distillery

Distillery Plant

INDEX

SR. NO TOPIC PAGE NO

1 INTRODUCTION

2 MANFACTURING PROCESS

3 BIOGAS PRODUCTION

4 R.O PLANT

5 CONCLUSION

6 REFERENCE

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INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION

Distillery Plant

We student of Bharati vidyapeeth college of engineering ,Kolhapur has visited one of leading distillery companies in India. The company name

THE KOLHAPUR SUGAR MILLS LTD , DISTILLERY DIVISION ,Kasaba bawada,kolhapur -416006.

The 295 distilleries in India produce 2.7 billion litres of alcohol and generating 40 billion litres of wastewater annually. The enormous distillery wastewater has potential to produce 1100 million cubic meters of biogas. The population equivalent of distillery wastewater based on BOD has been reported to be as high as 6.2 billion which means that contribution of distillery waste in India to organic pollution is approximately seven times more than the entire Indian population. The wastewater from distilleries, major portion of which is spentwash, is nearly 15 times the total alcohol production. This massive quantity, approximately 40 billion litres of effluent, If disposed untreated can cause considerable stress on the water courses leading to widespread damage to aquatic life

One of the most important environmental problems faced by the

world is management of wastes. Industrial processes create a variety of

wastewater pollutants; which are difficult and costly to treat. Wastewater

characteristics and levels of pollutants vary significantly from industry to industry.

Now-a-days emphasis is laid on waste minimization and revenue generation

through byproduct recovery. Pollution prevention focuses on preventing the

generation of wastes, while waste minimization refers to reducing the volume or

toxicity of hazardous wastes by water recycling and reuse, and process

modifications and the byproduct recovery as a fall out of manufacturing process

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creates ample scope for revenue generation thereby offsetting the costs

substantially.

Production of ethyl alcohol in distilleries based on cane sugar

molasses constitutes a major industry in Asia and South America. The world’s

total production of alcohol from cane molasses is more than13 million m3/annum.

The aqueous distillery effluent stream known as spent wash is a dark brown highly

organic effluent and is approximately 12-15 times by volume of the product

alcohol. It is one of the most complex, troublesome and strongest organic

industrial effluents, having extremely high COD and BOD values. Because of the

high concentration of organic load, distillery spent wash is a potential source of

renewable energy.

Production of ethyl alcohol in distilleries based on cane sugar

molasses constitutes a major industry in India. The world’s total production of

alcohol from cane molasses is more than 13 million m3/annum. The aqueous

distillery effluent stream known as spent wash is a dark brown highly organic

effluent and is approximately 12-15 times by volume of the product alcohol. It is

one of the most complex, troublesome and strongest organic industrial effluents,

having extremely high COD and BOD values. Because of the high concentration

of organic load, distillery spent wash is a potential source of renewable energy.

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MANUFACTURING PROCESS MANUFACTURING PROCESS

Distillery Plant

General Description of the Plant:

Feed is received in a level controlled balance tank and passed backward

through pre-heaters using vapor from preceding effect as heating medium. Pre-

heated feed is then fed to the 1st effect calandria. It is uniformly distributed in the

calandria top so that liquid falls inside the tube area in the form of thin film. Dry

saturated steam/vapor is supplied as heating medium in the jacket which causes

evaporation of water from feed liquid in the calandria. Vapors generated are

separated in 1st vapor separator and passed in the jacket of 2nd calandria as heating

medium. Concentrated product from 1st effect is fed to calandria of 2nd effect. It

then it passes through all the effect to meet its final required concentration. Product

with desired solid content from last effect is taken out. Vapors from last effect are

condensed in surface condenser. All the evaporation effects operate under vacuum

maintained by vacuum pump/system. The concentrated product at the desired

concentration is continuously taken out from the plant.

To lower the steam utility consumption, TVR (Thermal Vapor

Recompression) system is used. Part of vapors from intermediate effect is

thermally recompressed by motive steam and mix flow is given in the jacket to 1 st

effect of evaporator.

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Five Effect Falling Film Evaporator with TVR System for 24 m3/h bio-

machinated effluent for concentrating from 4.2% solids to 40% solids. Based on

the Material of construction we offer the evaporator with Two options:

MOC

All Product Contact Parts Except

Tube: J-4

Steam/Vapor/Condensate contact

parts-MS

Calandria tubes – SS 304

Pumps contact parts – SS 304

& C Mixing of Concentrate at 40% solids from evaporator with Bagasse and dry

it in the rotary dryer to get dried Bagasse mix as fuel to boiler at 15% moisture.

The feed characteristics considered are:

Total Solids in feed effluent –4.2%

pH – 7.0 -7.5

Suspended Solids <500 PPM

Specific gravity = 1.01

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Please note that in our evaporation system the feed should be free from

suspended solids. For separation of suspended solids please keep provision of

settling tank/clarifier/decanter.

The effluent powder generated by drying the concentrate+Bagasse mix

would have Calorific Value approx. 2500- 2800kcal/kg and can be used as a fuel

for burning into boiler for generation of steam/energy.

Material and Energy balance chart :

Bio-Methanated effluent

Operation : 20 hrs/Day

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EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANT FOR RO REJECT OF BIO-METHANATED EFFLUENT FOR

480 m3/day CAPACITY ( 24 m3/h), Sp Gr=1.01

Five Effect Falling Film

Evaporating System with TVR.

Feed effluent, 24,240 kg/h at 4.2% TS (24 m3/h)

Water Evaporation21,695 kg/h

Concentrate 2545 kg/h at 40% TS

Dry saturated Steam

At 9 kg/cm2-g

A

A. EVAPORATOR FOR EFFLUENT CONCENTRATION

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B. ROTARY DRYER FOR DRYING CONCENTRATE +BAGASSE MIX

Water evaporation 2395 kg/h

Concentrate +Bagasse Mix5090kg/h at 45.0% TS

Hot air

Dried mix2695 kg/h

at 15% moisture

Mixed Bagasse fired hot air generator

1000 kg/h Mixed Bagasse Fuel

Mixing in Twin Blender

Bagasse

2545 kg/h at 50% moisture

Concentrate from Evaporator

2545 kg/h at 40% solids

Concentrate Mixing with Bagasse

1695 kg/hTo be used as Fuel for boiler

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS AND OPERATING PARAMETERS FOR

EVAPORATOR

A) EQUIPMENT EVAPORATOR

TYPE

FIVE EFFECT FALLING FILM EVAPORATOR

WITH THERMAL VAPOUR RECOMPRESSION

(TVR) SYSTEM

CAPACITY 21,695 kg/h WATER EVAPORATION

OPERATING

PARAMETERS

Unit

FEED RATE (kg/h) 24,240

FEED TEMPERATURE OC Pl. Specify

INITIAL SOLIDS (%) 4.2

TOTAL SUSPENDED

SOLIDS< 500 PPM

SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF

FEED1.01

SOLIDS IN

CONCENTRATE(%) 40

CONCENTRATE OUTPUT (kg/h) 2545

WATER EVAPORATION (kg/h) 21,695

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SERVICES/UTILITIES

REQUIREDDRY SATURATED STEAM

REQUIREMENT AT 9

kg/cm2-g

(kg/h) 3100

COOLING WATER

CIRCULATION

RATE AT 30C

(m3/h) 217

POWER INSTALLED (kW) 80

POWER CONSUMED (kW) 50

COMPRESSED AIR

REQUIREMENT

AT 6 kg/cm2-g PRESSURE

(Nm3/h) 7

COOLING WATER INLET

TEMP.(C) 30 – 32

COOLING WATER

OUTLET TEMP.(C) 38 – 40

TOLERANCE:

ALL PERFORMANCE FIGURE WITHIN 5%

ALL CONSUMPTION FIGURE WITHIN 10%

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B&C. ROTARY DRYER FOR DRYING CONCENTRATE +BAGASSE MIX

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS AND OPERATING PARAMETERS FOR

ROTARY DRYER

OPERATING PARAMETERS FOR ROTARY DRYER

EQUIPMENT : ROTARY DRYER

QUANTITY : 1 SET

PRODUCT : CONCENTRATE + BAGASSE MIX

OPERATING PARAMETERS

FEED RATE ( FEED MIX) (kg/h) 5090 kg/h

(2545 kg/h concentrate

@40%TS + 2545 kg/h Bagasse

@ 50% moisture)

FEED SOLID (%) 45

FINAL MOISTURE IN PRODUCT (%) 15

WATER EVAPORATION RATE (kg/h) 2395

PRODUCT OUTPUT (DRIED) (kg/h) 2695

HOT AIR INLET TEMPERATURE (oC) 300-350

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HOT AIR OUTLET TEMPERATURE (oC) 90-100

UTILITY REQUIREMENT:

POWER INSTALLED (kW) 135

POWER CONSUMED (kW) 90

MIXED FUEL

(DRIED BAGASSE+CONCENTRATE MIX)

FIRED HOT AIR GENERATOR (kg/h) 1000

TOLERANCE:

ALL PERFORMANCE FIGURE WITHIN 5 %

ALL CONSUMPTION FIGURE WITHIN 10%

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DISTILLERY WASTEWATER UTILISATION IN AGRICULTURE

Being very rich in organic matters, the utilisation of distillery effluents in

agricultural fields creates organic fertilization in the soil which raises the pH of the

soil, increases availability of certain nutrients and capability to retain water and

also improves the physical structure of soil. Mostly the distillery wastewaters are

used for pre-sowing irrigation. The post-harvest fields are filled with distillery

effluents. After 15-20 days, when the surface is almost dried, the fields are tilled

and the crops are sown and subsequent irrigation is given with fresh water.

However, the effluent is diluted 2-3 times before application on crops. Apparently,

the irrigation with distillery wastewater seems to be an attractive agricultural

practice which not only augments crop yield but also provides a plausible solution

for the land disposal of the effluents. One cubic metre of methanated effluent

contains nearly 5 kg of potassium, 300 grams of nitrogen and 20 grams of

phosphorus. If one centimetre of post methanation effluent is applied on one

hectare of agricultural land annually, it will yield nearly 600 kg of potassium, 360

kg of calcium, 100 kg of sulphates, 28 kg of nitrogen and 2 kg of phosphates. The

distillery effluent contains 0.6 to 21.5 percent potash as KO, 0.1 to 1.0 percent

phosphorus as PO and 0.01 to 1.5 percent Nitrogen as N2. The irrigational and

manorial potential of distillery wastewaters is given below:

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i) Total Volume available in Million m3/annum : 6.87

ii) Nutrients Contribution Potential (tonnes/annum) :

N - 69380

PO - 11335

KO - 27480

We have provided Bio-Tower followed by Extended type aeration

1.BIOTOWER- Aerobic Packed Tower stabilization.

This is modified version of contact stabilization and specialized culture is

periodically added to the system. The system consists of following units.

We have achieved 55 to 60 % of BOD reduction through Bio-Tower.

2.AERATION SYSTEM- Activated sludge process

The spent wash is finally treated in on ASP systems consists of following units.

a) Conventional Aeration Tank-

b) 25 meter 25 meter 3.5 meter

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c) Geomiller make Aerators- 20 HP 4 Nos.

d) Clarifier- 7 meter Dia 3 meter SWD

Extended Aeration Tank- 25 meter 13 meter 3.5 meter

Geomiller make Aerators- 20 HP 2 Nos.

Clarifier- 8 meter Dia 3 meter SWD

MLSS is maintained at a high concentration of about 4000 mg/lit and the

final treated effluent having BOD in the order of 250 to 300 mg/lit, with required

fresh water dilution will be supplied for ferti-irrigation. We are having agreements

of farmers with their khassa no, area, for taking treated spent-wash for ferti-

irrigation. We are having separate arrangement for mixing of finally treated spent

with fresh water, if required to achieve the MPCB norm and separate underground

pipelines are laid-down for carrying this treated spent wash to the farms. We are

having about 250.08 Acers of land for fertiirrigation and we are planning to have

agreement with Maharashtra State Farming Corporation for about 35 Acers of

additional land for fertiirrigation and we are supplying this treated spent wash for

ferti-irrigation free of cost to the farmers and up-to their farms.

ECONOMICAL ASPECTS

When the distillery effluents are used for irrigation in fallow lands, the

microbes present in it transform the lands into fertile ones, giving high yields of

paddy and sugarcane. Farmers could save nitrogenous fertilisers worth Rs 1335 16 B.V.C.O.E.K.

Distillery Plant

crores per annum if at least 200 distilleries of out country recycled their wastes to

the agricultural fields. However, it is predicted that the utilisation of distillery

effluent for irrigation of land would make avail-able nitrogen, phosphorous and

potash valued at about Rs 500 crores each year. The added advantage of this

application would be that these fertilisers would be available to soil in organic

form. As the secondary and tertiary systems for the treatment of distillery

effluent are highly energy intensive and according to the estimates of the Union

Ministry of Energy a total connected load of 200 M.W. would be required to

energising these systems if 246 distilleries endeavour to reduce the BOD level of

effluent to the extent possible. The generation of the desired energy would need an

installed load of 350 M.W. which would require capital investment of the order of

about Rs 1400 crores. So it will be an attractive practice to utilise the distillery

effluents for ferti-irrigation of land after primary treatment, as land is available in

abundance around the distilleries which are located in the sugarcane belts.

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BIOGAS PRODUCTION BIOGAS PRODUCTION

Distillery Plant

III.BIOGAS AS A PRIMARY TREATMENT

The wastewaters generated during the distillery and brewery operations

contain high organic loads. It has a BOD from 30,000 to 60,000 mg/1. So due to

this high organic contents, the wastewaters can be subjected to treatment for the

production of biogas, composting, aquaculture and potash recovery.

A. PROCESS DESCRIPTION- SULZER TECHNOLOGY

The effluent from the distillery unit is received into a receiving tank (one day

holding capacity), where it is allowed to settle for 48 hours. Suspended solids

settled in this tank can be removed from time to time and clear effluent is pumped

to Bio-digester. The effluent after getting mixed with recycled biomass from

Lamella Clarifier to maintain a feed temperature of 36-38oC is fed to the digester.

The feed rate is controlled by a manual control valve and a flow meter provided in

the feed line and the sludge recycling line.

For the production of biogas from distillery effluent, anaerobic biomethanation

of the effluent is adopted, generally. High rate anaerobic technologies are utilized

for biogas generation. Fluidised Bed Reactors and Up flow Anaerobic Sludge

Blanket (UASB) Reactors are mostly utilized for the production of biogas from the

effluents. Some of the biogas production processes being commercial1y

established in India at present are:-

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BIOTHANE PROCESS: This process uses the UASB reactor for the

production of biogas. This is a stable and automatic process with low

operational costs.

BIOBED PROCESS: It is similar to Bio thane process. It uses UFB

reactors. It needs less installation area and its construction cost is lower

compared to any other system.

BIOPAQ PROCESS: In this process anaerobic bacteria are used to treat the

distillery effluents for the production of biogas. UASB process is utilized

here. The separated sludge in this process makes excellent manure. The

generated biogas is used to produce steam for the distillation of alcohol and

thus it replaces 50-60% of the total required energy in the process of

distillation. For a plant having 40-45,000 kg COD/day 75-80% of COD can

be reduced and nearly Rs. 25.50 lakhs can be saved annually for a distillery

having 300 working days in a year. The generated biogas from UASB

reactor of BioPaq process can be collected and be used as a fuel in gas/dual

engine. Through suitable coupling the engine can be coupled with the A/C

generator for generation of electricity from biogas. For a 45 klpd distillery

11 KV of power is generated which is then utilized in the distillery thus

cutting down the power consumption.

SULZER' S PROCESS: The technology of this type of biogas plant is

provided by Sulzer Brothers Limited, Switzerland. It is specifically made for

Indian conditions. A biogas plant at the distillery of Kolhapur Sugar Mills,

Kasba Bavda,Kolhapur , Maharashtra is based on Sulzer's technology. The

capacity of this distillery is 6,000 lpd which generates 900 m3 of spent wash

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per day. The biogas production is in the range of 16,550 to 21,870 m3 per

day. The savings in the cost of fuel is in the range of Rs. 312 lakhs to Rs.

652 lakhs per year.

SPENT WASH PRODUCED AFTER BIOGAS PRODUCTION:

Spent wash volume received daily from biogas plant-( 50% reject from RO plant

of 240 m3 capacity +240 m3

Of Biodigester outlet:-360 m3/day.

Surface composting

Composting cycle spraying period and curing period

1.Spraying- 22 days.

2.Curing-28 days.

Total area of composting

a) For spent wash storage- 1 acre.

b) Compost yard- 15 acres.

c) Storage of compost- 10 acres.

d) Area of leach ate collection drain- 0.50 acres.

e) Area of green belt- 14.75 acres.

f) Storage of press mud- 5 acres.

TOTAL AREA- 46.25 ACRES.

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Number of composting cycles followed in a year- Four.

The press-mud used in one compost cycle- 4000-4500 M.T.

The ratio of spent wash to press-mud being obtained- 1:2.5

Problem with aerotiller- N.A.

Treatment for balance spent wash if needed- Trickling filter followed

by Two stage Aeration

followed by ferti-

irrigation.

ECONOMICS OF BIOEARTH COMPOSTING

Capacity of the Distillery 50 KLPD

Number of working days in a year In the Distillery 300

In the Composting Plant 275

Generated spentwash 350 KLPD (Biostil

Plant)

Solid content in spentwash 17 %

Spentwash to Press mud Ratio 2.5 KL : 1 MT

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Man Power Required 50

Culture Requirement 31.5 MT/annum

Press mud requirement 43,000 MT/ annum

Cost of Culture Rs 1.75 lakhs per MT

Cost of Press mud Rs 12 per MT

Man Power cost Rs 50 per day

Capital Cost Rs 175 lakhs (excluding land)

Land Requirement 25 acres

Bio Earth Production 38,000 MT per year

Annual Maintenance Costs 1.5 % of equipment costs

% Costs of Funds 20 % per annum

OPERATION COSTS

Cost of Culture 55.13 lakhs

Average Cost of Funds 17.5 lakhs

Cost of Diesel 11.32 lakhs

Further leached with water to dissolve the potassium salts. Then it is neutralized

with sulphuric acid and is evaporated. The potassium salts are crystallized in a

crystal1izer. The crystallized mixed potassium salt contains 73.5% of potassium

sulphate (K2SO4) 16.5% potassium chloride (KCl) and 5% of sodium salts. It is

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estimated that a distillery discharging about 300 m3 of spent wash per day could

recover 3 tonnes of Potassium as Potassium oxide or about 5.34 tonnes of

Potassium sulphate and 1.2 tonnes of Potassium chloride per day. This potassium

is used as a fertilizer.

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REVERSE OSMOSIS PLANT

REVERSE OSMOSIS PLANT

Distillery Plant

Reverse Osmosis Process

INTRODUCTION

Membrane systems have' been used for a number of years in a wide variety

of applications. The vast majority of these uses have been of laboratory scale,

although large industrial applications exist. One of the primary uses of membrane

systems is the desalination of seawater and brackish water. Other more difficult

process stream have often been left to other technologies.

The lack of industrial applications is mainly due to the membrane holding

systems. Conventional membrane systems are spiral-wound, hollow fine fiber, or

tubular modules. Spiral Wound and hollow fine fiber modules require very high

levels of pretreatment to prevent fouling and scaling, while the tubular module is

too expensive for most applications. A recent development in membrane carrier

systems, the Rochem Disc Tube (disc tube) overcomes the problems of previous

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modules. With the disc tube module, membrane processing of a multitude of

industrial streams is now feasible.

The application of the disc tube technology to a number of different

industrial water treatment and waste streams. The economics and the removal

efficiencies of the disc tube will show how a wastewater was reclaimed for reuse,

instead of being discharged or disposed off.

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

Type: ROB100 PT40 - 240W

General layout Drawing No. : RO / 12B9 / 011 / 03

Pipe & Instrument Diagram Drawing No. : RO / 1289 / 021 / 00

Elecrtical Drawing No. : RO / 1289 / 031 / 00

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

RAW WATER

1. Feed water input M3/hr : 10.90

2. Operation pressure range bar : 45-65

. Operation pressure max bar : 65 3.4. Raw water temperature nominal C : 38-42 5. pH -- 6.8-7.2 6. Total Suspended Solids ppm : 2000 max.· 7. Total Dissolved Solids

(Inorganic) mg/ltr : 21,000max 8. Conductivity feed J-ls/cm : 29,400max 9. Total Hardness as CaC03 mg/ltr : 1400 max 10. Calcium Hardness as CaC03 mg/ltr : 800 max 26 B.V.C.O.E.K.

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11. Magnesium Hardness as CaC03 mg/ltr : 600 max 12. M-alkalinity as CaC03 mg/ltr : 2000 max 13. P- Alkalinity as CaC03 mglltr : Nil 14. Chlorides as CI mg/ltr : 9000 15. Sulphates as So 4 mg/ltr : 500 max 16. Iron as Fe_ mg/ltr : 0.5max 17. Oil & Grease mg/ltr : <10 18. Free chlorine mg/ltr : Nil 19. Total Silica as Si02 mg/ltr : 30max 20. Fluoride mg/ltr : 0.5max 21. COD mg/ltr : 30,000 max 22. BOD mg/ltr : 8,000 max

NOTE: Other trace metals such as Barium, Strontiumetc assumed to be Nil. Any

change in parameters exceeds the above designed values the Recovery of

permeate will be affected

LUBRICANTS. RO CLEANERS & PRESERVATIVES USED:

(1) Crank Case Oil :Multi Viscosity Premium Grade

(2) Membrane Cleaner 11 : Rochem Make



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(5) Membrane Solution 44 : Rochem Make

NITROGEN GAS REQUIREMENT:

Nitrogen Gas is used for charging the Pulsation Damper to 30 Bar

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS TO PREVENT DANGEROUS

CONDITIONS:

(1) Inspect the HP Hoses for any cracks or damages which will lead to

leakages.

(2) The belt guard cover & Control Panel cover is always secured

properly.

(3) No loose wiring to the RO Plant.

(4) Do not run without the Pulsation Damper & Relief Valve in the

Pump Discharge line.

(5) Relief port of the Relief Valve blocked.

(6) Manually operating the Electrical Contacts of the electrical motor.

(7) Operating with covers of motorized control valves in open condition.

(8) Undertaking maintenance of RO Plant under pressurized conditions.

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(9) Operating the Plant without draining the Cleaners other Preservative

from the RO Plant.

(10) When operating this equipment, certain parts are electrified.

Ignorance ofthe operating procedure can cause death, injury or material

damage.

(11) Repair and Maintenance must be done by appropriately qualified

persons only.

(12) Protection, such as pulley I belt guards, may be removed only for

maintenance or repair and must be re-installed immediately after any

such repair or maintenance has been completed.

CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS & SPECIFICATION-' :

The system is built in modular welded steel profile skid frames for easy

installations which helps in economical operation and service. The modular unit

design simplifies the installation and enables flexible use of limited floor space.

All material is free of defects. The equipment is fabricated with the highest

standard of engineering, design and workmanship.

Following components are installed in a standard system .:

1. Triplex Plunger Pump

2. Pulsation Damper

3. Electric motor with belt drive.

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4. Control Panel

5. Measuring Equipments/ Instrument

6. Filter Pump

7. Sand Filters

8. Cartridge Filter

9. Inline Booster Pumps

10.High Pressure Servo Motor Control Valve

11.Diverter Valves

12.Cleaning System Degasser

13.DT Modules with high pressure feed and brine.

14.Dosing System

15.Pure water transfer pump.

Low Pressure Pipes:

The low pressure valves and piping system is corrosion proof and fabricated

of PVC, Flexible Rubber Hoses with a maximum pressure stage of 10 Bar and

Permeate Piping PU - 9, with a maximum pressure stage of 06 bar.

High Pressure Pipes :

The high pressure piping and fittings are fabricated of special steel,

r~inf0t~'hJgb pressure flexible rubber hoses which are braided with special

stainless steel wire with highest standards of corrosion resistance suitable for

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operation in effluent water\ with a high salt content. The nominal DIN pressure

stage is P = 65 bar.

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Conclusion

A) Total Investment in DISTILLERY Plant is about Rs. 275 Lakhs.

Design Parameters

a. Distillery Capacity: 60000 LPD

b. Effluent Flow 525 m3/day

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CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

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c. BOD 37000-42000 mg/lit

d. COD 80000-100000 mg/lit

e. pH 3.5-5

B) Primary Effluent Treatment – Bio-gas Plant

The biogas plant is currently yielding the following results:

Effluent Flow 525 m3/day

BOD 4800-5000 mg/lit

COD 28000 – 30000 mg/lit

pH 7-7.5

C) Secondary Effluent Treatment Plant: Bio-filter followed by Two stage

Aeration

The secondary ETP currently is yielding the following results

Effluent Flow 525 m3/day

BOD 150-200 mg/lit

pH 7-7.5

D) Treated effluent if required is diluted with fresh water to achieve MPCB

norms and applied on land for ferti-irrigation. The area available now is

about 158 acres and about 70 acres will be made available shortly.

E) Recently we have started Bio-composting using effluent coming out from

Biodigester and press mud collected from Sugar factories to achieve zero

discharge.

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REFERENCE

1.THE KOLHAPUR SUGAR MILLS, DISTILLERY DIVISION ,KASABA BAWADA ,KOLHAPUR

2. WEBSITES: www.wikipedia.com

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http://www.wikipedia.com/

distillery

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