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Submission

Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)(WPANs)

Submission Title: [Use Cases, Applications, and Requirements for BANs]Date Submitted: [January 17, 2007]Source: [Carlos Cordeiro] Company [Philips]Address [345 Scarborough Rd., Briarcliff Manor, NY 10562]Voice: [+1 914-945-6091], FAX: [+1 914-945-6330], E-Mail: [Carlos.Cordeiro@philips.com]

Re: [In response to Call for BAN Use Cases and Applications]

Abstract: [This presentation illustrates key use cases, applications and technical requirements for BAN.]

Purpose: [To provide information on BAN use cases, applications and technical requirements.]

Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

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Outline

• Introduction• Applications• Use Cases• Requirements for BANs

– Application– Technical

• Conclusions

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Introduction• BAN is about providing a unified and scalable (in terms of data

rate, power, number and density of nodes) solution for connectivity in, on and around the body– Enables the convergence of sensors/actuators, wireless

communication and healthcare/consumer devices– Towards the connected consumer experience

• A BAN standard must:– Provide the pathway to achieve the required scalability and low

power goals– Provide the necessary QoS, coexistence, security, network

management, SAR compliance and reliability needed by the envisioned applications

• A BAN standard must address healthcare applications– Many upcoming applications from both professional and consumer

arenas• “Wireless applications that improve the lives and quality of service to

cardiac patients represent only the first wave in what will be an ever-exploding field”1

– Consumer electronic (CE) applications should also be considered1 N. Ansari et al, “Wireless technology advances and challenges for telemedicine,” IEEE Comm. Magazine, vol. 44, no. 4, April 2006.

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BAN Applications• Convergence of healthcare and CE

applications towards the connected consumer experience

• Healthcare– Implantable medical devices

• Cancer tracking, cardiac pacemakers / defibrillators, neurostimulators, drug pumps, glucose sensor, etc.

– Swallowable• Pills for drug delivery and imaging

– Wearable sensors• EEG, ECG, blood pressure, body

temperature, …– Hearing aids– Wellness / Fitness sensors– Baby care

• CE– Wearable audio & Video stream– Remote control & I/O devices

• E.g., Imaging

Source: G. Haubrich (Medtronic, Inc.), “Wireless Applications in Healthcare: Wireless Telemetry for Active Implantable Medical Device (AiMD) Systems,” IEEE Spectrum Webcast, Nov. 30, 2006.

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BAN Applications

Implanted Body-worn

Backbone

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Use Case: Drug Delivery

• Pill travels in the gastro-intestinal tract and is in periodic wireless communication to an external unit near the body

• Pill lifetime is between 8-72 hours

• Communication range is between 1 and 3 meters

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Use Case: Drug Delivery

• Patient at home– Pill reports actions and sensor data to portable unit every few seconds or

minutes– Possibly more than one pill in the patient– Can not guarantee portable unit is within range

• Pill may store data and download when portable unit is found

• Patient in research clinic or hospital– Multiple patients on a clinical ward– Pill reports actions and sensor data– Possible central external unit talking to and commending several pills

• Data rate– Generally low: status and simple sensor (e.g., pH) measurements taken on

the order of every minute– Exception: use of an image sensor where images are taken and transmitted

• Commercial products exist with data rates as high as 800 Kbps

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Use Case: Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)

• A treatment of neurological diseases and conditions by an implanted brain pacemaker that stimulates different regions of the brain with electrical impulses

Implanted Pulse Generator (IPG)

Leads

Electrodes

Source: Medtronic, Inc.

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Use Case: Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)

• The IPG needs to– Communicate wirelessly

with an external unit– Communicate wirelessly

with an electrode controlling unit

• Requirements– Data rate between 128

Kbps and 320 Kbps– BER < 10-10

– Stand-by power < 0.1 mW– Lifetime between 3 to 5

years– Range less than 3m

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Use Case: Tumor Growth, Treatment• Based on sensed data by

implanted devices, doctors can change a patient’s treatment or even recalibrate the implanted device1

• Doctors can decide when it is the right time to take the next step in a patient’s treatment

• Requirements– Data rate < 20 Kbps in most

cases– Range < 3m– BER < 10-10

1 See: “MIT implant measures tumor growth, treatment”, Dec. 4, 2006

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Use Case: Glucose Level Monitor• In patients with diabetes, a

body-worn glucose monitor analyzes the level of glucose in the body

• If the glucose level surpasses a desirable value, the glucose monitor informs the patient and, if appropriate, communicates with the implanted insulin pump to release the right amount of insulin

• Data rate in the order of 1 Kbps

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Use Case: Healthcare and CE (1)• While doing exercise, one

could use the same personal device (e.g., MP3 player, cellular phone, etc.) to:– Stream music to a wireless

headset– Receive and display sensing

data such as heart rate, glucose level, body temperature, speed, distance, etc.

• Information sensed can be used to set the pace for the rider

• If an abnormal event is detected, an alarm is sent from the personal device to the wireless headset

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Use Case: Healthcare and CE (2)• User carries a mobile device (e.g.,

cellular phone) which controls and displays a number of features:

– Sensors: body temperature, glucose level, heart rate, etc.

– Streaming to wireless headset– Remote control (e.g., the PDA,

personal CD player, etc.)

• Mobile device is also used as a gateway to send remote patient monitoring data to a central database where it can be accessed by the patient’s physician

• Scalable data rate (up to 10Mbps) and power consumption (up to 40mW) requirements

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Summary of Some Application Requirements

Application Target data rate Latency BER

Drug Delivery < 16 Kbps < 250 ms < 10-10

Deep Brain Stimulation

< 320 Kbps < 250 ms < 10-10

Capsule Endoscope 1 Mbps - < 10-10

ECG 192 Kbps(6 Kbps, 32 channels)

< 250 ms < 10-10

EEG 86.4 Kbps(300Hz sample, 12-bit ADC, 24 channels)

< 250 ms < 10-10

EMG 1.536 Mbps(8kHz sample, 16-bit ADC, 12 channels)

< 250 ms < 10-10

Glucose level monitor

< 1 Kbps < 250 ms < 10-10

Audio 1 Mbps < 20ms < 10-5

Video / Medical imaging

< 10 Mbps(e.g., Standard Video)

< 100ms < 10-3

Voice 50 – 100 Kbps per flow < 10ms < 10-3

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Some Technical RequirementsRequirement Proposed Range

Operating space In, on, or around the body Up to 3 m

Data rate Scalable Up to 10Mbps

Target bands Unlicensed and Medical approved bands MICS, MEDS, ISM

Device duty cycle Scalable Up to 100%For example, between 0.001-1% in stand-by mode up to 100% in fully active mode

Peak Power consumption

Scalable Up to 40mWFor example, between 0.01-0.1mW in stand-by mode up to 40mW in fully active modeAbility to be switched-off completely

Coexistence Coexistence with legacy devices, primaries, and self-coexistence

Simultaneous nearby operation of hundreds devices belonging to different BANs

Security High Authentication, privacy, encryption, etc.

Safety High Meet regulation requirements for SAR

Topology Multiple simultaneous links Tens of simultaneous links, no single point of failure, and multi-hop support

Network Setup Required Secure and under a few seconds

Location information

Desirable Localization within a radius of a few centimeters

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Conclusions• We have introduced a set of applications, use cases,

and technical requirements that BAN networks must satisfy– These must be accounted for in the BAN PAR and 5C

• Existing IEEE 802 standards do not address the requirements of all these envisioned BAN applications and use cases

• Healthcare applications should be addressed by any new BAN standard– However, CE applications should also be considered