distributed computing and systems philippas tsigas distributed systems ii tda297(cth), dit290(gu)...
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Distributed Computing and Systems
Philippas Tsigas
Distributed Systems IITDA297(CTH), DIT290(GU)
Introduction & Overview
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About Us, the TAs
– Ioannis Nikolakopoulos [email protected]
Phone: 772 5720 Room: 5107– Ivan Walulya [email protected] Phone: 772 5720
Room: 5107– Aras Atalar
[email protected] Room: 5119
– Office hours: To be announced
WHY DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS?
LET’S HAVE A LOOK AT THE EVOLUTION OF COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Is this a Computer?
Is this a Computer?
Is this a Computer?
A modern automobile contains 50-100 ECUs and this number is increasing.
Is this a Computer?
Is this a Computer?
Is this a Computer?
Copyright – Facebook.com
Using skin to transmit informationJul 1st 2004 From The Economist print edition
IT SOUNDS like an April Fool's Day joke, but it isn't. Microsoft, that imperialist of the information-technology world, has actually succeeded in patenting the human body as a computer network. US Patent 6,754,472, issued to the company on June 22nd, is for a method and apparatus for transmitting power and data using the human body.…
Do You Know Where Your Data Are?
• Moore’s Law
The Future is Distributed
• Bell’s Law– New computing class every 10
years
year
log
(peo
ple
per c
ompu
ter)
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WHAT DOES INDUSTRY PROJECT?
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Tomorrow?
Today
2020: More than 50 Billion connected devices (Ericsson)
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Tomorrow?
Today
2020: More than 50 Billion connected devices (Ericsson)
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Tomorrow?
• Distributed Systems touch all aspects of daily life!– Integral building block for our networked society
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WHAT DOES SOCIETY NEED?
• Rapidly growing interest in distributed systems
– An alternative model for the provision of socially critical resources related fundamental services: transportation, energy, water, etc
Distributed Systems
This is occurring in response to a deepening awareness of the vulnerability of these services to the challenges, such as:
• climate change (i.e., greenhouse gas emissions) • resource scarcity (e.g., fossil fuel)
• Rapidly growing interest in distributed systems
– An alternative model for the provision of socially critical resources related fundamental services: transportation, energy, water, etc
– Simultaneously there is an increasing understanding of how localised and networked systems can act as a catalyst for social innovation, social connectedness, citizen engagement and community resilience
Distributed Systems
These are all lessons that were learned from the unforeseen development of the Internet!
Vehicular systems are distributed systems
Transportation can dramatically improve via distributed coordination
Vehicular systems are expected to gear vehicles with autopilot capabilities, improve safety, reduce
energy consumption, lessen CO2 omission…
Currently, these solutions are not allowed to operate on public roads, as the risk of
causing severe damage cannot be excluded with sufficient certainty
Inherently Uncertain Environment
Highly Available Complex Control
SensorsControl
Environment
User
Communications
How can we affordably validate the safety properties of future large-
scale vehicular systems?
- The electricity grid facilitated the innovations of the 20th century - The SmartGrid is to support the green advances
of the 21st. Without it, much of the other green technology cannot work
The SmartGrid is a Distributed System
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The SmartGrid is a Distributed System
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improve and protect these systems through:• adaptive coordination for distribution/allocation => energy-
efficiency: e.g. microgrids, virtual powerplants
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THE COURSE STRUCTURE
Reading
• 5th Edition of the book: "Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design" – written by: George Coulouris, Jean Dollimore and
Tim Kindberg, Gordon Blair– published by Addison-Wesley, ISBN 0-13-214301-1
• Some extra material: Distributed Algorithms (Notes) + papers.
Description
Distributed systems are popular and powerful computing paradigms. Their importance increases as networked computers become more common than freestanding ones, especially since many different types of computers can be found in networks. In this course we will see the points of inherent difference and strength of distributed systems compared with sequential or strongly-coupled systems; consequently, we will also study the issues and problems that have to be addressed and solved efficiently for these differences to be taken advantage of, so that the system retains its strength and high potential.
Course Goals
1.Replication; The advantages and costs of replicating data:
– Potential improvement in response times and reliability– Extra communication costs involved in keeping data
consistent.2.Fault-tolerant Agreement in Distributed Systems:
– (a very special and significant problem, since it is a key issue in most synchronisation and coordination problems in distributed systems)
– Study of the basic impossibility results and discuss their implications
– Proceed with solutions and protocols for systems with certain strengths and design structures.
Goals cont.
3. Resource Allocation:Scalable and Fault-tolerant (Local) Resource
Allocation
4. Distributed algorithms: How to design and analyse distributed
algorithms?
5. Sensor Networks:Energy issues
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Course Goals in a Nutshell
• Lectures: Teach you to analyze and understand how Basic Components of Distributed Systems work.
• Labs: Give you hands-on experience – Feel the challenges– Master the techniques
• Have some fun!– Optional: you can pass this course without
Approximate Course Schedule
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Resources
Course Homepage• http://www.cse.chalmers.se/edu/course/TDA297/• http://
pingpong.chalmers.se/public/courseId/3499/lang-sv/publicPage.do?item=1690031
Slides: • At homepage after lecture• Last years slides available, use them as a reference point before the
lecture: • http://pingpong.chalmers.se/public/courseId/2284/lang-sv/publicPage.d
o?item=1119047• http://www.cse.chalmers.se/edu/year/2013/course/TDA297/
Full support page for the Coulouris’ book:• http://www.cdk5.net/
Labs
1st Assignment: • Distributed bulletin board
URL from the previous year:http://
pingpong.chalmers.se/public/courseId/2284/lang-sv/publicPage.do?item=1118129
New page coming up soon
Labs cont(2).
2nd Assignment:• Reliable and ordered multicast
http://pingpong.chalmers.se/public/courseId/2284/lang-sv/publicPage.do?item=1118978
3nd Assignment:• Routing in Sensor Networkshttp://
pingpong.chalmers.se/public/courseId/2284/lang-sv/publicPage.do?item=1118978
Homework assignment (Optional)
• You will get up to 5 extra points for the exam depending on the quality of your work
• Select a paper related to one of the specified topics, write a report of 2-3 pages and present it in 15-20 minutes (including 5 minutes of discussion)
• The report and presentations include the explanation of main ideas in the paper together with some background information
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To Pass
• Pass all 3 labs tasks– Not graded– 2 students per group, if possible
• Pass written exam– Graded
• (extra points from the Homework assignment)
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Lectures: Please Come to Class
• Lectures deepen and discuss– Difficult to do from just slides or book
• This is key!
– Ask questions• Do not be shy
• In general– Statistically shown: People who come to class have
• Better grades • A higher probability of passing
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Labs: Deadlines• Submission: submit your final solution
– Each submission will be graded: pass / no pass– Feedback: At the “Assignment Lectures: …
+ Questions and answers for all labs.”
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Questions?