dien-phan-ltdh.pdf
TRANSCRIPT
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HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
CHUYN : IN PHN
I IN PHN NNG CHY
1) in phn nng chy: p dng i vi MCln, M(OH)n v Al2O3 (M l kim loi nhm IA v IIA) a) in phn nng chy oxit: Nhm l kim loi c sn xut bng cch in phn Al2O3 nng chy. Al2O3 nguyn cht nng chy nhit trn 20000C. Mt phng php rt thnh cng sn xut nhm l to mt dung dch dn in c nhit nng chy thp hn 20000C bng cch ha tan Al2O3 vo criolit nng chy (Na3AlF6).
Phng trnh s in phn: 2Al2O3 = 4Al + 3O2 Tc dng ca Na3ALF6 (criolit): - H nhit nng chy cho hn hp phn ng.
- Tng kh nng dn in cho Al. - Ngn chn s tip xc ca oxi khng kh vi Al. - Ch : Do in cc lm bng graphit (than ch) nn b kh sinh ra anot n mn: 2C + O2 2CO 2CO + O2 2CO2 V vy, trong qu trnh in phn nng chy oxit, ti anot thng thu c hn hp kh CO, CO2, O2.
b) in phn nng chy hydroxit kim loi kim: 2MOH 2M + O2 + H2O (M = Na, K,) c) in phn mui clorua (thng dng iu ch KL kim v kim th) 2MClx 2M + xCl2 (x = 1,2) II. PHNG PHP GII BI TP IN PHN TRONG DUNG DCH
1 in phn dung dch mui: 1.1 in phn cc dung dch mui ca Kim loi kim, kim th, Nhm a. catot (cc m) Cc ion kim loi kim, kim loi kim th v ion Nhm khng b in phn v chng c tnh oxi ha yu hn H2O; H2O b in phn theo phng trnh: 2H2O + 2e H2 + 2OH
.
b. anot (cc dng): - Nu l S2-, Cl-, Br-, I- th chng b in phn trc H2O theo th t tnh kh: S
2->I
- > Br
- > Cl
- > H2O (F
- khng b in phn )
Phng trnh in phn tng qut: S2- S + 2e; 2X- X2 + 2e Sau khi ht cc ion , nu tip tc in phn th H2O s in phn theo phng trnh: 2H2O O2 + 4H
+ + 4e
- Nu l cc ion: NO3-, SO4
2-, CO3
2-, PO4
3-...th chng khng b in phn m H2O b in phn. V d 1:Vit PTHH xy ra khi in phn dung dch NaCl : NaCl Na+ + Cl- Catot (-) Anot (+)
Na+ khng b in phn 2Cl- Cl2 + 2e
2H2O + 2e H2 + 2OH-
Phng trnh : 2Cl- + 2H2O Cl2 + H2 + 2OH-
2NaCl + 2H2O 2NaOH + Cl2 + H2 * Xy ra tng t khi in phn cc dung dch : NaCl , CaCl2 , MgCl2 , BaCl2 , AlCl3 Khng th iu ch kim loi t : Na Al bng phng php in phn dung dch . V d 2 : Vit PTHH xy ra khi in phn dung dch Na2SO4 : Na2SO4 2Na
+ + SO4
2-
Catot(-):Na+, H2O Anot (+):SO4
2-, H2O
Na+ khng b in phn SO4
2-khng b in phn 2H2O + 2e H2 + 2OH
- 2H2O O2 + 4H
+ + 4e
Phng trnh in phn: 2H2O 2H2 + O2 * Xy ra tng t khi in phn cc dung dch: NaNO3, K2SO4 , Na2CO3 , MgSO4 , Al2(SO4)3....
Tran HuongTextbox
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HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
V d 3: in phn 100ml dung dch cha NaCl vi in cc tr ,c mng ngn, cng dng in I = 1.93A. Tnh thi gian in phn c dung dch pH = 12, th tch dung dch c xem nh khng thay i, hiu sut in phn l 100%. A. 50s B. 100s C. 150s D . 200s
Hng dn gii V dung dch c PH = 12 Mi trng kim . pH = 12 [H+] = 10-12 [OH-] = 0,01 S mol OH- = 0,001 mol NaCl Na+ + Cl- Catot (-) Anot (+)
Na+ khng b in phn
2H2O + 2e H2 + 2OH- Cl
- Cl2 + 2e
0,001 0,001 S mol e trao i l : n = 0,001 mol p dng cng thc Faraday : n = It / F t= n F /I Chn p n A 1.2. in phn cc dung dch mui ca cc kim loi ng sau Al trong dy in ha a. catot (cc m) - Cc cation kim loi b kh theo phng trnh: Mn+ + ne M Sau khi ht cc ion , nu tip tc in phn th H2O s in phn theo phng trnh: 2H2O + 2e H2 + 2OH
.
b. anot (cc dng): (Xy ra tng t mc.I.1b) V d 1 : Vit PTHH xy ra in phn dung dch CuSO4 : CuSO4 Cu
2+ + SO4
2-
Catot(-):Cu2+
Anot (+):SO42-
, H2O
SO42-
khng b in phn . Cu
2+ + 2e Cu 2H2O 4H
+ + O2+ 4e
Phng trnh in phn : Cu2+ + H2O Cu + 2H+ + O2
CuSO4 + H2O Cu + H2SO4 + O2 Xy ra tng t khi in phn cc dung dch mui ca kim loi t Zn Hg vi cc gc axit NO3
- ,
SO42-
: Cu(NO3)2 + H2O Cu + 2HNO3 + O2 V d 2 : Vit PTHH xy ra in phn dung dch ZnCl2 : ZnCl2 Zn
2+ + 2Cl
-
Catot (-) Anot (+)
Zn2+
+ 2e Zn 2Cl- Cl2 + 2e Phng trnh in phn: ZnCl2 Zn + Cl2 V d 3: in phn 100ml dung dch CuSO4 0,1M vi cc in cc tr cho n khi va bt u si bt bn catot th ngng in phn. Tnh pH dung dch ngay khi y vi hiu sut l 100%. Th tch dung dch c xem nh khng i. Ly lg2 = 0,3 A. pH = 0,1 B.pH = 0,7 C.pH = 2,0 D. pH = 1,3
Hng dn gii n khi va bt u si bt kh bn catot th Cu2+ va ht . in phn dung dch : CuSO4 : CuSO4 Cu
2+ + SO4
2-
Catot(-) Anot (+)
SO42-
khng b in phn Cu
2+ + 2e Cu 2H2O 4H
+ + O2 + 4e
0,01 0,02 0,02 0,02 S mol e cho anot = s mol e nhn catot n H+ = 0,02 mol [H+] = 0,02/0,1 = 0,2 pH = -lg0,2 = 0,7 Chn p n B 1.3. in phn hn hp cc dung dch mui
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HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
* catot: Cc cation kim loi b kh theo th t trong dy th in cc chun (ion c tnh oxi ha mnh hn b kh trc): Mn+ + ne M
* anot : (Xy ra tng t mc I.1b) V d 1: Vit PTHH xy ra in phn dung dch hn hp NaCl v Cu(NO3)2 : NaCl Na+ + Cl- Cu(NO3)2 Cu
2+ + 2NO3
-
Catot(-):Na+, Cu
2+, H2O Anot(+):NO3
-, Cl
-, H2O
Na+ khng b in phn NO3
- khng b in phn
Cu2+
+ 2e Cu 2Cl- Cl2 + 2e 2H2O + 2e H2 + 2OH
- 2H2O 4H
+ + O2 + 4e
Phng trnh in phn: 2NaCl + 2H2O 2NaOH + H2 + Cl2 Cu(NO3)2 + H2O Cu + O2 + 2HNO3 Phng trnh in phn tng qut: 2NaCl + Cu(NO3)2 Cu + Cl2 + 2NaNO3 V d 2: (Trch i hc khi A- 2010) in phn (vi in cc tr) mt dung dch gm NaCl v CuSO4 c cng s mol, n khi catot xut hin bt kh th dng in phn. Trong c qu trnh in phn trn, sn phm thu c anot l A. kh Cl2 v O2. B. kh H2 v O2. C. ch c kh Cl2. D. kh Cl 2 v H2. Chn p n: A V d 3: in phn hon ton dung dch hn hp gm a mol Cu(NO3)2 v b mol NaCl vi in cc tr , mng ngn xp . dung dch thu c sau khi in phn c kh nng phn ng vi Al2O3 th A.b = 2a B.b > 2a C. b 2a Hng dn gii Cu(NO3)2 Cu
2+ + 2NO3
-
a a
NaCl Na+ + Cl- b b
Catot(-) Anot (+)
Na+ khng b in phn NO3
- khng b in phn .
Cu2+
+ 2e Cu 2Cl- Cl2 + 2e Phng trnh : Cu2+ + 2Cl- Cu + Cl2 (1)
a b Nu d Cu2+ sau (1) : a > b/2 ( 2a > b ) th c phn ng : Cu
2+ + 2H2O Cu + 4H
+ + O2
Dung dch thu c c axit nn c phn ng vi Al2O3 Nu d Cl- sau (1) : a < b/2 ( b > 2a) c phn ng : 2H2O + 2Cl
- 2OH- + H2 + Cl2
Dung dch thu c c mi trng baz C phn ng vi Al2O3 : NaOH + Al2O3 NaAlO2 + H2O Chn p n D . V d 4: (Trch i hc khi A- 2010) in phn (in cc tr) dung dch X cha 0,2 mol CuSO4 v 0,12 mol NaCl bng dng in c cng 2A. Th tch kh (ktc) thot ra anot sau 9650 giy in phn l A.2,240 lt. B.2,912 lt. C.1,792 lt. D.1,344 lt.
Hng dn gii NaCl Na+ + Cl- CuSO4 Cu
2+ + SO4
2-
n e trao i) = It/F= 0,2 mol
Catot (-) Anot (+)
(Cu2+
; Na+, H2O) (SO4
2-, Cl
-, H2O)
Na+ khng in phn SO4
2- khng in phn
Cu2+
+ 2e Cu 2Cl- Cl2 + 2e
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HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
0,02 0,12 0,06 0,12 2H2O 4H
+ +O2 + 4e
0,02 0,08 Vkh = (0,06 + 0,02). 22,4 = 1,792 lt p n C V d 5: in phn 100 ml dung dch CuSO4 0,2M v AgNO3 0.1M vi cng dng in I = 3.86A.Tnh thi gian in phn c mt khi lng kim loi bm bn catot l 1.72g ? A. 250s B.1000s C.500s D. 750s
Hng dn gii S gam kim loi Ag ti a c to thnh : 0,01.108 = 1,08 gam S gam Cu ti a to thnh : 0,02.64 = 1,28 gam V 1,08 < 1,72 < 1,08 + 1,28 in phn ht AgNO3 , V cn d mt phn CuSO4 Khi lng Cu c to thnh : 1,72 1,08 = 0,64 gam n Cu = 0,01 mol p dng cng thc Faraday : Cho Ag : 0,01 = 3,86.t1 / 96500.1 t1 = 250s Cho Cu : 0,01 = 3,86.t2 / 96500.2 t2 = 500 s Tng thi gian : 250 + 500 = 750 s Chn p n D . V d 6: (Trch i hc khi B 2009) in phn c mng ngn 500 ml dung dch cha hn hp gm CuCl2 0,1M v NaCl 0,5M (in cc tr, hiu sut in phn 100%) vi cng dng in 5A trong 3860 giy. Dung dch thu c sau in phn c kh nng ho tan m gam Al. Gi tr ln nht ca m l A. 4,05 B. 2,70 C. 1,35 D. 5,40
Hng dn gii S mol e trao i khi in phn : mol n CuCl2 = 0,1.0,5 = 0,05 mol ; n NaCl = 0,5.0,5 = 0,25 mol
n Cu2+ = 0,05 mol , n Cl- = 0,25 + 0,05.2 = 0,35 mol Vy Cl- d , Cu2+ ht , nn ti catot s c phn
ng in phn nc (sao cho s mol e nhn catot l 0,2) Ti catot : Ti anot : Cu
2+ + 2e Cu 2Cl- Cl2 + 2e
0,05 0,1 0,2 0,2 2H2O + 2e H2 + 2OH
-
0,1 (0,2-0,1) 0,1 Dung dch sau khi in phn c 0,1 mol OH- c kh nng phn ng vi Al theo phng trnh : Al + OH
- + H2O AlO2
- + 3/2 H2
0,1 0,1 mAl max = 0,1.27= 2,7 (g) Chn p n B
V d 8:: Mc ni tip hai bnh in phn: bnh (1) cha dung dch MCl2 v bnh (2) cha dung dch AgNO3. Sau 3 pht 13 giy th catot bnh (1) thu c 1,6 gam kim loi cn catot bnh (2) thu c 5,4 gam kim loi. C hai bnh u khng thy kh catot thot ra. Kim loi M l: A. Zn B. Cu C. Ni D. Pb
Hng dn gii
Do hai bnh mc ni tip nn ta c: Q = I.t = M = 64 Cu Chn p n B
2. IN PHN CC DUNG DCH AXIT: * catot: Cc ion H+ (axit) d b kh hn cc ion H+ (H2O): 2H
+ + 2e H2
Khi ion H+ (axit) ht , nu tip tc in phn th H2O s in phn theo phng trnh:
2H2O + 2e H2 + 2OH.
* anot: (Xy ra tng t mc2.1b) V d 1: Vit PTHH xy ra in phn dung dich HCl: HCl H+ + Cl- Catot(-) Anot (+)
2H+ + 2e H2 2Cl
- Cl2 + 2e
Phng trnh in phn: HCl H2 + Cl2
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HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
V d 2: Vit PTHH xy ra in phn dung dch H2SO4 H2SO4 2H
+ + SO4
2-
Catot(-) Anot (+)
2H+ + 2e H2 SO4
2- Khng in phn
2H2O 4H+ + O2 + 4e
Phng trnh in phn: H2O H2 + O2 .3. IN PHN CC DUNG DCH BAZ * catot: - Nu to bi cc ion kim loi t Li+ Al3+ th H2O s b in phn : 2H2O + 2e H2 + 2OH
- Nu to bi cc ion kim loi sau Al trong dy in ha : l cc baz khng tan in li yu khng xt qu trnh in phn.
anot: ion OH- in phn theo phng trnh sau: 4OH
- 2H2O + O2 + 4e
Nu tip tc in phn th H2O s in phn: 2H2O 4H+ + O2 + 4e
V d 1 : Vit PTHH xy ra in phn dung dch NaOH: NaOH Na+ + OH- Catot(-) Anot (+)
Na+ khng b in phn
2H2O + 2e H2 + 2OH 4OH
- 2H2O + O2 + 4e
Phng trnh in phn: H2O H2 + O2
V d 2: Tin hnh in phn (vi in cc Pt) 200 gam dung dch NaOH 10 % n khi dung dch NaOH trong bnh c nng 25 % th ngng in phn. Th tch kh ( ktc) thot ra anot v catot ln lt l: A.149,3 lt v 74,7 lt B. 156,8 lt v 78,4 lt
C. 78,4 lt v 156,8 lt D. 74,7 lt v 149,3 lt
Hng dn gii:
mNaOH (trc in phn) = 20 gam
in phn dung dch NaOH thc cht l in phn nc
Phng trnh in phn: : H2O 1/2 O2 (anot) + H2 (catot)
mNaOH khng i mdd sau in phn = 80 gam mH2O b in phn = 200 80 = 120 gam
nH2O in phn = 20/3 mol VO2 = 74,7 lt v VH2 = 149,3 lt Chn p n D
4. IN PHN HN HP CC DUNG DCH IN LI ( dd mui, axit, baz) * catot: Th t in phn: ion c tnh oxi ha mnh hn b in phn trc:
* anot: Th t in phn: S2-> I- > Br- > Cl- > OH- > H2O theo cc phng trnh sau: S
2- S + 2e
2X- X2 + 2e
4OH- 2H2O + O2 + 4e
2H2O O2 + 4H+ + 4e
V d 1: in phn hn hp cc dung dch: HCl, CuCl2, NaCl vi in cc tr, c mng ngn. Gi tr pH ca dung dch thay i nh th no trong qu trnh in phn: A. Tng B.Gim C.Tng ri gim D.Gim ri tng Chn p n A V d 2 : in phn 200 ml dung dch hn hp gm HCl 0,1M v CuSO4 0,5M bng in cc tr . Khi catot c 3,2 gam Cu th th tch kh thot ra Anot l A.0,56 lt B.0,84 lt C.0,672 lt D.0,448 lt
Hng dn gii CuSO4 Cu
2+ + SO4
2-
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HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
0,1 0,1
HCl H+ + Cl- 0,02 0,02
Catot(-) Anot (+)
SO42-
khng b in phn . Cu
2+ + 2e Cu 2Cl- Cl2 + 2e
0,1 0,05 0,02 0,01 2H2O 4H
++ O2 + 4e
0,02 0,08 mol Khi catot thot ra 3,2 gam Cu tc l 0,05 mol S mol Cu2+ nhn 0,1 mol , m Cl- cho ti a 0,02 mol 0,08 mol cn li l H2O cho T s in phn kh thot ra ti anot l : Cl2 0,01mol ; O2 0,02 mol Tng th tch : 0,03.22,4 = 0,672 lt Chn p n C . V d 3: in phn 100 ml hn hp dung dch gm FeCl3 1M , FeCl2 2M , CuCl2 1M v HCl 2M vi in cc tr c mng ngn xp cng dng in l 5A trong 2 gi 40 pht 50 giy catot thu c: A.5,6 g Fe B.2,8 g Fe C.6,4 g Cu D.4,6 g Cu
Hng dn gii Theo : n Fe3+ = 0,1 mol ; n Fe2+ = 0,2 mol ; n Cu2+ = 0,1 mol ;
n HCl = 0,2 mol
Sp xp tnh oxi ha ca cc ion theo chiu tng dn : Fe
2+ < H
+ < Cu
2+ < Fe
3+
Th t b in phn catot (-) : Fe
3+ + 1e Fe2+ (1)
0,1 0,1 0,1 Cu
2+ + 2e Cu (2)
0,1 0,2 0,1 H
+ + 1e Ho (3)
0,2 0,2 Fe
2+ + 2e Fe (4)
Theo cng thc Faraday s mol e trao i hai in cc : n = It/96500 = 5.9650/96500 = 0,5 mol
V s mol e trao i ch l 0,5 mol Khng c phn ng (4) , kim loi thu c ch phn ng (2) Khi lng kim loi thu c catot l : 0,1.64 = 6,4 gam Chn p n C. * Lu : - Mi trng dung dch sau in phn: + Dung dch sau in phn c mi trng axit nu in phn mui to bi kim loi sau Al (trong dy in ha) v gc axit c oxi nh: CuSO4, FeSO4, Cu(NO3)2..... + Dung dch sau in phn c mi trng baz nu in phn mui to bi kim loi ng trc Al (Al, Kim loi kim, kim th) v gc axit khng c oxi nh: NaCl, AlCl3, KBr.... + Dung dch sau in phn c mi trng trung tnh: in phn cc dung dch in li cn li nh : HCl, H2SO4, Na2SO4....
- Cc loi in cc: * in cc tr: (v d : platin...) * in cc tan: ( v d: bc, ng...) Chnh anot b oxi ha, n mn dn (tan dn). Cc ion khc c mt trong dung dch hu nh cn nguyn vn, khng b oxi ha. V d: in phn dung dch CuSO4 vi bnh in phn c anot lm bng kim loi Cu: Phng trnh in phn: Cu2+ + Cu Cu(r) + Cu
2+
- ngha s in phn: phng php in phn c ng dng rng ri trong thc t sn xut v trong phng th nghim nghin cu nh dng iu ch kim loi tinh khit; iu ch mt s phi kim v mt s hp cht; tinh ch mt s kin loi hoc trong lnh vc m in... II. NH LNG TRONG QU TRNH IN PHN Khi bit cng dng in ( I) v thi gian in phn (t) ta c th tnh theo cng thc Faraday:
m = A I t / F n
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HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
Trong : m - khi lng cht (rn, lng, kh) thot ra in cc (gam). A - Khi lng nguyn t (i vi kim loi) hoc khi lng phn t (i vi cht kh) n - s electron trao i I - Cng dng in ( A) t - Thi gian in phn (s) F - Hng s Faraday F= 96500C - S mol e trao i mi in cc : n= I t / F * T l A/n c gi l ng lng in ha (). Mt ng lng gam in ha c khi lng A/n (gam)
S ng lng gam n cht (hay ion ) X = S mol nguyn t( hay ion) X .n Ta c : khi Q= 96500C hay 1F
III. MT S KINH NGHIM GII BI TP TRC NGHIM IN PHN (1) H2O bt u in phn ti cc in cc khi:
+ catot: bt u xut hin bt kh hoc khi lng catot khng i ngha l cc ion kim loi b in phn trong dung dch b in phn ht. + Khi pH ca dung dch khng i c ngha l cc ion m hoc dng (hay c hai loi) c th b in phn b in phn ht. Khi tip tc in phn s l H2O b in phn. (2) Khi in phn cc dung dch: + Hiroxit ca kim loi hot ng ha hc mnh (KOH, NaOH, Ba(OH)2,) + Axit c oxi (HNO3, H2SO4, HClO4,) + Mui to bi axit c oxi v baz kim (KNO3, Na2SO4,) Thc t l in phn H2O cho H2 ( catot) v O2 ( anot). (3) Khi in phn dung dch vi anot l mt kim loi khng tr (khng phi Pt hay in cc than ch) th ti anot ch xy ra qu trnh oxi ha in cc. (4) C th c cc phn ng ph xy ra gia tng cp: cht to thnh in cc, cht tan trong dung dch, cht dng lm in cc nh: in phn dung dch NaCl khng mng ngn to ra nc Giaven v c kh H2 thot ra catot ; Phn ng gia axit trong dung dch vi kim loi bm trn catot . (5) Khi lng catot tng chnh l khi lng kim loi to thnh sau in phn bm vo. - gim khi lng ca dung dch: m = (mkt ta + mkh) (6) Vit bn phn ng (thu hoc nhng electron) xy ra cc in cc theo ng th t, khng cn vit phng trnh in phn tng qut v s dng CT: . - Vit phng trnh in phn tng qut (nh nhng phng trnh ha hc thng thng) tnh ton khi cn thit. (7) T cng thc Faraday s mol cht thu c in cc . - Nu bi cho I v t th trc ht tnh s mol electron trao i tng in cc (ne) theo cng thc: (*) (vi F = 96500 khi t = giy v F = 26,8 khi t = gi). Sau da vo th t in phn, so snh tng s mol electron nhng hoc nhn vi ne bit mc in phn xy ra. (8) Nu bi cho lng kh thot ra in cc hoc s thay i v khi lng dung dch, khi lng in cc, pH,th da vo cc bn phn ng tnh s mol electron thu hoc nhng mi in cc ri thay vo cng thc (*) tnh I hoc t . (9) Nu bi yu cu tnh in lng cn cho qu trnh in phn th p dng cng thc:
Q = I.t = ne.F .
(10) C th tnh thi gian t cn in phn ht mt lng ion m bi cho ri so snh vi thi gian t trong bi. Nu t < t th lng ion b in phn ht cn nu t > t th lng ion cha b in phn ht. (11) Khi in phn cc dung dch trong cc bnh in phn mc ni tip th cng dng in v thi gian in phn mi bnh l nh nhau s thu hoc nhng electron cc in cc cng tn phi nh nhau v cc cht sinh ra cc in cc cng tn t l mol vi nhau. (12) Trong nhiu trng hp c th dng nh lut bo ton mol electron (s mol electron thu c catot = s mol electron nhng anot) gii cho nhanh.
III MT S V D MINH HA
Cu 1: in phn hon ton 200ml 1 dd cha 2 mui l Cu(NO3)2 v AgNO3 vi I=0,804A, thi gian in phn l 2gi, ngi ta nhn thy khi lng cc m tng thm 3,44g. Nng mol ca mi mui trong dd ban u ln lt l:
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HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
A. 0,1M v 0,2M B. 0,1M v 0,1M C. 0,1M v 0,15M D. 0,15M v 0,2M
HD:
C1: Vit ptp
Theo Faraday tnh nO2 ri lp hpt gm nO2 v mKL
C2: Theo PP Bte: d dng c ngay h: 015,0.42
44,310864
yx
yx x = y = 0,02
Cu 2: in phn nng chy hon ton 1,9g mui clorua ca kim loi M c 0,48g kim loi M catot. Kim loi M l:
A. Zn B. Ca C. Mg D. Ba
Cu 3: in phn mt dd mui MCln vi in cc tr. Khi catot thu c 16g kim loi M th anot thu c 5,6 lt kh (ktc). Kim loi M l:
A. Mg B. Fe C. Cu D. Ca
HD; Theo Bte c: 2.25,0.16
nM
Cu 4: C 400ml dd cha HCl v KCl em in phn trong bnh in phn c vch ngn vi cng dng in 9,65A trong 20 pht th dung dch cha mt cht tan c PH=13 (coi th tch dung dch khng i). Nng mol/lit ca HCl v KCl trong dung dch ban u ln lt?
A. 0,2M v 0,2M B. 0,1M v 0,2M C. 0,2M v 0,1M D. 0,1M v 0,1M
HD: pH=13 => nKCl = nKOH = 0,04
Theo Faraday: nH2 = 0,06 => nH2(do HCl) = 0,04 => nHCl = 0,08
Cu 5: in phn 200ml dd CuSO4 0,2M vi I=10A trong thi gian a, thy c 224ml kh (ktc) thot ra anot. Bit in cc tr v hiu sut phn ng l 100%. Khi lng kim loi bm catot l:
A. 1,38g B. 1,28g C. 1,52g D. 2,56g
HD: Bi ton cho lng sn phm nn ta c tnh theo sn phm m khng cn quan tm n lng ban u
Cu 6: in phn dd hh cha 0,04mol AgNO3 v 0,05mol Cu(NO3)2 (in cc tr), dng in 5A, trong 32pht 10 giy. Khi lng kim loi bm vo catot l:
A. 6,24g B. 3,12g 6,5g D. 7,24g
HD: Th t in phn: Ag+ Ag (1) Cu2+ Cu (2)
gi t1, t2 ln lt l thi gian in phn Ag+ v Cu2+
Ta c: t1 = 772s => t2 = 1158s => mCu = 1,92g (Ag+ ht, Cu2+ d)
mcatot = mCu, Ag
Cu 7: Sau mt thi gian in phn 200ml dd CuCl2 ngi ta thu c 1,12 lt kh (ktc) anot. Ngm inh st sch trong dd cn li sau khi in phn. Phn ng xong, nhn thy khi lng inh st tng thm 1,2g. Nng mol ban u cu dd CuCl2 l:
A. 1M B. 1,5M C. 1,2M D. 2M
HD: Theo bi ra d dng thy c CuCl2 d v phn ng vi Fe
Theo tng gim khi lng => nCuCl2 (d) = nFe = 0,15; CuCl(p) = nCl2 = 0,05
-
HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
Cu 8: in phn (vi in cc Pt) 200ml dd Cu(NO3)2 n hki bt u c kh thot ra catot th ngng li. yn dd cho n khi khi lng catot khng i, lc khi lng catot tng thm 3,2g so vi lc cha in phn. Nng mol ca dd Cu(NO3)2 trc phn ng l:
A. 0,5M B. 0,9M C. 1M D. 1,5M
HD: p: Cu(NO3)2 Cu + 2HNO3. (1)
xmol x 2x
yn dd cho n khi khi lng catot khng i khi c phn ng:
3Cu + 8HNO3 (2)
Do khi lng catot tng 3,2g nn sau (2) Cu d (HNO3 ht)
Theo (1), (2): mCu(d) = 64(x-3x/4) = 3,2 (tnh theo HNO3)
Cu 9: in phn 250g dd CuSO4 8% n khi nng CuSO4 trong dd thu c gim i v bng mt na so vi trc phn ng th dng li. Khi lng kim bm catot l:
A. 4,08g B. 2,04g C. 4,58g D. 4,5g
HD: nCuSO4 = 0,125
Gi nCuSO4(p) = x Theo pt hoc theo BT e => nCu = x; nO2 = x/2
C%CuSO4 = 04,0
)2
.3264(250
160)125,0(
xx
x
Cu 10: in phn dd hn hp cha Ag2SO4 v CuSO4 mt thi gian thy khi lng catot tng ln 4,96g v kh thot ra anot c th tch l 0,336 lt (ktc). Khi lng kim loi bm catot ln lt l:
A. 4,32g v 0,64g B. 3,32g v 0,64g C. 3,32g v 0,84 D. 4,32 v 1,64
HD: gii h
Cu 11: in phn dung dch NaOH vi cng dng in l 10A trong thi gian 268 gi. Sau khi in phn cn li 100 gam dung dch NaOH c nng 24%. Nng % ca dung dch NaOH trc khi in phn l: A. 4,2% B. 2,4% C. 1,4% D. 4,8%
HD: Khi in phn, NOH ko b in phn m nc b in phn. H2O ---> H2 + 1/2.O2
p dng L Fa-ra-ay (L II), ta c: s mol e trao i = 10.268.3600/96500 = 100 (mol). 2H+ + 2e ---> H2
...........100.....50
=> n(H2O) = 50 mol
=> khi lng nc b in phn = 900 g => khi lng dd ban u = 1000 g. Khi lng NaOH trong dd = 100.24% = 24 (g) ---> C%(dd ban u) = 24/1000.100% = 2,4 %.
-
HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
Cu 12: Cho 2lit dd hn hp FeCl2 0,1M v BaCl2 0,2M (dd X)
a. in phn dd X vi I=5A n khi kt ta ht ion kim loi bm trn catot th thi gian in phn l:
A. 7720s B. 7700s C. 3860s D. 7750s
b. in phn (c mng ngn) dd X thm mt thi gian na n khi dd sau in phn c pH = 13 th tng th tch kh thot ra anot (ktc) l:
A. 3,36lt 6. 6,72lit C. 8,4 lt D. 2,24lit
Cu 13: em in phn 200ml dd NaCl 2M(d=1,1g/ml) vi in cc bng than c mng ngn xp v dd lun lun c khuy u.Kh catot thot ra 22,4 lt kh o iu kin 20 C, 1atm th ngng in phn. Cho bit nng phn trm ca dd NaOH sau in phn: A.8% B.54,42% C. 16,64% D. 8,32%
D thy kh thot ra catot l vi
PT in phn: (1)
Thy nn in phn
0,733---------0,3665
Nn C%NaOH=8,32%
Cu 14: in phn ha ton 2,22 gam mui clorua kim loi trng thi nng chy thu c 448 ml kh ( ktc) anot. Kim loi trong mui l: A. Na B. Ca C.K D. Mg
HD: nCl2 = 0,02
Ti catot: Mn+ + ne M Theo lbt khi lng mM = m(mui) m(Cl2) = 2,22 0,02.71 = 0,8 gam
Ti anot: 2Cl Cl2 + 2e Theo lbt mol electron ta c nM = M = 20.n n = 2 v M l Ca
(hoc c th vit phng trnh in phn MCln M + n/2Cl2 tnh) p n B
Cu 15: Tin hnh in phn (vi in cc Pt) 200 gam dung dch NaOH 10 % n khi dung dch NaOH trong bnh c nng 25 % th ngng in phn. Th tch kh ( ktc) thot ra anot v catot ln lt l: A. 149,3 lt v 74,7 lt B. 156,8 lt v 78,4 lt
C. 78,4 lt v 156,8 lt D. 74,7 lt v 149,3 lt
HD: mNaOH (trc in phn) = 20 gam in phn dung dch NaOH thc cht l in phn nc: H2O 1/2 O2 (anot) + H2 (catot) NaOH khng i m (dung dch sau in phn) = 80 gam m (H2O b in phn) = 200 80 = 120 gam
nH2O = 20/3 mol VO = 74,7 lt v VH = 149,3 lt p n D
Cu 16: Sau mt thi gian in phn 200 ml dung dch CuSO4 ( d = 1,25 g/ml) vi in cc graphit (than ch) thy khi lng dung dch gim 8 gam. lm kt ta ht ion Cu2+ cn li trong dung dch sau in phn cn dng 100 ml dung dch H2S 0,5 M. Nng phn trm ca dung dch CuSO4 ban u l:
A. 12,8 % B. 9,6 % C. 10,6 % D. 11,8 %
-
HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
HD: nH2S = 0,05 mol
- Gi x l s mol CuSO4 tham gia qu trnh in phn: CuSO4 + H2O Cu + 1/2O2 + H2SO4 (1) m (dung dch gim) = m Cu(catot) + m O2(anot) = 64x + 16x = 8 x = 0,1 mol - CuSO4 + H2S CuS + H2SO4 (2)
nH2S = nCuSO4 = 0,05 mol
- T (1) v (2) nCuSO4 (ban u) = 0,1 + 0,05 = 0,15 (mol) C% = p n B
Cu 17: in phn 100 ml dung dch CuSO4 0,2 M vi cng dng in 9,65A. Tnh khi lng Cu bm vo catot khi thi gian in phn t1 = 200 s v t2 = 500 s. Bit hiu sut in phn l 100 % A. 0,32 gam v 0,64 gam B. 0,64 gam v 1,28 gam
C. 0,64 gam v 1,60 gam D. 0,64 gam v 1,32 gam
HD: nCuSO4 = 0,02 = nCu2+
Thi gian cn thit in phn ht Cu2+ l t = s t1 < t < t2 Ti t1 c 1/2 s mol Cu
2+ b in phn m1 = 0,01.64 = 0,64 gam v ti t2 Cu
2+ b in phn ht m2 = 1,28 gam
p n B
Cu 18: in phn 200 ml dung dch hn hp AgNO3 0,1 M v Cu(NO3)2 0,2 M vi in cc tr v cng dng in bng 5A. Sau 19 pht 18 giy dng in phn, ly catot sy kh thy tng m gam. Gi tr ca m l: A. 5,16 gam B. 1,72 gam C. 2,58 gam D. 3,44 gam
Hng dn: nAg+ = 0,02 mol ; nCu2+ = 0,04 mol
- Ta c ne = mol
- Th t cc ion b kh ti catot: Ag
+ + 1e Ag (1) sau (1) cn 0,06 0,02 = 0,04 mol electron
0,02 0,02 0,02
Cu2+
+ 2e Cu (2) sau (2) cn d 0,02 mol Cu2+ 0,02 0,04 0,02
m (catot tng) = m (kim loi bm vo) = 0,02.(108 + 64) = 3,44 gam p n D
Cu 19: Ha tan 50 gam tinh th CuSO4.5H2O vo 200 ml dung dch HCl 0,6 M thu c dung dch X. em in phn dung dch X (cc in cc tr) vi cng dng in 1,34A trong 4 gi. Khi lng kim loi thot ra catot v th tch kh thot ra anot ( ktc) ln lt l (Bit hiu sut in phn l 100 %):
A. 6,4 gam v 1,792 lt B. 10,8 gam v 1,344 lt
C. 6,4 gam v 2,016 lt D. 9,6 gam v 1,792 lt
Hng dn: nCuSO4.5H2O = nCuSO4 = 0,2 mol ; nHCl = 0,12 mol
- Ta c ne = mol
- Th t in phn ti catot v anot l: Ti catot: Cu2+ + 2e Cu Cu2+ cha b in phn ht m (kim loi catot) = 0,1.64 = 6,4 gam 0,1 0,2 0,1
Ti anot: 2Cl
Cl2 + 2e ne (do Cl
nhng) = 0,12 < 0,2 mol ti anot Cl b in phn ht v
0,12 0,06 0,12 n nc b in phn ne (do H2O nhng) = 0,2 0,12 = 0,08 mol 2H2O O2 + 4H
+ + 4e
-
HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
0,02 0,08
V (kh thot ra anot) = (0,06 + 0,02).22,4 = 1,792 lt p n A
Cu 20: C 200 ml dung dch hn hp Cu(NO3)2 v AgNO3, in phn ht ion kim loi trong dung dch cn dng cng dng in 0,402A trong 4 gi. Sau khi in phn xong thy c 3,44 gam kim loi bm catot. Nng mol ca Cu(NO3)2 v AgNO3 trong hn hp u ln lt l: A. 0,2 M v 0,1 M B. 0,1 M v 0,2 M
C. 0,2 M v 0,2 M D. 0,1 M v 0,1 M
Hng dn:
- Ta c ne = mol
- Ti catot: Ag+ + 1e Ag Ta c h phng trnh:
x x (mol)
Cu2+
+ 2e Cu CM Cu(NO3)2 = CM AgNO3 = 0,1 M p n D y y (mol)
Cu 21: Ha tan 4,5 gam tinh th MSO4.5H2O vo nc c dung dch X. in phn dung dch X vi in cc tr v cng dng in 1,93A. Nu thi gian in phn l t (s) th thu c kim loi M catot v 156,8 ml kh ti anot. Nu thi gian in phn l 2t (s) th thu c 537,6 ml kh . Bit th tch cc kh o ktc. Kim loi M v thi gian t ln lt l: A. Ni v 1400 s B. Cu v 2800 s
C. Ni v 2800 s D. Cu v 1400 s
Hng dn: Gi nMSO4 = nM2+
= x mol
Cu 22: Mc ni tip hai bnh in phn: bnh (1) cha dung dch MCl2 v bnh (2) cha dung dch AgNO3. Sau 3 pht 13 giy th catot bnh (1) thu c 1,6 gam kim loi cn catot bnh (2) thu c 5,4 gam kim loi. C hai bnh u khng thy kh catot thot ra. Kim loi M l: A. Zn B. Cu C. Ni D. Pb
Hng dn: - Do hai bnh mc ni tip nn ta c:
Q = I.t = M = 64 Cu p n B
Cu 23: in phn nng chy Al2O3 vi anot than ch (hiu sut in phn 100 %) thu c m kg Al catot v 67,2 m
3 ( ktc) hn hp kh X c t khi so vi hiro bng 16. Ly 2,24 lt ( ktc) hn hp
kh X sc vo dung dch nc vi trong (d) thu c 2 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l: A. 54,0 kg B. 75,6 kg C. 67,5 kg D. 108,0 kg
Hng dn: 2Al2O3 4Al + 3O2 (1) ; C + O2 CO2 (2) ; 2C + O2 2CO (3)
- Do X = 32 hn hp X c CO2 ; CO (x mol) v O2 d (y mol) - 2,24 lt X + Ca(OH)2 d 0,02 mol kt ta = nCO2 trong 67,2 m
3 X c 0,6 CO2
-
HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
- Ta c h phng trnh: v 0,6 + x + y = 3 x = 1,8 v y = 0,6
T (1) ; (2) ; (3) mAl = kg p n B
Cu 24: in phn dung dch gm 7,45 gam KCl v 28,2 gam Cu(NO3)2
(in cc tr, mng ngn xp)
n khi khi lng dung dch gim i 10,75 gam th ngng in phn (gi thit lng nc bay hi khng ng k). Tt c cc cht tan trong dung dch sau in phn l
A. KNO3, HNO
3 v Cu(NO
3)2. B. KNO
3, KCl v KOH.
C. KNO3
v Cu(NO3)2. D. KNO
3 v KOH.
Gii
n KCl = 0.1 mol, n Cu(NO3)2 = 0.15 mol
2KCl + 2H2O 2KOH + H2 + Cl2
0.1 0.1 0.05 0.05 mol
m dd gim = 0.05 .2 + 0.05 .71 = 3.65 g < 10,75 g
Cu(NO3)2 tip tc b in phn
2Cu(NO3)2 + 2H2O 2Cu + 4 HNO3 + O2
x x 2x x/2
m dd gim = 10,75 - 3.65 = 7.1 = 64x + 16x => x = 0.08875 mol
n HNO3 = 0.1775 mol,
n KOH = 0.1 mol ,
n Cu(NO3)2 d = 0.06125 mol
Cu 25: in phn dung dch hn hp cha 18,8g Cu(NO3)2 v 29,8g KCl in cc tr c mng ngn.sau mt thi gian thy khi lng dung dch gim 17,15g so vi ban u,th tch dung dch l 400ml.tnh nng mol cc cht sau iin phn.
HD: n Cu(NO3)2=0,1 mol
n KCl=0,4 mol
coi hn hp ban u gm 0,1 mol CuCl2 , 0,2 mol KCl v 0,2 mol KNO3 in phn
CuCl2--->Cu + Cl2
0,1...........0,1....0,1 ---->m gim= 0,1.64+0.1.71=13,5g KCl+ H2O---->KOH + 1/2 H2 + 1/2 Cl2
x......................x.........0,5x.........0,5x ---->0,5x.2+0,5x.71=17,15-13,5 -->x=0,1 mol
Vy sau phn ng c 0,1 mol KCl, 0,1 mol KOH, 0,2 mol KNO3 --->C(M) sau p c HNO3 , Cu(NO3)2 d , KNO3
TRC NGHIM LUYN TP
Bi 1. Qu trnh xy ra ti cc in cc khi in phn dung dch Cu(NO3)2 l :
A. Cc d-ng : Kh ion NO3- B. Cc m : Oxi ho ion NO3
-
C. Cc m : Kh ion Cu2+ D. Cc d-ng : Kh H2O
Bi 2. Mt dung dch X cha ng thi NaNO3, Cu(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3, Zn(NO3)2, AgNO3. Th t cc kim
loi thot ra catot khi in phn dung dch trn l:
A. Ag, Fe,Cu, Zn, Na B. Ag, Fe, Cu, Zn C. Ag, Cu, Fe D. Ag, Cu, Fe, Zn
Bi 3. Khi in phn dung dch CuSO4 ngi ta thy khi lng catt tng ng bng khi lng ant gim. iu chng t ngi ta dng
-
HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
A. catt Cu. B. catt tr. C. ant Cu. D. ant tr.
HD: hin tng cc tan (anot tan) => C
Bi 4 Dy gm cc kim loi -c iu ch trong cng nghip bng ph-ng php in phn hp cht
nng chy ca chng l.
A. Na, Ca, Zn B. Na, Cu, Al C. Na, Ca, Al D. Fe, Ca, Al
Bi 5 in phn dung dch cha a mol CuSO4 v b mol KCl ( vi in cc tr , c mng ngn xp ) .
dung dch sau in phn ho tan -c MgO th iu kin ca a v b l
A. b > 2a B. b =2a C. b < 2a D. 2b =a
Bi 6 in phn dung dch cha a mol CuSO4 v b mol NaCl (vi in cc tr c mng ngn xp).
dung dch sau khi n phn lm phenolphtalein chuyn sang mu hng th iu kin ca a v b l
A. b > 2a B. b = 2a C. b < 2a D. 2b = a
Bi 7 Khi in phn hn hp dung dch b mol NaCl v a mol CuSO4 , nu dung dch sau khi in phn
phn ng -c Al th s xy tr-ng hp no sau y
A. b > 2a B. b < 2a
C. b # 2a D. a> 2b hoc a< 2b
Bi 8 Khi in phn c vch ngn dung dch gm NaCl, HCl . Sau mt thi gian in phn xc nh xy ra tr-ng hp no sau y, tr-ng hp no ng :
A. Dung dch thu -c lm qu tm ha B. Dung dch thu -c khng i mu qu tm
C. Dung dch thu -c lm xanh qu tm D. A hoc B hoc C u ng
Bi 9 Natri, canxi, magie, nhm -c sn xut trong cng nghip bng ph-ng php no:
A. Ph-ng php thu luyn. B. Ph-ng php nhit luyn.
C. Ph-ng php in phn. D. Ph-ng php in phn hp cht nng chy.
Bi 10 iu no l khng ng trong cc iu sau:
A. in phn dung dch NaCl thy pH dung dch tng dn
B. in phn dung dch CuSO4 thy pH dung dch gim dn
C. in phn dung dch NaCl + CuSO4 thy pH dung dch khng i
D. in phn dung dch NaCl + HCl thy pH dung dch tng dn
(coi th tch dung dch khi in phn l khng i, khi c mt NaCl th dng thm mng ngn)
Bi 11 Trong cng nghip natri hiroxit -c sn xut bng ph-ng php
A. in phn dung dch NaCl, khng c mng ngn in cc
B. in phn dung dch NaNO3, khng c mng ngn in cc
C. in phn dung dch NaCl, c mng ngn in cc
D. in phn NaCl nng chy
Bi 12 iu ch Cu t dung dch Cu(NO3)2 bng ph-ng php no th thu -c Cu tinh khit 99,999% ?
A. Ph-ng php thy luyn. B. Ph-ng php nhit luyn
C. Ph-ng php in phn D. C A, B, C
Bi13 in phn dng in cc tr dung dch mui sunfat kim loi ho tr II vi c-ng dng in
3A.
Sau 1930 giy thy khi l-ng catot tng 1,92 gam, Cho bit tn kim loi trong mui sunfat
A. Fe B. Ca C. Cu D. Mg
-
HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
Bi 14 in phn dung dch MSO4 khi anot thu -c 0,672 lt kh (ktc) th thy khi l-ng catot tng
3,84 gam. Kim loi M l
A. Cu B. Fe C. Ni D. Zn
Bi 15 in phn 100 ml hn hp dung dch gm FeCl3 1M , FeCl2 2M , CuCl2 1M v HCl 2M vi in cc
tr c mng ngn xp cng dng in l 5A trong 2 gi 40 pht 50 giy catot thu c
A.5,6 g Fe B.2,8 g Fe C.6,4 g Cu D.4,6 g Cu
Bi 16 in phn nng chy mui clorua ca kim loi M, anot thu -c 1,568 lt kh (ktc), khi
l-ng kim loi thu -c catot l 2,8 gam. Kim loi M l
A. Mg B. Na C. K D. Ca
Bi 17 Khi in phn 25,98 gam iotua ca mt kim loi X nng chy, th thu -c 12,69 gam iot. Cho
bit cng thc mui iotua
A. KI B. CaI2 C. NaI D. CsI
Bi 18 Dung dch cha ng thi NaCl, CuCl2, FeCl3, CaCl2. Kim loi u tin thot ra catot khi in
phn dung dch trn l :
A. Fe B. Zn C. Cu D. Ca
Bi 19 in phn dung dch CuSO4 bng in cc tr vi dng in c c-ng I = 0,5A trong thi
gian 1930 giy th khi l-ng ng v th tch kh O2 sinh ra l
A. 0, 64g v 0,112 lit B. 0, 32g v 0, 056 lt C. 0, 96g v 0, 168 lt D. 1, 28g v 0, 224 lt
Bi 20 in phn n ht 0,1 mol Cu(NO3)2 trong dung dch vi in tc tr, th sau in phn khi
l-ng dung dch gim bao nhiu gam
A. 1,6g B. 6,4g C. 8,0 gam D. 18,8g
Bi 21: in phn 200 ml dung dch hn hp gm HCl 0,1M v CuSO4 0,5M bng in cc tr . Khi catot c 3,2 gam Cu th th tch kh thot ra Anot
A.0,672 lit B.0,84 lt C.6,72 lt D.0,448 lt
Bi 22 Tnh th tch kh (ktc) thu -c khi in phn ht 0,1 mol NaCl trong dung dch vi in cc
tr, mng ngn xp
A. 0,024 lit
B. 1,120 lit C. 2,240 lit D. 4,489 lit
Bi 23 in phn dung dch CuCl2 vi in cc tr , sau mt thi gian thu -c 0,32 gam Cu catot v
mt l-ng kh X anot. Hp th hon ton l-ng kh X trn vo 200 ml dung dch NaOH nhit th-ng). Sau phn ng nng NaOH cn li l 0,05M ( gi thit th tch ca dung dch NaOH khng thay i). Nng ban u ca dung dch NaOH l.
A. 0,15 M B. 0,2M C. 0,1 M D. 0,05M
Bi 24 *in phn 200 ml dung dch CuSO4 vi in cc tr bng dng in mt chiu I = 9,65 A. Khi
th tch kh thot ra c hai in cc u l 1,12 lt (ktc) th dng in phn. Khi l-ng kim loi sinh ra catt v thi gian in phn l:
A. 3,2gam v 2000 s B. 2,2 gam v 800 s C. 6,4 gam v 3600 s D. 5,4 gam v 1800 s
Bi 25 in phn 200ml dd CuSO4 0,5 M v FeSO4 0,5M trong 15 pht vi in cc tr v dng in I= 5A s thu -c catot
A. ch c ng B. Va ng, va st
C. ch c st D. va ng va st vi l-ng mi kim loi l ti a
-
HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
Bi 26 in phn 200ml dung dch hn hp gm HCl 0,1M v Cu(NO3)2 0,5M bng in cc tr. Khi
catot c 3,2g Cu th th tch kh thot ra ant l
A. 0, 56 lt B. 0, 84 lt C. 0, 672 lt D. 0,448 lit
Bi 27 in phn dd cha 0,2 mol FeSO4 v 0,06 mol HCl vi dng in 1,34 A trong 2 gi (in cc
tr, c mng ngn). B qua s ho tan ca clo trong n-c v coi hiu sut in phn l 100%. Khi l-ng kim loi thot ra catot v th tch kh thot ra anot (ktc) ln l-t l:
A. 1,12 g Fe v 0, 896 lit hn hp kh Cl2 , O2. B. 1,12 g Fe v 1, 12 lit hn hp kh Cl2 v O2.
C. 11,2 g Fe v 1, 12 lit hn hp kh Cl2 v O2. D. 1,12 g Fe v 8, 96 lit hn hp kh Cl2 v O2.
Bi 28 Tin hnh in phn hon ton dung dch X cha AgNO3 v Cu(NO3)2 thu -c 56 gam hn hp
kim loi catot v 4,48 lt kh anot (ktc). S mol AgNO3 v Cu(NO3)2 trong X ln l-t l
A. 0,2 v 0,3 B. 0,3 v 0,4 C. 0,4 v 0,2 D. 0,4 v 0,3
Bi 29 in phn 100ml dung dch A cha ng thi HCl 0,1M v NaCl 0,2 M vi in cc tr c
mng ngn xp ti khi anot thot ra 0,224 lt kh (ktc) th ngng in phn. Dung dch sau khi in phn c pH (coi th tch dung dch thay i khng ng k) l
A. 6 B. 7 C. 12 D. 13
Bi 30 in phn 300ml dung dch CuSO4 0,2M vi c-ng dng in l 3,86A. Khi l-ng kim loi
thu -c catot sau khi in phn 20 pht l
A. 1,28 gam B.1,536 gam C. 1,92 gam D. 3,84 gam
Bi 31 C 200ml dung dch hn hp Cu(NO3)2 v AgNO3. in phn ht ion kim loi trong dung dch
cn dng dng in 0,402A, thi gian 4 gi, trn catot thot ra 3,44 gam kim loi. Nng mol/lit ca Cu(NO3)2 v AgNO3 l
A. 0,1 v 0,2 B. 0,01 v 0,1 C. 0,1 v 0,01 D. 0,1 v 0,1
Bi 32 Tin hnh in phn (c mng ngn xp) 500 ml dung dch cha hn hp HCl 0,02M v NaCl
0,2M. Sau khi anot bay ra 0,448 lt kh ( ktc) th ngng in phn. Cn bao nhiu ml dung dch HNO3 0,1M trung ho dung dch thu -c sau in phn
A. 200 ml B. 300 ml C. 250 ml D. 400 ml
Bi 33 Ho tan 1,28 gam CuSO4 vo n-c ri em in phn ti hon ton, sau mt thi gian thu -c
800 ml dung dch c pH = 2. Hiu sut phn ng in phn l
A. 62,5% B. 50% C. 75% D. 80%
Bi 34 Ho tan 5 gam mui ngm n-c CuSO4.nH2O ri em in phn ti hon ton, thu -c dung
dch A. Trung ho dung dch A cn dung dch cha 1,6 gam NaOH. Gi tr ca n l
A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 8
Bi 35 in phn dung dch mt mui nitrat kim loi vi hiu sut dng in l 100%, c-ng dng
in khng i l 7,72A trong thi gian 9 pht 22,5 giy. Sau khi kt thc khi l-ng catot tng ln 4,86 gam do kim loi bm vo. Kim loi l
A. Cu B. Ag C. Hg D. Pb
Bi 36 Tin hnh in phn (c mng ngn xp) dung dch X cha hn hp gm 0,02 mol HCl v 0,05
mol NaCl vi C-ng dng in l 1,93A trong thi gian 3000 giy, thu -c dung dch Y. Nu cho qu tm vo X v Y th thy
A. X lm qu tm, Y lm xanh qu tm. B. X lm qu tm, Y lm qu tm.
C. X l qu tm, Y khng i mu qu tm. D. X khng i mu qu tm, Y lm xanh qu tm
Bi 37:in phn 100ml dung dch cha AgNO3 0.1M v Cu(NO3)2 0.1M vi cng dng in I l
1.93A.Tnh thi gian in phn (vi hiu xut l 100%) kt ta ht Ag (t1), kt ta ht Ag v Cu (t2)
A. t1 = 500s, t2 = 1000s B. t1 = 1000s, t2 = 1500s
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HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
C. t1 = 500s, t2 = 1200s D. t1 = 500s, t2 = 1500s
Bi 38:in phn 100ml dung dch CuSO4 0.2M vi cng I = 9.65 A.Tnh khi lng Cu bm bn catot khi thi gian in phn t1 = 200s v t2 = 500s(vi hiu sut l 100%).
A. 0.32g ; 0.64g B. 0.64g ; 1.28g
C. 0.64g ; 1.32g D. 0.32g ; 1.28g
Bi 39:in phn 100ml dung dch CuSO4 0.1M cho n khi va bt u si bt bn catot th ngng in phn. Tnh pH dung dch ngay khi y vi hiu sut l 100%.Th tch dung dch c xem nh khng i. Ly lg2 = 0.30.
A. pH = 0.1 B. pH = 0.7 C. pH = 2.0 D. pH = 1.3
Bi 40:in phn 100ml dung dch cha NaCl vi in cc tr ,c mng ngn, cng dng in I l 1.93A. Tnh thi gian in phn c dung dch pH = 12, th tch dung dch c xem nh khng thay i, hiu sut in phn l 100%.
A. 100s B.50s C. 150s D. 200s
Bi 41:in phn 100 ml dung dch CuSO4 002M v AgNO3 0.1M vi cng dng in I = 3.86A.Tnh thi gian in phn c mt khi lng kim loi bm bn catot l 1.72g.
A. 250s B. 1000s C. 500s D. 750s
Bi 42:in phn 100ml dung dch CuCl2 0.08M. Cho dung dch thu c sau khi in phn tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 d th thu c 0.861g kt ta. Tnh khi lng Cu bm bn catot v th tch thu c anot. .
A.0.16g Cu ; 0.056 l Cl2 B. 0.64g Cu ; 0.112 l Cl2
C. 0.32g Cu ; 0.112 l Cl2 C. 0.64g Cu ; 0.224 l Cl2
Bi 43: in phn 100ml dung dch CuSO4 0.1M vi cng I = 9,65A.Tnh th tch kh thu c bn catot v bn anot lc t1 = 200s v t2 = 300s.
A.catot:0;112ml; anot:112;168ml B. catot:0;112ml; anot:56;112ml
C. catot:112;168ml; anot:56;84ml D. catot:56;112ml; anot:28;56ml
Bi 44:in phn 100ml dung dch AgNO3 0.2M. Tnh cng I bit rng phi in phn trong thi gian 1000s th bt u si bt bn catot v tnh pH ca dung dch ngay khi y. Th tch dung dch c xem nh khng thay i trong qu trnh in phn. Ly lg2 = 0.30.
A. I = 1.93A, pH = 1.0 B. I = 2.86A, pH = 2.0
C. I = 1.93A, pH = 0,7 D. I = 2.86A, pH = 1.7
Bi 45:in phn 200ml dung dch CuSO4 0.1M v MgSO4 cho n khi bt u si bt bn catot th ngng in phn. Tinh khi lng kim loi bm bn catot v th tch(ktc) thot ra bn anot.
A. 1.28g; 0,224 lt B. 0.64; 1.12lt
C.1.28g; 1.12 lt D. 0.64; 2.24 lt
Bi 46: (TSH khi B 2009) in phn nng chy Al2O3 vi anot than ch (hiu sut in phn 100%) thu c m kg Al catot v 67,2 m3( ktc) hn hp kh X c t khi so vi hiro bng 16. Ly 2,24 lt ( ktc) hn hp kh X sc vo dung dch nc vi trong (d) thu c 2 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 54,0. B. 75,6. C. 67,5. D. 108,0.
Bi 47. in phn 100 ml dung dch cha NaCl vi in cc tr,c mng ngn, cng dng in I=3,86A.Tnh thi gian in phn c dung dch pH=12, th tch dung dch c xem nh khng i,hiu sut l 100%.
A.100s B. 50s C. 150s D. 25s
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HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
Bi 48. in phn 200 ml dung dch CuSO4 0,2 M v AgNO3 0,1 M.vi cng dng in I=3,86 A.Tnh thi gian in phn c mt khi lng kim loi bm bn catot l 1,72g.
A.250s B.1000s C. 398,15s D. 750s
Bi 49. Cho mt dng in c cng I khng i i qua 2 bnh in phn mc ni tip,bnh 1 cha 100ml dung dch CuSO4 0,01M, bnh 2 cha 100 ml dung dch AgNO3 0,01M. Bit rng sau thi gian in phn 500s th bn bnh 2 xut hin kh bn catot, tnh cng I v khi lng Cu bm bn catot bnh 1 v th tch kh (ktc) xut hin bn anot ca bnh 1.
A.0,193A;0,032g Cu;5,6 ml O2 B. 0,193A;0,032g Cu;11,2 ml O2
C.0,386A;0,64g Cu;22,4 ml O2 D. 0,193A;0,032g Cu;22,4 ml O2
Bi 50. in phn 400 ml dung dch cha 2 mui KCl v CuCl2 vi in cc tr v mng ngn cho n khi anot thot ra 3,36lt kh(ktc) th ngng in phn. trung ha dung dich sau in phn cn 100 ml dd HNO3 1M. Dung dch sau khi trung ha tc dng vi AgNO3 d sinh ra 2,87 (gam) kt ta trng. Tnh nng mol ca mi mui trong dung dch trc in phn.
A. [CuCl2]=0,25M,[KCl]=0,03M B. [CuCl2]=0,25M,[KCl]=3M
C. [CuCl2]=2,5M,[KCl]=0,3M D. [CuCl2]=0,25M,[KCl]=0,3M
Bi 51. in phn 200 ml dd CuSO4(dung dch X) vi in cc tr sau thi gian ngng in phn th thy khi lng X gim. Dung dch sau in phn tc dng va vi 500ml dd BaCl2 0,3M to kt ta trng. Cho bit khi lng ring dung dch CuSO4 l 1,25g/ml; sau in phn lng H2O bay hi khng ng k. Nng mol/lt v nng % dung dich CuSO4 trc in phn l?
A. 0,35M, 8% B. 0,52, 10% C. 0,75M,9,6% D. 0,49M, 12%
Bi 52.in phn 200ml dung dch Y gm KCl 0,1M v Cu(NO3)2 0,2M vi cng dng in 5A trong thi gian 1158 giy, in cc tr, mng ngn xp. Gi s nc bay hi khng ng k. gim khi lng ca dung dch sau khi in phn l
A. 3,59 gam. B. 2,31 gam. C. 1,67 gam. D. 2,95 gam
Bi 53. in phn dung dch X cha 0,4 mol M(NO3)2 v NaNO3 (vi in cc tr) trong thi gian 48 pht 15 giy, thu c 11,52 gam kimloi M ti catt v 2,016 lt kh (ktc) ti ant.Tn kim loi M v cng dng in l
A. Fe v 24A B. Zn v 12A C. Ni v 24A D. Cu v 12A
Bi 54. in phn (p) 500ml dung dch AgNO3 vi in cc tr cho n khi catot bt u c kh thot ra th ngng p . trung ha dd sau in phn cn 800ml dd NaOH 1M. Nng mol AgNO3, v thi gian in phn l bao nhiu bit I=20A?
A. 0,8M, 3860giy B. 1,6M, 3860giy C. 1,6M, 360giy D. 0,4M, 380giy
Bi 55: (TSH khi A 2009) Dy cc kim loi u c th c iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch mui ca chng l:
A. Fe, Cu, Ag. B. Mg, Zn, Cu. C. Al, Fe, Cr. D. Ba, Ag, Au.
Bi 56: (TSH khi B 2009) in phn c mng ngn 500 ml dung dch cha hn hp gm CuCl2 0,1M v NaCl 0,5M (in cc tr, hiu sut in phn 100%) vi cng dng in 5A trong 3860 giy. Dung dch thu c sau in phn c kh nng ho tan m gam Al. Gi tr ln nht ca m l
A. 4,05. B. 2,70. C. 1,35. D. 5,40.
Cau 57 :Khi ien phan dung dch muoi an bao hoa trong nc th xay ra hien tng nao trong trong so
cac hien tng cho di ay ?
A)Kh oxi thoat ra catot va kh clo thoat ra anot.
B)Kh hidro thoat ra catot va kh clo thoat ra anot.
C)Kim loai natri thoat ra catot va kh clo thoat ra anot.
D)Nc Gia ven c tao thanh trong bnh ien phan.
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Cau 58: ien phan dung dch ASO4 bang ien cc tr vi dong ien co cng o 6A. Sau 29 phut
ien phan thay catot tang 3,45g .kim loai A hoa tr II la:
A)Sn B)Zn C)Cu D)Ni
Cau 59:ien phan 200ml dung dch KOH 2M(D =1,1 g/cm3) vi ien cc tr. Khi catot thoat ra 2,24
lt kh ( ktc) th ngng ien phan. Biet rang nc bay hi khong ang ke.Dung dch sau ien phan
co nong o phan tram la:
A)10,27% B)10,18% C10,9% D)38,09%.
Cau 60: ien phan 400ml dung dch CuSO4 0,2M vi cng o 10A, Sau mot thi gian ien phan thu
c 0,224 lt kh ( ktc) anot. Biet ien cc a dung la ien cc tr va hieu suat ien phan la
100% Khoi lng catot tang la:
A)1,28g B)0,32g C)0,64g D)3,2g
Cau 61:ien phan dung dch Ag(NO3) vi cac ien cc bang than ch. vi cng o dong ien la 0,8
A, thi gian ien phan la 14 phut 15 giay.Khoi lng Ag ieu che c va the tch kh thu c
anot( ktc)la:
A)0,75g va 39,6 ml B)0,765g va 39,6 ml C)7,5g va 3,96 lt D)6,5g va 39,6 lt
Cau 62: ien phan dung dch Ag(NO3) cac ien cc bang than ch, thi gian ien phan la 15 phut ,
thu c 0,432 g Ag catot . Sau o ,e ket tua het ion Ag+ con lai trong dung dch sau ien phan,
can dung 25ml dung dch NaCl 0,4 M. Khoi lng AgNO3 co trong dung dch ban au va cng o
dong ien a dung lan lt la:
A)2,4g va 2A B)2,38g va 0,429 A C)2,5g va 0,5 A D)1,25g va 1 A
Cau 63:ien phan 200ml dung dch AgNO3 0,4M vi ien cc tr,trong thi gian 4 gi, cng o
dong ien la 0,402 A.Nong o mol cac dung dch sau ien phan la:(coi the tch dung dch khong oi)
A) [AgNO3]0,1M va [HNO3] 0,3M B) [AgNO3]0,2M va [HNO3] 0,2M
C)[AgNO3]0,4M va [HNO3] 0,3M D) [HNO3] 0,3M
Cau 64: ien phan 100ml dung dch CuSO40,5M vi ien cc tr bang graphit,trong thi gian 1 gi,
cng o dong ien la 0,16 A.Nong o mol cac ion trong dung dch sau ien phan la:(coi the tch dung
dch khong oi)
A) [H+]0,1M va [Cu
2+] 0,47M,[SO4
2+]0,5M B) [H
+]0,06M va [Cu
2+] 0,47M,[SO4
2_]0,5M
C) [H+]0,1M va [SO4
2+]0,5M D) [H
+]0,06M va [Cu
2+] 0,47M.
Cau 65:ien phan dung dch NaOH vi cng o dong ien khong oi la 10 ampe, trong 268 gi.Sau
ien phan con lai 100g dung dch NaOH 24%. Nong o % NaOH trc ien phan la:
A)24% B)2,4% C) 6% D)12%
Cau 66:Trong qua trnh ien phan CuSO4(cac ien cc lam bang graphit) mo ta nao sau ay la ung:
A) anot xay ra s kh ion Cu2+
B) catot xay ra s oxi hoa phan t nc
C) catot xay ra s kh ion Cu2+
B) anot xay ra s oxi ion SO42-
Cau 67:ien phan dung dch cha 0,02 mol FeSO4 va 0,06 mol HCl vi I = 1,34 A trong 2 gi(ien
cc tr co mang ngan),bo qua s hoa tan kh Cl2 trong nc, coi hieu suat ien phan la 100% .khoi
lng kim loai thoat ra catot va the tch kh ( ktc) thoat ra anot la :
A)11,2g va 8,96 lt B)1,12g va 0,896 lt C) B)5,6g va 4,48lt D)1, 2g va 1 lt
Cau 68:Tien hanh ien phan hoan toan dung dch X cha AgNO3 va Cu(NO3)2 thu c 56gam hon
hp kim loai catot va 4,48 lt kh anot ( ktc).So mol AgNO3 va Cu(NO3)2 trong X lan lt la:
A) 0,2 va 0,3 B) 0,3 va 0,4 C) 0,4 va 0,2 D) 0,2
va 0,4
Cau 69:ien phan 2 lt dung dch CuSO4 vi ien cc pt va dong ien mot chieu co cng o 10 A
cho en khi catot bat au co kh thoat ra th ngng phai mat 32 phut 10 giay. Nong o mol CuSO4 ban
au va pH dung dch sau phan ng la:
A)[CuSO4] = 0,5M va pH = 1 B) [CuSO4] = 0,05M va pH = 10
C)[CuSO4] = 0,005M va pH = 1 D)[CuSO4] = 0,05M va pH = 1
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HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
Cau 70:Hoa tan 1,28g CuSO4 vao nc roi em ien phan ti hoan toan, sau mot thi gian thu c
800ml dung dch co pH = 2.Hieu suat phan ng ien phan la:
A)50% B)75% C)80% D)65%
Cau 71:ien phan 100ml dung dch CuSO4 dung ien cc tr va dong ien mot chieu I = 1 A en khi
cactot bat au co bot kh thaot1 ra th dng lai. Dung dch sau ien phan co pH = 1 Hieu suat phan
ng la 100%.nong o mol CuSO4 va thi gian ien phan lan lt la:
A) 0,05M va 965 giay A) 0,05M va 865 giay A) 0,05M va 60 giay A) 0,5M va
965 giay
Cau 72:Cho chat ran B gom 0,84 gam Fe va 1,92 gam Cu tac dung het vi clo d, sau o lay san
pham hoa tan trong nc c dung dch E. ien phan dung dch E vi ien cc tr ti khi anot thu
c 504ml kh ( ktc).Biet hieu suat ien phan la 100% .Khoi lng catot tang la:
A)1,41g B)0,84g C)0,64g D)0,96g
Cau 73:Hoa tan 30,4g FeSO4 vao 200g dung dch HCl 1,095% thu c dung dch A.em ien phan
dung dch A vi ien cc tr co mang ngan xop vi cng o dong ien I= 1,34 A trong 2 gi. Biet
hieu suat ien phan la 100%.Khoi lng kim loai thoat ra catot ,the tch kh thoat ra anot ( ktc)
va khoi lng dung dch sau khi ien phan lan lt la:
A)1,12g; 0,896 lt ; 226,83g A)1,12g; 0,896 lt ; 226,77g
A)5,6g; 0,896 lt ; 226,77g A)1,12g; 0,448 lt ; 226,77g
Cau 74:ien phan 200ml dung dch CuSO4 vi ien cc tr bang dong ien mot chieu I = 9,65 A. Khi
the tch kh thoat ra hai ien cc eu bang 1,12 lt ( ktc) th ngng ien phan. Khoi lng cactot
tang len va thi gian ien phan lan lt la:
A)3,2g va 1000s B)3,2g va 2000s C)2,5g va 1000s D)1,25g va 2000s
Cau 75:ien phan 100ml dung dch gom Ag2SO4 0,008M va CuSO4 0,008M trong thi gian 7 phut 43
giay vi ien cc tr va I = 0,5 A.Khoi lng kim loai thoat ra catot la:
A)0,849g B)0,1894g C)0,0,1948g D)0,0,1984g
Cau 76:ien phan nong chay hoan toan 6,8 g hon hp X gom 2 muoi clorua cua 2 kim loai kiem
thuoc 2 chu k ke tiep, th anot thu c 2,24 lt kh ( ktc).Tm ten cua 2 nguyen to tren.Biet hieu
suat ien phan la 100%.
A)Na,K B)K,Rb C)Li,Na D)Rb,Cs
Cau 77:ien phan dung dch X co 0,1 mol AgNO3 va 0,15 mol Cu(NO3)2 vi anot bang ong trong
thi gian 2 gi, vi I = 9,65 A.Khoi lng thanh anot tang giam bao nhieu giam?Biet hieu suat ien
phan la 100%.
A) Tang 23,04g B) giam 23,04 g C) Tang 15,25g D)Giam 15,25g
Cau 78: ien phan dung dch X co a mol AgNO3 va 0,12 mol Cu(NO3)2 vi anot bang Cu trong thi
gian th dng,lay thanh anot ra can thay thanh anot giam i 9,6 gam.Dung dch sau ien phan cho
NaOH d vao khong co ket tua . Tnh a. Biet hieu suat ien phan la 100%.
A)0,05 mol B)0,06mol C)0,07mol D)0,08mol.
Cau 79:Trong mot dung dch X co cac chat ien li tan :FeCl2, NaCl, CuCl2 , FeCl3 ,MaCl2..Th t
ien phan sinh ra tren catot trong qua trnh ien phan la:
A)Fe,Cu,Mg ,Na B)Fe,Cu C)Cu,Fe,Mg D)Cu,Fe.
Cau 80:ien phan dung dch X co cha a mol KBr va b mol CuSO4(ien cc tr ,co mang ngan).Sau
mot thi gian thay dung dch sau ien phan lam phenolphtalein chuyen sang mau hong.Biet hieu suat
ien phan la 100%. Moi quan he gi a,b la:
A)a 2b C)a = 2b D)b >2a
Cau 81:Co 2 bnh ien phan mac noi tiep nhau(ien cc tr).Bnh 1 cha dung dch CuCl2 ,bnh 2
cha dung dch AgNO3 .Tien hanh ien phan, sau khi ket thuc thay catot bnh 1 tang them 1,6
gam.Khoi lng catot bnh 2 tang them:
A)1,6g B)2,52g C)5,4g D)10,8g.
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HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
Cau 82:Khi ien phan 500ml dung dch CaCl2 vi ien cc platin co mang ngan thu c 123 ml kh
(270C ,1atm) anot.Tnh pH cua dung dch sau ien phan. Coi the tch dung dch thay oi khong
ang ke.
A)pH = 12,3 B)pH = 13 C)pH = 10,5 D)pH = 13,5
Cau 83:Dung dch X cha HCl , CuSO4 va Fe2(SO4)3.Lay 400ml dung dch X i ien phan (ien cc
tr) vi I = 7,72 A en khi catot c 0,08 mol Cu th dng lai.Khi o anot co 0,1 mol mot chat
kh bay ra. Thi gian ien phan va nong o mol cua Fe2+
lan lt la:
A)2300s va 0,1 M B)2500s va 0,1M C)2300s va 0,15M D)2500s va 0,15M
Cau 84:ien phan dung dch CuCl2 vi ien cc tr, sau mot thi gian thu c 0,23g Cu catot va
mot lng kh X anot .hap thu hoan toan mot lng kh X tren vao 200ml dung dch NaOH( nhiet
o thng). Sau phan ng nong o con lai la 0,05M(Gia thiet the tch dung dch thay oi khong ang
ke).Nong ong ban au cua dung dch NaOH la:
A)0,05M B)0,1M C)0,2M D)0,15M
Cau 85: ien phan dung dch X co cha b mol NaCl va a mol CuSO4(ien cc tr ,co mang
ngan).e dung dch sau mot thi gian thay dung dch sau ien phan lam phenolphtalein chuyen sang
mau hong.Th ieu kien cua a va b la,biet ion SO42-
khong ien phan trong dung dch
A)a 2b C)a = 2b D)b >2a
Cau 86:ien phan het 0,1mol Cu(NO)3 trong dung dch vi ien cc tr, th sau ien phan khoi
lng dung dch a giam la:
A)3,6g B)8,52g C)8,4g D)8,0g.
Cau 87:ien phan 100 ml dung dch A cha ong thi HCl 0,1M va NaCl 0,2 M vi ien cc tr co
mang ngan xop ti khi anot thoat ra 0,224 lt kh ( ktc) th ngng ien phan.dung dch sau khi
ien phan co pH la ( Coi the tch dung dch thay oi khong ang ke)
A)pH = 12,3 B)pH = 13 C)pH = 10,5 D)pH = 13,5
Cau 88: Co 200 ml dung dch X cha AgNO3 va Cu(NO3)2 .e ien phan het ion kim loai trong dung
dch can dung dong ien 0,402 A ; thi gian 4 gi,tren catot thoat ra 3,44g kim loai.Nong o mol cua
AgNO3 va Cu(NO3)2 trong X lan lt la:
A) 0,1 va 0,1 B) 0,3 va 0,3 C) 0,2 va 0,2 D) 0,2 va 0,4
Cau 89:Tien hanh ien phan (co mang ngan,ien cc tr)500ml dung dch cha hon hp HCl 0,02M
va NaCl 0,2 M.Sau khi anot bay ra 0,448 lt kh ( ktc) th ngng ien phan.The tch dung dch
HNO3 0,1M can dunge trung hoa dung dch sau ien phan la :
A)200ml B)300ml C) 250ml D)400ml.
Cau 90: Khi in phn NaCl nng chy (in cc tr), ti catt xy ra
A. s kh ion C-. B. s oxi ha ion Cl-. C. s oxi ha ion Na+. D. s kh ion Na+. Cu 91: Mt pin in ha c in cc Zn nhng trong dung dch ZnSO4 v in cc Cu nhng trong dung dch CuSO4. Sau mt thi gian pin phng in th khi lng A. c hai in cc Zn v Cu u tng B. in cc Zn gim cn khi lng in cc Cu tng. C. in cc Zn tng cn khi lng in cc Cu gim. D. c hai in cc Zn v Cu u gim Cu 92: X l kim loi phn ng c vi dung dch H2SO4 long, Y l kim loi tc dng c vi dung dch Fe(NO3)3. Hai kim loi X, Y ln lt l (bit th t trong dy th in ha: Fe
3+/Fe
2+ ng trc
Ag+/Ag)
A. Fe, Cu. B. Cu, Fe. C. Ag, Mg. D. Mg, Ag.
Cu 93: Bit rng ion Pb2+ trong dung dch oxi ha c Sn. Khi nhng hai thanh kim loi Pb v Sn c ni vi nhau bng dy dn in vo mt dung dch cht in li th A. c Pb v Sn u b n mn in ha B. c Pb v Sn u khng b n mn in ha C. ch c Pb b n mn in ha D. ch c Sn b n mn in ha Cu 94 : Cp cht khng xy ra phn ng ho hc l A. Fe + dung dch FeCl3 B. Fe + dung dch HCl C. Cu + dung dch FeCl3 D. Cu + dung dch FeCl2
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HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
Cau 95:ien phan nong chay muoi cua mot kim loai kiem thu c 0,896 lt kh ( ktc) anot va
1,84g kim loai catot.Cong thc hoa hoc cua muoi la:
A)LiCl B)NaCl C)KCl D)RbCl.
Cau 96:Trong qua trnh ien phan, nhng ion am(anion) di chuyen ve :
A)Anot, ay chung b kh B)Anot, ay chung b oxi hoa
C)Catot, ay chung b kh D)Catot, ay chung b oxi hoa.
Cau 97:Trong qua trnh ien phan dung dch AgNO3 (cac ien cc tr), cc am xay ra phan ng nao
sau ay?
A)Ag eAg 1 B) AgeAg 1
C) eOHOH 442 22
D) OHHeOH 222 22
Cau 98:Trong qua trnh ien phan dung dch CuSO4 (cac ien cc tr), anot xay ra phan ng:
A)Oxi hoa ion SO42-
B)Kh ion SO42-
C)kh phan t nc D)oxi hoa phan t nc
Cau 99:ien phan dung dch CuCl2 vi ien cc lam bang graphit.Sau 16 phut ien phan vi cng
o khong oi ,ngi ta ngng ien phan va tach toan bo kim loai va ien phan c ra khoi ien
cc,lam kho can c 0.544g.Cng o dong ien va the tch kh thu c ( ktc) la:
A)1,709A va 0,224 lt B)1,709 A,va 0,1904 lt C)2 A va 2,24 lt D)1 A va 3,36lt
Cau 100:ien phan nong chay mot muoi cua kim loai M vi cng o dong ien la 10 A, thi gian
ien phan la 80 phut 25 giay, thu c 0,25 mol kim loai M catot.So oxi hoa cua M trong muoi la:
A)+1 B)+2 C)+3 D)+4
Cu 101: Cho cc hp kim sau: Cu-Fe (I); Zn Fe (II); Fe-C (III); Sn-Fe (IV). Khi tip xc vi dung dch cht in li th cc hp kim m trong Fe u b n mn trc l: A. I, II v III. B. I, II v IV. C. I, III v IV. D. II, III v IV.Cu
Cu 102: Cho bit th t t tri sang phi ca cc cp oxi ho - kh trong dy in ho (dy th in cc chun) nh sau: Zn2+/Zn; Fe2+/Fe; Cu2+/Cu; Fe3+ /Fe2+; Ag+/Ag. Cc kim loi v ion u phn ng c vi ion Fe2+ trong dung dch l: A. Zn, Ag
+. B. Ag, Cu
2+. C. Ag, Fe
3+. D. Zn, Cu
2+.
Cu 104: Cho bit:
VE MgMg 37,2/0
2 ; VE ZnZn 76,0/0
2 ; VE PbPb 13,0/0
2 ; VE CuCu 34,0/0
2
Pin in ho c sut in ng chun bng 1,61V c cu to bi hai cp oxi ho - kh A. Zn
2+/Zn v Pb
2+/Pb. B. Zn
2+/Zn v Cu
2+/Cu.
C. Pb2+/
Pb va Cu2+
/Cu. D. Mg2+
/Mg va Zn2+
/Zn.
Cu 105: in phn dung dch CuSO4 vi anot bng ng (anot tan) v in phn dung dch CuSO4 vi anot bng graphit (in cc tr) u c c im chung l A. catot xy ra s kh: Cu2+ + 2e Cu. B. catot xy ra s oxi ho: 2H2O + 2e 2OH
+ H2.
C. anot xy ra s kh: 2H2O O2 + 4H+ + 4e.
D. anot xy ra s oxi ho: Cu Cu2+ + 2e. Cu 106: in phn (vi in cc tr) mt dung dch gm NaCl v CuSO4 c cng s mol, n khi catot xut hin bt kh th dng in phn. Trong c qu trnh in phn trn, sn phm thu c anot l
A. kh Cl2 v O2. B. ch c kh Cl2. C. kh Cl2 v H2. D. kh H2 v O2 Cu 107: Phn ng in phn dung dch CuCl2 (vi in cc tr) v phn ng n mn in ho xy ra khi nhng hp kim Zn-Cu vo dung dch HCl c c im l: A. Phn ng cc dng u l s oxi ho Cl. B. Phn ng cc m c s tham gia ca kim loi hoc ion kim loi. C. u sinh ra Cu cc m. D. Phn ng xy ra lun km theo s pht sinh dng in. Cu 108: in phn (in cc tr) dung dch X cha 0,2 mol CuSO4 v 0,12 mol NaCl bng dng in c cng 2A. Th tch kh (ktc) thot ra anot sau 9650 giy in phn l
A. 1,344 lt. B. 1,792 lt. C. 2,912 lt. D. 2,240 lt.
-
HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
Cu 109 Khi in phn cc dung dch: NaCl, KNO3, AgNO3, CuSO4 vi in cc tr, mng ngn xp. Dung dch c pH tng trong qu trnh in phn l: A. NaCl B. KNO3 C. AgNO3 D. CuSO4
Cu 110: in phn dung dch cha a mol CuSO4 v b mol NaCl ( vi in cc tr, c mng ngn xp). dung dch sau in phn lm phenolphtalein chuyn sang mu hng th iu kin ca a v b l:
A. b = 2a B. 2b = a C. b > 2a D. b < 2a
Cu 113: in phn 100ml dung dch CuSO4 0.2M vi cng I = 9.65 A.Tnh khi lng Cu bm bn catot khi thi gian in phn t1 = 200s v t2 = 500s (vi hiu sut l 100%). A. 0.32g ; 0.64g B. 0.64g ; 1.28g C. 0.64g ; 1.32g D. 0.32g ; 1.28g
Cu 114.(Trch i hc khi B-2010): in phn (vi in cc tr) 200 ml dung dch CuSO4 nng x mol/l, sau mt thi gian thu c dung dch Y vn cn mu xanh, c khi lng gim 8g so vi dung dch ban u. Cho 16,8g bt Fe vo Y, sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 12,4g kim loi. Gi tr x l A. 2,25 B. 1,5 C. 1,25 D. 3,25 Cu 115. Ha tan 4,5 gam tinh th MSO4.5H2O vo nc c dung dch X. in phn dung dch X vi in cc tr v cng dng in 1,93A. Nu thi gian in phn l t (s) th thu c kim loi M catot v 156,8 ml kh ti anot. Nu thi gian in phn l 2t (s) th thu c 537,6 ml kh . Bit th tch cc kh o ktc. Kim loi M v thi gian t ln lt l: A. Ni v 1400 s B. Cu v 2800 s C. Ni v 2800 s D. Cu v 1400 s
Cu 116. (Trch i hc khi A-2007): in phn dung dch CuCl2 vi in cc tr, sau mt thi gian thu c 0,32 gam Cu catt v mt lng kh X ant. Hp th hon ton lng kh X trn vo 200 ml dung dch NaOH ( nhit thng). Sau phn ng, nng NaOH cn li l 0,05M (gi thit th tch dung dch khng thay i). Nng ban u ca dung dch NaOH l (cho Cu = 64) A. 0,15M. B. 0,2M. C. 0,1M. D. 0,05M.
Cu 11.7. in phn dung dch NaCl (d=1,2g/ml) ch thu c mt cht kh in cc. C cn dung dch sau in phn, cn li 125g cn kh. Nhit phn cn ny thy gim 8g. Hiu sut ca qu trnh in phn l:A. 25% B. 30% C. 50% D.60%
Cu 118: in phn 2 lt dung dch hn hp gm NaCl v CuSO4 n khi H2O b in phn hai cc th dng li, ti catt thu 1.28 gam kim loi v ant thu 0.336 lt kh ( iu kin chun). Coi th tch dung dch khng i th pH ca dung dch thu c bng A. 2 B. 13 C. 12 D. 3
Cu 119: in phn 200 ml dung dch hn hp AgNO3 0,1 M v Cu(NO3)2 0,2 M vi in cc tr v cng dng in bng 5A. Sau 19 pht 18 giy dng in phn, ly catot sy kh thy tng m gam. Gi tr ca m l: A. 5,16 gam B. 1,72 gam C. 2,58 gam D. 3,44 gam Cu 120. C hai bnh in phn mc ni tip nhau. Bnh 1 cha dung dch CuCl2, bnh 2 cha dung dch AgNO3. Tin hnh in phn in cc tr, kt thc in phn thy trn catot bnh 1 tng 1,6 gam. Khi lng catot bnh 2 tng:A. 2,52 gam B. 3,24 gam C. 5,40 gam D. 10,8 gam Cu 121. Mc ni tip 3 bnh in phn A, B, C ng 3 dung dch tng ng CuCl2, XSO4, v Ag2SO4 ri tin hnh in phn vi in cc tr cng dng in l 5A. Sau thi gian in phn t thy khi lng kim loi thot ra ti catot bnh A t hn bnh C l 0,76g, v catot bnh C nhiu hn catot bnh B v bnh A l 0,485g. Khi lng nguyn t X v thi gian t l: A. 55 v 193s B.30 v133s C. 28 v 193s D. 55 v 965s
Cu 122: . in phn dung dch hn hp cha 0,15 mol FeCl3; 0,3 mol CuCl2; 0,1mol NaCl n khi catot bt u si bt kh th ngng in phn. Ti thi im ny, catot tng: A. 27,6 gam B. 8,4 gam C. 19,2 gam D. 29,9 gam
Cu 123: Ho tan a mol Fe3O4 bng dung dch H2SO4 va , thu c dung dch X. in phn X vi 2 in cc tr bng dng in cng 9,65A. Sau 1000 giy th kt thc in phn v khi trn catot bt u thot ra bt kh. Gi tr ca a l A. 0,025. B. 0,050. C. 0,0125. D. 0,075. Cu 124: in phn mui clorua nng chy ca kim loi kim R thu c 0,896 lt kh (ktc) anot v 3,12 gam kim loi R catot. R l:
A. Li B. Na C. K D. Rb Cu 125: in phn nng chy Al2O3 trong 24 gi, vi cng dng in 100000A, hiu sut qu trnh in phn 90% s thu c lng Al l:
A. 0,201 tn B. 0,603 tn C. 0,725 tn D. 0,895 tn Cu 126: in phn (vi in cc tr) dung dch NaOH a% vi cng dng in 19,3A, sau 60 pht thu c 100 gam dung dch X c nng 24%. Gi tr a l:
-
HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
A. 22,54 B. 24 C. 25,66 D. 21,246 Cu 127: in phn 500 ml dung dch NaCl 1M (vi in cc tr, mng ngn xp) cho ti khi catot thot ra 0,56 lt kh X (ktc) th ngng in phn. Nu coi th tch dung dch sau in phn khng thay i so vi ban u th gi tr pH ca dung dch ny l:
A. 7 B. 10 C. 12 D. 13 Cu 128: in phn 0,5 lt dung dch AgNO3 aM, vi I = 2A, sau t giy thy khi lng cactot thay i 2,16 gam, thu c dung dch X (khng to c kt ta vi dung dch NaCl) v gii phng V (ml) kh (ktc) anot. Gi tr a, t, V ln lt l:
A. 0,04; 965; 112 C. 0,04; 1930; 125,7 B. 0,04; 1158; 112 D. 0,02; 965; 168
Cu 129: Tin hnh in phn hon ton 1 lt dung dch X cha Cu(NO3)2 a(M) v AgNO3 b(M) thy khi lng catot tng 16,8 gam v gii phng 1,344 lt kh (ktc) bn anot. Gi tr a v b ln lt l:
A. 0,04 v 0,08 B. 0,05 v 0,1 C. 0,06 v 0,12 D. 0,08 v 0,12 Cu 130: in phn (vi in cc tr, cng dng in 20A) 300ml dung dch CuSO4 0,05M; sau 193 giy thu c V (ml) kh Y (ktc). Gi tr ca V l:
A. 448 B. 336 C. 224 D. 168 Cu 131: in phn vi bnh in phn c mng ngn v in cc tr 1 dung dch c cha 23,4 gam NaCl v 27 gam CuCl2 ha tan. Sau 120 pht in phn (vi cng dng in 5,1A) th ngng in phn, ly dung dch sau in phn tc dng vi V (ml) dung dch HCl 1,2M th trung ha va . Gi tr V l
A. 150 B. 240 C. 300 D. 360 Cu 132: in phn 100 ml dung dch X cha (Na2SO4, CuSO4, H2SO4) pH = 1, vi in cc tr, Sau mt thi gian in phn, ly in cc ra khi dung dch, thy khi lng dung dch gim 0,64 gam v dung dch c mu xanh nht, th tch coi nh khng i. Nng mol ion H+ c trong dung dch sau in phn l:
A. 0,016 B. 0,026 C. 0,01 D. 0,02 Cu 133: Cho 2 bnh in phn mc ni tip. Bnh in phn 1 ha tan 0,3725 gam RCl (R l kim loi kim) trong nc. Bnh in phn 2 cha dung dch CuSO4. Sau mt thi gian in phn thy catot bnh in phn 2 c 0,16 gam kim loi bm vo, cn bnh in phn 1 thy cha V (lt) dung dch mt cht tan pH = 13. Gi tr V
A. 0,05 B. 0,075 C. 0,1 D. 0,01 Cu 134: Mc ni tip 2 bnh in phn. Bnh in phn 1 cha dung dch mui clorua ca kim loi R ha tr II, bnh in phn 2 cha dung dch AgNO3. Sau 3 pht 13 giy in phn th catot bnh in phn 1 thu c 1,6 gam kim loi; cn catot bnh in phn 2 thu c 5,4 gam kim loi. Bit sau in phn trong mi bnh vn cn dung dch mui. Kim loi R l:
A. Mg B. Zn C. Ni D. Cu IN PHN TRONG THI CC NM Cu 135: (C 2007) Trong cng nghip, natri hiroxit c sn xut bng phng php A. in phn dung dch NaNO3, khng c mng ngn in cc. B. in phn dung dch NaCl, c mng ngn in cc. C. in phn dung dch NaCl, khng c mng ngn in cc. D. in phn NaCl nng chy. Cu 136: (C 2007) Hai kim loi c th c iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch l
A. Mg v Zn. B. Na v Fe. C. Al v Mg. D. Cu v Ag Cu 137: (C 2010) in phn dung dch CuSO4 vi anot bng ng (anot tan) v in phn dung dch CuSO4 vi anot bng graphit (in cc tr) u c c im chung l
A. catot xy ra s oxi ho: 2H2O + 2e 2OH + H2.
B. anot xy ra s kh: 2H2O O2 + 4H+ + 4e. C. anot xy ra s oxi ho: Cu2+ + 2e. Cu
D. catot xy ra s kh: Cu2+ + 2e Cu. Cu 138: (C 2011) in phn 500 ml dung dch CuSO4 O,2M (in cc tr) cho n khi catot thu c 3,2 gam kim loi th th tch kh (ktc) thu c anot l: A. 3,36 lt B. 1,12 lt C. 0,56 lt D. 2,24 lt
Cu 139: (C 2012) Tin hnh in phn (vi in cc tr) V lt dung dch CuCl2 0,5M. Khi dng in phn thu c dung dch X v 1,68 lt kh Cl2 (ktc) duy nht anot. Ton b dung dch X tc dng va vi 12,6 gam Fe. Gi tr ca V l
-
HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
A. 0,60. B. 0,15. C. 0,45. D. 0,80.
Cu 140: (HKA 2007)in phn dung dch CuCl2 vi in cc tr, sau mt thi gian thu c 0,32 gam Cu catt v mt lng kh X ant. Hp th hon ton lng kh X trn vo 200 ml dung dch NaOH ( nhit thng). Sau phn ng, nng NaOH cn li l 0,05M (gi thit th tch dung dch khng thay i). Nng ban u ca dung dch NaOH l (cho Cu = 64)
A. 0,15M. B. 0,2M. C. 0,1M. D. 0,05M. Cu 141: (HKA 2008)Khi in phn NaCl nng chy (in cc tr), ti catt xy ra
A. s kh ion Cl-. B. s oxi ho ion Cl-. C. s oxi ho ion Na+. D. s kh ion Na+. Cu 8:( HKA 2009) Dy cc kim loi u c th c iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch mui ca chng l:
A. Fe, Cu, Ag. B. Mg, Zn, Cu. C. Al, Fe, Cr. D. Ba, Ag, Au. Cu 142: (HKA 2010) Phn ng in phn dung dch CuCl2 (vi in cc tr) v phn ng n mn in ho xy ra khi nhng hp kim Zn-Cu vo dung dch HCl c c im l:
A. Phn ng cc m c s tham gia ca kim loi hoc ion kim loi. B. Phn ng xy ra lun km theo s pht sinh dng in. C. u sinh ra Cu cc m.
D. Phn ng cc dng u l s oxi ho Cl.
Cu 143: (HKA 2010) in phn (vi in cc tr) mt dung dch gm NaCl v CuSO4 c cng s mol, n khi catot xut hin bt kh th dng in phn. Trong c qu trnh in phn trn, sn phm thu c anot l
A. kh Cl2 v H2. B. kh Cl2 v O2. C. kh H2 v O2. D. ch c kh Cl2.
Cu 144: (HKA 2010) in phn (in cc tr) dung dch X cha 0,2 mol CuSO4 v 0,12 mol NaCl bng dng in c cng 2A. Th tch kh (ktc) thot ra anot sau 9650 giy in phn l
A. 1,792 lt. B. 2,240 lt. C. 2,912 lt. D. 1,344 lt.
Cu 145: (HKA 2011) in phn dung dch gm 7,45 gam KCl v 28,2 gam Cu(NO3)2
(in cc tr,
mng ngn xp) n khi khi lng dung dch gim i 10,75 gam th ngng in phn (gi thit lng nc bay hi khng ng k). Tt c cc cht tan trong dung dch sau in phn l
A. KNO3, HNO
3 v Cu(NO
3)2. B. KNO
3, KCl v KOH.
C. KNO3
v Cu(NO3)2. D. KNO
3 v KOH.
Cu 146: (HKA 2011) Ho tan 13,68 gam mui MSO4
vo nc c dung dch X. in phn X (vi
in cc tr, cng dng in khng i) trong thi gian t giy, c y gam kim loi M duy nht catot v 0,035 mol kh anot. Cn nu thi gian in phn l 2t giy th tng s mol kh thu c c hai in cc l 0,1245 mol. Gi tr ca y l
A. 4,788. B. 4,480. C. 1,680. D. 3,920.
Cu 147: (HKA 2011) Khi in phn dung dch NaCl (cc m bng st, cc dng bng than ch, c mng ngn xp) th: A. cc m xy ra qu trnh oxi ho H
2O v cc dng xy ra qu trnh kh ion Cl.
B. cc dng xy ra qu trnh oxi ho ion Na+
v cc m xy ra qu trnh kh ion Cl . C. cc m xy ra qu trnh kh H
2O v cc dng xy ra qu trnh oxi ho ion Cl.
D. cc m xy ra qu trnh kh ion Na+
v cc dng xy ra qu trnh oxi ho ion Cl. Cu 148: (HKA 2012) in phn 150 ml dung dch AgNO3 1M vi in cc tr trong t gi, cng dng in khng i 2,68A (hiu sut qu trnh in phn l 100%), thu c cht rn X, dung dch Y v kh Z. Cho 12,6 gam Fe vo Y, sau khi cc phn ng kt thc thu c 14,5 gam hn hp kim loi v kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht ca N+5). Gi tr ca t l A. 0.8. B. 0,3. C. 1,0. D. 1,2.
Cu 149: (HKA 2012) Dy cc kim loi u c th c iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch mui (vi in cc tr) l: A. Ni, Cu, Ag. B. Li, Ag, Sn. C. Ca, Zn, Cu. D. Al, Fe, Cr.
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HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
Cu 150: (HKB 2007) in phn dung dch cha a mol CuSO4 v b mol NaCl (vi in cc tr, c mng ngn xp). dung dch sau in phn lm phenolphtalein chuyn sang mu hng th iu kin ca a v b l (bit ion SO4
2- khng b in phn trong dung dch)
A. b > 2a. B. b = 2a. C. b < 2a. D. 2b = a.
Cu 151: (HKB 2009) in phn c mng ngn 500 ml dung dch cha hn hp gm CuCl2 0,1M v NaCl 0,5M (in cc tr, hiu sut in phn 100%) vi cng dng in 5A trong 3860 giy. Dung dch thu c sau in phn c kh nng ho tan m gam Al. Gi tr ln nht ca m l
A. 4,05. B. 2,70. C. 1,35. D. 5,40.
Cu 152: (HKB 2009) in phn nng chy Al2O3 vi anot than ch (hiu sut in phn 100%) thu c m kg Al catot v 67,2 m3 ( ktc) hn hp kh X c t khi so vi hiro bng 16. Ly 2,24 lt ( ktc) hn hp kh X sc vo dung dch nc vi trong (d) thu c 2 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 108,0. B. 75,6. C. 54,0. D. 67,5.
Cu 153: (HKB 2010) in phn (vi in cc tr) 200 ml dung dch CuSO4
nng x mol/l, sau
mt thi gian thu c dung dch Y vn cn mu xanh, c khi lng gim 8 gam so vi dung dch ban u. Cho 16,8 gam bt st vo Y, sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 12,4 gam kim loi. Gi tr ca x l
A. 1,50. B. 3,25. C. 2,25. D. 1,25.
Cu 154: in phn dung dch cha NaCl v HCl c thm vi git qu. Mu ca dung dch s bin i nh th no trong qu trnh in phn A. sang tm B. sang tm ri sang xanh C. sang xanh D.Ch mt mu
Cu 155.in phn dung dch NaOH 10-2M v Na2SO4 10-2M .Tnh pH dung dch sau khi in phn. Gi s th
tch dung dch thay i khng ng k A.pH =2 B.pH =8 C.pH=12 D.pH=10
Cu 156: Cho 4 dung dch mui :CuSO4,ZnCl2,NaCl,KNO3.khi in phn 4 dung dch trn vi in cc tr, dung dch no s cho ta 1 dung dch baz? A.CuSO4B.ZnCl2C.NaCl D.KNO3
Cu 157: in phn 100ml dung dch cha AgNO3 0,1M v Cu(NO3)2 0,1M vi cng dng in I= 1,93A. Tnh thi gian in phn (vi hiu sut l 100%) 1/ kt ta ht Ag (t1) 2/ kt ta ht Ag v Cu (t2) A.t1 =500s, t2 =1000s B.t1 =1000s, t2 =1500s C.t1 =500s, t2 =1200s D.t1 =500s, t2 =1500s
Cu 158: .in phn 100 ml dung dch CuSO4 0,1M cho n khi v bt u si bt bn catot th ngng in phn.Tnh pH dung dch ngay khi y vi hiu sut l 100%.Th tch dung dch c xem nh khng i. A.pH=1,0 B.pH=0,7 C.pH=2,0 D.pH=1,3
Cu 159: .in phn 100 ml dung dch cha NaCl vi in cc tr,c mng ngn, cng dng in I=1,93 A.Tnh thi gian in phn c dung dch pH=12,th tch dung dch c xem nh khng i,hiu sut in l 100%.
A.100s B.50s C.150s D.200s
Cu 160: .in phn 100 ml dung dch CuSO4 0,2 M v AgNO3 0,1 M.vi cng dng in I=3,86 A.Tnh thi gian in phn c mt khi lng kim loi bm bn catot l 1,72g. A.250s B.1000s C.500s D.750s
Cu 161: in phn 500 ml dung dch CuSO4 vi cng dng in khng i th sau 600s,nc bt u b in phn c 2 in cc.nu thi gian in phn l 300s th khi lng Cu thu c bn catot l 3,2g.tnh nng mol ca CuSO4 trong dung dch banu v cng dng in. A.0,1M;16,08A B.0,25M;16,08A C.0,20 M;32,17A D.0,12M;32,17A
Cu 162: in phn 100ml dung dch CuCl2 0,08M.Co dung dch thu c sau khi in phn tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 d th thu c 0,861g kt ta.Tnh khi lng Cu bm bn catot v th tch thu c bn anot. A.0,16g Cu;0,056 l Cl2B.0,64g Cu;0,112l Cl2 C.0,32g Cu;0,112l Cl2D.0,64g Cu;0,224 l Cl2
Cu 163: Cho mt dng in c cng I khong i i qua 2 bnh in phn mc ni tip,bnh 1 cha 100ml dung dch CuSO4 0,01M, bnh 2 cha 100 ml dung dch AgNO3 0,01M.Bit rng sau thi gian in phn 500s th bn bnh 2 xut hin kh bn catot,tnh cng I v khi lng Cu bm bn catot cu bnh 1 v th tch kh(ktc) xut hin bn anot ca bnh 1. A.0,193A;0,032g Cu;5,6 ml O2 B.0,193A;0,032g Cu;11,2 ml O2
C.0,386A;0,64g Cu;22,4 ml O2 D.0,193A;0,032g Cu;22,4 ml O2
Cu 164: .in phn 100 ml dung dch CuSO4 0,1M v AgNO3 0,2M vi in cc tr.Sau khi ngng in phn thu c dung dch A cha 2 ion kim loi.Thm NaOH d vo dung dch A c kt ta.em nung kt ta
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HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
ny ngoi khng kh n khi lng khng i c mt cht rn nng 1,48g.Tnh th tch kh thu c bn anot(ktc). A.22,4ml B.56ml C.33,6ml D.11,2ml
Cu 165: .in phn 100 ml dung dch CuSO4 0,12M thu c 0,384g Cu bn catot lc t1= 200s; nu tip tc in phn vi cng I2 bng 2 ln cng I1 ca giai an trn th phi tip tc in phn trong bao lu bt u si bt bn catot ? A.150s B.200s C.180s D.100s
Cu 166: .in phn vi 2 bnh mc ni tip. Bnh 1 cha 100 ml dung dch CuSO4 0,1M, bnh 2 cha 100 ml dung dch NaCl 0,1M. Ngng in phn khi dung dch thu oc trong 2 bnh c pH =13. Tnh nng mol ca Cu
2+ cn li trong bnh 1, th tch dung dch c xem nh khng i
A.0,05M B.0,04M C.0,08M D.0,10M
Cu 167: in phn 2 lt dung dch CuSO4 vi in cc tr v dng in mt chiu c cng I=10A cho n khi catot bt u c kh thot ra th ngng thy phi mt 32 pht 10 giy. Nng mol CuSO4 ban u v pH dung dch sau phn ng l bao nhiu?(Cu=64;Ag=108;S=32;N=14;O=16)
A. [Ag(NO3)]=0,5M, pH=1 B. [Ag(NO3)]=0,05M, pH=10
C. [Ag(NO3)]=0,005M, pH=1 D. [Ag(NO3)]=0,05M, pH=1
Cu 168: in phn c mng ngn in cc tr 100ml dd MgCl2 0,15M vi cng dng in 0,1A trong 9650 giy. Tnh nng mol cc ion trong dung dch sau in phn bit th tch dung dch thay i khng ng k.
A. [Mg2+
]=0,01M, [Cl-]=0,02M B. [Mg
2+]=0,1M, [Cl
-]=0,2M
C. [Mg2+
]=0,001M, [Cl-]=0,02M D. [Mg
2+]=0,01M, [Cl
-]=0,2M
Cu 169: in phn dung dch CuCl2 vi in tr, sau mt thi gian thu dc 0,32gam Cu catot v mt lng kh X anot. Hp th hon ton lng kh X trn vo 200 ml dung dch NaOH ( nhit thng). Sau phn ng nng NaOH cn li l 0,05M (gi thit th tch dung dch khng thay i). Nng ban u ca dung dch NaOH l?(Cu=64)
A. 0,15M B. 0,2M C. 0,1M D. 0,05M
(Cu 27 TTS i hc khi A nm 2007) Cu 170: in phn dung dch cha a mol CuSO4 v b mol NaCl (vi in cc tr c mng ngn xp). dung dch sau in phn lm dung dch phenolphtalein chuyn sang mu hng th iu kin ca a v b l(bit ion SO4
2- khng b in phn trong dung dch)?
A. b>2a B. b=2a C. b
-
HA LTH CHUYN IN PHN
A. Flo =19 B. Clo=35,5 C. Brom=80 D. Iot=127
Cu 177: in phn nng chy a gam mt mui X to bi kim loi M v mt halogen thu c 0,224 lt kh nguyn cht (ktc). Cng a gam X trn nu ha tan vo 100 ml dd HCl 0,5M ri cho tc dng vi AgNO3 d th thu c 10,935 gam kt ta .tn ca halogen l:
A. Flo =19 B. Clo=35,5 C. Brom=80 D. Iot=127
Cu 178: Tin hnh in phn 150ml dung dch CuSO4 1M vi hai in cc tr, sau mt thi gian, khi ngng in phn thy khi lng dd gim 8 gam. S mol CuSO4 cn d sau phn ng l :
A. 0,05mol B. 0,1 mol C. 0,09 mol D. 0,07 mol
Cu 179: in phn c mng ngn hai in cc tr 100ml dung dch hn hp CuSO4 0,1 M v NaCl 0,1 M vi I = 0,5 A, sau mt thi gian thu c dd c pH = 2( th tch dung dch khng i). Thi gian in phn l: A. 193s B. 1930s C. 2123s D. 1727s
Cu 180: in phn c mng ngn hai in cc tr 2 Lt dung dch cha 0,2 mol CuCl2 v 0,4 mol BaCl2 n khi c dd c pH= 13 th ngng in phn. Xem th tch dd khng i. Tnh th tch kh ln lt thot ra catot v anot?
A. 6,72 v 2,24 lt B. 2,24 v 6,72 lt C. 4,48 v 2,24 lt D. 2,24 v 4,48 lt
Cu 181: Tin hnh in phn c mng ngn, hai in cc tr 500ml dd hn hp HCl 0,02M v NaCl 0,2 M. Sau khi anot thot ra 0,448 lt kh ( ktc) th ngng in phn. Gi s th tch dung dch khng i, pH ca dd sau in phn l:
A. 1,7 B. 1,22 C. 12,78 D. 12,3
Cu 182: Khi in phn NaCl nng chy (incc tr), ti catt xy ra (DHKA 08)
A. s kh ion Na+
. B. s kh ion Cl-. C. s oxi ho ion Cl
-. D. s oxi ho ion Na
+.
Cu 183: in phn (vi in cc tr) 200 ml dung dch CuSO4 nng x mol/l, sau mt thi gian thu
c dung dch Y vn cn mu xanh, c khi lng gim 8 gam so vi dung dch ban u. Cho 16,8 gam bt st vo Y, sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 12,4 gam kim loi. Gi tr ca x l A. 2,25. B 1,50. C. 1,25. D. 3,25. (DHKB 2010)
Cu 184: C 4 dung dch ring bit: A (HCl), B (CuCl2), C (FeCl3), D (HCl c ln CuCl2). Nhng vo mi dung dch mt thanh st nguyn cht. S trng hp n mn in ho l
A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 0.
Cu 185: in phnmt dung dch gm NaCl v CuSO4 c cng s mol n khi catot xut hin bt kh th dng in phn . Trong c qu trnh in phn trn sn phm thu c catot l ?
xA: kh Cl2 v O2 B : H2 v O2 C : Cl2 D : Cl2 v H2
Cu 186: in phn dung dch X 0,2 mol CuSO4 ; 0,12 mol NaCl vi I = 2A . Th tch kh (ktc) thot ra anot sau 9650 s l :
A : 2,24 lit B : 2,912 lit xC : 1,792 lit D : 1,344 lit
Cu 187: in phn dung dch AgNO3 (vi in cc tr). Nu dung dch sau khi in phn c pH = 1, hiu sut in phn l 80 %, th tch ca dung dch c coi nh khng i (100ml) th nng AgNO3 trong dung dch ban u l
A. 0,08. B. 0,1. C. 0,325. D. 0,125.
Dng cho cu 35, 36: in phn 200ml dung dch X gm NiCl2 0,1M; CuSO4 0,05M v KCl 0,3M vi cng dng in 3A trong thi gian 1930 giy vi in cc tr, c mng ngn v hiu sut in phn l 100%. Th tch dung dch coi nh khng i.
Cu 188: Tng nng mol/lt ca cc cht trong dung dch thu c sau in phn l
A. 0,2M. B. 0,25M. C. 0,3M. D. 0,35M.
Cu 189: Khi lng kim loi thot ra trn catt l
A. 0,64 gam. B. 1,23 gam. C. 1,82 gam. D. 1,50 gam.
Cu 190: in phn 200ml dung dch Y gm KCl 0,1M v Cu(NO3)2 0,2M vi cng dng in 5A trong thi gian 1158 giy, in cc tr, mng ngn xp. Gi s nc bay hi khng ng k. gim khi lng ca dung dch sau khi in phn l
A. 3,59 gam. B. 2,31 gam. C. 1,67 gam. D. 2,95 gam.
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