DLTDevelopmentPlatformsComparison

Dr Jean-MarcSeigneurApril 2019

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• Director of the Certificate of Advanced Studies inblockchain development at University of Geneva(12 European credits, ECTS)

• https://www.cas-blockchain-certification.com

• President of Reputaction• Patent-pending hardened

crypto wallet for KYC-AML-enforcedBitcoin/tokens transactions, evenoffline

• Google Award of ExcellentResearch in Academia in2016

Non-financialuse-cases ofblockchains

3 [Medici]

Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG)• Blockchains are only a subset of Distributed Ledger Technologies

(DLT).• Another type of DLT are solutions relying on DAG rather than

blockchain: IOTA, Hashgraph…

4

edgevertex

[Vaibhav Saini]

Decentralized Applications (dApp) Requirements• Different DLT platforms have different advantages and disadvantages for dApp

development and production:• Peer-reviewed• Transaction per seconds (TPS)• Attack-resistance• Turing completeness• Safety or liveness• Final or probabilistic• Permissioned or permissionless• Programmability• Popularity• Sustainability• Interoperability• Privacy and legal aspects

• However, the first requirement to check is to know whether a DLT is needed or not!5

How to decide if you need a DLT?

6

[Birch]

[Wüst and Gervais]

US DHS DLT Decision Flow Chart

7

8

Foundation Partners Code Consensus

Transaction Speed

(without layer 2)

Attack Resistance

CurrentDecentralization

Team Size

TokenGeneration

Legal Aspects

CurrentGrowth

Potential

Ethereum Switzerland WorldDifficult(Solidity)

PoW,tryPoS 25

Yes if PoW,no if PoS Good Large Proven No KYC High

Hashgraph(Hedera) USA Swirlds

Medium (Java,

Solidity)Gossip of

gossip 100 000

Yes if permission-based, No if

permissionlessTied toSwirlds Medium

Not a current

objective

KYC + AML + SAFT

regulated Medium

NEO ChinaChina /

OnChainEasy

(C#, Java…) dBFT 1000To be

confirmedTied to China /

OnChain Medium Proven No KYC Medium

ICON Switzerland

South Korea /

LoopChainEasy

(Python) LFTBetter than Ethereum

Tobe confirmed

Tied to South Korea /

LoopChain MediumTo be

confirmedKYC & AML Low

Cardano Switzerland JapanDifficult (Haskell)

PoS(Ouroboros,

formally proven)

To be confirmed

Formallyproven Medium Medium

Not yet ready KYC Medium

Tezos SwitzerlandUS/France

…Difficult

(Michelson)

DPoS(staking,

governance) 40

Formal verification

friendly Good Medium

Not a current

objectiveKYC & AML Medium

Programmability• The following questions may be asked when selecting a DLT:

• Does the DLT uses a well-known programming level with high-level bug and security checks?• Does the DLT provides an Integrated Development Environment (IDE)?• How big is the developers community?• Are all the DLT components open-source?• Are there any restricting patents?• How does the governance work?• Does the DLT use peer-reviewed cryptography?• How many other projects/dApp have successfully used the DLT?• How many projects/dApps built with the DLT have been successfully attacked due to bugs or security holes?• Does the DLT have a testnet separated from the mainnet?

• Is it easy to use the testnet?• Does the DLT have a detailed blocks/transactions explorer?• Does the DLT provide an open-source wallet?• Is it possible to create privatenets for testing purposes?• Does the DLT have an emulator?• Does the DLT have an active open-source repository?

• Including a test suite (unit tests…)?• Including active bugs treatments? • Including detailed documentation, at least in English?• Including tested templates, e.g., ICO smart contracts or tokens generation templates (ERC20, NEP-5…)?9

Thanks for your attention!

Jean-Marc.Seigneur@reputaction.com

https://www.reputaction.com

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