DIRECTORATE GENERAL FOR REHABILITATION AND SOCIAL SERVICES

THE MINISTRY OF SOCIAL AFFAIRS RI

“GENERAL ASPECTS OF VICTIM SUPPORT”

Makmur Sunusi, Ph.D

1. Complexity & increasing the number of child trafficking cases, especially on overseas (returning, repatriating & reintegration)

2. Urgency of special protection efforts on multi aspects, like good medical, psychosocial, and protection from existing law

BACKGROUNDBACKGROUND

3. These efforts have to comprehensive-integrative & inter-disciplinary/ inter-profession approaches

4. Urgency of social services which can help child victim based on the best interest for the child.

30% prostitute is child victim of trafficking (Unicef, 1998).

1.683 trafficking cases detected in the year 2000 (Polri, 2000).

SEVERAL ISSUESSEVERAL ISSUES

23% from 1,4 million child worker are children (ILO – IPEC, 2001).

30% from 130.000 – 240.00 Worker of sex commercial are children under 18 year (ILO, 1998).

70.000 child victim of trafficking during 10 of this year (Unicef)

Child trafficking is the act of recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of a child for the purpose of exploitation either within or outside a country

Consent of the child victim to the intended exploitation is irrelevant even if none of the following means have been used: “force, coercion, abduction, deception, abuse of power or actions taken while one is in a state of vulnerability or while one is in the control of another person”

DEFINITIONDEFINITION

A child victim of trafficking (“child victim”) is any person under 18 years of age

• Recruitment

• Transportation

• Transfer

• Harbouring

• Receipt

PROCESS PURPOSEMETHOD

• Force

• Coercion

• Abduction

• Deception

• Abuse of power

• Actions taken while one is in a state of vulnerability or while one is in the control of another person.

• The exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation

• Forced labour or services

• Slavery or practices similar to slavery

• Servitude or the removal of organs.

THE SCHEME OF CHILD TRAFFICKINGTHE SCHEME OF CHILD TRAFFICKING

Jawa Barat (Indramayu, Sukabumi,

Karawang); Jawa Timur (Jember,

Probolinggo), Kalbar

(Singkawang), Bali, NTB, Sulut,

Lampung

SENDER AREA

DESTINATION AREA

TRANSIT AREA

Jakarta, Batam,

Surabaya, Kaltim, Kalbar,

Lampung

Indonesia:Jakarta, Bandung,

Batam, Palu, Medan, Surabaya, Makasar, Menado, Timika, Merauke.

Overseas: Taiwan, Thailand Malaysia, Japan,

Singapore, Hongkong.

SOCIAL MAMPPING OF CHILD TRAFFICKINGSOCIAL MAMPPING OF CHILD TRAFFICKING

1. Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) (1989)

2. Optional Protocol to the CRC on the sale of children , child prostitution, and child pornography (2000)

LEGAL BASISLEGAL BASIS

4. The Hague Convention 28 on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction (1980)

3. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) (1979)

5. UN Convention Against Transnational Organised Crime (The Palermo Convention) (2000)

6. Annex II – Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persosn, Especially Women and Children, supplementing the United National Convention Against Transnational Organised Crime (The Palermo Trafficking Protocol) (2000)

7. ILO Convention Concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour No. C 182 (1999)

Preparing of protection home Preparing of trauma and crisis centre Increasing the function of social rehabilitating agency Increasing the function of family consulting agency Social advocacy for family of the child victim

Based on Keppres No. 88/2002 about National Action Plan for Elimination of Trafficking in Person, especially Women and Children, The Ministry of Social Affairs have several tasks :

THE MINISTRY OF SOCIAL AFFAIRS RI MANDATETHE MINISTRY OF SOCIAL AFFAIRS RI MANDATE

1. Policy

a. Strengthening the quality of child welfare services.

b. Developing a networking among related party on child protection.

c. Increasing of social responsibility of the communities.

2. Strategi

a. Social security and protection.

b. Law enforcement

c. Increasing of awareness and social participation.

d. Increasing cooperation among local, national, regional and international institution.

POLICY, STRATEGY AND PROGRAMPOLICY, STRATEGY AND PROGRAM

a. Collecting data and information about child trafficking.

b. Socialization UU No. 23/2002 about Child Protection on vulnerable/sending area.

c. Comprehensive-integrative approach on every efforts for handling child victim (Medical, psychosocial & protection from existing law).

d. Providing direct services and protection for child victim (Returning, repatriating & social reintegration).

e. Increasing the professional quality of workers.

f. Providing a proper budget for handling child victim.

g. Developing a networking on child victim support.

3. Program

1. Dissemination and socialization of the laws and regulations concerned with child protection, trafficking issues, CSEC, etc.

2. Developing cooperation inter-sectors/inter-countries on returning, repatriating & social reintegration.

3. Facilitating and assistances the developing of networking for child protection on national level.

4. Pilot project for developing professional approach (Protection Home/RPSA at Bambu Apus-Jakarta).

5. Improving the competency of workers/counselors on child protection.

6. Family empowerment : vocational training and providing capital as a stimulant.

7. Child empowerment : vocational training, providing capital as a stimulant and education support.

IMPLEMENTATION OF MANDATEIMPLEMENTATION OF MANDATE

Temporary Shelter Protection Home Children’s Home for Protection and Rehabilitation Returning, Repatriating & Social Reintegration Other Services (cooperating with NGO’s, RPK, PKT,

Hospital, LBH, Police, Crisis Centre, Shelter-shelter, etc.)

CHILD VICTIM SUPPORTCHILD VICTIM SUPPORT

CHILD TRAFFICKING CASESCHILD TRAFFICKING CASES

Reunification for 18 child victim of trafficking to Nias-Sumut Reunification for 14 child victim of trafficking to their families

(Cilacap, Pontianak, Lampung & Aceh) Collaborative with Jakarta Police Department :

a. 5 cases child trafficking (baby) on Singapore of the year 2005.

b. 25 babies already saved from child trafficking and almost 22 babies as child victim.

c. Immanuel Foundation cases, 8 babies saved, 80 babies as child victim.

1. Providing protection and safety place for child victim

DIMENTION OF CHILD VICTIM SUPPORTDIMENTION OF CHILD VICTIM SUPPORT

2. Providing support and emergency services for child victim

3. Rehabilitating mental from stress and trauma

4. Supporting for better social functioning of child victim

5. Providing returning, repatriating & social reintegration services to their family, orphanage, or care giver

6. Providing consultancy, advocacy and protection for child victim in their communities

PRINCIPLES ON HANDLING CHILD VICTIMPRINCIPLES ON HANDLING CHILD VICTIM

1. SAFETY

2. EFFECTIVE

3. PROFESSIONAL

4. COMPREHENSIVE-INTEGRATIVE

5. HIGH SPEED SERVICES

SERVICE PROCESS

SENDER

Police

NGOs Family

Hospital

Society

Temporary Shelter

Protection Home

Family Reunification

CHILD VICTIM

DESTINATION AREA

IDENTIFICATION

BRIEF COUNSELING

REFERRAL TO THE EXPERT

ASSESSMENTREGISTRASI

PHYSICAL RECOVERY

Client’s Reception

First interview

Eligibility Decision

Placement

Client’s Documentation

Central data based

Assessment

Case conference

Plan of Intervention

Treatment by ExpertsVentilation technique, etc

1 month

Medical treatment

Physical therapy

Protection Home

TERMINATION

TEMPORARY SHELTER

PSHYCOSOCIAL INTERVENTION

FOLLOW-UP ACTION

FAMILY REUNIFICATION

FAMILY TRACING

Therapy

Relaxation

Nourishment, etc

Contact/ Telephone Home Visit

Home visit

Family counseling

reunification

Monitoring

Durable solution plan

ONE– SIX MONTH

PROTECTION HOME

DEVELOPING EFFORTSDEVELOPING EFFORTS

2. Training to entire professional worker on Protection Home concerning an effectiveness handling of child victim

1. Training to entire professional worker concerning on handling child victim while on returning and repatriating from destination area (identification, registeration, assessment, etc.)

3. Training for leader and administration staff of Protection Home

4. Training for social worker from many institutions whose care about child protection and child victim support

1.1. DATA BASED OF CHILD VICTIMDATA BASED OF CHILD VICTIM

2.2. LACK OF COORDINATION AT THE LACK OF COORDINATION AT THE NATIONAL LEVELNATIONAL LEVEL

3.3. DIFFICULTIES ON RETURNING & DIFFICULTIES ON RETURNING & REPATRIATING FROM REPATRIATING FROM DESTINATION AREA/OTHER DESTINATION AREA/OTHER COUNTRIES (PROCEDURES, COUNTRIES (PROCEDURES, ADDRESS NOT CLEAR, REJECTED ADDRESS NOT CLEAR, REJECTED BY CHILD VICTIM, ETC.)BY CHILD VICTIM, ETC.)

4.4. LACK OF PROFESSIONAL SOCIAL LACK OF PROFESSIONAL SOCIAL WORKERWORKER

5.5. LACK OF AWARENESS AND LACK OF AWARENESS AND PARTICIPATIONPARTICIPATION

6.6. WEAK OF LAW ENFORCEMENTWEAK OF LAW ENFORCEMENT

CONSTRAINTS:

1. SOSIALIZATION ABOUT CHILD PROTECTION ON EVERY LEVEL OF COMMUNITIES

2. URGENCY FOCAL POINT ON EVERY SECTOR

3. COORDINATION ON PERIODICAL MEETING AT THE NATIONAL LEVEL

4. COOPERATION ON RETURNING & REPATRIATING CHILD VICTIM FROM DESTINATION AREA/OTHER CONTRIES

5. CAPACITY BUILDING FOR SOCIAL WORKER WHOSE HANDLING OF CHILD VICTIM

6. REPLICATION OF HOME PROTECTION ON TO 10 PROVINCES (ESPECIALLY ON KALBAR : HIGH NUMBER OF CASES, FRONTIER AREA WITH MALAYSIA, MANY OF PATHS, ETC.)

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