DISTRACTED DRIVINGBy: Joe MacGregor, Jeff Goldkamp, Doug Prikockis

Distracted Driving

Virtually everyone owns a cell phone

Some studies indicate that drivers using their cell phones are 4 times more likely to be involved in an accident

The Federal Government warns motorists about using their cell phones while driving, but no state legislation has made it illegal

According to a Harvard study, 2,600 traffic deaths are caused by driving on their cell phone

570,000 accidents leading to minor or serious injuries are a result of a driver(s) using their cell phones while driving

Collecting Data

We wanted to research how many people were on their phones while driving

1412 total vehicles 252 drivers on their cell

phones Observed type of car Three Locations

Bristol Road & 611 3-4 pm

611 & Valley Square 4:05-5:05 pm

County Line & 152 5:20-6:20 pm

We observed the most amount of cell phone users at County Line & 152

We expected to see more people using their cell phones

Proportion of females was greater than the proportion of females using their cell phones

1 PROP Z-TEST

1 Prop Z-Test Cont.

Assumptions 1. SRS 1.assumed 2.np>10 2.

1412(.17847)>10 n(1-p)>10

1412(.82153)>103. pop>10*n 3.

pop>10(1412)

1 Prop Z-Test

Yes No0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

18%

82%

On Phone

yes no

Exploratory Data Analysis

From our observations, we found that 18% of drivers were on their cell phones, while 82% were not

252 drivers were on their cell phones

1160 were not on their cell phones

We believe that the majority of people don’t use their cell phones while driving

1 Prop Z-Test Cont.

Ho: p=.2 Ha: p>.2

P(z>0.0462)=0.4816 We fail to reject Ho because p-value is >α=0.05 We have sufficient evidence that the observed

number of drivers using their cell phones is close if not equal to the national average of .2

Z p p

p(1 p)n

0.0462

2 PROP Z-TEST

2 prop Z-test Assumptions

State

2 Independent SRS

mm

ff

mm

mm

ff

ff

npop

npop

pn

pn

pn

pn

10

10

)1(

)1(

10

10

CheckAssumed

.2118 x 656 = 138.94

.7882 x 656 = 524.28

.1495 x 756= 113.02

.8505 x 756 = 642.98Pop > 6560Pop > 7560

2 Prop Z-Test

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

Male

no yes

count

Collection 6 Bar Chart

100

200

300

400

500

600

Female

no yes

count

Collection 6 Bar Chart

2 Prop Z-Test

53%

29%

10%

7%

On Phone

Car Suv Truck Van

Exploratory Data Analysis

Overall females were on their phone more than males

We observed more males then females 21% female, 15% male

We believe that females drive and use their cell phones more than males

Of the people driving on using their cell phones 53%-car 30%-SUV 10%-truck 7%-van

2 Prop Z-Test

0011.)7162.1(

06.311

)ˆ1(ˆ

ˆˆ

:

:

zP

nnpp

ppz

ppHa

ppHo

mf

mf

mf

mf

2 Prop Z-test cont.

We reject Ho because p-value<α=0.05

We have sufficient evidence that the proportion of women driving while using their cell phones is greater than the proportion of men who drive and use their cell phones

CHI SQUARED TEST

Chi Squared Assumptions

2 independent SRS

All expected counts are > 5

2 independent SRS Assumed

Assumed

Chi Squared Test

Ho: there is no association between type of car and using a cell phone

Ha: there is an association between type of car and using a cell phone

76.8...214.4

)214.48(

189.16

)189.1616()( 2222

Exp

ExpObs

P(χ2>8.76/df=6)= .1873104

Chi Squared Test

We fail to reject Ho because p-value>α=0.05

We have sufficient evidence that there is no association between type of car and using a cell phone

We believe that the type of car does not effect whether the driver uses their cell phone

Observed/Expected Counts

Bristol

611 1520%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

TruckSedanVanSuv

Exploratory Data Analysis

Cell phone users were driving sedans more than other vehicles

Vans seemed to have lowest cell phone users

The intersection of 152 & County line road has the most cell phone users

We believe that more people drive sedans and use cell phones (than any other vehicle)

Lurking Variables Sources of error/bias

Time of day-morning, lunch hour, rush hour

Weather conditions- people may be more inclined to text when the weather is nice

Day of the week Traffic conditions Blue tooth Tinted windows Miscommunication Not recording gender

correctly Manual or automatic

Personal Opinion

We enjoyed collecting the data

We expected more females to use their cell phones while driving, which was true based on our data

We didn’t expect people driving while playing psp or reading a book