(dme 411) - anucde.info · subject to the boundary conditions 0 1 0 using galerkin method. (b)...

WS 17

(DME 411)

B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2010.

(Examination at the end of Fourth Year)

Mechanical Engineering

Paper I — INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT

Time : Three hours Maximum : 75 marks

Question no 1 is Compulsory

Answer ONE questions from each Unit.

All questions carry equal marks.

1. (a) Concept of productivity. (2)

(b) Chrono cycle graph. (2)

(c) Standard time. (1)

(d) Activity sampling. (2)

(e) Directing. (2)

(f) Sole trader concern. (2)

(g) Selling concept. (2)

(h) Current ratio. (2)

(DME 411)

2

WS 17

UNIT I

2. (a) Suggest measures to in prose industrial

productivity.

Or

(b) What are the principles of motition economy?

UNIT II

3. (a) Explain the principles to be followed while

designing plant layout.

Or

(b) Enumerate different methods of conducting

time study.

UNIT III

4. (a) What are the principles of scientific

management?

Or

(b) Discuss the functions of personnel manager

in a engineering company.

(DME 411)

3

WS 17

UNIT IV

5. (a) Critically examine different stages in the life cycle of a product.

Or

(b) Explain different methods of providing depreciation.

——————

(DME 412)




Paper II — ADVANCED MACHINE DESIGN


Answer Question No. 1 is Compulsorily.

Answer ONE question from each Unit.

1. (a) List out different types of spring materials.

(b) List out different types of Brakes.

(c) Sketch the parallel reliability system.

(d) What are the materials used for lining of friction surfaces?

(e) What is the main function of a fly wheel in an engine?

(f) Write short notes on Optimum design.

(g) Discuss standardization of design process.

UNIT I

2. (a) What is the function of a spring? In which type of springs the behaviour in non-linear.

(b) Design a compression helical spring to carry a load of 500 N with a deflection of 25 mm.

The spring index may be taken as 8. Assume the following values for the spring

material permissible shear stress = 350 n/mm2. Modulus of rigidity = 84 × 103 N/mm2.

Wahl's factor = CC615.0

4414C

. Where C = spring index.

Or

3. (a) Classify springs according to their shapes. Draw neat sketches indicating in each case

whether stresses are induced by bending (or) by torsion.

(b) An engine indicator has a plunger diameter of 20 mm. The indicator spring attached to

this plunger is to be compressed 12 mm, when the steam pressure acting on the plunger

is 5 N/mm2. Assume a stress in the wire as 560 N/mm2 and the mean diameter of the

coil is three times that of wire diameter. Find the diameter of the wire, mean diameter

of the coil and the number of turns required. Take modulus of rigidity 80 kN/mm2.

(DME 412) 2

UNIT II

4. (a) Why a positive clutch is used? Describe, with the help of a neat sketch, the working of a jaw (or) claw clutch.

(b) A single block brake as shown in Fig, has a draw diameter of 720 mm. If the brake sustains 225 N-m torque at 500 rpm. Find.

(i) The required force (p) to apply the brake for clockwise rotation of the drum.

(ii) The required force (p) to apply the brake for counter clockwise rotation of the drum.

(iii) The location of the fulcrum to make the brake self-locking for clockwise rotation of the drum ; and the coefficient of friction may be taken as 0.3.

Fig.

Or

5. (a) What are the materials used for brake-linings?

(b) A single disc clutch with both sides of the disc effective is used to transmit 12 horse

power at 900 rpm. The axial pressure is limited to 0.85 kgf/ 2cm . If the external diameter of the friction lining is 1.25 times the internal diameter. Find the required dimensions of the friction lining and the axial force exerted by the springs. Assume uniform wear conditions. The coefficient of friction is 0.3.

Fig.

(DME 412) 3

UNIT III

6. A machine has to carry out punching operation at the rate of 10 holes/min. It does 60 kgf/m

of work per sq cm of the sheared area in cutting 2.5 cm diameter holes in 2 cm thick plates. A

flywheel is fitted to the machine shaft which is driven by a constant torque. The fluctuation

of speed is between 180 and 200 rpm. Actual punching takes 1.5 seconds. Frictional losses

are equivalent to 1/6 of the workdone during punching. Find

(a) H.P required to drive the punching machine and

(b) Weight of the flywheel, if radius of gyration of the wheel is 45 cm.

Or

7. The following particulars refers to a four stroke diesel engine. Cylinder bore = 75 mm ;

Stroke = 95 mm. RPM = 1000, Max. gas pressure = 4 N/mm2. Mass of reciprocating

parts = 2 kg. Determine

(a) The dimension of an I-Section connecting rod if forced steel with an elastic limit

compressive stress of 350 mPa. The ratio of length of connecting rod to the length of

crank is 3 and the factor of safety may be taken as 6.

(b) The wrist pin and crank pin dimension on the basis of bearing pressure 8 N/mm2 and

4 N/mm2 of the projected area and

(c) The dimensions of the small and big ends of the connecting rods, including the size of

the securing bolts of the crank pin end. Assume that the allowable stress in the bolts,

is not to exceed 15 N/mm2.

Draw the dimensioned sketches of the connecting rod showing the provisions for

lubrication.

UNIT IV

8. Find out the system reliability :

Fig.

Or

9. (a) Discuss practical problems that encounter in design.

(b) With the help of a neat sketch explain system design (Take suitable example).

————————

(DME 413)




Paper III — FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS


Answer Question No. 1 compulsorily.


1. (a) Explain principal stress calculations.

(b) Write about Galerkine’s method.

(c) Define shape function and its co-ordinates.

(d) Write about properties of global stiffness method.

(e) Sketch constant strain triangle (CST).

(f) Define ISO parametric element.

(g) Write about Axi-symmetric formulation.

UNIT I

2. (a) Solve the differential equation

10,02

2

xxdxd

subject to the boundary conditions 010 using Galerkin method.

(b) Determine the displacements of nodes of the spring system shown in fig.1

Fig. 1

Or

(DME 413) 2

3. (a) What is the procedure for to determine the area of the circle using finite element method?

(b) Give the two parameter Ritz solution for : 022

2

xudxud

for 10 x with

boundary conditions 00 u , 11

xdxdu

a .

UNIT II

4. (a) Give the step by step procedure of assembly of the global stiffness matrix with an example.

(b) Derive the element matrices for a one dimensional bar element. State from scratch.

Or

5. (a) Explain node numbering and Bandwidth of stiffness matrix.

(b) For the truss in fig. 2, a horizontal load of P = 4000 lb is applied in the x-direction at node 2. To find out stress analysis for the given element.

Fig. 2

UNIT III

6. For the configuration shown in fig. 3, determine the deflection at the point of load application using a one-element model. If a mesh of several triangular elements is used, comment on the stress values in the elements close to the tip.

Fig. 3

Or

t = 10 mm

E = 70,000 Mpa

V = 0.3

E = 30 106 psi A = 1.5 in2 for each element

(DME 413) 3

7. Solve the plane stress problem in fig. 4 using three different mesh divisions. Compare your deformation and stress results with values obtained from elementary beam theory.

Fig. 4

UNIT IV

8. (a) Write about discritization of the domain into elements.

(b) Construct the element conductivity matrix starting from fundamentals for a two dimensional steady state neat conduction problem over a triangular element.

Or

9. An axi symmetric body with a linearly distributed load on the conical surface is shown in fig. 5. Determine the equivalent point loads at nodes 2, 4 and 6.

Fig. 5

———————–––

E = 70 Gpa

V = 0.33

Thickness = 10 mm

(DME 414)


(Examination at the end of Fourth Year end)


Paper IV — COMPUTER AIDED MANUFACTURING AND AUTOMATION


All questions carry equal marks. Answer Question No. 1 compulsorily.

(15)

Answer ONE question from each Unit. (4 15 = 60 marks)

1. (a) Define automation. (2)

(b) List out the types of automation. (2)

(c) Explain principle of operation in AJM. (2)

(d) Explain CAPP. (2)

(e) Functions of punched tape. (2)

(f) Distinguish the DNC and CNC. (2)

(g) Classification of NC systems. (3)

(DME 414) 2

UNIT I

2. (a) What is the necessary of automation and discuss merits and demerits?

(b) What are different types of transfer lines explain breifly?

Or

3. (a) Explain laser beam machining and applications.

(b) Explain electro-discharge machining and applications.

UNIT II

4. (a) Bring out the difference between an absolute and incremental system.

(b) Explain the classification of NC system.

Or

5. (a) Write about adaptive control machining.

(b) What is CNC? Explain elements of CNC system.

UNIT III

6. (a) Write short notes on computer assisted part programming.

(b) Write about APT language.

Or

(DME 414) 3

7. Write a program in APT on CAD/CAM system

UNIT IV

8. Discuss about

(a) CIM

(b) Group technology.

Or

9. Explain briefly flexible manufacturing system and applications.

——————————–

Wk 9

(DME 415)




Paper V — MECHATRONICS


Answer question One compulsory. Answer One question from each unit.

All questions carry equal marks. 1. (a) List out the applications of mechatronics. (b) Write the basic requirements to select a

sensors. (c) Compare analog and digital controllers. (d) List the accessories used in hydraulic and

pneumatic systems. (e) Define a closed loop controller. (f) List the different types of logic gates. (g) Write a short notes on ladder diagram.

UNIT I 2. (a) Explain various classifications of sensors. (b) What do you mean by mechatronic system.

Or

Wk 9

(DME 415) 2

3. (a) Why signal conditioning is required?

(b) Explain coefficient of data acquisition system in detail.

UNIT II

4. (a) List different types of actuation system. Sketch and explain the working of pneumatic actuation system with suitable applications.

(b) With the help of block diagram show the modeling of 2 degrees of freedom for a electrical system.

Or

5. (a) Define system response. Explain the time response analysis of mechanical system.

(b) Discuss the modeling of mechanical system.

UNIT III

6. (a) Distinguish between open loop and closed loop controller.

(b) Discuss about PID controller.

Or

7. (a) Compare PID, PI and PD controller.

(b) Distinguish between continuous and discrete processes.

Wk 9

(DME 415) 3

UNIT IV

8. Explain pick and place robot and its practical applications.

Or

9. Define PLC. Explain the analog input and output selection of PLC.

——————

(DME 416 C)


(Examination at the end of Fourth Year End)


Paper VI — Optimization Techniques


Answer ALL questions.

1. (a) What are objective function contours? (2)

(b) Define Trajectory optimization problem. (2)

(c) What is the significance of Lagrange multiplier? (2)

(d) Define a usable feasible direction. (2)

(e) Define a complementary geometric programming problem. (2)

(f) Distinguish between design variables and pre-assigned problem. (2)

(g) Define a saddle point and indicate its significance. (3)

(DME 416 C) 2

UNIT I

2. (a) State the liner programming problem in standard form and explain.

(b) List the engineering application of optimization.

Or

3. A travelling saleswoman has to cover ‘n’ towns. She plans to start from a particular town numbered ‘1’, visit each of the other ‘n-1’ towns, and returns to town ‘1’. The distance between towns ‘i’ and ‘j’ is given by dij. Formulate the problem of selecting the sequence in which the towns are to be visited to minimize the total distance traveled.

UNIT II

4. (a) State the Kuhn-Tucker conditions.

(b) Find the minimum of the function 23456 120200154810)( xxxxxxf

100480 x .

Or

5. (a) Explain gradient search method.

(b) Find the diameter of an open cylindrical can that will have the maximum volume for a given surface area ‘S’.

(DME 416 C) 3

UNIT III

6. (a) Explain Heuristic search method with an example.

(b) How can you identify an active constraint during numerical optimization?

Or

7. Consider the optimization problem :

Minimize : 3121

31 116 xxxxf

Subject to : 023

22

21 xxx

04 23

22

21 xxx

3,2,1,0,53 ixxx ii .

Determine whether the solution

22

0

X is

optimum by finding the values of the Lagrange multiplies.

UNIT IV

8. Formulate the problem of minimum weight design of a helical spring under axial load as a geometric programming problem. Consider constraints on the shear stress, natural frequency and buckling of the spring.

Or

(DME 416 C) 4

9. The two-bar trues shown below is subjected to a vertical load ‘2p’ and is to be designed for minimum weight the members have a tubular section with mean diameter ‘d’ and wall thickness ‘t’ and the maximum permissible stress in each member )( 0 is equal to 60,000 psi. Determine the values of ‘h’ and ‘d’ using geometric programming for the following data :

p = 33,000 lb, t = 0.1 in ; b = 30 in, )( 0 = 60,000 psi and P(density) = 0.3 lb/in3.

———————

(DME 416/D)


(Examination at the end of Fourth year)


Paper VI — REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING





1. (a) Define unit of refrigeration and COP.

(b) What are different types of air refrigeration systems?

(c) What is the use of multistage compressor?

(d) What is the working principal of condenser?

(e) List out applications of steam jet refrigeration system.

(f) What is the need of ventilation and infilteration?

(g) What is the use of grills and registers in Air Conditioning System?

(DME 416/D) 2

UNIT I

2. (a) What is the difference between direct and indirect refrigeration system? Explain the advantages of one over the other.

(b) Explain the working principle of vapour compression refrigeration system with a neat diagram.

Or

3. A boot-strap system is used for an air plane. The pressure in the cabin is maintained at 1.013 bar and the air enters the cabin at 4.5°C. The temperature of air used for cooling in the heat exchangers is 32°C. The compressed air leaves the primary heat exchanger at 64°C. Taking the following data :

%85t , c (secondary compressor) = 77%,

(secondary heat exchange) = 0.9 Determine (a) The temperature of air entering the cooling

turbine and (b) The pressure of air at discharge from

primary and secondary compressors.

UNIT II

4. (a) A refrigerating machine using 12F as working fluid works between the temperatures –18°C and 37°C. The enthalpy of liquid at 37°C is 78 kJ/kg. The enthalpies

(DME 416/D) 3

of 12F entering and leaving the compressor are 200 kJ/kg and 238 kJ/kg respectively. The rate of circulation of refrigerant is 2 kg/min and efficiency of compressor is 0.85. Determine :

(i) Capacity of the plant in tons of refrigeration.

(ii) Power required to run the plant.

(iii) COP of the plant.

(b) List out the advantages of vapour compression refrigeration system.

Or

5. (a) What are different types of compressors? List its advantages and disadvantages.

(b) With neat sketch explain different types of evaporators.

UNIT III

6. (a) Draw a neat compact diagram of Lithium bromide water absorption refrigeration system and explain its working and list out the applications.

(b) Find the ideal COP of the system in which heating, cooling and refrigeration are carried out at temperatures of 197°C, 17°C and –5°C respectively.

Or

(DME 416/D) 4

7. (a) What are the advantages and disadvantages of steam jet refrigeration system are other types of refrigeration system?

(b) Explain the working principle and operation of thermo electric refrigerator with neat sketch.

UNIT IV

8. (a) 5 grams of water vapour per kg of atmospheric air is removed and temperature of air after removing the water vapour becomes 25°C DBT.

Find the followings : (i) Relative humidity (ii) Dew-point temperature. Assume condition of atmospheric air is

35°C and 60% R.H. and pressure is 1.013 bar.

(b) What are the different factors which must be considered evaluating cooling load? What are the different means by which this load can be reduced?

Or

9. (a) What are the advantages and disadvantages of spray type dehumidifier?

(b) Explain the use of ‘‘heat pump’’ for heating and cooling cycle with neat diagram.

–––––––––––––––

(DME 421)




Paper I — MECHANICAL MEASUREMENTS


Answer Question No. 1 compulsorily. Answer ONE question from each Unit.


1. (a) Define the terms : Calibration and sensitivity.

(b) Classification of Errors.

(c) Write the classification of transducer.

(d) Define Gauge factor.

(e) Function of a Diaphragm.

(f) What is a pyrometer?

(g) Define : Dynamometer.

(DME 421) 2

UNIT I

2. (a) Explain error analysis in detail.

(b) Discuss in detail about transient response specifications.

Or

3. (a) Using method of least squares fit the curve cmxy

(b) Discuss the characteristics of first order system.

UNIT II

4. (a) Sketch and explain construction and the working of variable inductance transducer.

(b) Explain the strain measurement using any bridge circuit.

Or

5. (a) Sketch and explain working of piezo-electric transducer and its applications.

(b) Showing a circuit discuss the temperature compensation strain gauge.

UNIT III

(DME 421) 3

6. (a) Explain in detail about Bourdon tube pressure gauge with a neat sketch.

(b) Find the temperature measurement using Bi-metallic thermometers.

Or

7. (a) With a neat sketch explain about McLeod Gauge.

(b) Discuss about flow measurement variable heat flow meter.

UNIT IV

8. (a) Different types of load cells. Explain in detail.

(b) Discuss the working of optical torsion meter.

Or

9. (a) Explain the principle of seismic vibration sketch and explain working of accelerotometer.

(b) Explain about any one of hydraulic dynamometer with a neat sketch.

–––––––––––––––

(DME 422)




Paper II — COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN


Answer Question No. 1 Compulsorily.



1. (a) Write about design process.

(b) Name any four achievements in CAD.

(c) Name the different types of secondary storage devices.

(d) Bring out the difference between 2D modeling and 3D modeling.

(e) What are the blending functions?

(f) Write about constructive solid geometry.

(g) What is translation, rotation?

(DME 422) 2

UNIT I

2. (a) List out the benefits of CAD.

(b) What is CAD database and its structure? Explain briefly.

Or

3. (a) Explain with sketch the principle of operation of raster scan terminal with their advantages and disadvantages.

(b) Discuss about :

(i) Work station.

(ii) Random Scan display.

(iii) Graphic monitors.

UNIT II

4. Draw the flow chart and write the Bresenham's algorithm. Generate a line with points (5,5) (10,5) get the slope.

Or

5. List out different wire frame models their editing features available on CAD.

(DME 422) 3

UNIT III

6. (a) Explain surface modelings.

(b) Write about reparametrisation of surface

patch.

Or

7. (a) Explain solid modeling and its applications.

(b) Write short notes on boundary

representation.

UNIT IV

8. A triangle is defined in a two-dimensional system

by its vertices (0,2), (0,3) and (1,2) perform the

following transformations on its triangle.

(a) Translate the triangle in space by 2 units in

the X-direction and 5 units in the

Y - direction.

(b) Scale the original triangle by a factor of 1.5.

(DME 422) 4

(c) Scale the original triangle by a factor of 1.5 in the x-direction and 3.0 in the y-direction.

(d) Rotate the original triangle by 45 about the origin.

Or

9. (a) What is meant by clipping and windowing transformation?

(b) Write short notes about viewing transformation and its implementation.

————————

(DME 423)




Paper III — ENERGY RESOURCES UTILIZATION





1. (a) What are the different methods are used to measure the rainfall?

(b) How the run-off is measured in practice?

(c) What is meant by overfeed and underfeed of coal?

(d) What do you understand by breading?

(e) What are the effects of thermal pollution?

(f) List out the advantages of tidal power plant.

(g) Explain the working principal of fuell cell.

(DME 423) 2

UNIT I

2. (a) What do you understand by non-

conventional sources of power generation?

What is the scope of these sources in India?

(b) Define hydrograph and explain its

importance in the design of storage type

hydro-electric power project.

Or

3. (a) Draw a neat sketch and explain working of a

diesel power plant systems.

(b) With neat sketch explain the main

components of gas turbine power plant.

UNIT II

4. (a) What do you understand by proximate and

ultimate analysis of coal? What are the uses

of these analysis when coal is to be as fuel in

power plant?

(b) What are the advantages of burning the fuels

in pulverised form?

Or

(DME 423) 3

5. (a) What are the different ash handling systems? Discuss the relative merits and demerits.

(b) Draw a neat diagram of a Volex Boiler and discuss its merits and demerits.

UNIT III

6. (a) Draw a neat diagram of nuclear reactor and explain the functions of different components.

(b) What are the different types of nuclear wastes? Which are more dangerous and why?

Or

7. (a) A power station has annual factors as follows : Load factor = 0.6, Capacity factor = 0.4 and Use factor = 0.45.

The maximum demand from the power station = 20 MW.

Determine : (i) Annual energy produced (ii) Reserve capacity over and above peak

load (iii) Number of hours per year during which

plant is not working. (b) What do you understand by noise pollution?

Explain the methods adopted to reduce the noise pollution.

(DME 423) 4

UNIT IV

8. (a) Explain different types of solar collectors and its applications with neat sketches.

(b) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of horizontal and vertical axis wind mills with neat sketches.

Or

9. (a) Discuss different systems used for generating the power using geothermal energy.

(b) What do you understand by MHD? Explain the working principal of MHD with neat sketch.

—————————

(DME 424/C)




Paper IV — ROBOTICS


Answer ALL questions.


1. (a) Define a Robot. Discuss the specifications of

robot.

(b) List out different types of End effectors.

(c) List out types of proximity sensors.

(d) Write short notes on Trajectory Planning.

(e) Distinguish between fixed and flexible

automation.

(f) Explain Basic transfermation operation.

(g) Explain about optical encoder.

(DME 424/C) 2

UNIT I

2. (a) Define the work envelope of a Robot. How does it differ from one type of Robot to another?

(b) Under what circumstances, the application of industrial robots can be useful and justified.

Or

3. (a) Explain how the measure of precision of a Cartesian coordinate robot is different from that of a cylindrical coordinate Robot.

(b) Discuss and differentiate point-to-point controlled Robot system and continuous path controlled Robot system.

UNIT II

4. (a) What is gripper? How different types of grippers are used to handle different components?

(b) What are the basic types of end effectors? What factors influence the design of an end effector?

Or

5. What are the considerations in the selections and design of remote centered devices?

(DME 424/C) 3

UNIT III

6. (a) Explain with neat sketch any one type of

proximity sensor.

(b) Identify the basic types of sensors used for

industrial robots. Why are sensing

capabilities important for robots and how are

such capabilities used in manufacturing

applications?

Or

7. What is a wrist sensor? What are its major

elements? Explain the elements of a wrist force

sensors. Describe the basic design of a wrist force

sensor.

UNIT IV

8. (a) Explain a systematic approach to the

trajectory planning.

(b) Explain Denavit-Hartenberg homogenous

transformation. How it is applicable in

Robotics?

Or

(DME 424/C) 4

9. (a) For a planner 2-R manipulator, find out the joint parameters ( 1 and 2 ) given that the end effector coordinates as yx pp , . The link

length are l and m as shown in figure.

(b) How many solutions can be obtained in the above problem? Sketch the various configurations.

——————

(DME 424/D)




Paper IV — COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS


Answer Question No. 1 Compulsorily.

(1 15 = 15)


(4 15 = 60)

1. (a) Write two applications of CFD.

(b) Write Navier-Stokes equation.

(c) What is convergency?

(d) What is face area?

(e) What is cell volume?

(f) List of different types of errors in CFD.

(g) List out grid generation methods.

(h) What is rate of convergency?

(i) List out different grid generation methods.

(j) What is consistency?

(k) What is cell centered scheme?

(DME 424/D) 2

(l) What is aspect ratio?

(m) Define mesh points.

(n) Define grid points.

(o) Define cell vertex scheme.

UNIT I

2. Derive the dimensionless form of the basic

equations for considering the dynamic similarity.

Consider compressible and incompressible Navier

Stokes equation.

Or

3. Explain the boundary conditions for Navier Stokes

equation.

UNIT II

4. Explain the finite volume discretisation and cell

centre scheme.

Or

5. Explain the explicit and implicit approaches of

differential equations.

(DME 424/D) 3

UNIT III

6. (a) Explain the governing equations suitable for CFD.

(b) Explain the compressed grids.

Or

7. (a) Explain the elliptic grid generation.

(b) Explain the modern methods of grid generation techniques.

UNIT IV

8. Explain LAX-WENDORFF technique. With neat sketches of modulus amplification and relative phase error.

Or

9. (a) Explain Mac Cormack Scheme.

(b) Explain ADI technique.

———————

(dme 411) - anucde.info · subject to the boundary conditions 0 1 0 using galerkin method. (b)...

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