digital cuba: ride the wave of face the tsunami
TRANSCRIPT
Dr. Sam Lanfranco, Prof. Emeritus & Senior Scholar
York University, Canada - ISOC Canada -Chair, NPOC Policy Committee, ICANN
Havana March 16th 2016
La Historia de la computación e Internet en la región
¿Qué? - ¿Por Qué? ¿Para Quién?
América Latina, el Caribe y Cuba: de Ayer a Mañana
América Latina, el Caribe y Cuba: de Ayer a Mañana
Learning Lessons: Latin America, the Caribbean, Cuba & The World
1. History: Documents and Celebrates Human Effort2. Its Purpose: Learn Lessons to Build a Better Tomorrow
1. The Speed of change means1. A better tomorrow for our children and ourselves2. Digital History is both young and thin3. Digital Artifacts are mainly obsolete
2. Global Lessons Learned: use global digital history3. Ride the Wave: use the right technology in the right context4. Context: Use less old thinking and more new innovation
Latin America, the Caribbean & Cuba: From Yesterday to Tomorrow
My Focus
Building a Digital Transition Cuba Ride the Wave or Face the Tsunami
Building Transition Cuba and
the Potential for Digital Leadership
Cuba can move fast and ride the digital wave into a better future
– or –Cuba can move slow with damaged by inertia from
within and damage by tsunami from without
Transition Cuba learning from: Internet Ecosystem Lessons from everywhere
Digital Transition Lessons from elsewhere
Fixed-broadband price as Percentage of Gross Personal Income
Obstacle or Opportunity:•Technology: Wi-Fi – Wireless – Mesh – Internet of Things – IXPs •Political Will: Spectrum – Fiber/Towers – Technology – Tariffs/Duties•Privacy & Security: Personal – Business – State/National
Evidence: Broadband in Cuba
Evidence: Cuba’s ITU ICT Development Index
Obstacle – or - Opportunity•Technology: Wi-Fi – Wireless – Mesh – Internet of Things – IXPs •Political Will: Spectrum – Fiber/Towers – Technology – Tariffs/Duties•Privacy & Security: Personal – Business – State/National
Source: ITU
Access and Use rank near the bottom - Skills and Ability rank near the top Build Infrastructure - Put Talent to Work
subirse a la ola
/ 10.00
Cuba’s Potential Dynamic Comparative Advantages for Tomorrow?• Highly Educated Youth• Education, Research, Technology: sector pockets of strength• Favorable Natural Ecosystem: for Farming / Solar Energy / Tourism
Obstacles to Development using Cuba’s Dynamic Comparative Advantages• Slow political will for infrastructure and innovation support• Slow innovation around ecosystem strengths (Farming/Solar/Tourism)• Lack of bottom up opportunities in innovative activities
Cuban Opportunity:Example: MakerSpaces: A Wave or a Tsunami?Cuban Shared Technology & SkillsStart-up Structures for Cuba [??]Enterprise Skills and Funding [??]
Initiative Innovation
Internet of Things
•Disruptive Internet of Everything - all the Time
•Driven by:•IPv6 addressing•Nano technology•3-D additive technology•Wireless connectivity•Political Will
•Government and Business 80% of IoT spending: Opportunities and Challenges Large and Small
•Software 40% of spending
CubanFinancial SectorInnovationand Collaboration?
or
Foreign Capture?Commerce appsmAgri farm appsTourism appsRemittance apps
http://www/gsma.com/mobilefordevelopment
Cuban Transportation PlanningOld Vehicle Planning: Vehicles; Roads; Traffic and Parking
New Transportation Ecosystem Planning: e-Vehicles; Travel Apps; Shared Transport
Challenges are Opportunities•Urban transport (Old Havana)•Tourists & Tourism Travel• Individual travel• Group Travel
•Solar vs Carbon Fuels•Imported vs Local Apps/Tech•Micro/Nano Production•Owned Cars vs Shared Fleets
Transition Estonia: Rode the Wave 2000: Declared Internet access to be a human right Refused land line phone system & built a digital cell system Spread free Wi-Fi and embraced online e-government 2007: First country with online general election voting Today: 95% of Estonians file annual tax returns online From no land ownership registry to a digital land registry Health records are stored in the digital cloud In 8 years all schools were online Skype developed in Estonia:
2005 Skype sale produced pool of venture capital Estonia’s capital: home to more than 150 tech companies Tech companies are engaged in global partnerships Tech represents 15% of Estonia’s GDP., up from zero
Transition Estonia: discarded legacy thinking Political will to embrace the Internet Embraced innovation potential of it education youth Rode wave to transition success. http://www.economist.com/blogs/economist-explains/2013/07/economist-explains-21
Ride the Wave: Pre-Transition Myanmar
From 0.002% Internet access in 2012 to over 50% access today
SIM card prices fell from over 2,000.00 $US to less than 2.00 $US
Imports were restricted to smart phones (low cost Chinese)
A contract was granted to build 8,000 cell towers by 2018
The Political Will for policy was in place
Pubic/Private/Foreign partnerships were encouraged
Transition Challenge to Myanmar’s government, business community, and civil society
Engaged in little awareness raising or stakeholder engagement Will face major stresses from rapid ICT and Internet access. Risks: Swamped by a foreign tsunami or retreating into stagnating
A Poorly Planned Transition Strategy Results in:
An ICT strategy that retards good innovation Poor ICT incentives & opportunities Oligarchs that impede innovation Oligopolies that impede innovation Bad income and wealth concentration Dependent foreign export and investment relationships
Russian Transition StrategiesDamaged Societies & Damaged Prospects
Excessive dependence on Neo-Liberal Transition IdeasLittle attention to innovation based on domestic strengths
Ride the Wave – For Transition CubaRapid Transformation
from Laggard to Leader
Needs:Political Will Stakeholder EngagementInternet and Innovation Policy
Needs:Political WillRapid Infrastructure Roll OutCooperative enterprisePublic Private Partnerships
ImmediateSustainableStrengths
Infrastructure
Temporary ObstaclesEasily Remedial
(e.g. Myanmar)
Human Capital
Transition Cuba Agriculture: Potential Knowledge & Collaboration
Regional and Global: > IDB & India <
Transition Cuba Agriculture: Potential Knowledge & Collaboration
> Canada <
Grow Cooperatively to Compete Globally:
Ride the Wave at Home & Harness the Tsunami
Rapid infrastructure roll out
Bottom Up Stakeholder Engagement in Domestic Internet Policy
Broader and Deeper Cuban Engagement in Regional and Global Policy forums
Multilateral, UN, and non-governmental Internet organizations ICANN’s Multistakeholder Governmental Advisory Committee (GAC) Engagement with the Internet Society (e.g. IXP efforts) Technical participation in the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) & IAB Business, Academic, Civil Society engagement in ICT for Development Stakeholder engagement in the IGF and WSIS activities
Cuban Political Will at all levels: more open processes within Cuba’s values
Start to Ride the Wave
Approach: Multistakeholder Consultation
for a decade of digital Innovation
Para comentarios, preguntas, críticas, ideas, ponerse en contacto conmigo por
correo electrónico:
Adios Ramon1924 - 2016
Sam Lanfranco
Prince Edward County Ontario
Lanfranco Farm
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