dislocation of patella
TRANSCRIPT
Dislocation Of Patella.
Types
• Acute
• Recurrent
• Habitual
1. Acute
• Result 4m sudden contraction of quadriceps while the knee is flexed or semi-flexed.
• Dislocates laterally• C/F:
– Pain– Swelling– Unable to straighten the knee– Medial condyle(Femur) more prominent – Tenderness (antero-medially)
Treatment:
• Reduction- Under Gen. anesthesia
• Immobilisation: cylinder cast—3 weeks
Recurrent D/L
• Etiology:– Congenital
• Lig. Laxity• hypoplasia of lat. Femoral condyle• Flattening of Intercondylar groove• Patellar maldevelopment• Primary muscle defect• Genu valgum
– Acquired• Genu valgum• Inequality of growth of condyle• Weakness of Quads• Contracture• fibrosis
PathologyFirst episode
Tear of capsule on medial side of patella
If improper healing
Persistent laxity
Recurrent d/l
Damage to contiguous surface of patella & fem. Condyles
Flattening & then further d/l
C/F• More common in girls• Often B/L• Acute pain with knee stuck in flexion• In dislocated state:
– Visually obvious– Tenderness– Swelling
• Between attack– Patella alta– Gen. lig. Laxity– Apprehension test +ve
Investigation:
• X-ray– Dislocation – High-riding patella– Other anatomical abnormality
• MRI
• CT-SCAN
Treatment
• Conservative– Quads exercise– NSAIDS
• Operative– Camphell Op.– Goldwait op.– Hauser’s op.– Patellectomy– Muscle release with V-Y Z-plasty
Habitual D/l
• Everytime knee is flexed, It dislocates laterally
• Present in early childhood
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