Distributed System Architectures, Standardization, and Web-Service Solutions in Precision Agriculture

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KATJA POLOJÄRVI Oulu University of Applied Sciences, School of Renewable Natural Resources, Oulu, Finland MIKA LUIMULA, PERTTI VERRONEN AND MIKA PAHKASALO CENTRIA Research and Development, RFMedia Laboratory, Ylivieska, Finland MARKKU KOISTINEN MTT Agrifood Research Finland, Plant Production Research, Vihti, Finland JOUNI TERVONEN Oulu Southern Institute, RFMedia Laboratory, University of Oulu, Ylivieska, Finland

Outline Introduction Background

Motivation

Research Focus

Implementation of the system Locawe Platform

System Architecture

Conclusion Future Work Contact us, References

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Introduction Background In precision agriculture, planning, execution, monitoring and assessment of farming processes

are based on spatially referenced data decision-making requires data from many sources, e.g.

• farm based sensors, equipment and software • partners, advisors, authorities • external services and databases

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Improvements in crop production are achieved by using analyzed data in decision-making (Adapted from Pesonen et al. 2010).

Data requirements in precision farming, e.g. good quality and accuracy easy integration and transfer between different hardware, software,

and information systems integrated analysis and transformation of data into useful information effective management of GIS data Farm management information system (FMIS) for precision agriculture

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Suitable technologies for the implementation of FMIS for precision agriculture, e.g. Communication: SOAP, ISOBUS Data transfer XML (e.g., GML, ISOBUS-XML, AgroXML) Data storing: Relational and spatial databases (e.g, PostGIS) Geosensor networks (e.g., Nittel et al. 2004) Location platforms (e.g., Chu & Buyya 2007) Standards of Open Geospatial Consortium, e.g

• Sensor Web Enablement (SensorML) • OpenGIS Location Service (GMS) • OGC Web Services (WMS, WFS, WCS, WPS) 11.6.2012

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Motivation New methods for FMIS design available cf. research results achieved in InfoXT, CropInfra and FutureFarm

projects (e.g., Pesonen et al. 2008)

Currently there is a need for FMIS pilots and tests We will try to give our contribution to this discussion

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Research Focus To develop and implement the acquisition, storage, transfer, and management of spatial agricultural data To demonstrate interoperable solutions for the FMIS by applying a location-based service platform and a technology of geosensor networks To assure the quality of spatial data by utilizing appropriate standards: ISO 11783 and OGC’s standards

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Implementation of the system

Locawe Platform Location-aware system platform developed at CENTRIA Research and Development, Ylivieska, Finland Client-server solution for outdoor and indoor conditions Consists of mobile units and servers for services, e.g. tracking and communication Enables creation of user interfaces, which include location and sensor data, and different media formats

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Locawe – field experiments:

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Remote monitoring mobile robots (Luimula et al. 2010) Communication techniques in parallel learning (Sääskilahti et al. 2010)

Techniques for location selection (Luimula et al. 2007)

Automatic rotation and zooming (Partala et al. 2006)

Route visualization techniques (Lehtimäki et al. 2008)

Speed-dependent camera control in 3D mobile maps (Partala et al. 2009)

System Architecture

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Locawe Server

Web Feature Service SQL

Database UNDERGROUND

GEOSENSOR NODES

XML/ Compressed

XML

LAPTOP

GPS

CENTRIA Protocol

VEHICLE TASK CONTROLLER

MTT SERVERS

Proprietary protocol

SOAP Client CAN

GPS

Local Weather

XML/ Compressed

XML

XML

AGRI HANDLER

WEB SERVER

HTML

AGRI VIEWER

Conclusion Basic functionality of the system architecture was demonstrated and tested. Interfaces fulfilled requirements for interoperability and scalability. The use of chosen standards tackled both interoperability and quality requirements.

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Future Work Evaluation of a full performance in a near-deployment phase Implementation of new interfaces Web Coverage Service: delivery of the spatial data in raster format Web Processing Service: functionalities for geospatial processing of

data

Study of user acceptance and user experiences

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Thank You for Your Attention!

CONTACT US: KATJA POLOJÄRVI MIKA LUIMULA JOUNI TERVONEN MARKKU KOISTINEN Oulu University of Applied Sciences CENTRIA Research and Development Oulu Southern Institute MTT Agrifood Research Finland School of Renewable Natural Resources RFMedia Laboratory RFMedia Laboratory Plant Production Research Metsäkouluntie Vierimaantie 5 Vierimaantie 5 Vakolantie 55 FI-90660 Oulu FI-84100 Ylivieska FI-84100 Ylivieska FI-03400 Vihti FINLAND FINLAND FINLAND FINLAND katja.polojarvi@oamk.fi mika.luimula@centria.fi jouni.tervonen@oulu.fi markku.koistinen@mtt.fi oamk.fi/luova rfmedia.fi rfmedia.fi mtt.fi centria.cou.fi oei.fi

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References Chu, X. & R. Buyya 2007. Service Oriented Sensor Web. In Mahalik, N. P. (Ed.) Sensor Network and Configuration: Fundamentals, Standards, Platforms, and Applications. Springer-Verlag, Germany 2007, pp. 51-74.

Lehtimäki, T., T. Partala, M. Luimula & P. Verronen 2008. LocaweRoute: an Advanced Route History Visualization for Mobile Devices. Conference Proceedings of Advanced Visual Interfaces 2008: 392-395.

Luimula, M., K. Sääskilahti, T. Partala, S. Pieskä & J. Alaspää 2010. Remote Navigation of a Mobile Robot in a RFID‐augmented Environment. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing 2010 (14): 125‐136.

Luimula, M., K. Sääskilahti, T. Partala & O. Saukko 2007. A Field Comparison of Techniques for Location Selection on a Mobile Device. In Proceedings of the Wireless Applications and Computing 2007 (IADIS): 141-146.

Nittel, S., A. Stefanidis, I. Cruz, M. Egenhofer, D. Goldin, A. Howard, A. Labrinidis, S. Madden, A. Voisard & M. Worboys 2004. Report from the First Workshop on GeoSensor Networks (SIGMOD) 2004(33): 141-144.

Partala, T., T. Flink, M. Luimula & O. Saukko 2009. Speed-dependent camera control in 3D mobile roadmaps. In Proceedings of International Conference on Intelligent Interactive Assistance and Mobile Multimedia Computing (IMC 2009): 143-154

Partala, T., M. Luimula, & O. Saukko 2006. Automatic rotation and zooming in mobile roadmaps. In Proceedings of the 8th conference on human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services (MobileHCI’06): 668-675.

Pesonen L., J. Kaivosoja & P. Suomi 2010. Täsmäviljely ja ravinteiden käytön tarkentaminen. Teho-hankkeen julkaisuja : Tehoa maatalouden vesiensuojeluun 5/2010: 53 p.

Pesonen, L., H. Koskinen & A. Rydberg 2008. InfoXT – User-centric mobile information management in automated plant production. Nordic Innovation Centre, Oslo, Norway. 105 p.

Sääskilahti, K., O. Sippola, M. Luimula, J. Yli-Hemminki & T. Partala 2010. Location-based communication techniques in parallel learning between the classroom and the field. Int. J. Continuing Engineering Education and Life-Long Learning 2010(20): 21-39.

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