in the factories to address their needs. Tutu – works hard every day, we are very poor 8 children, my father is dead one of my brother’s works in Saudi Arabia. No mother wishes to see their children working. But you don’t have any other choice! He works hard for $7 a week.Bfast time – 2 hours of lessons – 2 brothers have the right to go to school, but the family needs their wage to survive. The uniforms and books are too expensive.Salary of the teacher – so Titu can learn- a large part of his salary of $7 a week pays his teacher. It’s the only way that I can improve myself.

Reaching Geneva – a new international convention – children and participants marched onto Geneva United Nations – Poetry – we want education! Great Poem. No more exploitation, we want books! Rights of the child – right to be protected.

War and Dignity (Long 25 mins)War is continuation of politics – military men – to be a soldier – defending the state. Fight a war to get peace. You join the army to fight the war. Why do you need to make it look clean?Nations engage in war – from a strictly legal viewpoint – aspects of war. Sometimes you capture and torture people and then you realize that they

are like you, you are supporting your own system. It becomes very difficult when you are dealing with other people.War does not always bring peace. In the human history – never more than 8 years in the history of the world.Does not matter which side you are on. There are always the winners and defeated. There is always suffering and grief. When you enter the war theatre – you don’t think about peace and war. Goal- to command people and do what they are ordered to do.Guerrilla – insurgent the freedom fighterHe has to live within the people. They hide him and feed him. Disappear into the sea amongst these people. Launch an info campaign to let people to know – military dictatorship must come to an end – told our troops to make sure that they would go down. The Hague and Geneva conventions – significant b/c it’s not just a piece of paper on the rules of dealing in war with POW’s. When you reach the battlefield, experience – there are no written morals. There are some commands – what is permitted and what is not.Society itself values will tell the soldiers the morals.Geneva conventions – one of the When they disregard the law and take responsibility for their actions – you can talk about humanity. Punish violations of IHL. Soldiers – a fact of life in war – kill civilians. Control exercised by leaders – to not have it turn into a massacre. Soldiers maintaining soldiers. Not a pack of wide animals. Best commanders are the best soldiers. Rebel in a week. Professional soldier – knowledge of his subject. Knowledge of being able to handle his troops. Able to make an appreciation of the enemy. Look at it as professionally. The coward will commit your war crimes.

Chechnya (14 mins) – Good Video – Really shows a lot of devastationRussians and Chechnya fighting – driving lots of people away from the fighting. Most of them have returned to not be able to find their homes.Here the rights are totally ignored human dignity and the rules of IHLCivilians – the only rules are survival – the vision of hell – in their memoriesWe live like dogs – in the shelters they would fire on usHer husband fled b/c of the war and her son has become mute since the fightingShe lives on the 8th floor, the balcony destroyed and the balcony above had been collapsed. In the shelter the corpses burned up and it was like living in a crematoriumNo water, gas or electricity (imagine their lives). We have rice and cans from the aid organizations – no meat available; I don’t have anything to put in soup.

Shattered Lives (5 mins)- LandminesGreat song and very moving images – AWESOME Song!Mines have been planted like plant seed in the groundThey know no distinguish b/w civilian or soldierVery good and very powerful Bernard Carney – Gardens of Death

Women Facing War (33 mins – 11 different short films) – Very powerful short clips on these women’s storiesMariatu – copes with disability – the result of a physical attack on her during warShihnaz – work at a hospital, she lives with the daily fear of threats to her personal safetySarah – diamond digger man who I loved (the man I was going to marry was captured and killed). Man raped her and forced her to go with him. She got pregnant – God gave me this child – other people would have left her in the bush. Sexual violence needs to be prevented.Amanda –detained for her role in armed conflict. I was away from my family for 5 years. I was arrested. Qualam – forced from her home by drought and conflict, describes what it’s like to be displaced. At first we didn’t have any food in this camp – then the Red Cross came and brought rice and other food. My son has to get water each day for the camp. 7 babies have already died in this camp. When war forces women from their homes, they need to be protected.Dzidza – searching for her husband and sons, still missing long after the war is over. Families have a right to know where their families are. That right needs to be enforced and protected.Olja – feelings of finally learning that her husband’s death. Now I can’t afford to rent an apt, don’t know how long I can stay in a hotel room. On the day he went missing he was wearing jeans and a t-shirt. All of his clothes were found. Families have a right to know where their families are.Efrat – awaiting news of her missing brother, a soldier captured in the hostilities.Mah-Bibi- 10 years old – destitute and begs for food to support herself and her younger brothers.Zakiya – supports herself and her 7 kids in the absences of her detained husband.Nasrin – a widow and mother, explains how medical care has helped her regain mobility after a mine accident.

At the End of a Gun – Women and War: (25 Mins)Sri Lanka – 18 Million – variety of ethnic groupsPsychological impact of grief on these people – they need counsellingIf you have lost your husband – you are looked down upon –some people will shun you b/c you have lost your husband and he must have been involved in some of the groups and then they fear that they will lose their husbands as well.

Women are choosing or being forced to play a more active role as a combatantIt’s often women who are the last to leave and end up in makeshift campsLost their love ones, their home and their livelihoodsWith no way to earn a living, they have to wait for the war to endReports of incest and rapeThe whole community sheds a blind eye b/c the men look after the villageSurvives of rape have to give birth and then have tragic effects on themselves and on their communitiesIf I could I would go and find him – but then there would be no one to look after my childrenSome women are broadening their perspectives – they are not just victims, they are agents of change – they want to respond to violence with non-violenceFirst few days of freedom after 4 years of detaineesDetained for reasons of armed conflict – sometimes ill treatment, trauma and Detention – without any questions askedPeace is the only way – or the 30 or so armed conflict Treatment of civilians in war in the Geneva conventions and their additional protocols- if they were followed more adeptly

The Missing (The Right to Know) (4 mins 30 secs)A series of testimonials that provide a concise overview of the problems faced by the families of those who remain unaccounted for. He might be alive or he might be dead – but I want to know for sureFinally they were being held captive and I finally found themFamilies have the right to know!Short (just okay)