dl prospectus 30 oct 2001.doc

The Centre for Social Ethics and PolicySchool of Law

The University of Manchester

Distributed Learning

MA/Postgraduate Diplomain Health Care Ethics & Law

Prospectus

February 2002 Intake

M.A./Postgraduate Diploma in Health Care Ethics & Law by Distributed Learning Prospectus

CONTENTS

Part 1

NATURE OF M.A./POSTGRADUATE DIPLOMA PROGRAMMESProgramme aimsProgramme objectivesProgramme Content, Design, and OrganizationPostgraduate DiplomaM.A.Normal Entry Qualifications Postgraduate Diploma in Health Care Ethics and LawM.A. in Health Care Ethics and LawOther Entry RequirementsInternet and emailLanguage SkillsBuying booksTHE CENTRE FOR SOCIAL ETHICS AND POLICY (CSEP) STAFF

Part 2

COURSE UNIT OUTLINESMoral Philosophy I & IIMedico-Legal Problems I & IIMedico-Legal Problems in PracticeHealth Care Ethics in PracticeResearch EthicsEthics and Genetics

© University of Manchester, 20011


Part 1NATURE OF M.A./POSTGRADUATE DIPLOMA

PROGRAMMES

Programme aims

The general aim is to provide the highest quality of training in health care ethics and health care law in a flexible, interdisciplinary way. This course caters to the practical needs of health care and legal professionals, and those in related fields, by training them to apply moral and legal theory to real world scenarios in a diverse range of contexts.

Programme objectives

By the end of the programme students will possess: a comprehensive understanding of the major theoretical bases of the principles of health care

ethics and law;

the ability to analyse in depth the real implications of moral and legal theories especially theories of justice for society and the individual;

an extensive understanding of central ethical issues including autonomy, consent, the moral status of the fetus, resource allocation, euthanasia, organ transplantation, withdrawal of treatment, genetic testing, HIV testing, genetic manipulation, stem cell research, and research ethics;

an extensive understanding of central issues in medical law including consent, refusal of treatment, confidentiality, medical malpractice, competency, the legal status of the fetus, death, dying and the law, access to health care and clinical negligence.

Programme Content, Design, and Organization

Both the MA and the Postgraduate Diploma in Health Care Ethics and Law comprise of eight Course Units. The delivery of the Course Units is via interactive learning texts which guide you through the areas of study and point you in the direction of further reading. Both MA and Postgraduate Diploma students will be required to complete 2 Course Units every 16 weeks. These Course Units are made up of 10 Sections each which represent the equivalent of about an hour and a half lecture with reading (usually around 2-3 papers or chapters). At the end of each Course Unit students are required to submit a essay of around 4,000 words. There are eight Course Units in all that will be completed over the 2 years. Each individual Course Unit carries a credit value of 15 credits.

The programme structure for the February 2002 intake is as follows:

February 2002Moral Philosophy I Medico-Legal Problems IMarch

April© University of Manchester, 20012


MayJune

Moral Philosophy II Medico-Legal Problems II

July August SeptemberOctober

Cases from Health Care Practice

Cases from Medico-Legal Practice

NovemberDecemberJanuary 2003February

Research Ethics Ethics and GeneticsMarch AprilMayJune

M.ADissertation

by independent research

JulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecemberJanuary 2004

Postgraduate Diploma40% represents a pass for the Postgraduate Diploma. The Postgraduate Diploma may only be conferred upon a person who has satisfied the Examiners in assessment of all eight required Course Units.

M.A.The M.A. in Health Care Ethics and Law has the same requirement for the successful completion of the eight Course Units as for the Postgraduate Diploma, but with 50% representing a pass for the M.A.

In addition, candidates for the M.A. must successfully complete a dissertation by independent research of between 15,000 and 20,000 words. The M.A. dissertation is rated at 60 credits, giving a total credit rating for the M.A. of 180 credits. While all eight Course Units must be completed before permission can be granted for a candidate to proceed to the dissertation, students should inform the Course Director of their choice of subject by February of their second year.

The M.A. may only be conferred upon a person who has satisfied the Examiners in assessment of all eight required Course Units, and in assessment of the dissertation. Candidates for the M.A. who fail to satisfy the Examiners in the requirements for the M.A. may apply to have their assessed performance considered for the award of the Postgraduate Diploma.

Normal Entry Qualifications Postgraduate Diploma in Health Care Ethics and LawApplications for admission to the Postgraduate Diploma in Health Care Ethics and Law will be considered from those who hold professional qualifications in any of the health care and



legal/paralegal professions, and can demonstrate progression in their career over at least 3 years. Candidates may be asked to provide 2 or 3 examples of their written work.

M.A. in Health Care Ethics and LawApplications for admission to the M.A. in Health Care Ethics and Law will be considered from those who hold relevant first degrees. Degrees considered relevant for study in this interdisciplinary field cover a very wide spectrum. Candidates without a first degree may register initially for the Postgraduate Diploma in Health Care Ethics and Law and will be considered for transfer to the M.A. mid-session subject to completion of three Core course units at 50% or above.

Other Entry RequirementsInternet and emailAccess to the internet and email is essential for this programme.

Language SkillsStudents must be proficient in English for this programme.

Buying booksOver the two years of the programme students must be prepared to buy the books recommended in the Course Units these are:

Year 1 Margaret Brazier, Medicine, Patients and the Law, [2nd Edition] (London: Penguin, 1992)

Tom L. Beauchamp & James F. Childress, Principles of Biomedical Ethics [5th

edition] (New York: Oxford University Press, 2001)

John Harris, The Value of Life (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1985,1991) John Harris(Ed.), Bioethics, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001) Raanan Gillon, Philosophical Medical Ethics (London: John Wiley & Sons on behalf of the

British Medical Journal, 1986) J.K. Mason and A. McCall Smith, Law and Medical Ethics, [5th Edition] (London, Butterworths:

1999)

You may also find it useful to buy:

I. Kennedy & A. Grubb, Medical Law Text and Materials [3rd edition] (London: Butterworths 2000)*

*This book contains extracts from most of the relevant law reports and is extremely useful but rather expensive at around £50. You can access most of the law reports through the internet.

Year 2 [It is advisable to wait before buying these books, it may be that a better alternative becomes available in time for the second year courses] Justine C. Burley & John Harris (Eds.) A Companion To Genethics: philosophy and the genetic

revolution (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 2001) Len Doyal (Ed.) Informed Consent (London: British Medical Journal, 2001) Donald Evans & Martyn Evans, A Decent Proposal – Ethical Review of Clinical Research

(Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 1996) John Harris, Clones, Genes and Immortality (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998)

THE CENTRE FOR SOCIAL ETHICS AND POLICY (CSEP) STAFF© University of Manchester, 20014


Rebecca Bennett is Lecturer in Bioethics and a Fellow of the Institute of Medicine, Law and Bioethics. She was formerly Research Fellow on the Commission of the European Communities’ Biomedicine and Health Research Programme (BIOMED 2) Project Communicable Diseases, Lifestyles, and Personal Responsibility - Ethics and Rights, and Research Fellow on the BIOMED 1 Project AIDS: Ethics, Justice And European Policy. She is currently developing materials for the M.A. / Postgraduate Diploma in Health Care Ethics and Law by Distributed Learning. She has published widely on diverse issues in bioethics and her recent publications include: (with John Harris) ‘Dementia and End of Life Dilemmas’, in Ames, D., Burns, A. & O’Brien (eds.), Dementia [Second Edition] (Chapman and Hall, in press); ‘Should we Routinely Test Pregnant Women for HIV?’ in Rebecca Bennett & Charles A. Erin (eds.), HIV and AIDS: Testing, Screening and Confidentiality, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999); and (with John Harris) ‘Restoring Natural Function: Access to Infertility Treatment Using Donated Gametes’, Human Fertility, 2 (1999) 18-21.

Margaret Brazier, Professor of Law, OBE 1997, LL.B. 1971, Barrister 1973, F.R.S.A. 1993. She is President of the Society of Public Teachers of Law. Her research and teaching interests centre on the law of torts, and on medical law and ethics. In those contexts she has published Medicine Patients and the Law (2nd edition, 1992), Protecting the Vulnerable: Autonomy and Consent in Health Care (1991, with Mary Lobjoit), has been responsible for the 8th and 9th editions of Street on Torts, and has been an editor since 1974 of Clerk and Lindsell on Torts, becoming the General Editor in 1990. She chaired the Home Office Animal Procedures Committee from 1993 - 1998 and she sits on the Nuffield Council on Bioethics. She was a member of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists’ Working Party on Fetal Awareness in 1997 and recently chaired the Review of Surrogacy Arrangements on behalf of the Department of Health. She is the Legal Studies Director of the Centre for Social Ethics and Policy, a director of the Institute of Medicine, Law and Bioethics, and a member of the Advisory Board for Medical Ethics at Keele University. She is a member of the editorial boards of the Medical Law Review, Medical Law International, the Journal of Medical Ethics, and Professional Negligence.

Caroline Bridge, Senior Lecturer in Law, B.A., LL.B. 1983, LL.M. 1987, Barrister and Solicitor (New Zealand). Formerly: Lecturer in Law, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand; consultant on matrimonial property to the New Zealand Royal Commission on Social Policy, 1987. Her research interests centre on family and child law, and medico-legal issues. She is presently acting as a member of the Lord Chancellor’s Department Research Programme team evaluating Information Provisions and Associated Meetings within the Family Law Act 1996. She is also Editor of the Family Law Reports and writer of Case Comments for Family Law.

Charles A. Erin, B.Sc. (Wales), M.Sc. (London), M.Sc. and Ph.D. (Manchester) is Senior Lecturer in Applied Philosophy, and a Fellow of the Institute of Medicine, Law and Bioethics. He is Programme Director for the M.A. and Postgraduate Diploma in Health Care Ethics and Law by Distributed Learning. He has published on diverse issues in bioethics, and his current research interests include self ownership, the commodification of the human body, freedom of movement, and the relationship between human values and rational arguments.

Marie Fox, LL.B. 1985, M.Jur. 1987, is Senior Lecturer in Law, and Examinations Officer for the School of Law. She was formerly Lecturer in Law, University of Lancaster (1987-88) and Queen’s University of Belfast (1988-93). She is co-author (with McHale and Murphy) of Health Care Law: Text with Materials (Sweet and Maxwell 1997) and (with Christine Bell) of Learning Legal Skills (3rd edition, 1999). Her main research interests are in feminist legal theory, animal rights, reproductive choice, and clinical research. She sits on the Ethics Committee of the British Medical Association.

John Harris, B.A., D.Phil., is Sir David Alliance Professor of Bioethics. Professor Harris is Programme Director for the M.A. and for the Postgraduate Diploma in Health Care Ethics and Law. He is a member of the Ethics Committee of the British Medical Association, a Founder Director of the International Association of Bioethics, a founder member of the Board of the journal Bioethics and a member of the Editorial Board of the Journal of Medical Ethics and a number of other journals. He frequently appears on radio and television both in the United Kingdom and overseas to discuss Biomedical Ethics and related



issues. He has acted as Ethical Consultant to national and international bodies and corporations including the European Parliament, The World Health Organisation, The European Commission, The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), The Health Council of the Netherlands, The British Fluoridation Society, and Granada Television. He is the Series Editor of ‘Social Ethics and Policy’ published by the international publishers Routledge, and is the founder and a General Editor of a major new series of books for Oxford University Press entitled ‘Issues in Biomedical Ethics’. He has recently completed (as Project Director) three research projects for the Commission of the European Communities under their Biomedical and Health Research Programme (DGXII). He is a member of the United Kingdom Government Advisory Committee on Gene Testing. John Harris is the author or editor of twelve books and over one hundred and thirty papers. Among his major publications are: Violence & Responsibility (Routledge & Kegan Paul, London, Boston & Henley 1980), pp.177; The Value Of Life (Routledge, London, Boston, Melbourne & Henley, 1985, 1989, 1990, 1992 &1994) pp.281; (edited with Anthony Dyson) Ethics and Biotechnology (Routledge, London 1994) pp.274; Clones, Genes and Immortality (Oxford University Press 1998) pp.328; and (edited with Søren Holm) The Future of Human Reproduction (Clarendon Press, Oxford 1998) pp254.

Søren Holm, B.A. (Copenhagen), M.A. (Manchester), M.D. (Copenhagen), Ph.D. (Copenhagen), Dr. Med. Sci. (Copenhagen) is Professor of Clinical Bioethics at the Institute of Medicine, Law and Bioethics and the Centre for Social Ethics and Policy at the University of Manchester, and is Honorary Registrar in the Department of Medical Oncology, Christie Hospital, where he works in the ovarian cancer clinic. Professor Holm is the Programme Director for the Intercalated B.Sc. in Health Care Ethics and Law. He is a former member of the Danish Council of Ethics, and has chaired working groups of the Council on a number of issues including Resource Allocation in the Danish Health Care System, Compulsory Treatment and Care in Psychiatry, The Conditions of the Demented Elderly, and Transplantation issues. He is the author of Ethical Problems In Clinical Practice – The Ethical Reasoning Of Health Care Professionals (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1997), and co-editor (with Inez de Beaufort and Medard Hilhorst) of In the Eye of the Beholder – Ethics and Medical Change of Appearance (Oslo: Scandinavian University Press, 1996), and (with John Harris) of The Future Of Human Reproduction – Ethics, Choice and Regulation (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1998), and many articles on conceptual and empirical issues in bioethics.

Diana Kloss, LL.B. 1959, LL.M. 1960, Barrister 1986, is Senior Lecturer in Law. Her main research and teaching interests lie in the fields of employment law and health services law. She is part-time Chairman of Industrial Tribunals and is on the ACAS Panel of independent arbitrators. The second edition of her book Occupational Health Law was published by Blackwells in 1994. She was formerly a non-Executive Director of an NHS trust and of a Family Health Services Authority, and is currently on two national Department of Health Committees on AIDS and Health Care Workers with blood-borne viruses. She also has a part-time practice at the Bar.

Dr Simon Woods is Lecturer in Bioethics at the Institute of Medicine, Law and Bioethics and at the Centre for Social Ethics and Policy, University of Manchester.. He has a background in the ethics of nursing and in palliative care.

Part 2COURSE UNIT OUTLINES



Moral Philosophy I & II

Materials developed by Rebecca BennettOriginal taught Course Units developed by John HarrisCourse Unit Tutors: Rebecca Bennett & John Harris

Introduction

This Course Unit constitutes a rigorous introduction to Moral Philosophy and provides a comprehensive grounding for its application to the problems and dilemmas of Health Care.

The importance of Medical Ethics does not lie in its ability to provide simple answers in advance to the difficult problems faced by health care professionals and others. It lies, rather, in its ability

to widen awareness of the issues involved and sensitivity to them; to clarify one’s thinking about these issues; to work out the full consequences of possible moral positions, to see if they are acceptable;

and to develop skill in testing whether arguments really prove what they claim to prove, and in

distinguishing proof from rhetoric.

Although, of course, in doing this it will inevitably indicate better or worse, more or less fruitful approaches, and even come to some conclusions.]

AimsThe aims of this Course Unit are:

To provide students with a set of conceptual tools. To demonstrate how these tools may can be applied to a range of health care related issues.

ObjectivesAt the end of this Course Unit you should:

have a good understanding of relevance of moral philosophy to decision making in a medical setting.

have developed your appreciation and understanding of moral philosophy and it’s use when applied in the context of medical decision making.

be acquainted with philosophical arguments in the context of a ‘practical’ medical dilemma. have developed your skills in understanding and presenting clear arguments.

Course Unit Outline: Moral Philosophy ISection 1: What is the relevance of Moral Philosophy in the context of Health Care?Section 2: Background: The History of Bioethics; Theoretical Approaches; Law and EthicsSection 3: Beings, human beings and personsSection 4: The Status of the Embryo and its Implications for AbortionSection 5: Respect for Persons: Autonomy, Consent and ConfidentialitySection 6: Paternalism, Autonomy and Respect for Persons



Section 7: HIV/AIDS: Ethics, Justice and Social PolicySection 8: Resource AllocationSection 9: Death: Definitions of DeathSection 10: Euthanasia: Can killing be a caring thing to do?

Course Unit Outline: Moral Philosophy IISection 1: Communicable disease and ethics Section 2: Competency and consentSection 3: Bioethics and the Faith Traditions Section 4: Organ TransplantationSection 5: Access to fertility treatmentSection 6: Are there lives not worth living? When is it morally wrong to reproduce?Section 7: Rights ISection 8: Rights IISection 9: Autonomy and PregnancySection 10: Is there a right to remain in ignorance?

Assessment

The assessment for both Moral Philosophy I and II will be by completion of an essay of no more than 5,000 words for each Course Unit. The essay topic will be provided by the tutor of these Course Units.

ReadingBooksIt is suggested that you buy the following four books for this Course Unit. Much of the essential reading for this Course Unit is contained within these four books.



John Harris, The Value of Life (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1985,1991) John Harris (Ed.), Bioethics, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001) Raanan Gillon, Philosophical Medical Ethics (London: John Wiley & Sons on behalf of the

British Medical Journal, 1986)

You will also be directed to read sections from the two books it is recommended that you buy for the Medico-Legal Problems I Course Unit, namely:

Margaret Brazier, Medicine, Patients and the Law, [2nd Edition] (London: Penguin, 1992) J.K. Mason and A. McCall Smith, Law and Medical Ethics, [5th Edition] (London, Butterworths:

1999)

Further ReadingMost of the essential reading for these Course Units can be found in the three recommended books (see above), the study pack which accompanies these Course Units and through the e-journal service provided by the university library via the internet. You will be directed to the essential reading by the learning text. Suggestions for further reading will also be provided in the learning text. However to get the most out of the programme you are expected to do other reading outside of the essential reading provided. If you are unable to access a library with the



resources you need Manchester University Library does provide a large number of e-journals via the internet and also provides a delivery service of other library materials.

Suggestions for further reading for these Course Units can also be found on the John Rylands University Library website at: http://rylibweb.man.ac.uk/data2/readlist/cen_soci/index.html

Medico-Legal Problems I & II

Materials developed by Rebecca BennettOriginal Course Unit developed by Margaret BrazierCourse Unit Tutor: Margaret Brazier

Introduction

This Course Unit constitutes an introduction to Medical Law.


To offer you a sound understanding of the role of the law in regulating health care practice, in identifying and enforcing the rights of patients and in seeking to resolve ethical dilemmas in medicine.

To develop your ability to appreciate how fundamental principles of law are applied in a particularly complex social context and to introduce you to how the law deals with problems of health care ethics.

To provide an introduction to the principle tenets of health care law in the United Kingdom. These include autonomy and consent to treatment, the obligation of confidentiality, justice and access to health care and malpractice litigation. The study of these key topics should provide a foundation for subsequent Course Units considering how law approaches other ethical dilemmas of modern medicine such as the reproductive technologies, protection of the embryo, organ transplantation and death.

ObjectivesAt the end of this Course Unit you should

Knowledge Know the relevant case-law, statutory materials and their relationship to ethical debate Be familiar with current literature and research in this controversial area

Skills Have enhanced your skills in analysing the role of law in areas of social concern and

controversy Have been exposed to a range of relevant literature and developed your own research skills Have established the foundation to elect to undertake further independent study in greater

depth

Course Unit Outline: Medico-Legal Problems ISection 1: Law and Health Care PracticeSection 2: Consent to treatment: Autonomy and ConsentSection 3: Consent to treatment: Informed Consent


http://rylibweb.man.ac.uk/data2/readlist/cen_soci/index.html


Section 4: Refusal of treatment; competence to consent and treating mentally incapacitated patientsSection 5: Confidentiality and Health CareSection 6: Confidentiality and Privacy Section 7: Medical Malpractice (I)Section 8: Medical Malpractice (II)Section 9: Access to Health Care (I)Section 10: Access to Health Care (II)

Course Unit Outline: Medico-Legal Problems IISection 1: Parents, Children and the LawSection 2: Parental Responsibility and InfantsSection 3: Neonates: a special caseSection 4: Adolescent autonomySection 5: Mental disorder and minorsSection 6: The legal status of the unborn child Section 7: Abortion and embryo researchSection 8: Criminal Law and Medical MalpracticeSection 9: Death, Dying and the Law (I)Section 10: Death, Dying and the Law (II)

AssessmentMedico-Legal Problems IYou will be assessed in two ways: firstly, a 2,500 word essay AND secondly, a case-study to be written up at the end of the semester. The essay topic and information regarding the case study assessment will be provided by the tutor of this Course Unit.

Medico-Legal Problems I

The assessment for Medico-Legal Problems II will be by completion of an essay of no more than 4,000 words. The essay topic will be provided by the tutor of these Course Units.

ReadingBooksIt is suggested that you buy the following two books for this Course Unit. Much of the essential reading for this Course Unit is contained within these two books.


1999)

Law ReportsThis Course Unit places great emphasis on the primary sources, in particular the judgments of the courts. Hence, you will be expected to become familiar with the Law Reports. You can access most of the law reports referred to in this Course Section via the internet at:



http://web.lexis-nexis.com/professional/

http://www.westlaw.co.uk

References will also be supplied to the details of these cases in:

I. Kennedy & A. Grubb, Medical Law Text and Materials [3rd edition] (London: Butterworths 2000).

Further ReadingMost of the essential reading for these Course Units can be found in the three recommended books (see above), the study pack which accompanies these Course Units and through the e-journal service provided by the university library via the internet. You will be directed to the essential reading by the learning text. Suggestions for further reading will also be provided in the learning text. However to get the most out of the programme you are expected to do other reading outside of the essential reading provided. If you are unable to access a library with the resources you need Manchester University Library does provide a large number of e-journals via the internet and also provides a delivery service of other library materials.

Medico-Legal Problems in Practice

Materials developed by Rebecca BennettOriginal course unit developed by Margaret Brazier and Charles A. ErinCourse Unit Tutors: Rebecca Bennett and Margaret Brazier

IntroductionThis Course Unit aims to allow you to apply what you have learned in the Medico-Legal Problems (and to a lesser extent Moral Philosophy) Course Unit to the real world. The Sections of this Course Unit are predominantly activity based, usually asking you to look at particular cases (both real and fictitious) and use, develop and test your knowledge of the law by answering questions arising from these cases. As such this Course Unit differs considerably from other Course Units, for example, Medico-Legal Problems, in that the overwhelming emphasis is on your input to the Section.

It is therefore essential that you have completed the whole of the Medico-Legal Problems Course Unit (including any required reading) before attempting this Course Unit.

AimsThe aims of these course units are:

To allow you to use, develop and test your knowledge of medical law To draw out the relevance of medico-legal theory to the kind of issues that health care

professionals and medical lawyers may expect to encounter during their professional lives. To develop skills necessary to resolve real medico-legal dilemmas.

ObjectivesAt the end of these course unit you should:


http://www.westlaw.co.uk/



be able to identify which medico-legal theoretical approaches are most appropriate to the successful resolution of a particular real issue;

be able to apply with confidence the theory you will have mastered in the Medico-Legal Problems Course Unit to real life cases;

have developed an enhanced ability to resolve the kinds of legal issues you may expect to encounter in your working life.

Course Unit Outline: Medico-Legal Problems in PracticeSection 1: Litigation and Health Care Practice (1)Section 2: Litigation and Health Care Practice (2)Section 3: Autonomy and ConsentSection 4: Informed ConsentSection 5: Decision-making and Mentally Disabled Patients Section 6: Confidentiality and Health CareSection 7: Clinical NegligenceSection 8: Challenging NHS Decision-MakingSection 9: Death, Dying and the LawSection 10: Developing Legal Skills

AssessmentAssessment will be by one essay of no more than 5,000 words. The essay topics may be chosen from the list included on page 10 of these Section notes.

ReadingBooksYou will find it useful to refer back to the books you were required to buy for the Medico-Legal Problems Course Unit:


1999)

Law ReportsThis Course Unit places great emphasis on the primary sources, in particular the judgments of the courts. Hence, you will be expected to become familiar with the Law Reports. You can access most of the law reports referred to in this Course Section via the internet at:


http://www.westlaw.co.uk

References will also be supplied to the details of these cases in:

I. Kennedy & A. Grubb, Medical Law Text and Materials [3rd edition] (London: Butterworths 2000).

It is also highly recommended that you refer back to the relevant Sections of the Medico-Legal Problems Course Unit when completing this Course Unit.

Further Reading© University of Manchester, 200112

http://www.westlaw.co.uk/



Most of the essential reading for these Course Units can be found in the three recommended books (see above), the study pack which accompanies these Course Units and through the e-journal service provided by the university library via the internet. You will be directed to the essential reading by the learning text. Suggestions for further reading will also be provided in the learning text. However to get the most out of the programme you are expected to do other reading outside of the essential reading provided. If you are unable to access a library with the resources you need Manchester University Library does provide a large number of e-journals via the internet and also provides a delivery service of other library materials.

Suggestions for further reading for this Course Unit can also be found on the John Rylands University Library website at: http://rylibweb.man.ac.uk/data2/readlist/cen_soci/index.html

Health Care Ethics in Practice

Materials developed by Rebecca BennettOriginal Course Unit developed by Charles A. Erin and Mary LobjoitCourse Unit Tutors: Rebecca Bennett and Charles A. Erin

IntroductionThis Course Unit aims to allow you to apply what you have learned in the Moral Philosophy I and II (and to a lesser extent Medico-Legal Problems I and II) Course Units to the real world. The Sections of this Course Unit are predominantly activity based, usually asking you to look at particular cases (both real and fictitious) and use, develop and test your knowledge of the law by answering questions arising from these cases. As such this Course Unit differs considerably from other Course Units, for example, Medico-Legal Problems I and II, in that the overwhelming emphasis is on your input to the Section.

It is therefore essential that you have completed the whole of the Moral Philosophy I and II Course Units (including any required reading) before attempting this Course Unit.

AimsThe aims of these course units are:

To allow you to use, develop and test your knowledge of moral philosophy To draw out the relevance of moral philosophical theory to the kind of issues that health care

professionals may expect to encounter during their professional lives. To develop skills necessary to resolve real moral dilemmas.

ObjectivesAt the end of these course unit you should:

be able to identify which moral philosophical theoretical approaches are most appropriate to the successful resolution of a particular real issue;

be able to apply with confidence the theory you will have mastered in the Moral Philosophy I and II Course Units to real life cases;

have developed an enhanced ability to resolve the kinds of moral issues you may expect to encounter in your working life.

Course Unit Outline: Health Care Ethics in Practice© University of Manchester, 200113



Section 1: Organ DonationSection 2: Enforced CaesareansSection 3: SurrogacySection 4: Communication between Health Carers and PatientsSection 5: Re A: The Case of the Manchester Conjoined TwinsSection 6: Competence and End of Life Decision-MakingSection 7: Euthanasia in Practice: The NetherlandsSection 8: Nursing EthicsSection 9: The Non-Treatment of Malformed InfantsSection 10: Reproductive Technologies

AssessmentAssessment will be by one essay of no more than 4,000 words. The essay topics may be chosen from the list included on page 10 of these Section notes.

ReadingBooksYou will find it useful to refer back to the books you were required to buy for the Moral Philosophy I and II Course Units:



John Harris, The Value of Life (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1985,1991) John Harris (Ed.), Bioethics, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001) Raanan Gillon, Philosophical Medical Ethics (London: John Wiley & Sons on behalf of the

British Medical Journal, 1986)

It is also highly recommended that you refer back to relevant Sections of the Moral Philosophy I and II Course Units when completing this Course Unit.


Suggestions for further reading for this Course Unit can also be found on the John Rylands University Library website at: http://rylibweb.man.ac.uk/data2/readlist/cen_soci/index.html

Research Ethics

Materials developed by Rebecca BennettCourse Unit Tutors: Rebecca Bennett, Søren Holm and Simon Woods

Introduction© University of Manchester, 200114



This Course Unit provides a comprehensive understanding of modern research ethics with a focus on biomedical research ethics.

It builds on the understanding of moral and legal argument developed in the previous Course Units Moral Philosophy I & II and Medico-Legal Problems I & II.

Research ethics and its institutionalisation in research ethics committees and research governance frameworks is a practically important area of bioethics that impinges on the lives and activities on many researchers and research participants every day. It is also an area of great public controversy.


To give students in-depth knowledge and understanding of the historical development of research ethics, the main international guidelines in this field, and the main arguments specific to research ethics

To enable the students to analyse research ethics problems independently


Have a good understanding of the history of research ethics. Know the contents of the main international and national guidelines in this field. Have developed an understanding of the main types of arguments used in the research ethics

field, and the main areas of controversy. Be familiar with the function and role of research ethics committees. Have developed skills in analysing research ethics problems.

Course Unit Outline: Research EthicsSection 1: History of research ethics.Section 2: Where are we now: International agreements, guidelines etc. Helsinki, CIOMS.Section 3: Non-health care research, social sciences, animals.Section 4: Ethical implications of research methodsSection 5: Vulnerable groups; children, non-competent adults, 3rd world.Section 6: Re-using data/tissue etc.Section 7: Using unethical data – the Nazi experiments.Section 8: Research ethics committees.Section 9: Scientific honesty.Section 10: UK, EEC and other Law.

AssessmentAssessment will be by one essay of no more than 5,000 words. The essay topic can be chosen from a range of topics provided by the tutor of this Course Unit.




Doyal, L. (Ed.) Informed Consent (London: British Medical Journal, 2001) Donald Evans & Martyn Evans, A Decent Proposal – Ethical Review of Clinical Research

(Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 1996)

You will also find it useful to refer back to the books you were required to buy for the Medico-Legal Problems I and II Course Units:


1999)


Ethics and Genetics

Materials developed by Rebecca BennettCourse Unit Tutors: Rebecca Bennett and John Harris

IntroductionThis Course Unit constitutes a rigorous introduction to the ethical and social policy issues that arise in connection with genetics broadly conceived.

The importance of Ethics does not lie in its ability to provide simple answers in advance to the difficult problems that the understanding of genetics and of advances in genetic science pose for individuals and society. It lies, rather, in its ability

to widen awareness of the issues involved and sensitivity to them; to clarify one’s thinking about these issues; to work out the full consequences of possible moral positions, to see if they are acceptable;

and to develop skill in testing whether arguments really prove what they claim to prove, and in

distinguishing proof from rhetoric.

Although, of course, in doing this it will inevitably indicate better or worse, more or less fruitful approaches, and even come to some conclusions.]


To provide students with a set of conceptual tools. To demonstrate how these tools may can be applied to a range of issues in genetics and in

the application of genetic science to society.




have a good understanding of relevance of ethics to decision making in the context of genetics and the applications of genetic science.

have developed your appreciation and understanding of the ethical issue raised by genetics and it’s use when applied in the context of medical decision making and in the social policy dimensions of the applications of genetics.

be acquainted with philosophical arguments in the context of ‘practical’ dilemmas as they arise in the context of medical genetics and the applications of genetic science in society more generally.

have developed your skills in understanding and presenting clear arguments.

Course Unit Outline: Ethics and GeneticsSection 1: Genetic informationSection 2: Consent to acquisition and use of informationSection 3: Insurance and employment/The Human Tissue archive Section 4: Genetic Manipulation Section 5: Stem cell research and therapySection 6: Tissue Banking Section 7: Species survival, species revival Section 8: Research on Animals Section 9: Genetically Modified Organisms Section 10: Global Justice

AssessmentAssessment will be by one essay of no more than 5,000 words. The essay topic can be chosen from a range of topics provided by the tutor of this Course Unit.


Justine C. Burley and John Harris (Eds.) A Companion To Genethics: philosophy and the genetic revolution (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 2001).

John Harris. Clones Genes and Immortality (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998)

Further ReadingMost of the essential reading for these Course Units can be found in the three recommended books (see above), the study pack which accompanies these Course Units and through the e-journal service provided by the university library via the internet. You will be directed to the essential reading by the learning text. Suggestions for further reading will also be provided in the learning text. However to get the most out of the programme you are expected to do other reading outside of the essential reading provided. If you are unable to access a library with the



resources you need Manchester University Library does provide a large number of e-journals via the internet and also provides a delivery service of other library materials.

Further InformationFor further information regarding the MA or Postgraduate Diploma in Health Care Ethics and Law contact:

Rebecca BennettLecturer in BioethicsThe Centre for Social Ethics and LawSchool of LawUniversity of ManchesterWilliamson BuildingOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUnited Kingdom

Tel: 0161 275 2489/ Fax: 0161 2757704/Email: [email protected]

Details and a sample Learning Text Section are also available online at:

http://les.man.ac.uk/law/dl.htm


http://les.man.ac.uk/law/dl.htm

mailto:[email protected]

dl prospectus 30 oct 2001.doc

Documents