diversity report 2018

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Reg. no. UFV 2020/1006

Diversity Report 2018

National background and sex of employees, students and doctoral students within the Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy

Sender: HR division and the Disciplinary Domain Board of Medicine and Pharmacy 02/06/2020.

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Table of Contents

Foreword ...................................................................................................................................................................... 5

0. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................... 6

Structure ............................................................................................................................................................... 6

Definitions ............................................................................................................................................................ 6

Employees, doctoral students, and students ................................................................................................... 6

Duplicates among employees and students .................................................................................................... 7

Swedish or foreign background ........................................................................................................................ 7

No match .......................................................................................................................................................... 7

Sex .................................................................................................................................................................... 7

Occupational groups......................................................................................................................................... 7

Acronyms and abbreviations ............................................................................................................................ 8

Part I –Diversity among employees .............................................................................................................................. 9

1 Employees in the Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy ........................................................................ 10

Swedish or foreign background .......................................................................................................................... 10

Region of birth .................................................................................................................................................... 12

Country of Birth .................................................................................................................................................. 15

Sex and background ........................................................................................................................................... 16

Heads of department ......................................................................................................................................... 19

2 Employees at the Faculty of Pharmacy .............................................................................................................. 20


Regions of birth .................................................................................................................................................. 21

Country of Birth .................................................................................................................................................. 25


3 Employees in each department .......................................................................................................................... 34


Regions of birth .................................................................................................................................................. 36

Country of Birth .................................................................................................................................................. 39


4 Students at each faculty ..................................................................................................................................... 41


Regions of birth .................................................................................................................................................. 42

Country of Birth .................................................................................................................................................. 44


5 Students in each study programme ................................................................................................................... 48


Regions of birth .................................................................................................................................................. 52

Country of Birth .................................................................................................................................................. 55

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6 Doctoral students in the disciplinary domain .................................................................................................... 62


Regions of birth .................................................................................................................................................. 63

Country of birth .................................................................................................................................................. 63


7 Concluding reflections ........................................................................................................................................ 66

Students .............................................................................................................................................................. 68


Representativeness index .................................................................................................................................. 69

Calculation of the representativeness index .................................................................................................. 69

Representativeness index for employees ...................................................................................................... 70

Representativeness index for students .......................................................................................................... 71

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Foreword

Uppsala University aims to be a place where everyone – regardless of background – can work

and/or study on equal terms. In addition, the University aims to be an attractive higher

education institution for qualified researchers, teachers, doctoral students, and students from

all over the world.

Uppsala University has previously produced diversity reports that provide an overall picture of

the distribution of the University’s employees, doctoral students and students based on their

national background and sex.

The Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy has decided to produce its own information in

this regard within its own organisation. This report was commissioned by the Committee on Equal

Opportunities of the Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy and its intention is to support

equal opportunity efforts within the disciplinary domain.

All faculties, departments and study programmes within the disciplinary domain are covered by this

report. What are the distributions of employees in different occupational groups, doctoral students

and students based on their national background and sex? Diversity among employees is reported

per faculty and department, and among students per faculty and study programme.

The data on which this report was based are anonymised tables ordered from Statistics Sweden (SCB).

Employees at the Human Resources Division and Student Affairs and Academic Registry Division

participated in drawing up the statistics order submitted to SCB. The Committee on Equal

Opportunities and staff at the Office for Medicine and Pharmacy have provided their comments

on the statistics order submitted to SCB and on the content of this report.

This report was written by Hooshang Bazrafshan, equal opportunities specialist at the Human

Resources Division. Hooshang was also the project manager and responsible for the statistics order

submitted to SCB.

Hooshang Bazrafshan

Equal opportunities specialist

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0. Introduction

To date, Uppsala University has produced two diversity reports. One is from 2010 and the other

from 2016. These two reports give an overall picture of the distributions of employees and

students at the University based on their national background and sex. 1

The present report focuses on this situation at various levels within the Disciplinary

Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy.

The content of this report is based on statistics sourced from Statistics Sweden (SCB). In order

to safeguard the privacy of individuals, SCB has reviewed the quality of the statistics and

delivered the statistics in anonymised tables.

Data in the Human Resources Division’s database Primula were used as the basis for the diversity

statistics order concerning employees, and data in the Student Affairs and Academic Registry

Division’s database Ladok were used for the diversity statistics order for students and doctoral

students2.

Structure

This report has three parts: Part I describes diversity among employees, Part II describes diversity

among students, and Part III diversity among doctoral students. Diversity among employees is

reported first at the disciplinary domain level, then at the faculty level, and finally at the department

level.

Diversity among students is also reported first at the disciplinary domain level and then at

faculty level, but instead of the department level, finally at the study programme level.

Doctoral students who are employed by Uppsala University are included in the reporting of

diversity among employees. In order to also include doctoral students who are not employed by

the University, Part III reports on diversity among all active doctoral students.

Diversity among employees, students and doctoral students is reported first by Swedish or

foreign background, then by region of birth and country of birth. In all cases, the breakdown by

sex and background is also described.

Definitions The following definitions describe what this report means by employees, doctoral students and

students, as well as persons with Swedish background and persons with foreign background. This is

followed by an account of how duplicates within each group have been handled, and which

employees are included in each of the seven occupational groups that the disciplinary domain has

been divided into. The descriptions of these occupational groups are based on the codes (BESTA

codes) used by the Swedish Agency for Government Employers for the categorisation of public

sector employees.3

Employees, doctoral students, and students Employees means all those who had permanent, part-time, or temporary employment

within the disciplinary domain on 20 December 2018.

1 Diversity Report 2010 (Reg. No. UFV 2011/556) and Diversity Report 2016 (Reg. No. UFV 2017/595) 2 More than 60 per cent of all active doctoral students are not employed by Uppsala University and therefore these doctoral students are not registered in the Primula database. 3 For more information (in Swedish only), see: https://www.arbetsgivarverket.se/besta/

https://www.arbetsgivarverket.se/besta/

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Doctoral students means doctoral (third cycle) students who were active in the disciplinary

domain in the autumn semester of 2018, including doctoral students who were not

employed by Uppsala University.

Students means registered students in the disciplinary domain for the autumn semester of 2018.

This population includes all entering, continuing and re-enrolling first and second cycle (Bachelor’s

and Master’s) students.

Duplicates among employees and students Employee duplicates have been removed at the disciplinary domain level. Duplicates at the

department level have also been removed where an employee held two positions with the same job

description in one and the same department. If an employee held two positions with different job

descriptions in the same department, or two positions with the same job description in two different

departments, both have been retained. Overall, 17 such duplicates have been retained at

department level.

Duplicates among students have been handled in the same way as above. This means that each

student only appears once in this diversity report at disciplinary domain level. If a student has been

registered as a student in two different study programmes, both have been retained.

Swedish or foreign background Swedish background means persons born in Sweden with at least one parent born in Sweden.

Foreign background means persons born outside of Sweden and/or persons born in Sweden

with two parents born outside of Sweden.

No match For a small number of employees (16) and a larger number of students (122), no match was

found in SCB’s population register. Consequently, SCB was not able to supply data about their

national background. The absence of these individuals in SCB’s population register is mainly due

to them not having a complete Swedish personal identity number. Therefore, it can be assumed

that the majority of these individuals are foreign-born, and therefore fit the definition of the

foreign background category.

Sex As in SCB’s statistics, sex is reported on the basis of legal sex.

Occupational groups Diversity among employees is reported for seven occupational groups. These are administrators,

managers, doctoral students, researchers, senior lecturers, other teaching staff, and professors.

Administrators includes employees who are not members of the other occupational groups,

such as technical and administrative staff, administrative assistants, and research assistants.

Managers includes employees who have responsibility for staff such as managers,

administrative managers, or directors.4

4 Heads of department also have responsibility for staff, but are employees with other titles, such as researcher, senior lecturer or professor. For this reason, heads of department cannot be included in the managers occupational group. Instead, diversity among heads of

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Researchers includes employees within the job groups researchers and post-docs.

Senior Lecturers includes employees within the job groups senior lecturer and associate senior lecturer.

Other teaching staff comprises mainly employees within the job group lecturer.

Professors includes employees within the job group professor.

Acronyms and abbreviations The acronyms and abbreviations used in the various parts of this report are explained below:

EU28: The 28 countries that were members of the European Union in 2018.

EU28 (excl. Nordic countries): The EU countries mentioned above excluding the Nordic country Member States.

Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries): European countries other than the EU and Nordic country Member States mentioned above.

Medicine: Faculty of Medicine.

Pharmacy: Faculty of Pharmacy.

Specialist Nursing Programme: The Specialist Nursing Programme including the Midwifery

Programme.5

Faculty of Pharmacy second-cycle (Master’s) programmes:

Master’s Programme in Clinical Pharmacy (60 credits), and Master’s Programme in Drug Management,

Master’s Programme in Pharmaceutical Modelling, Master's Programme in Drug Discovery and

Development, all 120 credits.

Faculty of Medicine second-cycle (Master’s) programmes: Master’s Programme in Advanced Medical Imaging, Master’s Programme in Biomedicine, Master’s Programme in Public Health, Master’s Programme in Forensic Science, Master’s Programme in Global Health, Master’s Programme in Infection Biology, Master’s Programme in Medical Research, Master’s Programme in Molecular Medicine, Master’s Programme in Medical Nuclide Techniques, all 120 credits.

SCB: Statistics Sweden

department is reported in a separate section. 5 Within the Specialist Nursing Programme, students can choose one of the following specialisations: Emergency Medicine, Pre-hospital

Emergency Care, Anaesthesia Care, Diabetes Care, Primary Health Care, Cardiac Care, Paediatric Care, Intensive Care, Surgical Care, Oncology Care, Theatre Care, Mental Health Care.

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Part I –Diversity among employees

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1 Employees in the Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy

This chapter describes diversity among employees within the disciplinary domain. The numbers and

proportions of employees are reported first by Swedish or foreign background, then by region of

birth and country of birth, and finally by sex and background.

Swedish or foreign background Table 1.1 shows the numbers and proportions of employees with Swedish background and with

foreign background. The total number of employees was 1,652, of which 1,017 have a Swedish

background and 619 a foreign background. The majority of the employees with Swedish background

were born in Sweden with both parents born in Sweden, while those with a foreign background were

mostly foreign-born. The former group accounts for just over 55 per cent and the latter for 35 per

cent of the employees. The proportion born in Sweden with one parent born in Sweden and one

foreign-born parent was approximately six per cent, while two per cent of employees were born in

Sweden with two foreign-born parents.

In total, almost 62 per cent of the employees had a Swedish background and just over 37 per

cent had a foreign background. For approximately one per cent of the employees, no match was

found in SCB’s population register.

Table 1.1. Employees with Swedish and foreign backgrounds in the disciplinary domain

Swedish background Foreign background No match

Total

Born in Sweden with one parent born in Sweden and one foreign-born parent

Born in Sweden with both parents born in Sweden

Foreign-born Born in Sweden with two foreign-born parents

Number 102 915 585 34 16 1,652

Share (%) 6.2 55.4 35.4 2.1 1.0 100.0

By occupational group Table 1.2 shows the numbers of employees with Swedish background and foreign background in each

occupational group. The three largest groups are administrators (502), researchers (405) and doctoral

students (289). These are followed by professors (199), senior lecturers (146), other teaching staff

(97) and managers (14).

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100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

0 0 7

30

0

20

0 16


40

46

62

70 80 81 84

93

1

37

4 15

59

1

54

1

Table 1.2. Numbers of employees with Swedish and foreign backgrounds in each occupational group

Occupational group

Swedish background Foreign background No

match Total




Administrators 33 318 136 15 0 502

Managers 1 12 0 1 0 14

Doctoral students

14 118 150 5 2 289

Researchers 23 138 234 4 6 405

Senior lecturers 9 108 24 5 0 146

Other teaching staff

6 75 13 3 0 97

Professors 16 146 28 1 8 199

Total 102 915 585 34 16 1,652

Chart 1.1 shows the share of employees with Swedish and foreign backgrounds in each

occupational group. The proportion of employees with each background varies greatly by

occupational group. More doctoral students and researchers have a foreign background

compared to the average for all employees, while other occupational groups show a much

higher proportion of employees with a Swedish background.

More than one in two doctoral students and six out of ten researchers have a foreign background

compared with three out of ten administrators, two out of ten senior lecturers, and not quite one

in ten managers. Approximately 15 per cent of professors and other teaching staff are employees

with a foreign background. If those with no match in SCB’s population register are included, the

proportion of professors with a foreign background increases to 19 per cent.

Chart 1.1. Share of employees with Swedish and foreign backgrounds by occupational group (%)

Administrators Managers Doctoral students Researchers Senior lecturers Other teaching staff Professors Total

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Region of birth Table 1.3 shows the numbers and proportions of employees by region of birth. After Sweden, the

EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) with 225 representatives and Asia with 186 constitute the two

biggest regions of birth. The Nordic countries (except Sweden) come in at fourth place with 55

representatives and in fifth place is Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries) at 42. The numbers

for other regions of birth range from 13 to 24.

This means that nearly 64 per cent of employees were born in Sweden, 14 per cent in the EU28

(excl. Nordic countries) and 11 per cent in Asia, compared with just over three per cent born in

the Nordic countries (except Sweden), 2.5 per cent in Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries),

1.5 per cent in North America or in Africa, and just under one per cent in South America.

Table 1.3. Employees in the disciplinary domain, broken down by region of birth

Sweden Nordic countries*

EU28** Europe*** Africa Asia North America

South America

Rest of the world

No match

Total

Number

1,051

55

225

42

23

186

24

13

17

16

1,652

Share (%)

63.6

3.3

13.6

2.5

1.4

11.3

1.5

0.8

1.0

1.0

100.0

*Nordic countries (except Sweden), **EU28 (excl. Nordic countries), ***Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries)

By occupational group Table 1.4 shows the number of employees in each occupational group by region of birth. Major

differences were found in the distributions of employees in each occupational group by region of

birth. The managers group is comprised only of people born in Sweden. Senior lecturers, other

teaching staff, and professors were mainly born in Sweden, while doctoral students and researchers

are largely foreign-born.

Among the foreign-born employees, the numbers born in the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) and in

Asia are high in most occupational groups. None of the senior lecturers or professors in this

disciplinary domain were born in Africa or South America.

Table 1.4. Number of employees in the disciplinary domain, broken down by region of birth

Occupational group



South America

Rest of the

world

No

match

Total

Administrators 366 16 53 11 7 32 7 6 4 0 502

Managers 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14

Doctoral students

137 10 66 9 7 50 5 1 2 2 289

Researchers 165 15 87 15 9 88 9 5 6 6 405

Senior lecturers 122 1 7 4 0 9 2 0 1 0 146


84 5 0 1 0 5 0 1 1 0 97

Professors 163 8 12 2 0 2 1 0 3 8 199

Total 1,051 55 225 42 23 186 24 13 17 16 1,652


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Table 1.5 shows the share of employees in each occupational group by region of birth.

Administrators

More than seven out of ten administrators (73 per cent) were born in Sweden and one in ten in

the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries). Employees born in Asia account for six per cent of

administrators, in the Nordic countries (except Sweden) for three per cent, in Europe (excl. EU28

and Nordic countries) for two per cent, and in Africa, North and South America for one per cent

each.

Doctoral students

Nearly half of the doctoral students (47 per cent) were born in Sweden, 23 per cent in the EU28

(excl. Nordic countries) and 17 per cent in Asia, compared with three per cent born in the Nordic

countries (except Sweden), three per cent born in Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries) and

around two per cent born in Africa and/or North America.

Researchers

More than four out of ten researchers (41 per cent) were born in Sweden, 21 per cent in the EU28

(excl. Nordic countries) and 22 per cent in Asia, compared with four per cent born in the Nordic

countries (except Sweden), four per cent born in Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries), and

around two per cent born in North America and/or Africa.

Senior lecturers

More than eight out of ten senior lecturers (84 per cent) were born in Sweden, five per cent in the

EU28 (excl. Nordic countries), six per cent in Asia and three per cent in Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic

countries). One per cent of senior lecturers were born in the Nordic countries (except Sweden) and

one per cent in North America. No senior lecturers in the disciplinary domain were born in Africa or in

South America.


Nearly nine out of ten other teaching staff (87 per cent) were born in Sweden, compared to

around five per cent born in the Nordic countries (except Sweden), five per cent born in Asia and

zero per cent in most other regions.

Professors

More than eight out of ten professors (82 per cent) were born in Sweden, six per cent in the EU28

(excl. Nordic countries) and four per cent in the Nordic countries (except Sweden). The remainder

are mainly found in the No match group and born in Rest of the world. No professors in the

disciplinary domain were born in Africa or in South America.

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Table 1.5. Share of employees in each occupational group, broken down by region of birth (%)

Occupational group

Sweden Nordic

countries* EU28** Europe*** Africa Asia

North America

South America

Rest of the

world

No

match Total

Administrators 73 3 11 2 1 6 1 1 1 0 100

Managers 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100

Doctoral students

47 3 23 3 2 17 2 0 1 1 100

Researchers 41 4 21 4 2 22 2 1 1 1 100



87 5 0 1 0 5 0 1 1 0 100

Professors 82 4 6 1 0 1 1 0 2 4 100

Total 64 3 14 3 1 11 1 1 1 1 100


Diversity in each occupational group can also be analysed on the basis of the proportions of those

born in different regions who are administrators, doctoral students, researchers, senior lecturers,

other teaching staff, or professors. This is shown in Table 1.6.

Administrators

On average, 30 per cent of employees fall into the administrators occupational group. A higher

than average proportion of employees born in South America and Sweden are administrators (46

and 35 per cent, respectively). Each of the groups born in Africa, born in the Nordic countries

(except Sweden), and born in North America had roughly the same proportion of administrators

as the average. Employees from other regions work as administrators less frequently. The lowest

proportion of administrators is among employees from Asia (17 per cent).

Doctoral students

Doctoral students account for 17 per cent of all employees on average. Fewer doctoral students than

the average are born in Sweden (13 per cent), or in South America (8 per cent). Those born in the

other regions are more frequently doctoral students than the average. The highest proportions were

found among employees born in Africa, the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) and Asia, ranging between

27 and 30 per cent.

Researchers

Researchers account for 25 per cent of all employees. Researchers born in Sweden are the only

group where the proportion is lower than the average (16 per cent). Among employees born in the

Nordic countries (except Sweden), 27 per cent are researchers, compared with 36-47 per cent of

employees born in the other regions. The proportion of researchers is highest among employees

born in Asia, at 47 per cent.

Senior lecturers

Senior lecturers account for nine per cent of all employees on average. Employees born in Sweden

have the highest proportion of senior lecturers at 12 per cent. Those born in Europe (excl. EU28 and

Nordic countries) also have a higher proportion of senior lecturers than the average, at 10 per cent.

Other groups have less than the average proportion of senior lecturers and none of the senior

lecturers appear to have been born in Africa or in South America.

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This group accounts for six per cent of all employees on average. Those born in Sweden and in the

Nordic countries (except Sweden) are other teaching staff at a rate slightly above the average.

Employees from other regions either work in this occupational group slightly less than the average

or are completely absent in this occupational group.

Professors

Professors account for 12 per cent of all employees on average. Those born in Sweden and in the

Nordic countries (except Sweden) have a higher proportion of professors than the average, at about

16 per cent. Other foreign-born groups are far less well represented among professors and no one

from Africa or South America is included in this occupational group.

Table 1.6. Share of employees in different occupational groups by region of birth (%)

Occupational group



South America

Rest of the world

No match

Total

Administrators 35 29 24 26 30 17 29 46 24 0 30

Managers 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

Doctoral students 13 18 29 21 30 27 21 8 12 13 17

Researchers 16 27 39 36 39 47 38 38 35 38 25



8 9 0 2 0 3 0 8 6 0 6

Professors 16 15 5 5 0 1 4 0 18 50 12

Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100


Country of Birth Chart 1.2 shows the numbers of foreign-born employees in the disciplinary domain from countries with at least ten representatives. They add up to a total of 349, or 66 per cent of all foreign-born employees in the disciplinary domain. They were born in 18 countries, with varying numbers of representatives.

China with 53 representatives, followed by Iran with 44, and Germany with 41 are at the top. India comes next with 35 representatives, Finland with 33, and Greece with 28.

At the next level are the UK with 20 and Italy with 19 representatives. The remaining countries of birth have at most 16 and at least ten representatives. Three of these remaining countries are in Asia, one in North America, and the rest in Europe.

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Chart 1.2 Foreign-born employees in the disciplinary domain from countries with at least 10 representatives

CHINA IRAN GERMANY INDIA FINLAND GREECE Great Britain and Northern Ireland ITALY SPAIN POLAND USA NETHERLANDS RUSSIA DENMARK FRANCE PORTUGAL SOVIET UNION UKRAINE

Sex and background This section describes the breakdown of employees in different occupational groups by sex and

region of birth. As in SCB’s statistics, sex is reported on the basis of legal sex.

More than six out of ten employees in the disciplinary domain are women and nearly four out of

ten are men. All occupational groups apart from professors have more women than men.

The highest proportion of women is in the managers occupational group, at 86 per cent. This is

followed by the other teaching staff occupational group, with a proportion of women amounting to

78 per cent, administrators 74 per cent, senior lecturers 64 per cent and doctoral students 61 per

cent. Professors, on the other hand, are 70 per cent men and 30 per cent women. Researchers,

where the proportion of women is 53 per cent, have the most equal distribution of the sexes.

Chart 1.3. Share of women and men among employees by occupational group (%)

Administrators Managers Doctoral students Researchers Senior lecturers Other teaching staff Professors Total

50

40

30

20

10

0

53 60

44 41

35 33 28

20 19 16 14 14 12 12 11 11 11 10 10

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20

10 0

26 14 22

36 47 39 39

70

74 86 78

64 53 61 61

30

Women Men

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Region of birth Chart 1.4 shows the breakdown of employees born in different regions by sex. The group born in North America is the only group that has equal proportions of women and men. Employees born in South America, Africa, Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries), and Asia also show a relatively equal distribution of women and men. Of those born in Sweden, 63 per cent are women, in the Nordic countries (except Sweden) 69 per cent are women, while in the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) this figure is 61 per cent.

Chart 1.4. Share of women and men among employees born in different regions (%)6

Sweden Nordic countries (except Sweden) EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries) Africa Asia North America South America Rest of the world No match Total

By region of birth and occupational group Table 1.7 shows the share of employees from different regions who are women. The smaller

foreign-born groups have one to three employees in most occupational groups, which ought

to be taken into account when interpreting the percentages in the table.

Born in Sweden

The group born in Sweden has more women than men in all occupational groups except one. In

three occupational groups, the proportion of women is much higher than in others. These are the

occupational groups managers, where women comprise 86 per cent; other teaching staff, where

women comprise 80 per cent; and administrators, with 77 per cent women. Only 26 per cent of

professors are women.

Born in Nordic countries (except Sweden)

This group has more women than men in all occupational groups, except for the occupational

group managers, which has only employees born in Sweden. There are only two senior

lecturers with this background and both are women. Administrators also have a high

proportion of women, at 75 per cent.

Born in EU28 (excl. Nordic countries)

6 For the total number of employees from each region of birth, see Table 1.3.

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10

0

37 31 39 48 35

52 44 50 39

54 56

63 69 61 52 48 56 50 65 61

46 44

Women Men

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This group consists of nearly 70 per cent women in both of the occupational groups doctoral students

and administrators. Sixty per cent of researchers with this background are women, compared with 33

per cent of professors, and 29 per cent of senior lecturers.

Born in Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries):

This group consists of 78 per cent women in the doctoral students occupational group and 75

per cent in the senior lecturers occupational group. However, only 27 per cent of researchers are

women. There are two professors with this background, one of whom is a woman.

Born in Africa

Women account for 71 per cent of the administrators born in Africa, 43 per cent of the doctoral

students, and 33 per cent of the researchers. No women with this background can be found in the

occupational groups managers, senior lecturers, other teaching staff, or professors.

Born in Asia

The group of employees born in Asia has more women than men in all occupational groups except

researchers. Approximately 80 per cent of the occupational groups senior lecturers and other

teaching staff with this background are women, while for administrators this figure is close to 70 per

cent, for doctoral students 60 per cent, and for researchers 44. There are two professors with this

background and both are women.

Born in North America

The group of employees born in North America are fairly evenly distributed in the administrators

and researchers occupational groups, which in both cases are about 44 per cent women. However,

doctoral students with this background are mainly women, being four out of a total of five. There

are two senior lecturers, one professor, and no other teaching staff born in North America. Both

senior lecturers are men, while the professor in this group is a woman.

Born in South America

The group of employees born in South America is mainly found in the administrators and researchers

occupational groups. Five out of a total of six administrators with this background are women,

compared with one out of a total of five researchers. There is one doctoral student and one other

teaching staff from South America and in both cases they are men.

Born in Rest of the world

Employees with this background work mainly as researchers, administrators and professors. Three

out of the total of six researchers are women compared with four out of the total of four

administrators, and one out of the total of three professors. There are two doctoral students and one

other teaching staff with this background and all are women.

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Table 1.7. Share of employees born in Sweden and foreign-born in each occupational group who are women (%)

Occupational group

Sweden

Nordic countries

*


South America

Rest of the

world

No

match

Total

Administrators

77 75 68 55 71 69 43 83 100 0 74

Managers 86 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 86

Doctoral students

64 60 67 78 43 60 80 0 100 50 64

Researchers 56 73 60 27 33 44 44 20 50 50 53

Senior lecturers

62 100 29 75 0 78 0 0 0 0 61


80 60 0 100 0 80 0 0 100 0 78

Professors 26 63 33 50 0 100 100 0 33 38 30

Total 63 69 61 52 48 56 50 46 65 44 61


Heads of department

In total there are 17 heads and deputy heads of department in the disciplinary domain. With

regard to national background, the statistics show that 16 of these were born in Sweden and one

was foreign-born. Approximately 35 per cent of all heads and deputy heads of department are

women and 65 per cent are men.

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2 Employees at the Faculty of Pharmacy

The diversity of employees at the Faculty of Medicine is largely the same as that for all employees in

the disciplinary domain. This is due to the fact that more than 1,370 of the employees in the

disciplinary domain, corresponding to just over 83 per cent, belong to the Faculty of Medicine. In

light of the above, for diversity at faculty level, only the circumstances at the Faculty of Pharmacy

are described here. The distributions of employees are reported first by Swedish or foreign

background, then by region of birth and country of birth, and finally by sex and background.

Swedish or foreign background Table 2.1 shows the number and share of employees with Swedish and with foreign background in

the faculty. The total number of employees was 283, of which 168 are of Swedish background and

114 of foreign background. Those with Swedish background consist mainly of employees born in

Sweden with both parents born in Sweden, and those with a foreign background are mainly

foreign-born. The former group accounts for almost 56 per cent and the latter for just over 38 per

cent of the employees. The proportion who were born in Sweden with one parent born in Sweden

and one foreign-born parent is approximately 3.5 per cent, and those born in Sweden with two

foreign-born parents account for 1.8 per cent.

In total, just over 59 per cent of employees have Swedish background and just over 40 per cent

have a foreign background. For one person, there was no match in SCB’s population register.

Table 2.1. Number of employees with Swedish and foreign backgrounds in the faculty


Total




Number 10 158 109 5 1 283

Share (%) 3.5 55.8 38.5 1.8 0.4 100.0

By occupational group Table 2.2 shows the number of employees in each occupational group with Swedish and with

foreign background. The three largest occupational groups are researchers (83), doctoral students

(77) and administrators (48). These are followed by senior lecturers (26), other teaching staff (24)

and professors (24). Only one person works as a manager, and was born in Sweden with both

parents born in Sweden.

21

Table 2.2. Number of employees with Swedish and foreign backgrounds in each occupational group

Occupational group


match Total




Administrators 1 30 15 2 0 48

Managers 0 1 0 0 0 1

Doctoral students

5 37 34 1 0 77

Researchers 3 30 50 0 0 83

Senior lecturers 0 21 4 1 0 26


1 18 4 1 0 24

Professors 0 21 2 0 1 24

Total 10 158 109 5 1 283

Chart 2.1 shows the share of employees in each occupational group with Swedish and foreign background. There are large differences in the share with Swedish and with foreign background per occupational group. Employees with a foreign background constitute 60 per cent of researchers and 45 per cent of doctoral students compared with eight per cent of professors, 19 per cent of senior lecturers, 21 per cent of other teaching staff and 35 per cent of administrators.

Chart 2.1. Share of employees with Swedish and foreign backgrounds by occupational group (%)

Regions of birth

Table 2.3 shows the employees at the faculty by region of birth. More than 170 of the faculty’s

employees were born in Sweden, 39 in the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries), 36 in Asia, 10 in the Nordic

countries (except Sweden), eight in Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries), four in Africa, three in

North America, and two in South America.

This means that more than 61 per cent of the employees were born in Sweden, barely 14 per cent in

the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) and almost 13 per cent in Asia. Other groups account for significantly

smaller proportions of faculty employees, from 0.7 to 3.5 per cent.

100 0 0 0 19

0

21 4 8

0

80 35 45 40

60

60

40 81 79

88

65 55 59

20 40

0

Administrators Doctoral Researchers students

Senior Other teaching Professors lecturers staff

Total


22

Table 2.3. Number of employees in the faculty, broken down by region of birth.



South America

Rest of the world

No match

Total

Number 173 10 39 8 4 36 3 2 7 1 283

Share 61.1 3.5 13.8 2.8 1.4 12.7 1.1 0.7 2.5 0.4 100.0


By occupational group Table 2.4 shows the number of employees in each occupational group by region of birth. Only

employees born in Sweden can be found in all the occupational groups. Employees born in Asia can

be found in five occupational groups, whereas those born in South America are found in only one

occupational group. Other foreign-born groups are absent from two to four of the occupational

groups.

Table 2.4. Number of employees in the disciplinary domain, broken down by region of birth

Occupational group



South America

Rest of the

world

No

match

Total

Administrator 33 1 7 2 1 4 0 0 0 0 48

Doctoral students

43 7 14 2 1 10 0 0 0 0 77

Researchers 33 1 18 3 2 19 1 2 4 0 83



20 1 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 24

Professors 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 24

Total 173 10 39 8 4 36 3 2 7 1 283


Table 2.5 shows the share of employees in each occupational group by region of birth.

The great majority of employees in the occupational group professors (88 per cent), senior lecturers

(85 per cent) and other teaching staff (83 per cent) were born in Sweden. The corresponding

proportion in the other three occupational groups is lower: administrators (69 per cent), doctoral

students (56 per cent) and researchers (40 per cent).

Among the foreign-born groups, it is mainly those born in the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) and Asia

that have high numbers in the researchers and doctoral students occupational groups. Twenty-two

per cent of all researchers were born in the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) and 23 per cent in Asia.

Among doctoral students, 18 per cent were born in the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) and 13 per cent

in Asia.

It can be noted too that those born in the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) at 15 per cent account for a

higher proportion of administrators than those born in Asia, at 8 per cent.

In the other occupational groups, few employees are foreign-born. In total, there are four senior

lecturers, four other teaching staff and two professors who were foreign-born. Two of the senior

lecturers were born in North America, one in Asia and one in Rest of the world. Two of the other

23

teaching staff were born in Asia, one in the Nordic countries (except Sweden) and one in Europe

(excl. EU28 and Nordic countries).

Table 2.5. Share of employees in each occupational group, broken down by region of birth (%)

Occupational group



South America

Rest of the

world

No

match

Total

Administrators 69 2 15 4 2 8 0 0 0 0 100

Doctoral students

56 9 18 3 1 13 0 0 0 0 100

Researchers 40 1 22 4 2 23 1 2 5 0 100



83 4 0 4 0 8 0 0 0 0 100

Professors 88 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 4 100

Total 61 4 14 3 1 13 1 1 2 0 100


Another way of looking at diversity is by reference to the proportions of employees born in

different regions who work as administrators, doctoral students, researchers, senior lecturers,

other teaching staff, and professors. This is shown in Table 2.6.

On average, 17 per cent of all employees are administrators, 27 per cent doctoral students, 29

per cent researchers, nine per cent senior lecturers, eight per cent other teaching staff, and eight

per cent professors.

Born in Sweden

At 19 per cent, the proportion of employees born in Sweden working as researchers is well below

average. The proportion of this group working as doctoral students is also slightly below the average.

Instead, this group has higher than average proportions in the occupational groups administrators,

senior lecturers, other teaching staff, and professors.


Employees with this background work mainly as doctoral students, at seven out of ten. In addition,

one in ten works as an administrator, one in ten as a researcher and one in ten as other teaching

staff. No one with this background is found in the occupational groups senior lecturers and/or

professors.


Almost half of employees with this background are researchers, just over one third are doctoral

students and close to two out of ten are administrators. No senior lecturers, other teaching staff or

professors have this background.


There are a total of nine employees with this background, who are fairly evenly distributed

between administrators, doctoral students, and researchers. No senior lecturer or professor

has this background.

24

Born in Africa

There are four employees born in Africa, two of whom are researchers, one an administrator and one doctoral student.

Born in Asia

Of those born in Asia, approximately every other employee works as a researcher, every fourth as a

doctoral student, and every tenth as an administrator. There is one senior lecturer and two other

teaching staff born in Asia, but no professors.

North and South America

In total, there are three employees born in North America and two born in South America. Of the

former, two are senior lecturers and one a researcher, while the latter are in both cases

researchers.

Rest of the world

There are seven employees with this background, four of whom are researchers, two are professors, and one is a senior lecturer.

Table 2.6. Share of employees born in different regions by occupational group (%)

Occupational group



South America

Rest of the world

No match

Total

Administrators 19 10 18 25 25 11 0 0 0 0 17

Doctoral students

25 70 36 25 25 28 0 0 0 0 27

Researchers 19 10 46 38 50 53 33 100 57 0 29



12 10 0 13 0 6 0 0 0 0 8

Professors 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 29 100 8

Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100


25

Country of Birth Table 2.7 shows the breakdown between the Faculty of Pharmacy and Faculty of Medicine of employees from countries with at least 10 representatives in the disciplinary domain.

In total, there were 394 foreign-born employees from countries with at least ten representatives in the disciplinary domain. Of these, 320 are part of the Faculty of Medicine and 72 are part of the Faculty of Pharmacy.

The countries with the highest numbers of representatives in the disciplinary domain also have the highest representations in the Faculty of Medicine, but not in the Faculty of Pharmacy. Instead of China, which has the highest representation in the Faculty of Medicine, foreign-born employees born in India top the numbers in the Faculty of Pharmacy with 11 representatives. India is followed by Iran with ten representatives, Greece with seven, Germany with six, and Finland with five. The numbers of employees from the other countries vary between 1 and 4.

Table 2.7. Number of foreign-born employees from countries with at least ten representatives in the disciplinary domain by faculty

Country of birth

Faculty of Medicine Faculty of Pharmacy Others Disciplinary domain

CHINA 49 4

0 53

IRAN 34 10

0 44

GERMANY 35 6

0 41

INDIA 24 11

0 35

FINLAND 27 5

1 33

GREECE 21 7

0 28

UNITED KINGDOM* 18 2

0 20

ITALY 17 1

1 19

SPAIN 15 1

0 16

POLAND 12 2

0 14

USA 12 2

0 14

NETHERLANDS 8 4

0 12

RUSSIA 9 3

0 12

DENMARK 8 3

0 11

FRANCE 7 4

0 11

PORTUGAL 9 2

0 11

SOVIET UNION 6 4

0 10

UKRAINE 9 1

0 10

Total 320 72

2 394

*Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Sex and background Chart 2.2 shows the share of women and men employees in each occupational group. In total,

52 per cent of employees are women and 48 per cent are men, which means an equal

26

distribution of the sexes.

Among doctoral students, researchers and senior lecturers, the distribution is also fairly even, but not in other occupational groups.

Administrators are 69 per cent women, other teaching staff 67 per cent women, and professors 17 per cent women.

Chart 2.2. Share of women and men among employees by occupational group (%)

Region of birth Chart 2.3 shows the breakdown of employees born in different regions by sex. Three groups have an even distribution by sex. These are those born in the Nordic countries (except Sweden), Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries) and South America. The latter group consists of only two employees.

Those born in Sweden and born in Asia also show a relatively even distribution. The one group consists of 53 per cent women and the other 47 per cent women.

Employees born in the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) are more often women than in the other

groups, at 71 per cent. On the other hand, employees born in Rest of the world are not as often women compared with the other groups, at 29 per cent.

Out of a total of three employees from North America, all are women and out of four from Africa, one is a woman.

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

31 33 49 52 46 48

83

69 67 51 48 54 52

17

Administrators Doctoral Researchers Senior Other teaching Professors Total students lecturers staff

Women Men

27

Chart 2.3. Share of women and men employees by region of birth (%)


By region of birth and occupational group Most foreign-born groups consist of only a few employees in each occupational group. In view of

this, the report in this section is limited to the three biggest groups: born in Sweden, born in the

EU28 (excl. Nordic countries), and born in Asia.

SCB has not reported professors and other teaching staff by region of birth or by sex.

The group born in Sweden has a fairly even distribution of the sexes for doctoral students and

researchers, but not for administrators. About 46 per cent of all researchers and doctoral students

born in Sweden are women compared with three out of four administrators.

Employees born in the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) are more often women in the occupational

groups doctoral students (71 per cent) and researchers (67 per cent). No senior lecturer seems to

have this background.

Similar to the group born in Sweden, three out of four administrators born in Asia are women

compared with almost every other researcher and less than one third of doctoral students. There is

only one senior lecturer born in Asia, a woman.

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10

0

47 33

50 50 53 50 48

75 71

100 100

53 67

50 50 47 50 52

25 29

0 0

Women Men

34

3 Employees in each department

This chapter describes diversity among employees at the department level. Eleven

departments and a small group of ‘others’ are included in this account. The chapter consists of

four sections, the first of which describes diversity on the basis of Swedish or foreign

background, the second by region of birth, the third by country of birth, and the fourth by sex

and background.

Swedish or foreign background Table 3.1 shows the numbers of employees with Swedish background and with foreign background

in each department. The number of employees per department varies from at most 333 to a low of

68.

The total number of employees was 1,669, of whom 1,033 are of Swedish background and 620 of

foreign background.7 Almost nine out of ten of those with Swedish background are born in Sweden

with both parents born in Sweden, and those with a foreign background are primarily foreign-born.

Only 34 employees were born in Sweden with two foreign-born parents and 103 were born in

Sweden with one parent born in Sweden and one foreign-born parent.

Table 3.1. Number of employees with Swedish and foreign backgrounds in each department

Department of:

Swedish background

Foreign background

No match

Total




Immunology, Genetics and Pathology

22 161 143 6 1 333

Medical Sciences 15 148 53 4 1 221

Public Health and Caring Sciences

10 113 45 5 5 178

Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology

7 53 94 1 4 159

Neuroscience 7 86 48 4 1 146

Pharmaceutical Biosciences 4 72 56 3 0 135

Surgical Sciences 11 78 25 4 2 120

Women’s and Children’s Health

9 68 22 1 1 101

Medical Cell Biology 6 34 43 3 0 86

Pharmacy 3 44 31 1 1 80

Medicinal Chemistry 3 42 22 1 0 68

Others 6 31 4 1 0 42

Total 103 930 586 34 16 1,669

Table 3.2 shows the share of employees with Swedish background and with foreign background in

each department. In total, 56 per cent of employees were born in Sweden with both parents born in

7 The total number of 1,669 includes 17 duplicates, where one and the same employee has held at least two positions in different departments. Almost all people with two positions were born in Sweden with both parents born in Sweden.

35

Sweden. This proportion is higher in six departments and lower in four. The highest proportion of

employees with this background was found in the Department of Women’s and Children’s Health and

the lowest proportion at the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, at 67 per cent

and 33 per cent, respectively.

Those born in Sweden with one parent born in Sweden and one foreign-born parent account for

six per cent of the employees. The highest proportion of employees with this background is found

in the Department of Surgical Sciences and the Department of Women’s and Children’s Health (9

per cent) and the lowest proportion in the Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences (3 per cent).

Thirty-five per cent of the employees were foreign-born. Some departments have a lower

proportion of foreign-born employees than 35 per cent, and some have a higher proportion.

The Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology has the highest proportion of

foreign-born employees (59 per cent) and the Department of Surgical Sciences has the

lowest proportion (21 per cent).

Finally, two per cent of employees were born in Sweden with two foreign-born parents. In two

departments, this proportion is two per cent, in four departments it is three per cent, and in three

departments it is one per cent.

Table 3.2. Share of employees with Swedish and foreign backgrounds at each department (%)

Department of:

Swedish background

Foreign background

No match

Total





7 48 43 2 0 100

Medical Sciences 7 67 24 2 0 100


6 63 25 3 3 100


4 33 59 1 3 100

Neuroscience 5 59 33 3 1 100

Pharmaceutical Biosciences 3 53 41 2 0 100

Surgical Sciences 9 65 21 3 2 100


9 67 22 1 1 100

Medical Cell Biology 7 40 50 3 0 100

Pharmacy 4 55 39 1 1 100

Medicinal Chemistry 4 62 32 1 0 100

Others 14 74 10 2 0 100

Total 6 56 35 2 1 100

In total, 62 per cent of the employees have Swedish background and 37 per cent have a foreign

background. Chart 3.1 shows the corresponding share per department. The share with Swedish

background is higher than 62 per cent in six departments and the share with foreign background is

higher than 37 per cent in five departments.

36

The highest shares with Swedish background occur among employees in the Department of

Women’s and Children’s Health (76 per cent), and in the Department of Surgical Sciences and the

Department of Medical Sciences (74 per cent). The highest share with a foreign background was

found among employees at the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology (60 per

cent), followed by the Department of Medical Cell Biology with a corresponding share of 53 per

cent.

Chart 3.1. Share of employees with Swedish and foreign backgrounds in each department (%)

Women’s and Children’s Health Surgical Sciences Medical Sciences Public Health and Caring Sciences Medicinal Chemistry Neuroscience Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Biosciences Immunology, Genetics and Pathology Medical Cell Biology Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology Other Total

Regions of birth Table 3.3 shows the number of employees in each department by region of birth. As reported in

previous sections, foreign-born employees were mainly born in the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries)

and in Asia. These two groups, like the group born in Sweden, have much higher representations in

the Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, which also has the highest number of

employees.

The group born in Sweden has its second highest number of representatives in the Department of

Medical Sciences, while those born in the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) and those born in Asia

instead have their second highest numbers in the Department of Medical Biochemistry and

Microbiology.

The smaller foreign-born groups also had varying representations in the various departments.

One quarter of all those born in North America were found in the Department of Medical

Biochemistry and Microbiology, and another quarter in the Department of Immunology, Genetics

and Pathology. Three departments have no employees with this background and five departments

have one to two employees.

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

0

23

0

24

3 1 0 1 0 12

1

26 28 34 36 40 44 45 37 53

60

88 76 74 74 69 66 64 59 56 55 62

47 38


37

In ten departments, one to three employees were born in Africa and in one department zero. Of

those born in South America, there were one to two employees in eight departments and zero in

three departments.

Employees born in Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries) were present in all departments to

varying extents, from one to at most seven employees.

Those born in the Nordic countries (except Sweden) were also represented in all departments to

varying extents, from one to at most 11 employees.

People born in Rest of the world are represented in eight departments with a varying number

between one and three, and are absent entirely in three departments.

38

Table 3.3. Number of employees in each department, broken down by region of birth

Department of:

Sweden Nordic

countries

(except

Sweden)

EU28

(excl.

Nordic

countries)

Europe (excl.

EU28 and

Nordic

countries)

Africa Asia North

America

South

America

Rest of

the

world

Total


189

11

59

7

5

50

6

2

3

333

Medical Sciences

167

8

19

4

3

15

3

1

0

221


128

6

18

1

3

12

2

1

2

178


61

4

42

8

3

27

7

2

1

159

Neuroscience

97

6

19

5

0

10

2

3

3

146

Pharmaceutical Biosciences

79

5

21

4

1

19

2

1

3

135

Surgical Sciences

93

3

10

1

1

10

0

0

0

120


78

4

6

2

3

5

1

0

1

101

Medical Cell Biology

43

2

12

6

1

21

0

1

0

86

Pharmacy

48

4

11

2

1

11

1

0

1

80

Medicinal Chemistry

46

1

7

2

2

6

0

1

3

68

Others

38

1

2

0

0

0

0

1

0

42

Total

1,067

55

226

42

23

186

24

13

17

1,669

Table 3.4 shows the share of employees in each department by region of birth. The share of employees born in Sweden varies greatly between the departments. The highest

proportion of employees born in Sweden was found in the Department of Surgical Sciences

(roughly 77 per cent) and the lowest in the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology

(roughly 38 per cent).

Employees born in the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) have their highest proportion in the

Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology (26 per cent) and their lowest share in the

Department of Women’s and Children’s Health (6 per cent).

Employees born in Asia account for just over 24 per cent of employees at the Department of

Medical Cell Biology compared with only five per cent in the Department of Women’s and

Children’s Health.

The smaller foreign-born groups also have their highest proportions in different departments.

Those born in South America have their highest share of employees in the Department of

Neuroscience (two per cent) and those born in North America have their highest share in the

39

Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology (four per cent).

The highest proportion of employees born in Africa can be found among the employees in the

Department of Women’s and Children’s Health (about three per cent) and of employees born in

Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries) among the employees in the Department of Medical

Cell Biology (seven per cent). The highest representation of employees born in the Nordic

countries (except Sweden) was in the Department of Pharmacy, where five per cent of employees

have this background.

Table 3.4. Share of employees in each department, broken down by region of birth (%)

Department of:

Sweden Nordic

countries

(except

Sweden)

EU28

(excl.

Nordic

countries)

Europe (excl.

EU28 and

Nordic

countries)

Africa Asia North

America

South

America

Rest of

the

world

Total


56.8 3.3 17.7 2.1 1.5 15.0 1.8 0.6 0.9 100

Medical Sciences

75.6

3.6

8.6

1.8

1.4

6.8

1.4

0.5

0.0

100


71.9 3.4 10.1 0.6 1.7 6.7 1.1 0.6 1.1 100


38.4 2.5 26.4 5.0 1.9 17.0 4.4 1.3 0.6 100

Neuroscience

66.4

4.1

13.0

3.4

0.0

6.8

1.4

2.1

2.1

100

Pharmaceutical

Biosciences

58.5

3.7

15.6

3.0

0.7

14.1

1.5

0.7

2.2

100

Surgical Sciences 77.5 2.5 8.3 0.8 0.8 8.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 100


77.2 4.0 5.9 2.0 3.0 5.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 100

Medical Cell Biology 50.0 2.3 14.0 7.0 1.2 24.4 0.0 1.2 0.0 100

Pharmacy 60.0 5.0 13.8 2.5 1.3 13.8 1.3 0.0 1.3 100

Medicinal Chemistry 67.6 1.5 10.3 2.9 2.9 8.8 0.0 1.5 4.4 100

Others

90.5

2.4

4.8

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

2.4

0.0

100

Total

63.9

3.3

13.5

2.5

1.4

11.1

1.4

0.8

1.0

100

Country of Birth Table 3.5 shows the breakdown between departments of employees in the disciplinary domain from countries with at least 10 representatives. For space reasons, the names of the departments in the table have been replaced by their organisational numbers. Number 451 represents the Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 452 the Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, 453 the Department of Pharmacy, 460 the Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, 462 the Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, 463 the Department of Surgical Sciences, 464 the Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, 465 the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, 466 the Department of Medical Cell Biology, 467 the Department of Medical Sciences, and 468 the

40

Department of Neuroscience.

In total, the table covers 394 employees from 18 countries. China has the highest and Ukraine the

lowest number of representatives, at 53 and 10, respectively. The results per department vary

greatly. The Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology has the highest and the

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry the lowest number of all foreign-born employees from

countries with at least ten representatives, at 94 and 13, respectively.

The number of representatives from each country of birth also varies greatly between departments.

Most countries do not have any representatives in one or more departments. Only employees born

in Iran and India can be found in all departments, but with wide variation in the numbers of

representatives. The same applies to people born in China, which is the largest group. Three

departments together account for more than 70 per cent of all employees born in China, while three

other departments have no employees born in China at all.

Table 3.5. Number of foreign-born employees from countries with at least ten

representatives in the disciplinary domain by department.

Country of birth

Departments, in the order of their organisation number rather than their name8

451 452 453 460 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 Total

CHINA 0 3 1 0 16 2 0 11 11 5 4 53

IRAN 1 5 4 5 14 6 1 2 3 2 1 44

GERMANY 4 2 0 1 12 3 0 6 3 7 3 41

INDIA 3 5 3 1 9 1 1 6 3 2 1 35

FINLAND 0 2 3 5 8 1 4 3 1 3 2 33

GREECE 0 5 2 1 3 0 1 11 1 2 2 28

UNITED KINGDOM* 0 2 0 4 4 1 3 4 0 1 1 20

ITALY 0 1 0 3 6 1 1 3 0 0 3 19

SPAIN 1 0 0 1 5 1 0 5 1 1 1 16

POLAND 0 0 2 2 5 1 1 0 1 1 1 14

USA 0 2 0 1 1 0 1 4 0 3 2 14

NETHERLANDS 0 1 3 0 2 1 0 0 0 1 4 12

RUSSIA 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 2 1 2 2 12

DENMARK 0 2 1 0 2 1 0 1 1 2 1 11

FRANCE 0 4 0 0 1 0 0 3 1 1 1 11

PORTUGAL 1 1 0 1 2 1 0 1 1 3 0 11

SOVIET UNION 2 2 0 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 2 10

UKRAINE 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 4 2 0 1 10

Total 13 39 20 26 94 21 15 66 30 36 32 394 * Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Sex and background Chart 3.2 shows the proportions of women and men employees in each department. Just over 60

per cent of employees in the disciplinary domain are women and just under 40 per cent are men.

8 Number 451 is the Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 452 the Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, 453 the Department of Pharmacy, 460 the Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, 462 the Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, 463 the Department of Surgical Sciences, 464 the Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, 465 the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, 466 the Department of Medical Cell Biology, 467 the Department of Medical Sciences, and 468 the Department of Neuroscience.

41

Women Men

Most departments have either a higher or lower proportion of women than the disciplinary domain as a whole. The Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, the Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, the Department of Medical Sciences and the Department of Neuroscience all have more than 60 per cent women among their employees. The proportion of men is higher than women among employees in two departments.

The highest proportion of women was found in the Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences (74 per cent) and the lowest at the Department of Medicinal Chemistry (40 per cent).

The most equal representation of the sexes was found among employees at the Department of Pharmacy, followed by the Department of Surgical Sciences, the Department of Medical Cell Biology, and the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology. The proportions of women in these departments range between 47 and 54 per cent.

Chart 3.2 Proportions of women and men among employees by department (%)9

100

90

80

70

26

30

35

36

39

41

46

48

49

53

60

17 39

60

50

40

30

20

74

70

65

64

61

59

54

53

51

47

40

83 61

10

0

Public Health and Caring Sciences Women’s and Children’s Health Medical Sciences Neuroscience Immunology, Genetics and Pathology Pharmaceutical Biosciences Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology Surgical Sciences Pharmacy Medical Cell Biology Medicinal Chemistry Other Total

With Swedish and foreign background Chart 3.3 shows the shares of employees with Swedish background and with foreign background by

sex. Those with Swedish background are 62 per cent women and those with a foreign background

are 59 per cent women.

The highest proportions of women, whether with a Swedish background (72 per cent) or a

foreign background (80 per cent), were found in the Department of Public Health and

Caring Sciences.

The lowest proportion of women with Swedish background was found among employees in the

9 The figures have been calculated from the numbers stated in Table 3.1.

42

Department of Medical Cell Biology (35 per cent) and of women with a foreign background among

employees in the Department of Medicinal Chemistry (26 per cent).

The Department of Women’s and Children’s Health had the second highest proportion of women

both with Swedish (71 per cent) and with foreign (65 per cent) background.

At the Department of Neuroscience and the Department of Medical Biochemistry and

Microbiology, employees with Swedish background are also over 60 per cent women, at 67 and 64

per cent, respectively.

The proportions of women with Swedish and with a foreign background are roughly the same among

employees at the Department of Medical Sciences and at the Department of Pharmaceutical

Biosciences. In one of these departments, almost 65 per cent of employees are women and in the

other, nearly 60 per cent.

Chart 3.3. Share of employees with Swedish and foreign backgrounds who are women (%)10

Public Health and Caring Sciences Women’s and Children’s Health Medical Sciences Neuroscience Immunology, Genetics and Pathology Pharmaceutical Biosciences Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology Surgical Sciences Pharmacy Medical Cell Biology Medicinal Chemistry Total

Region of birth Chart 3.4 shows the share of employees born in Sweden, the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) and in

Asia who are women. The other foreign-born groups generally have very few women or men per

department and are therefore not shown in the chart.

Born in Sweden

Employees born in Sweden are more often women than men in most departments. In the following

five departments, this proportion amounts to more than 60 per cent: the Department of Public

Health and Caring Sciences, the Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, the Department of

Neuroscience, the Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, and the Department of

Medical Sciences. Only at the Department of Medical Cell Biology is the proportion of women less

10 The number of employees in each department is shown in Table 3.1.

90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10

0

80 72 71

65 64,65 67 62 64

56 59,58 52

57 58 59

47 57

62,59

47 38 35

26

Swedish background Foreign background

43

than 40 per cent.

Born in the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries)

The proportion of women among those born in the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) exceeds 60 per cent

in seven departments. In the Department of Women’s and Children’s Health and in the Department

of Pharmacy, just over eight out of ten employees with this background are women. Only at the

Department of Surgical Sciences are less than 40 per cent of employees with this background

women.

Born in Asia

In three departments, more than 60 per cent of employees born in Asia are women. These are the

Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, the Department of Medical Sciences and the

Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences. In most other departments, the proportion of women

employees is roughly 50-60 per cent and in two departments it is under 40 per cent. The highest

proportion of women with this background (92 per cent) was found in the Department of Public

Health and Caring Sciences and the lowest (17 per cent) in the Department of Medicinal Chemistry.

Chart 3.4. Share of employees born in Sweden and born abroad (two groups) who are women (%)11

Public Health and Caring Sciences Women’s and Children’s Health Neuroscience Immunology, Genetics and Pathology Medical Sciences Pharmaceutical Biosciences Surgical Sciences Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology Pharmacy Medicinal Chemistry Medical Cell Biology

11 The number of employees in each department is shown in Table 3.3.

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

Sweden EU28 (excl. Nordic) Asia countries)

44

Part II –Diversity among students

41

4 Students at each faculty

This chapter describes diversity among students at each faculty in four sections. The first section

reports on the number and share of students based on whether they were born in Sweden or are

foreign-born, the second based on region of birth, the third on country of birth, and the fourth on

sex and background.

Swedish or foreign background Table 4.1 shows the numbers of students with Swedish background and with foreign background in

each faculty. The total number of students in the disciplinary domain is 4,024. The number of

students per faculty varies greatly. Nearly three out of four students (2,919) belong to the Faculty

of Medicine and just over one in four (1,105) belong to the Faculty of Pharmacy. There were 122

students with No match in SCB’s population register, of whom nearly nine out of ten belong to the

Faculty of Medicine.

Table 4.1. Number of students with Swedish and foreign backgrounds in each faculty

Faculty

Swedish background

Foreign background No

match Total



Foreign-born

Born in Sweden with two foreign-born parents

Medicine 254 1,849 485 227 104 2,919

Pharmacy 42 236 542 267 18 1,105

Total 296 2,085 1,027 494 122 4,024

Table 4.2 shows the share of students with Swedish background and with foreign background in

each faculty. In total, seven per cent of all students were born in Sweden with one parent born in

Sweden and one foreign-born parent, and 52 per cent were born in Sweden with both parents born

in Sweden. Foreign-born students account for 26 per cent and students born in Sweden with two

foreign-born parents account for 12 per cent of all students.

There are large differences in the proportions of students with Swedish and foreign backgrounds

per faculty. Foreign-born students account for almost half of the students at the Faculty of

Pharmacy compared with 17 per cent at the Faculty of Medicine. Students born in Sweden with

two foreign-born parents also account for a significantly higher share of the students at the Faculty

of Pharmacy (24 per cent) than at the Faculty of Medicine (8 per cent).

Consequently, we have a significantly higher share of Swedish-born students with both parents

born in Sweden in the Faculty of Medicine (63 per cent) than in the Faculty of Pharmacy (21 per

cent). Students born in Sweden with one foreign-born parent also account for a larger proportion of

the students at the Faculty of Medicine (9 per cent) than at the Faculty of Pharmacy (four per cent).

42

Table 4.2. Share of students with Swedish and foreign backgrounds at each faculty (%)

Faculty


match Total



Foreign-born


Medicine 9 63 17 8 4 100

Pharmacy 4 21 49 24 2 100

Total 7 52 26 12 3 100

In total, 59 per cent of the students in the disciplinary domain have Swedish background and 38

per cent have a foreign background. The remaining three per cent consists of students with No

match in SCB’s population register.

At the Faculty of Medicine, 72 per cent of the students have Swedish background compared with

25 per cent at the Faculty of Pharmacy (see Chart 4.1).

Chart 4.1 Share of students with Swedish and foreign backgrounds at each faculty (%)

Regions of birth Table 4.3 shows the number of students in each faculty by region of birth. In total, 2,875 out of just

over 4,000 students in the disciplinary domain were born in Sweden. There is great variance in the

numbers of foreign-born students per region of birth.

Asia with 613 representatives is by far the largest region of birth. Then come the Nordic countries

(except Sweden) with 123 representatives, the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) with 101, and Africa

with 91. North and South America, each with just under 20 representatives, have the lowest numbers

of students in the disciplinary domain.

A significant majority of students born in Asia belong to the Faculty of Pharmacy, while students

born in the Nordic countries (except Sweden), the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) and in North and

South America mainly belong to the Faculty of Medicine. Students born in Africa are distributed

between the faculties more evenly than other foreign-born groups.

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

4 2 3

24 38

73

72 59

25

Medicine Pharmacy Total


43

Table 4.3. Number of students in each faculty, broken down by region of birth.

Faculty



South America

Rest of the

world

No match

Total

Medicine 2,330 112 75 37 40 185 17 17 2 104 2,919

Pharmacy 545 11 26 23 51 428 2 1 0 18 1,105

Total 2,875 123 101 60 91 613 19 18 2 122 4,024


Table 4.4 shows the share of students in each faculty by region of birth.

Born in Sweden

More than 71 per cent of students in the disciplinary domain were born in Sweden, compared with

around 80 per cent of students in the Faculty of Medicine and 49 per cent in the Faculty of

Pharmacy.


Just over three per cent of the students in the disciplinary domain were born in the Nordic countries

(except Sweden), compared with nearly four per cent of the students in the Faculty of Medicine and

one per cent in the Faculty of Pharmacy.


Roughly 2.5 per cent of students at both faculties were born in the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries).


This group accounts for 1.5 per cent of students in the disciplinary domain, just over two per

cent of students in the Faculty of Pharmacy and 1.3 per cent in the Faculty of Medicine.

Born in Asia

Just over 15 per cent of students in the disciplinary domain were born in Asia, compared with

almost 39 per cent of students in the Faculty of Pharmacy and six per cent in the Faculty of

Medicine.

Born in Africa

Students born in Africa account for 2.3 per cent of the students in the disciplinary domain: 4.6 per

cent of the students in the Faculty of Pharmacy and 1.4 per cent in the Faculty of Medicine.

Born in North or South America

Students born in North or South America each account for approximately half a per

cent of the students in the disciplinary domain and belong mainly to the Faculty of

Medicine.

Table 4.4. Share of students at each faculty by region of birth (%)

Faculty

Sweden Nordic countries* EU28** Europe*** Africa Asia North America South America No match Total

Medicine 79.8 3.8 2.6 1.3 1.4 6.3 0.6 0.6 3.6 100.0

Pharmacy 49.3 1.0 2.4 2.1 4.6 38.7 0.2 0.1 1.6 100.0

Total

71.4

3.1

2.5

1.5

2.3

15.2

0.5

0.4

3.0

100.0


44

Country of Birth

Chart 4.2 shows the numbers of foreign-born students from countries with at least 10

representatives in the disciplinary domain. In total, there were 16 countries each with at

least ten representatives.

Together, these countries comprise 733 representatives, which corresponds to 75 per cent of

all foreign-born students in the disciplinary domain.12

The number of students from each country varies greatly. Iraq with 286 representatives is by far the largest country of birth. This is followed by Finland with 105 representatives, Syria with 92, Iran with 70 and Afghanistan with 45. The numbers of representatives from other countries range from 11 to 26.

Chart 4.2. Number of foreign-born students from countries with at least 10 representatives in the disciplinary domain

IRAQ FINLAND SYRIA IRAN AFGHANISTAN SOMALIA CHINA GERMANY BANGLADESH

GREECE RUSSIA EGYPT UKRAINE POLAND TURKEY THAILAND

Chart 4.3 shows the representation of these student groups in each of the faculties. Many of the

students born in Asian countries belong to the Faculty of Pharmacy, while almost all the students

born in Finland are part of the Faculty of Medicine.

Just over 85 per cent of students born in Iraq, 82 per cent of students born in Syria, and 75 per cent

of those born in Afghanistan belong to the Faculty of Pharmacy, compared with seven per cent of

those born in Finland. Students born in Iran are divided roughly equally between the two faculties, as

are students born in Egypt, Ukraine, Poland and Turkey. Bangladesh is the only Asian country whose

students belong mainly to the Faculty of Medicine.

12 Excluding the 122 students with No match in SCB’s population register

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

286

105 92 70

45 26 19 19 18 16 16 13 13 12 12 11

45

Chart 4.3. Number of foreign-born students from countries with at least ten

representatives in the disciplinary domain by faculty

Sex and background Chart 4.4 shows the distribution of students with Swedish and foreign backgrounds in the

disciplinary domain by sex. On average, 73 per cent of all students are women and 27 per cent are

men. The proportion of women among students with Swedish background is one per cent lower

than the average and among students with a foreign background it is one per cent higher.

Chart 4.4. Share of women and men among students with Swedish and foreign backgrounds (%)

Chart 4.5 shows the share of students in each faculty with Swedish background and with foreign

background who are women. In both cases (Swedish and foreign backgrounds), there are more

women in the Faculty of Pharmacy (roughly 77 per cent) than in the Faculty of Medicine (roughly

71 per cent).

THAILAND

TURKEY

POLAND

UKRAINE

EGYPT

RUSSIA

GREECE

BANGLADESH

GERMANY

CHINA

SOMALIA

AFGHANISTAN

IRAN

SYRIA

FINLAND

IRAQ

7 4

6 6

6 6

7 6

6 7

12 4

15 1

16 2

12 7

12 7

11 15

15

34

17

30

36

75

98 7

42 244

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

Medicine Pharmacy

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

28 26 29 27

72 74 71 73

Swedish background Foreign background No match Total

Women Men

46

Women Men

Chart 4.5. Share of students with Swedish and foreign backgrounds who are women (%)13

Regions of birth Chart 4.6 shows the share of women and men among students born in different regions in the

disciplinary domain. Women are over-represented in all student groups. The lowest proportion of

women is found among students born in North America (63 per cent) and the highest among

students born in the Nordic countries (except Sweden) at 79 per cent.

Students born in Africa, the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) and Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic

countries) are between 65 and 68 per cent women. Among students born in South America,

Sweden and Asia, the proportion of women is even higher, at 72-76 per cent.

Chart 4.6 Share of women and men students by region of birth (%)14

100

90 80

27 21 34

32 35

24 37

28 29 27

70

60

50

40 30

73 79 66

68 65

76 63

72 71 73

20

10

0

Sweden Nordic countries (except Sweden) EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries) Africa Asia North America South America No match Total

13 For the number of students with each background, see Table 4.1. 14 The number of students from each region is shown in Table 4.3.

80

78

76

74

72

70

68

66

64

62

60

77 77 77

74

72 72 71

71 72 73

71

67

Medicine Pharmacy Total


47

Chart 4.7 shows the proportion of students at each faculty who are women. In general, regardless of

background, there are more women among the students at the Faculty of Pharmacy than among the

students at the Faculty of Medicine. The exception is students from the EU28 (excl. Nordic

countries), where there are more women students at the Faculty of Medicine (69 per cent) than at

the Faculty of Pharmacy (58 per cent).

Of those students born in Sweden, 72 per cent are women at the Faculty of Medicine, compared

with 78 per cent at the Faculty of Pharmacy. Of those born in the Nordic countries (except Sweden),

78 per cent are women at the Faculty of Medicine and 91 per cent are women at the Faculty of

Pharmacy. In the case of students born in Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries), the

corresponding proportions are 62 per cent and 78 per cent, respectively. Of students born in Asia,

70 per cent are women at the Faculty of Medicine and 78 per cent are women at the Faculty of

Pharmacy.

Students born in Africa have the same proportion of women in both faculties at 65 per cent. There is

only one student born in South America and only two students born in North America at the Faculty

of Pharmacy. The student from South America is a woman and the two students born in North

America are men.

Chart 4.7. Share of students born in Sweden and born abroad who are women (%)15


15 For the number of students at each faculty, see Table 4.3.

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10

0

91 100

72 78 78 78 78

69 70 71 71 72 67

71 77

58 62 65 65

0

Medicine Pharmacy

48

5 Students in each study programme

This chapter describes diversity among the students in 12 study programmes within the disciplinary

domain. These are: Master of Science Programme in Pharmacy, Biomedicine Programme, Biomedical

Laboratory Science Programme, Master’s programmes at the Faculty of Pharmacy16, Physiotherapy

Programme, Speech and Language Pathology Programme, Medicine Programme, Master’s

programmes at the Faculty of Medicine17, Bachelor of Science Programme in Pharmacy, Radiography

Programme, Nursing Programme, Specialist Nursing Programme.18

This chapter consists of four sections. The first section describes diversity on the basis of Swedish or

foreign background, the second by region of birth, the third by country of birth, and the fourth by sex

and background.

Swedish or foreign background

Table 5.1 shows the numbers of students with Swedish background and with foreign background in

each study programme. The number of students in each programme ranges from 56 to 1,103

students.

Ranked by number of students, the Medicine Programme with 1,103 students is at the top,

followed by the Master of Science Programme in Pharmacy with 679, the Nursing Programme with

615, the Bachelor of Science Programme in Pharmacy with 342, the Faculty of Medicine Master’s

programmes with 311, the Physiotherapy Programme with 234, the Specialist Nursing Programme

with 227, the Biomedical Laboratory Science Programme with 135, the Biomedicine Programme

with 124, the Speech and Language Pathology Programme with 114, the Faculty of Pharmacy

second-cycle (Master’s) programmes with 86, and the Radiography Programme with 56 students.

The number of students with Swedish and foreign backgrounds also varies greatly from programme

to programme. Students with Swedish background are in the greatest numbers in the Medicine

Programme, and next highest numbers in the Nursing Programme, while students with a foreign

background have their greatest numbers in the Master of Science Programme in Pharmacy followed

by the Bachelor of Science Programme in Pharmacy.

There are also 134 students where No match could be found in SCB’s population register, of which a

large majority (93 students) were studying the Faculty of Medicine second-cycle (Master’s)

programmes. The remaining 41 students in this group include 15 students in the Faculty of

Pharmacy second-cycle (Master’s) programmes and the rest in varying numbers in the other study

programmes.

16 Master’s Programme in Clinical Pharmacy (60 credits), and Master’s Programme in Drug Management, Master’s Programme in Pharmaceutical Modelling, Master's Programme in Drug Discovery and Development, all 120 credits. 17 Master’s Programme in Advanced Medical Imaging, Master’s Programme in Biomedicine, Master’s Programme in Public Health, Master’s

Programme in Forensic Science, Master’s Programme in Global Health, Master’s Programme in Infection Biology, Master’s Programme in Medical Research, Master’s Programme in Molecular Medicine, Master’s Programme in Medical Nuclide Techniques, all 120 credits. 18 Specialist Nursing Programme, including Midwifery Programme. Within the Specialist Nursing Programme, students can choose one of

the following specialisations: Emergency Medicine, Pre-hospital Emergency Care, Anaesthesia Care, Diabetes Care, Primary Health Care, Cardiac Care, Paediatric Care, Intensive Care, Surgical Care, Oncology Care, Theatre Care, Mental Health Care.

49

Table 5.1. Number of students with Swedish and foreign backgrounds in each study programme19

Study programme:

Swedish background

Foreign background

No

match

Total

Born in Sweden with one parent born in Sweden and one foreign-born Parent


Foreign-born


Medicine Programme 114 718 160 105 6 1,103

Master of Science Programme in Pharmacy

29 171 303 174 2 679

Nursing Programme 55 467 61 27 5 615

Bachelor of Science Programme in Pharmacy

8 49 198 85 2 342

Faculty of Medicine second-cycle (Master’s) programmes*

13 74 111 20 93 311

Physiotherapy Programme

16 193 14 8 3 234

Specialist Nursing Programme *

17 159 37 14 0 227

Biomedical Laboratory Science Programme

9 69 37 19 1 135

Biomedicine Programme 15 65 24 15 5 124

Speech and Language Pathology Programme

9 79 13 11 2 114

Faculty of Pharmacy second-cycle (Master’s) programmes*

5 16 41 9 15 86

Radiography Programme 6 26 17 7 0 56

Total 296 2,086 1,016 494 134 4,026 *For the full names of these programmes, see footnotes 16, 17 and 18.

Table 5.2 shows the share of students with Swedish and foreign background in each

programme. The proportion of students with each background varies greatly from

programme to programme.

All of 82 per cent of the students in the Physiotherapy Programme and 76 per cent of students in

the Nursing Programme were born in Sweden with both parents born in Sweden. This can be

compared with 14 per cent of the students in the Bachelor of Science Programme in Pharmacy or

19 per cent of the students in the Faculty of Pharmacy second-cycle (Master’s) programmes who

were born in Sweden with both parents born in Sweden.

Students born in Sweden with one parent born in Sweden and one foreign-born parent account for 12

per cent of the students in the Biomedicine Programme and 11 per cent of the students in the

19 The numbers of foreign-born students and students who fall within the No match category in this table differ by ten and 12, respectively,

from the corresponding numbers in Table 5.1. This is because ten foreign-born students are registered in courses other than those that are included in these study programmes, and because 12 students are registered in courses that fall within two different study programmes, and therefore appear twice in the statistics at study programme level.

50

Radiography Programme compared with two per cent of the students in the Bachelor of Science

Programme in Pharmacy and four per cent in the Master of Science Programme in Pharmacy.

Foreign-born students account for 25 per cent of all students in the disciplinary domain. The

corresponding proportion is over 25 per cent in half of the study programmes and under 25 per

cent in the other half. The highest proportion of foreign-born students are present in the Bachelor

of Science Programme in Pharmacy (58 per cent) and the lowest in the Physiotherapy Programme

(6 per cent). The second highest proportion of foreign-born students were found in the Master of

Science Programme in Pharmacy (45 per cent) and the second lowest in the Nursing Programme

(10 per cent).

Students born in Sweden with two foreign-born parents account for 12 per cent of all students in

the disciplinary domain, but, like those born abroad, they are found mainly in the Master of

Science Programme in Pharmacy and in the Bachelor of Science Programme in Pharmacy. About 25

per cent of the students in the Master of Science Programme in Pharmacy and in the Bachelor of

Science Programme in Pharmacy were born in Sweden with two foreign-born parents, compared

to three per cent of the students in the Physiotherapy Programme or four per cent in the Nursing

Programme.

Table 5.2. Share of students with Swedish and foreign backgrounds in each study programme (%)

Study programme:


No match

Total



Foreign-born


Medicine Programme 10 65 15 10 1 100


4 25 45 26 0 100

Nursing Programme 9 76 10 4 1 100


2 14 58 25 1 100

Faculty of Medicine second-cycle (Master’s) programmes*

4 24 36 6 30 100


7 82 6 3 1 100

Specialist Nursing Programme*

7 70 16 6 0 100


7 51 27 14 1 100

Biomedicine Programme 12 52 19 12 4 100


8 69 11 10 2 100

Faculty of Pharmacy second-cycle (Master’s) programmes*

6 19 48 10 17 100

Radiography Programme 11 46 30 13 0 100

Total 7 52 25 12 3 100 *For the full names of these programmes, see footnotes 16, 17 and 18.

51


In total, 59 per cent of the students in the disciplinary domain have Swedish background and 38 per cent have a foreign background. The corresponding proportions vary greatly between the study programmes.

Almost nine out of ten students studying the Physiotherapy Programme have Swedish background compared with just under two out of ten who were studying the Bachelor of Science Programme in Pharmacy. In the Nursing Programme too, the share of students with Swedish background amounts to almost nine out of ten (85 per cent). Other study programmes with fairly high proportions of students with Swedish background are the Specialist Nursing Programme, the Medicine Programme and the Speech and Language Pathology Programme (each roughly 77 per cent).

On the other hand, relatively few students studying the Faculty of Pharmacy second-cycle (Master’s) programmes, the Faculty of Medicine second-cycle (Master’s) programmes, and/or the Master of Science Programme in Pharmacy have Swedish background (24-29 per cent).

This means, among other things, that just over eight out of ten students studying the Bachelor of Science Programme in Pharmacy and seven out of ten studying the Bachelor of Science Programme in Pharmacy have a foreign background.

There are high proportions of students that fall within the No match category in the Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Pharmacy second-cycle (Master’s) programmes. If these students are also included, the proportion of students with a foreign background in each of these programmes goes up to just over 70 per cent.

Chart 5.1 Share of students with Swedish and foreign backgrounds in each study programme (%)

100

90 80

1

24

0 1 14

1 30

1 9

0

22 1

41

4

31

2

21

17 0

43

3

38

70 60 50 40

75

70

85

83

42

89

78

77

58

30 58 65 57 59 20

10 29 17 28 24

0

Medicine Programme Master of Science Programme in Pharmacy Nursing Programme Bachelor of Science Programme in Pharmacy Master’s programmes at the Faculty of Medicine Physiotherapy Programme Specialist Nursing Programme Biomedical Laboratory Science Programme Biomedicine Programme Speech and Language Pathology Programme Master’s programmes at the Faculty of Pharmacy Radiography Programme Total

52

Regions of birth Table 5.3 shows the number of students in each study programme by region of birth. As described in

previous sections, foreign-born students were born mainly in Asia. This group comprises more than

half of all foreign-born students in the disciplinary domain, but they were mainly studying the

Master of Science Programme in Pharmacy and the Bachelor of Science Programme in Pharmacy. At

least two out of three students born in Asia were studying either the Master of Science Programme

in Pharmacy or the Bachelor of Science Programme in Pharmacy, while the remainder were found in

various numbers in the other ten study programmes.

Students who were born in Sweden are found in the greatest numbers in the Medicine Programme, in

second place is the Nursing Programme and in third place is the Master of Science Programme in Pharmacy.

About one in three of these students were studying the Medicine Programme, one in five the Nursing

Programme and just over one in ten (13 per cent) the Master of Science Programme in Pharmacy.

About two out of three students born in the Nordic countries (except Sweden) were studying the Medicine Programme.

Students born in the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) are in their highest number in the Faculty of

Medicine second-cycle (Master’s) programmes, followed by the Master of Science Programme in

Pharmacy and the Medicine Programme.

Students born in Africa, like those born in Asia, are most often found in the Master of Science

Programme in Pharmacy followed by the Bachelor of Science Programme in Pharmacy.

Out of 1,103 students studying the Medicine Programme, only 52 were born outside Europe and

the majority of these were born in Asia. Only two students in the Medicine Programme were born

in Africa and none in South America. In the Physiotherapy Programme, only four out of 234

students were born outside Europe. The Biomedicine Programme and the Speech and Language

Pathology Programme also have relatively few students who were not born in any European

country.

53

Table 5.3. Number of students in each study programme, broken down by region of birth.20

Study programme

Sweden Nordic

countries

(except

Sweden)

EU28 (excl.

Nordic

countries):

Europe (excl.

EU28 and Nordic

countries)

Africa Asia North America

South America

No

match

Total

Medicine Programme

937

77

16

14

2

44

6

0

6

1,103


374

6

17

10

26

242

1

1

2

679

Nursing Programme

549

6

3

9

8

28

2

4

5

615


142

0

4

10

20

164

0

0

2

342

Faculty of Medicine second-cycle

(Master's) programmes*

107

7

34

0

12

49

6

3

93

311


217

3

5

2

1

0

0

3

3

234

Specialist Nursing

Programme *

190

7

5

3

4

14

1

3

0

227

Biomedical Laboratory

Science Programme

97

1

3

2

3

25

0

3

1

135

Biomedicine Programme

95

3

7

5

2

7

0

0

5

124


99

3

0

0

3

5

1

1

2

114

Faculty of Pharmacy second-cycle


30

4

5

3

5

23

1

0

15

86

Radiography

Programme

39

1

2

2

3

8

1

0

0

56

Total

2,876

118

101

60

89

609

19

18

134

4,026

*For the full names of these programmes, see footnotes 16, 17 and 18.

Table 5.4 shows the share of students in each study programme by region of birth.

Born in Sweden About 70-90 per cent of students in most programmes were born in Sweden. More than nine out of ten students studying the Physiotherapy Programme were born in Sweden; in the Nursing Programme and the Speech and Language Pathology Programme this figure is almost nine out of ten; in the Medicine Programme and the Specialist Nursing Programme the figure is more than eight out of ten, and in the Biomedical Laboratory Science Programme and the Biomedicine Programme more than seven out of ten students were born in Sweden. The corresponding proportions are

20 There are two students who were born in Rest of the world, but for reasons of space, these two have been left out of the table.

54

lower among students in the Master of Science Programme in Pharmacy (55 per cent) and Bachelor of Science Programme in Pharmacy (42 per cent).

Born in Asia Students born in Asia account for a large proportion of students studying the Bachelor of Science Programme in Pharmacy (48 per cent) and Master of Science Programme in Pharmacy (36 per cent). A high proportion of students in the Faculty of Pharmacy second-cycle (Master’s) programmes were also born in Asia (roughly 27 per cent). In other study programmes, the proportion of students with this background varies from zero per cent in the Physiotherapy Programme to 16 per cent in the Faculty of Medicine second-cycle (Master’s) programmes.

Born in Nordic countries (except Sweden) Students with this background account for at most seven per cent of students in the Medicine Programme followed by almost five per cent of students in the Faculty of Pharmacy second-cycle (Master’s) programmes.

Born in EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) This group has its highest proportion among students in the Faculty of Medicine second-cycle (Master’s) programmes (11 per cent) and its second highest proportion among students in the Faculty of Medicine second-cycle (Master’s) programmes (6 per cent). This group’s share of students in the other study programmes ranges from zero to about 3.5 per cent.

Born in Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries): These students were found to be distributed more evenly across all study programmes than other groups. At most, they constitute four per cent of students studying the Biomedicine Programme and almost four per cent of students studying the Faculty of Pharmacy second-cycle (Master’s) programmes.

Born in Africa There was a fairly high proportion of students born in Africa studying the Bachelor of Science Programme in Pharmacy and/or the Faculty of Pharmacy second-cycle (Master’s) programmes; almost six per cent in both cases.

Born in North America Students born in North America were at most roughly two per cent of those studying in the Faculty of Medicine second-cycle (Master’s) programmes.

Born in South America Students born in South America were also at most roughly two per cent, in their case of those studying the Biomedical Laboratory Science Programme.

55

Table 5.4. Share of students in each programme by region of birth (%)

Study programme

Sweden Nordic

countries

(except

Sweden)

EU28

(excl. Nordic

countries)

Europe (excl.

EU28 and Nordic

countries)

Africa Asia North

America

South

America

No

match

Total

Medicine Programme

85.0 7.0 1.5 1.3 0.2 4.0 0.5 0.0 0.5 100


55.1

0.9

2.5

1.5

3.8

35.6

0.1

0.1

0.3

100

Nursing Programme 89.3 1.0 0.5 1.5 1.3 4.6 0.3 0.7 0.8 100


41.5 0.0 1.2 2.9 5.8 48.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 100

Faculty of Medicine second-cycle


34.4

2.3

10.9

0.0

3.9

15.8

1.9

1.0

29.9

100


92.7 1.3 2.1 0.9 0.4 0.0 0.0 1.3 1.3 100

Specialist Nursing

Programme *

83.7

3.1

2.2

1.3

1.8

6.2

0.4

1.3

0.0

100


Science Programme

71.9

0.7

2.2

1.5

2.2

18.5

0.0

2.2

0.7

100

Biomedicine Programme

76.6 2.4 5.6 4.0 1.6 5.6 0.0 0.0 4.0 100


86.8 2.6 0.0 0.0 2.6 4.4 0.9 0.9 1.8 100

Faculty of Pharmacy second-cycle


34.9

4.7

5.8

3.5

5.8

26.7

1.2

0.0

17.4

100

Radiography

Programme

69.6

1.8

3.6

3.6

5.4

14.3

1.8

0.0

0.0

100

Total

71.4

2.9

2.5

1.5

2.2

15.1

0.5

0.4

3.3

100

*For the full names of these programmes, see footnotes 16, 17 and 18.

Country of Birth Table 5.5 shows the number of foreign-born students from countries with at least ten representatives in the disciplinary domain, broken down by study programme. For reasons of space, the names of the study programmes in the table have been replaced as follows:

A (Master of Science Programme in Pharmacy), B1 (Biomedical Laboratory Science Programme), B2 (Biomedicine Programme), F1 (Faculty of Pharmacy second-cycle (Master’s) programmes), F2 (Physiotherapy Programme), L1 (Speech and Language Pathology Programme), L2 (Medicine Programme), M (Faculty of Medicine second-cycle (Master’s) programmes), R1 (Bachelor of Science

56

Programme in Pharmacy), R2 (Radiography Programme), S1 (Nursing Programme) and S2 (Specialist Nursing Programme, including the Midwifery Programme).

The table covers 767 students from 16 countries. Iraq with 287 representatives, followed by Finland with 101, Syria with 92, Iran with 70, and Afghanistan with 45 account for the majority of these students.

The corresponding numbers of students from the other countries vary from 11 at the lowest to 26 at the highest. The lowest number refers to Thailand and the highest to Somalia.

Table 5.5. Number of foreign-born students from countries with at least ten representatives in the

disciplinary domain in each study programme

Country of birth Study programmes in alphabetical order (abbreviated names)21

Total A B1 B2 F1 F2 L1 L2 M R1 R2 S1 S2

IRAQ 134 7 1 6 0 2 18 5 105 2 4 3 287

FINLAND 3 1 2 3 3 2 74 4 0 0 4 5 101

SYRIA 47 5 2 3 0 0 7 1 25 1 1 0 92

IRAN 24 4 2 1 0 0 5 3 11 2 11 7 70

AFGHANISTAN 16 1 0 3 0 1 5 1 11 2 3 2 45

SOMALIA 8 0 1 0 0 2 2 1 7 1 4 0 26

GERMANY 6 1 0 0 1 0 1 7 1 0 0 2 19

BANGLADESH 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 12 1 0 1 1 17

CHINA 1 0 1 4 0 0 2 5 2 0 2 0 17

GREECE 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 12 0 1 0 0 16

RUSSIA 2 1 3 2 0 0 4 0 0 0 4 0 16

EGYPT 6 1 0 1 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 1 13

UKRAINE 1 0 0 1 0 0 3 0 4 1 2 1 13

POLAND 4 1 0 0 1 0 1 2 2 0 1 0 12

TURKEY 4 0 1 0 0 0 4 0 2 0 0 1 12

THAILAND 1 2 0 0 0 1 1 2 3 0 1 0 11

Total 257 25 14 26 5 8 128 59 174 10 38 23 767

Table 5.6 shows the proportions of foreign-born students from countries with at least ten representatives in the disciplinary domain, broken down by study programme and country of birth.

Approximately eight out of ten students born in Iraq and Syria and nearly six out of ten students born in Afghanistan were studying the Master of Science Programme in Pharmacy and/or the Bachelor of Science Programme in Pharmacy.

21 A (Master of Science Programme in Pharmacy), B1 (Biomedical Laboratory Science Programme), B2 (Biomedicine Programme), F1 (Faculty of Pharmacy second-cycle (Master’s) programmes), F2 (Physiotherapy Programme), L1 (Speech and Language Pathology Programme), L2 (Medicine Programme), M (Faculty of Medicine second-cycle (Master’s) programmes), R1 (Bachelor of Science Programme in Pharmacy), R2 (Radiography Programme), S1 (Nursing Programme) and S2 (Specialist Nursing Programme, including the Midwifery Programme).

57

Of the students born in Finland, three out of ten were studying the Master of Science Programme in

Pharmacy or the Bachelor of Science Programme in Pharmacy compared to just over seven out of ten

who were studying the Medicine Programme.

Students from the other countries were found in varying numbers in the different study

programmes. It is worth noting perhaps that more than 70 per cent of students from both

Bangladesh and Greece were studying the Faculty of Medicine second-cycle (Master’s)

programmes.

Table 5.6. Share of foreign-born students from countries with at least ten representatives in the

disciplinary domain in each study programme (%)

Country of birth

Study programmes in alphabetical order (abbreviated names)22 Total

A B1 B2 F1 F2 L1 L2 M R1 R2 S1 S2

IRAQ

46.7

2.4

0.3

2.1

0.0

0.7

6.3

1.7

36.6

0.7

1.4

1.0

100.0

FINLAND

3.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

3.0

2.0

73.3

4.0

0.0

0.0

4.0

5.0

100.0

SYRIA

51.1

5.4

2.2

3.3

0.0

0.0

7.6

1.1

27.2

1.1

1.1

0.0

100.0

IRAN

34.3

5.7

2.9

1.4

0.0

0.0

7.1

4.3

15.7

2.9

15.7

10.0

100.0

AFGHANISTAN

35.6

2.2

0.0

6.7

0.0

2.2

11.1

2.2

24.4

4.4

6.7

4.4

100.0

SOMALIA

30.8

0.0

3.8

0.0

0.0

7.7

7.7

3.8

26.9

3.8

15.4

0.0

100.0

GERMANY

31.6

5.3

0.0

0.0

5.3

0.0

5.3

36.8

5.3

0.0

0.0

10.5

100.0

BANGLADESH

0.0

5.9

0.0

5.9

0.0

0.0

0.0

70.6

5.9

0.0

5.9

5.9

100.0

CHINA

5.9

0.0

5.9

23.5

0.0

0.0

11.8

29.4

11.8

0.0

11.8

0.0

100.0

GREECE

0.0

0.0

6.3

6.3

0.0

0.0

6.3

75.0

0.0

6.3

0.0

0.0

100.0

RUSSIA

12.5

6.3

18.8

12.5

0.0

0.0

25.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

25.0

0.0

100.0

EGYPT

46.2

7.7

0.0

7.7

0.0

0.0

0.0

30.8

0.0

0.0

0.0

7.7

100.0

UKRAINE

7.7

0.0

0.0

7.7

0.0

0.0

23.1

0.0

30.8

7.7

15.4

7.7

100.0

POLAND

33.3

8.3

0.0

0.0

8.3

0.0

8.3

16.7

16.7

0.0

8.3

0.0

100.0

TURKEY

33.3

0.0

8.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

33.3

0.0

16.7

0.0

0.0

8.3

100.0

THAILAND

9.1

18.2

0.0

0.0

0.0

9.1

9.1

18.2

27.3

0.0

9.1

0.0

100.0

Total

33.5

3.3

1.8

3.4

0.7

1.0

16.7

7.7

22.7

1.3

5.0

3.0

100.0

22 A (Master of Science Programme in Pharmacy), B1 (Biomedical Laboratory Science Programme), B2 (Biomedicine Programme), F1 (Faculty of Pharmacy second-cycle (Master’s) programmes), F2 (Physiotherapy Programme), L1 (Speech and Language Pathology Programme), L2 (Medicine Programme), M (Faculty of Medicine second-cycle (Master’s) programmes), R1 (Bachelor of Science Programme in Pharmacy), R2 (Radiography Programme), S1 (Nursing Programme) and S2 (Specialist Nursing Programme, including the Midwifery Programme).

58

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

8 16 16 18 20

28 27 40 41

92 84 84 82 80

72 73 60 59

Women Men

Sex and background Chart 5.2 shows the share of women and men among students in each of the study programmes. In

total, 73 per cent of students in the disciplinary domain were women and 27 per cent men. In nine

out of a total of 12 programmes, the proportion of women is higher than 73 per cent. The highest

proportion of women was found in the Speech and Language Pathology Programme, where more

than nine out of ten students were women. This was followed by the Nursing Programme where, as

in the Specialist Nursing Programme, 84 per cent of the students were women. The corresponding

figure in the Biomedical Laboratory Science Programme is 82 per cent and 80 per cent in the

Bachelor of Science Programme in Pharmacy. In four of the remaining programmes, approximately

three out of four students are women and in only two programmes, this figure is approximately six

out of ten. These are the Physiotherapy Programme and the Medicine Programme.

Chart 5.2 Share of women and men among students in each study programme (%)

23 25 25 26

77

75

75

74

Speech and Language Pathology Programme Nursing Programme Specialist Nursing Programme Biomedical Laboratory Science Programme Bachelor of Science Programme in Pharmacy Radiography Programme Master of Science Programme in Pharmacy Biomedicine Programme Master’s programmes at the Faculty of Medicine Master’s programmes at the Faculty of Pharmacy Physiotherapy Programme Medicine Programme Total

With Swedish and foreign backgrounds

Chart 5.3 shows the proportions of women students with Swedish background and with foreign

background. Overall, the differences in representation by sex among students with Swedish and

with foreign backgrounds are not great. Students with Swedish background are 72 per cent women

and those with a foreign background are 74 per cent women.

Neither are there great differences in the sex of students in most study programmes. The

exception is the Physiotherapy Programme, where there are significantly more women students

with Swedish background (63 per cent) than with a foreign background (41 per cent). A similar

59

situation also applies to the Faculty of Medicine second-cycle (Master’s) programmes, where 83

per cent of students with Swedish background are women, compared with 70 per cent of students

with a foreign background.

The highest proportion of women with Swedish background were found in the Speech and

Language Pathology Programme (93 per cent) and of women with a foreign background in the

Nursing Programme (89 per cent).

Chart 5.3. Share of students with Swedish and foreign backgrounds who are women (%)23

Speech and Language Pathology Programme Nursing Programme Specialist Nursing Programme Biomedical Laboratory Science Programme Bachelor of Science Programme in Pharmacy Master of Science Programme in Pharmacy Biomedicine Programme Master’s programmes at the Faculty of Medicine Physiotherapy Programme Medicine Programme Total

Region of birth This section covers only the two largest student groups: born in Sweden and born in Asia.

Whether born in Sweden or Asia, there are many more women students in most study

programmes than men. The proportion of students born in Sweden who are women was over 80

per cent in seven study programmes and over 75 per cent in three other programmes. Only in the

Physiotherapy Programme and the Medicine Programme does the corresponding proportion

amount to 60 per cent.

The same pattern as above also applies to students born in Asia. The proportion of these students

23 The figures have been calculated from the numbers stated in Table 5.1.

100 93

90 88 89

84 85 86 86 80 81 83

79 80 74 76 77

73 70

72 74

70 63

60 59 58

50 41

40

30

20

10

0


60

who are women is 100 per cent in one study programme, close to 100 per cent in another

programme, and between 70 and 80 per cent in seven other programmes. Only in the Medicine

Programme do we see relatively even distributions of men and women (see Chart 5.4).

Chart 5.4. Share of students born in Sweden and in Asia who are women (%)

Speech and Language Pathology Programme Nursing Programme Specialist Nursing Programme Biomedical Laboratory Science Programme Bachelor of Science Programme in Pharmacy Radiography Programme Master of Science Programme in Pharmacy Biomedicine Programme Master’s programmes at the Faculty of Medicine Master’s programmes at the Faculty of Pharmacy Physiotherapy Programme Medicine Programme

100 100 92

96

90 84 85 85 87 83 82 83

80 79

76 79

75 75 76 75 71 70

70 67 62

60 58

50 48

40

30

20

10 0

0

Sweden Asia

61

Part III –Diversity among doctoral students

62

6 Doctoral students in the disciplinary domain

Diversity among doctoral students who are employed by Uppsala University has been described in

the first part of this report. This chapter describes the diversity of all doctoral students in the

disciplinary domain, i.e. including those who are not employed by Uppsala University.

As in the previous parts of this report, the number and share of doctoral students are reported

first by Swedish or foreign background, then by region of birth and country of birth, and finally by

sex and background. As in SCB’s statistics, sex is reported solely on the basis of legal sex.

Swedish or foreign background Table 6.1 shows the numbers of doctoral students with Swedish and foreign backgrounds in the

disciplinary domain. The total number of doctoral students was 744. Of these, 289 were employed

by Uppsala University and 455 were employed by organisations other than the University.

About six per cent of the doctoral students were born in Sweden with one parent born in

Sweden and one foreign-born parent compared with close to 47 per cent who were born in

Sweden with both parents born in Sweden.

Just over 40 per cent were foreign-born compared with just over three per cent who were born

in Sweden with two foreign-born parents. The remaining 3.5 per cent were not found (No match)

in SCB’s population register.

Table 6.1 Number of doctoral students with Swedish and foreign backgrounds in the disciplinary domain

Swedish background

Foreign background

No match

Total




Number 48 362 312 25 27 774

Share (%) 6.2 46.8 40.3 3.2 3.5 100.0

In total, 53 per cent of the doctoral students have Swedish background and 44 per cent have a foreign background.

Chart 6.1. Share of doctoral students with Swedish and foreign backgrounds in the disciplinary domain (%)

3

44 53


63

30

25 24

20 19 18

17 15 15

15 14 12

10

5

0

GERMANY IRAN CHINA INDIA IRAQ FINLAND ICELAND ITALY

Regions of birth Table 6.2 shows the distribution of doctoral students in the disciplinary domain by region of birth.

After those born in Sweden with 435 representatives come those born in the EU28 (excl. Nordic

countries) with 115 representatives, and those born in Asia with 102. Of the remainder, 42 were

born in the Nordic countries (except Sweden), 21 in Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries), 11 in

Africa, 12 in North America, and six in South America.

In round figures, 56 per cent of the doctoral students were born in Sweden, 15 per cent in the EU28

(excl. Nordic countries) and 13 per cent in Asia. The proportion born in the Nordic countries (except

Sweden) is just over five per cent, in Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries) close to three per

cent, in Africa almost 1.5 per cent, and in North America just over 1.5 per cent. Doctoral students

born in South America have the lowest proportion at less than one per cent.

Table 6.2. Numbers of doctoral students in the disciplinary domain by region of birth



South America

Rest of the

world

No match Total

Number 435 42 115 21 11 102 12 6 3 27 774

Share (%) 56.2 5.4 14.9 2.7 1.4 13.2 1.6 0.8 0.4 3.5 100.0


Country of birth Chart 6.2 shows the number of foreign-born doctoral students from countries with at least 10

representatives. The chart covers eight countries with a total of 134 representatives, which

corresponds to approximately 43 per cent of all foreign-born doctoral students in the

disciplinary domain.

The number of doctoral students from each country shows a gradual decline. Germany, with 24

representatives, tops the list, followed by Iran with 19, China with 18, India with 17, Iraq and Finland

with 15 each, Iceland with 14, and Italy with 12 representatives.

Chart 6.2. Numbers of foreign-born doctoral students from countries with at least 10 representatives24

24 Excluding the 27 doctoral students not found (No match) in SCB’s population register.

64

Sex and background Table 6.3 shows the share of women and men among doctoral students with Swedish and foreign

backgrounds. About 57 per cent of all doctoral students were women and 43 per cent were men.

The proportion of women in the largest group, those born in Sweden with both parents born in

Sweden, is 58 per cent and among the foreign-born doctoral students this figure is 56 per cent.

The two smaller groups born in Sweden were also 56 per cent women.

Chart 6.3. Share of women and men among doctoral students with Swedish and foreign backgrounds (%)

Sex

Swedish background

Foreign background

No match

Total




Women 56 58 56 56 44 57

Men 44 42 44 44 56 43

Total 100 100 100 100 100 100

In total, 58 per cent of doctoral students with Swedish background and 56 per cent with a foreign

background are women compared with 44 per cent of the small group not found (No match) in

SCB’s population register.

Chart 6.3. Share of women and men among doctoral students with Swedish and foreign backgrounds (%)

Regions of birth Chart 4.6 shows the share of women and men among doctoral students by region of birth.

Most doctoral student groups showed a fairly even distribution of women and men. The most equal

distribution was found among doctoral students born in Asia, who are roughly half women. This group

is followed by those born in the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) with 56 per cent women and those born

in Sweden at 58 per cent.

Among the smaller foreign-born groups, those born in Africa showed the most equal distribution,

and those born in Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries) the least equal. Of doctoral students

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0


Women Men

44 57 56 58

43 56

44 42

65

born in Africa, 55 per cent are women, compared with just over 70 per cent born in Europe (excl.

EU28 and Nordic countries).

There were only three doctoral students born in Rest of the world, all of whom are women. Chart 4.6. Share of women and men among doctoral students by region of birth (%)25


25 The number of doctoral students from each region is shown in Table 6.2.

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10

0

0

100

Women Men

44

49

55

57

56

58

60

67

67

71

43

56

33

33

51

45

29 44

40

42

66

7 Concluding reflections

This report has been produced with the aim of providing additional data for making planning and

development decisions for activities at individual units within the Disciplinary Domain of Medicine

and Pharmacy. The data content of this report can be used in a variety of contexts. Broadening the

recruitment of students, internationalisation efforts, and work with gender equality and diversity

are a few examples.

This report indicates both similarities and differences in diversity among employees in different job

groups and students in individual study programmes. Only a few major observations are

mentioned below, as these appear to be important to take into account from the perspectives of

diversity or equal opportunity.

Employees The disciplinary domain has a relatively high proportion of employees with a foreign background:

38 per cent compared with 28 per cent for Sweden’s population in the relevant age group.26

However, the majority of those with a foreign background work as researchers and doctoral

students. Just over 63 per cent of all those with a foreign background work as either a researcher or

a doctoral student compared with just under 29 per cent of all employees with Swedish

background. This means that the proportion of employees with a foreign background is higher than

the proportion with Swedish background in the occupational groups researchers and doctoral

students.

On the other hand, compared to the average for the disciplinary domain and Sweden as a whole, we

have very low proportions of employees with a foreign background among professors, senior

lecturers and other teaching staff.

The most striking observation is that only 34 out of a total of 1,652 employees in the disciplinary

domain were born in Sweden with two foreign-born parents. This means that to a very large extent

employees with a foreign background in the disciplinary domain are foreign-born, and in addition

born mainly in the EU28 (excluding the Nordic countries) and/or in Asia. One of these regions

accounts for almost four in in ten and the other for almost one in three of all foreign-born

employees in the disciplinary domain. This means that those born in the other six regions account

for around 30 per cent of all foreign-born employees, although to varying degrees in terms of the

number of employees from each region.

26 In December 2018, 28.3 per cent of Sweden’s population in the age group 25–65 had a foreign background.

67

Table 7.1. Numbers of foreign-born employees by region of birth

Region of birth

Number Share (%)

EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) 225 38

Asia 186 32

Nordic countries (except Sweden) 55 9

Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries) 42 7

North America 24 4

Africa 23 4

Rest of the world 17 3

South America 13 2

Total 585 100

68

Students Approximately three per cent of all students in the disciplinary domain lacked a complete Swedish personal identity number and therefore SCB has not been able to provide information about their background. If these students are included, then just over 40 per cent of the students in the disciplinary domain have a foreign background. This is approximately eight percentage points higher than the corresponding proportion of Sweden’s population in the relevant age group.27

A large majority of students with a foreign background and especially those born in Asia belong to the Faculty of Pharmacy. Of all students at the Faculty of Medicine, approximately one out of four has a foreign background compared with three out of four at the Faculty of Pharmacy.

Unlike the case with employees, the disciplinary domain has a large number of students born in Sweden with two foreign-born parents. Approximately 12 per cent of all students in the disciplinary domain have this background compared with around two per cent of all employees.

This circumstance may be beneficial for Sweden’s social development, given that this group is a fairly large and rapidly growing population group in Sweden.

Foreign-born students have a highly skewed distribution per region of birth. Roughly six out of ten foreign-born students in the disciplinary domain were born in Asia, compared with roughly one in ten

born in the EU28 (excluding the Nordic countries), the Nordic countries (except Sweden), or Africa. Only two per cent of foreign-born students in the disciplinary domain were born in South or North America.

Table 7.2. Numbers of foreign-born students by region of birth

Region of birth

Number Share (%)

Asia 613 60

Nordic countries (except Sweden) 123 12

EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) 101 10

Africa 91 9

Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries) 60 6

North America 19 2

South America 18 2

Rest of the world 2 0

1,027 100

The differences in numbers of employees and students from one and the same region outlined above mean that some student groups are able to identify with the staff in general and the teaching staff in particular to a much greater extent than other groups. For example, a student who was born in an EU country (excluding the Nordic countries) has a much greater chance of connecting with an employee with the same background than a student who was born in Asia. This is because the number of employees born in the EU countries (excluding the Nordic countries) is more than twice the number of students born in the same region, while the number of employees born in Asia is roughly one third of the number of students from Asia.

The same differences as outlined above are found to a large extent at the country of birth level. The report shows

27 In December 2018, 32.1 per cent of Sweden’s population in the age group 20–39 had a foreign background.

69

that students born in Iraq are by far the largest group of foreign-born students in the disciplinary domain. Interestingly, however, this group (born in Iraq) is conspicuous by its absence among employees, since even at the disciplinary domain level, there do not appear to be at least ten employees born in Iraq.

Sex and background In total, just over six out of ten employees in the disciplinary domain are women. Employees with a

foreign background are slightly less often women (two per cent) than employees with Swedish

background.

The occupational group exhibiting the least gender equality is the managers group, with 86 per

cent women. This group is followed by other teaching staff (78 per cent women) and

administrators (74 per cent women).

The professors occupational group on the other hand, is made up of 70 per cent men and 30 per

cent women. The other occupational groups have a more balanced gender distribution.

The proportion of women among students is higher than among employees. Just over 73 per cent

of all students in the disciplinary domain are women. There is no major difference between

students with Swedish or with foreign background in this respect.

In the Faculty of Pharmacy, the proportion of female students is four percentage points higher than

the average for the disciplinary domain. This applies to students with Swedish and foreign

backgrounds.

In a large majority of the relevant study programmes, the students are predominately women (70-90

per cent). In only two study programmes does the proportion of women stop at 60 per cent.

Representativeness index A measure that can be used for assessing over-representation and under-representation is the

representativeness index. This index takes into account the proportion of employees or students

with a particular background in relation to the proportion of the population of Sweden with the same

background. If the proportion of employees or students is greater than the population’s share with

the same background, then we can say that the population group in question is over-represented

among our employees or students. Similarly, we can say that the population group in question is

under-represented among our employees or students if its share of employees or students is less

than the corresponding share of the population.

Calculation of the representativeness index The index value is calculated by dividing the degree to which a group is represented among employees

or students by the proportion of the population in the relevant age group. If these proportions are

equal, this division will give rise to the ratio 1, which indicates perfect representativeness.

Just as an index value of 1 indicates perfect representativeness, a value under 1 indicates an under-

representation of the population group in question and a value above 1 an over-representation. For

example, the index value 1.2 indicates a 20 per cent over-representation while the index value 0.8

means a 20 per cent under-representation.

This method can be used where needed to identify to what extent employees in different

occupational groups or students in different study programmes are representative of

Sweden’s population groups with Swedish or foreign backgrounds.

70

The representativeness indices for employees and students in the disciplinary domain are reported below.

Representativeness index for employees The employee representativeness index has been calculated by dividing the proportion of

employees with a certain background by the group’s share of Sweden’s population in the age group

25-64.

It is important to note that the significance of the over- or under-representation of a particular

population group is related primarily to the group’s share of Sweden’s population. This means that

the larger the proportion of the population that a group represents, the more difficult it is to remedy

an over- or under-representation of the group among our employees. For example, people born in

Asia account for almost 10 per cent of Sweden’s population in the 25-64 age group, while people

born in North America account for 0.5 per cent of the population in the same age group. If both of

these population groups were found to be under-represented by, for example, 30 per cent among

our employees, it would mean that in the first case we would need to employ far more people than

in the second case in order to achieve an optimum representativeness.

The same applies to assessing the significance of over-representation. A large over-representation

of a smaller group, such as those born in North America, in practice affects considerably fewer

people than a small over-representation of a larger group, such as those born in Asia.

Table 7.3 shows the representativeness index of different population groups among

employees in the disciplinary domain. Among employees, inhabitants with Swedish

background are under-represented by 10 per cent, while inhabitants with foreign

background are 30 per cent over-represented.

However, there are major differences among those with foreign backgrounds. Those born in Sweden

with two foreign-born parents are under-represented by around 40 per cent. Those born in Africa,

South America and Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries) are also under-represented among our

employees. The under-representation of people born in Africa is roughly 50 per cent and that of

people born in South America and in Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries) is 30 per cent.

On the other hand, those born in Asia, the Nordic countries (except Sweden), North America

and the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) are over-represented by 20, 60, 180 and 200 per cent,

respectively.

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Table 7.3. The representativeness index of different population groups among employees in the disciplinary domain

Background

Employees Population*

Index value Number Share (%) Number Share (%)

Sweden with two foreign-born parents 34 2.1 187,245 3.6 0.6

Africa 23 1.4 143,451 2.7 0.5

Asia 186 11.4 501,309 9.6 1.2

EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) 225 13.8 242,846 4.7 3.0

Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries)

42 2.6 197,754 3.8 0.7

Nordic countries (except Sweden) 55 3.4 110,742 2.1 1.6

North America 24 1.5 27,802 0.5 2.8

South America 13 0.8 55,489 1.1 0.7

Rest of the world 17 1.0 9,086 0.2 6.0

With foreign background (total) 619 37.8 1,475,724 28.3 1.3

With Swedish background 1,017 62.2 3,741,915 71.7 0.9

*Sweden’s population in the age group 25-64, December 2018.

Representativeness index for students The index values for the representativeness of different population groups among students have

been calculated by dividing the proportion of students with a certain background by birth by the

group’s share of Sweden’s population in the age group 20-39.

Table 7.4 shows the representativeness index of different population groups among

students in the disciplinary domain.28

Among students, inhabitants with Swedish background are under-represented by 10 per cent,

while inhabitants with foreign backgrounds are 20 per cent over-represented.

Three out of the total of eight population groups with a foreign background are over-represented.

These are those born in Sweden with two foreign-born parents, whose over-representation is 120

per cent; those born in Asia with an over-representation of 30 per cent; and those born in the

Nordic countries (except Sweden) who are over-represented by 190 per cent.

All other foreign-born groups are under-represented, but to varying degrees. Those born in Europe

(excl. EU28 and the Nordic countries) are under-represented by around 60 per cent and those born in

the EU28 (excl. Nordic countries) as well as those born in South America by around 50 per cent. The

corresponding under-representation for Sweden’s inhabitants born in Africa is 40 per cent and for

those born in North America is 10 per cent.

28 The 122 students who fall into the No match category cannot be included in this table, because they were not found in SCB’s population register.

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Table 7.4. The representativeness index of different population groups among students in the disciplinary domain

Background

Students Population*

Index value Number Share (%) Number Share (%)

Sweden with two foreign-born parents

494

12.7

150,278

5.6

2.2

Africa

91

2.3

96,846

3.6

0.6

Asia

613

15.7

312,464

11.7

1.3

EU28 (excl. Nordic countries)

101

2.6

130,393

4.9

0.5

Europe (excl. EU28 and Nordic countries)

60

1.5

94,561

3.5

0.4

Nordic countries (except Sweden)

123

3.2

28,601

1.1

2.9

North America

19

0.5

14,827

0.6

0.9

South America

18

0.5

25,455

1.0

0.5

Rest of the world

2

0.1

4,495

0.2

0.3

With foreign background (total)

1,521

39.0

857,920

32.1

1.2

With Swedish background

2,381

61.0

1,811,255

67.9

0.9

*Sweden’s population in the age group 20-39 years, December 2018.

diversity report 2018

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