diamond line tm type 3 seriesamplifiers

Reference & Installation Manual

Diamond LineType 3 Series Amplifiers

TM

Part Number: 2242002 Rev. B 03/04

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2244002

Diamond™Line 3Series Amplifiers

Reference and Installation Manual

Rev. B, Rel. 03/04

ii 2244002 Rev B Diamond Line Amplifiers

Diamond and Power Doubling are trademarks of C-COR.net Corporation.

This manual is produced and copyrighted by C-COR. Any use or reproduction of the contents of this manual without the prior written consent of C-COR is strictly prohibited.

C-COR’s products are reviewed for applicability to various domestic and international regulatory requirements, including but not limited to: USA Federal Communications Commission (FCC), European CENELEC (CE), and various other product safety standards. Applicable standards are routinely defined and tested against to demonstrate product conformance as required by the associated agencies.

Specifically, the equipment documented in this manual conforms with the following CENELEC directives:

• the Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC, as amended by Council Directive 93/68/EEC, and

• the Electromagnetic Directive (EMC) 89/336/EEC, as amended by 92/31/EEC.

Additional compliance testing will be accomplished, as required, to support the introduction of future product variants or modifications.

Diamond Line 3 Amplifiers 2244002 Rev B iii

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IntroductionPage 1

This chapter describes this manual and tells what to do if you have questions.

Diamond Line Amplifier Overview This chapter describes basic features and benefits of the entire Diamond Line product family.

Diamond Line 3 Single Output AmplifiersPage 7

This chapter describes the Diamond Line 3A, 3T, and 3M modules in detail.

Diamond Line 3 Dual Output AmplifierPage 25

This chapter describes the Diamond Line 3D module in detail.

9-NH Series Amplifier HousingPage 43

This chapter describes the 9-NH series housing in detail.

Installing a Diamond Line Series Amplifier5

This chapter tells how to install a Diamond Line series amplifier in the field.

Setting up the Forward CascadePage 69

This chapter tells how to adjust operating levels for a forward cascade of Diamond Line series amplifiers.

Setting up the RF Return SystemPage 83

This chapter tells how to set up the RF return system for Diamond Line series amplifiers.

Checking the Forward Sweep ResponsePage 99

This chapter tells how to check the system sweep response, installing EDB series response equalizers (debumpers) as needed.

TroubleshootingPage 109

This chapter tells how to troubleshoot problems with a Diamond Line series amplifier.

AppendixPage 119

The appendix includes extra information about Diamond Line series amplifiers.

IndexPage 137

Contents of This Manual

iv 2244002 Rev B Diamond Line 3 Amplifiers

Diamond Line 3 Amplifiers Reference and Installation Manual

Introduction 2244002 Rev B 1

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Introduction

About This Manual

This manual begins with “reference,” or descriptive, chapters on the Diamond Line 3 amplifiers and the 9-NH series housing. The subsequent chapters are procedural, telling how to install these amplifiers in the field, how to set up a forward cascade, how to set up the RF return system, how to check the system sweep response, and how to troubleshoot problems.

This manual assumes that users have some experience with cable technologies and procedures. The documented procedures focus on what’s especially important for the Diamond Line series amplifier. While some safety precautions are reviewed here, this manual assumes that installers have been trained in safe practices. Users new to cable technologies and servicing procedures should not rely on this manual for comprehensive guidance.


2 2244002 Rev B Introduction

Contacting C-COR

Customer Service Contact Customer Service if your product has been damaged during shipping.

Phone800-233-2267

Technical Support Contact Technical Support for assistance with installed products.

Phone800-504-4443, option 3, or 203-630-5733

[email protected]

Repair Services Contact Repair Services to request a Return Material Authorization (RMA) if you need to return a product for repair. Please go to the C-COR website for Repair Services contact information.

Technical Training Contact Technical Training for inquiries concerning product training. Please be prepared to provide a list of equipment you would like training on.

Phone800-504-4443, option 5

[email protected]

Technical Publications C-COR Technical Publications welcomes your suggestions and assistance in identifying any errors, inaccuracies, or misleading information. Please reference the document number and page number(s) to which your feedback applies. You can also download a product manual (if currently available) from the C-COR website.

[email protected]


Introduction 2244002 Rev B 3

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Safety Symbols

To reduce the risk of injury and ensure the safe operation of the equipment, the following symbols may be placed in this manual.

DANGEROUS VOLTAGEA dangerous voltage exists in this area. Use extreme caution.

CAUTION: SENSITIVE ELECTRONIC DEVICESTo prevent ESD damage to electrostatic-sensitive components, make sure you are grounded using the wrist strap before touching circuit boards. Leave circuit boards in antistatic bags or boxes until needed. Also, avoid touching card components, since finger oils can contaminate them. Handle the cards by their edges.

ATTENTIONImportant instructions. This procedure should be performed only by qualified service personnel.

WARNINGWhen powered, optical transmitters generate invisible, high-energy laser beams. Even when the transmitter is not powered, laser beams may be present in the incoming cable. Although you can’t see them, these beams can cause tissue injury, including permanent eye damage. Whenever the optical cable is disconnected from the receiver or patch panel, avoid direct contact with the end of the cable. Be absolutely certain the optical equipment at both ends of the cable is off before performing any procedures.


4 2244002 Rev B Introduction


Overview, Diamond Line Amplifiers 2244002 Rev B 5

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Overview of Diamond Line Series Amplifiers

What is a Diamond Line Amplifier?

C-COR’s Diamond Line series amplifiers amplify and control forward RF signal, from an optical station or another amplifier, and process RF return signals. They come in three types:

Diamond Line series amplifier modules fit into either 9-NH or 9-BH series housings. For more information on 9-NH housings, see “9-NH Series Amplifier Housing,” starting on page 43. For more information on 9-BH housings, which allow a field technician to maintain an RF/AC through-path while a module is removed from a station, see the “9-BH15 Bypass Housing Installation Guide,” document number 2240001.

Figure 1. Diamond Line Amplifiers in a NetworkIn a broadband network, Diamond Line series amplifiers are located downstream of an optical station.

Diamond Line AmplifiersOptical Station

Transmitter

Headend Equipment

Receiver

Amplifier Description

Diamond Line 1 Amplifier

This trunk amplifier is similar in function to a C-COR TNA series trunk network amplifier. It has one low-level, high-performance RF output for trunk applications and two high-level outputs for distribution networks. Each secondary output has its own post-amplifier hybrid; the main output is coupled from the interstage hybrid.


This distribution amplifier is similar in function to a C-COR GNA series global network amplifier. It has two equal, or three unequal, high-level RF distribution outputs. It uses two post-amplifier hybrids, one for the main output and one for the secondary outputs. A plug-in output port selector lets you choose either or both secondary outputs.


This is a line extender, similar in function to a C-COR LE series line extender. It is available in single output and dual output models.


6 2244002 Rev B Overview, Diamond Line Amplifiers

Features and Benefits

Diamond Line series amplifiers offer these features and benefits:

Feature Benefit

Wide operating range 750 and 870 MHz amplifier models are available.“Plug and play” installation These amplifiers have no user-accessible potentiometers, and they offer

convenient access to plug-in circuits, so equipment setup is easy and consistent.

High-current capability Diamond Line amplifiers typically achieve 65 dB hum modulation while continuously passing 15 amps of current. They can withstand 25 amps of continuous power passing for two hours.

Plug-ins designed for convenience, protection, and performance

Field-accessible plug-in equalizers and attenuators come with guides that simplify their installation, and plastic covers that protect their components. Equalizers and attenuators may be plugged in at various locations for optimum performance.

Excellent return-path performance The return-path circuitry, installed on the PC board, uses a hybrid amplifier with an improved compression point and bit error rate (BER) for digital-loaded traffic over a discrete amplifier design.

Accurate return setup Each return leg has its own input test point.* Each return leg also has its own plug-in attenuator location, allowing you to isolate ingress.** On the combined return output, an equalizer, an attenuator, and a directional coupler test point allow for accurate setting of the combined signal. Return test signals can be injected at any forward output test point.

Easy upgrade from older equipment

The Diamond Line amplifiers enable you to quickly and easily upgrade older C-COR 550 and 750 MHz equipment using the existing housings.

Accurate test points Directional coupler test points isolate the measured forward output signal from the effects of reflections in the cable.

Response equalizer (debumper) location available

An interstage response equalizer can be used as needed to compensate for system imperfections.

Forward and return level control Automatic level and slope control (ALSC) model amplifiers are available to maintain forward levels despite fluctuations in cable attenuation due to temperature.

Powering path features The input power range is 40 to 90 volts. A unique, 90%-efficient power supply, integral to the RF module, contains specially designed circuitry that minimizes the possibility that the system power supply will go into a foldback condition. A crowbar circuit is standard. Power directors and line-voltage measuring point are easily accessible.

* Diamond Line 1 and 2 amplifiers, which combine return signals from multiple legs, use resistive return input test points to decreaseinsertion loss. Diamond Line 3 amplifiers use a directional coupler for the return input test point; a directional coupler test point’sgreater loss is not as critical, since it is not added to combining losses.

**As long as the previous amplifier’s return output levels are set properly, you shouldn’t need to use return input attenuators tomake level adjustments. However, if there are no actives downstream of the amplifier, you could use these attenuators to adjustsignal levels going into the return hybrid, for example, to make the signal levels from the return legs equal. (See “Return InputAttenuators” on page 132.)


Diamond Line 3A, 3T, 3M Amps 2244002 Rev B 7

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Diamond Line 3 Single Output Amplifiers

About this Section

In this section, you will find the following reference information about the Diamond Line 3 single output amplifiers:

Item...................................................................................................................PageEquipment Description.........................................................................................9Model Numbers (module only) ....................................................................10Configuration Numbers (module + housing)........................................11Controls and Connectors ..................................................................................12Plug-In Circuits ........................................................................................................14Functional Description........................................................................................16Specifications ...........................................................................................................20


8 2244002 Rev B Diamond Line 3A, 3T, 3M Amps



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Equipment Description

The Diamond Line 3 single output amplifier, a line extender, is available in three basic models:

• model 3A, with automatic level and slope control (ALSC),

• model 3T, with thermal level control, and

• model 3M, with manual level control.

Figure 2. Diamond Line 3 Single Output Amplifier, Front ViewThe Diamond Line 3 single output amplifier is a line extender, similar in function to C-COR’s LE series line extenders.



Model Numbers (module only)

Diamond Line 3 amplifier models vary in two ways: highest forward frequency and type of level control (ALSC, thermal, or manual).

For example, model 6-G3A198 /28-42/54/499-125 (variable elements underlined) specifies the following:

• a highest forward frequency of 870 MHz,

• ALSC (model 3A) with a 499.25 MHz pilot frequency and 28 dB station gain, and

• 12.5 dB station output tilt over the forward bandwidth.

Figure 3. Diamond Line 3 Amplifier, Model NumbersThe Diamond Line 3 amplifier modules vary in highest forward frequency, type of level control, and station output tilt.

6 – G3A19_ / _ _ – 42/54 – _ _ _ – _ _ _

1 Output Hybrid (Diamond Line 3 Amplifier)

Station Gain (dB)—

30 Model 3A(incl. losses from automatic control/thermal control and 1 dB loss from input equalizer)

31 Model 3M(incl. 1 dB loss from input equalizer)

33 Model 3T(incl. losses from thermal control and 1 dB loss from input equalizer)


42/54 Bandsplit (diplex filter)5–42 MHz, return54 MHz and up, forward

Highest Forward Frequency—7 = 750 MHz8 = 870 MHz

ALSC Pilot Frequency (if model 3A)For Example: 427 = 427.25 MHz433 = 433.25 MHz499 = 499.25 MHz

orTHR = Thermal (model 3T)

orMAN = Manual (model 3M)

Power Doubling™Technology Station Output

Tilt (over forward bandwidth)—125 = 12.5 dB

Diamond Line 3 Amplifiers

Series 9 (1 GHz platform)



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Configuration Numbers (module + housing)

Diamond Line 3 amplifier configuration numbers tell which amplifier module is installed in which housing. For example, configuration G3A618D28-CVLJ92C-01 (variable elements underlined) specifies the following:

• a 3A module like the example given on page 10 (a highest forward frequency of 870 MHz, an ALSC pilot frequency of 499.25 MHz, and 12.5 dB station output tilt at highest frequency) and

• a 9-NHD-15 housing (9-NH15 series housing with deep lid, as required for element management). For more on 9-NH housing model numbers, see page 46.1

• element management option which carries EMS signals on 108.50 and 6.5 MHz.

Figure 4. Diamond Line 3 Amp, Configuration NumbersA Diamond Line 3 amplifier configuration combines a particular amplifier module with a particular housing.

G3A61 _ D _ _ – C_ _ _ 9 _C-_ _

42/54 Bandsplit

Powering—90 VAC, 3A power supply

Housing—A = NoneB = 9-NHD15/1/PEDC = 9-NH15/2PK = 9-NH15L = 9-NH15/CAM = 9-NH15/IN = 9-NH15/I-CAP = 9-NH15/I/PEDR = 9-NH15/I/PED/CAT = 9-NH15/PED-CAU = 9-NH15/PEDV = 9-NHD-15

(Also compatible with 9-BH series housings)

Highest Forward Frequency—7 = 750 MHz8 = 870 MHz

ALSC Pilot Frequency(if model 3A)—LD = 423.25 MHzLE = 426.25 MHzLF = 427.25 MHzLG = 433.25 MHzLJ = 499.25 MHz

orTH = Thermal (model 3T)

orMN = Manual (model 3M)

Plug-In Return Amp Hybrid

Surge Protection—90V Crowbar

1 Output Hybrid(Diamond Line 3 Amplifier)

Same for Diamond Line 2 & 3 Amplifiers

Power Doubling™Technology

Element Management (EMS) OptionStation Gain (dB)—

30 Model 3A(incl. losses from automatic control/thermal control and 1 dB loss from input equalizer)


33 Model 3T(incl. losses from thermal control and 1 dB loss from input equalizer)


Station Output Tilt (over forward bandwidth)—2 = 12.5 dB3 = 11.0 dB4 = 10.0 dB5 = 14.7 dBSplit equalization:(interstage eq/output tilt)B = 10/12.5C = 5.5/10.0D = 6.5/11.0E = 8/12.5F =10.2/14.7

1. Diamond Line series amplifiers can also be housed in 9-BH series bypass housings. See the “9-BH15 Bypass Housing Installation Guide,” document number 2240001.



Controls and Connectors

Figure 5. Diamond Line 3 Amp, Controls & ConnectorsThis illustration shows the Diamond Line 3 amplifier module’s controls and points of connection. Callouts are defined in the following table. For locations of plug-in circuits, see page 14.

INPUT

ATTENUATOR

MADE IN U . S . A .835578 - 4

INPUT

EQUALIZER

ALSC

ON

OFF

RESPONSE

EQUALIZER

RET INPUTATTENUATOR

INTERSTAGESLOPEEQUALIZER

ALSCGAINADJ

CURRENTSENSOR

STATUSMONITOR& PWR

+ 24 VDCTEST POINT

RET OUTPUTATTENUATOR

RETURN EQUALIZER

INTERSTAGEATTENUATOR

TP1 INPUT

(-20 dB)

TP2 FWD

(-20 dB)

RET INPUT TP

(-20 dB)RET OUTPUT TP

(-20 dB)

FI AC PWR

NETWORK AMPLIFIER

LINE EXTENDER

FOTO MODULERF INPUT

F2 AC PWR

PORT 1 PORT 2

3. Input Test Point, TP1

4. Output Test Point, TP2

6. Return Output Test Point

5. Return Input Test Point

7. +24 VDC Test Point

8. Fuse, F1

9. ALSCOn/Off Switch (model 3A only) 10. ALSC

Gain Control (model 3A only)

11. EMS & Power Connector

13. EMS Module RF Input Connector

8. Fuse, F2

2. Forward Output/Return Input Jack, J2

1. Forward Input/Return Output Jack, J1

12 Location of EMS Current Sensor



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Designation Description


G-type female connector. Routes forward input to the amplifier. Also routes return output via the cable system back to the previous amplifier. AC can be received through either port (J1 or J2) to a 3-amp power supply.

2. Forward Output/Return Input Jack, J2

G-type female connector. Routes forward output to the cable. Also routes return input to the amplifier. AC can be received through either port (J1 or J2) to a 3-amp power supply.

3. Input Test Point, TP1 -20 dB directional coupler test point. Used to measure the forward input signal at J1 without interrupting the amplifier’s operation. Return output signal cannot be measured here.

4. Output Test Point, TP2 -20 dB directional coupler test point. Used to measure the forward output signals at J2 without interrupting the amplifier’s operation. Directional coupler test point isolates the measured forward output signal from the effects of reflections in the cable. The output test point allows access to the return band as well. You can’t measure return signal here, but you can inject return test signals.

5. Return Input Test Point -20 dB directional coupler test point. Used to measure the incoming return signal without interrupting the amplifier’s operation. Diamond Line 3 amplifiers use a directional coupler for the return input test point; these amps do not combine return signals, so noise is not an issue.

6. Return Output Test Point -20 dB directional coupler test point. Used to measure the return signal as it will be sent to the return output port, J1.

7. +24 VDC Test Point Used to check the DC voltage.8. Fuses, F1 & F2 25-amp fuses. Direct AC power to ports J1 and J2, respectively. 9. ALSC On/Off Switch

(model 3A only)Switch located on ALSC circuit board. Turns automatic level and slope control on (automatic mode) or off (manual mode).

10. ALSC Gain Control (model 3A only)

Potentiometer located on ALSC circuit board. Controls the gain set point in automatic mode (ALSC on).

11. EMS & Power Connector Used to connect amplifier module to element-management equipment in lid of housing (deep-lid model required).

12. Location of EMS Current Sensor

Used with element management system to monitor the current draw in the amplifier module.


Used to connect amplifier module to element-management equipment in lid of housing (deep-lid model required).



Plug-In Circuits

The illustration above shows what each user-changeable plug-in looks like, and where it goes in a Diamond Line 3 amplifier. For related information elsewhere in this manual, see below:

Figure 6. Diamond Line 3 Amp, User-Changeable Plug-InsThese user-changeable plug-in circuits, accessible through cut-outs in the amplifier cover, lets you customize the Diamond Line 3 amplifier. “WC” series equalizers and attenuators come with guides that simplify their installation and plastic covers that protect their components. (The “WC” in the part number stands for “with cover.”)

INPUT

ATTENUATOR

MADE IN U . S . A .835578 - 4

INPUT

EQUALIZER

ALSC

ON

OFF

RESPONSE

EQUALIZER

RET INPUTATTENUATOR

INTERSTAGESLOPEEQUALIZER

ALSCGAINADJ

CURRENTSENSOR

STATUSMONITOR& PWR

+ 24 VDCTEST POINT

RET OUTPUTATTENUATOR

RETURN EQUALIZER

INTERSTAGEATTENUATOR

TP1 INPUT

(-20 dB)

TP2 FWD

(-20 dB)

RET INPUT TP

(-20 dB)RET OUTPUT TP

(-20 dB)

FI AC PWR

NETWORK AMPLIFIER

LINE EXTENDER

FOTO MODULERF INPUT

F2 AC PWR

PORT 1 PORT 2

9-A-WC or 10-A-WCReturn InputAttenuator

7-2E-WCInput

Equalizer

9-A-WC or 10-A-WC

Input Attenuator

9-A-WC or 10-A-WCReturn Output

Attenuator

EDBResponse Equalizer

(debumper)

7-REF-WCReturn Output

Equalizer

7-2E-WCInterstage

Slope Equalizer

Other information about these plug-ins Page

Which plug-ins are factory-installed, which required, which optional 15How signal flows through the plug-ins & how they act on the signal 12List of procedures related to each plug-in (in Index) 137

9-A-WC or10-A-WCInterstage Attenuator

(models 3A & 3M)or

7-CT Thermal

Attenuator (model 3T)



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Plug-ins for a Diamond Line 3 Amplifier Plug-in Series

Factory-Installed Plug-InsCircuits or jumpers are factory-installed in these positions for optimum performance according to customer or product requirements. (The factory-installed plug-ins are shown in Figure 6 only if they can be changed by the user.)

Thermal Attenuator (model 3T only, in interstage attenuator position) 7-CT Automatic Level and Slope Control, ALSC (model 3A only, under cover, not user-changeable)

6-ALSC

Interstage Slope Equalizer* 7-2E-WC Output Attenuator (under cover, not user-changeable) 9-A

• Required Plug-InsThese positions are shipped empty. For the amplifier to work, you must select and install the appropriate value based on the amplifier’s location in your network. (The required plug-ins are all shown in Figure 6.)

Input Attenuator 9-A-WC or10-A-WC •

Input Equalizer 7-2E-WC •Return Output Equalizer 7-REF-WC • Optional Plug-Ins

Jumpers, or “zero” value circuits, are shipped in these positions for circuit continuity. You may need to plug in different values based on your system design and performance. (The optional plug-ins are all shown in Figure 6.)

Interstage Attenuator (models 3A and 3M only) 9-A-WC or10-A-WC

Response Equalizer (debumper) EDB Return Input Attenuator 9-A-WC or

10-A-WC Return Output Attenuator 9-A-WC or

10-A-WC •* Normally you will not change this equalizer. However, it is accessible through a cut-out in the module cover so that, if necessary,

you could change the tilt of the amplifier output from the factory-set value. See “Interstage Equalizers” on page 129.



Functional Description

In summary, forward RF signals enter the Diamond Line 3 amplifier module through the input port, J1, and are amplified once by the pre-amplifier and again by the post-amplifier before exiting through the output port, J2.

The return RF signal flows from port J2 to port J1.

Forward RF Signal Flow Input Port (J1). The input port, J1, routes forward incoming signal to the amplifier. (This port also routes outgoing return signal to the main cable.)

Refer to Figure 7 as you read the descriptions in this section.

Input Test Point. The input test point is a -20 dB directional coupler. Accessible through a cut-out in the module cover, this test point lets you verify forward signals at the forward input port (J1) without interrupting the amplifier’s operation. (Do not use this test point to measure return signal.)

Input Diplex Filter. A diplex filter consists of a pair of filters, one high-pass and one low-pass, isolating forward and return bands. The high-pass filter passes forward signals but blocks return signals and AC. The low-pass filter passes return signals but blocks forward signals.

Figure 7. Diamond Line 3 Amp, Functional Block DiagramThe Diamond Line 3 amplifier provides one high-level RF output.



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Forward RF Signal Flow (Cont.)

Input Attenuator. A 9-A-WC or 10-A-WC series plug-in attenuator reduces RF levels at the input to the pre-amplifier to meet design specs. Amplifiers are shipped with the input attenuator position empty. Select and install the appropriate value based on the amplifier’s location in your network.

Amplifiers are shipped with the input attenuator and input equalizer positions empty; you must plug both circuits in for the amplifier to work.

Input Equalizer. The 7-2E-WC series equalizer compensates for the effects of cable preceding the amplifier module. Amplifiers are shipped with the input equalizer position empty. Select and install the appropriate value based on the amplifier’s location in your network.

Pre-Amplifier. A push-pull input hybrid provides gain. This pre-amplifier sets the amplifier’s noise figure.

Interstage Attenuator (models 3A & 3M only). A 9-A-WC or 10-A-WC series interstage attenuator can be used in 3A and 3M models to reduce overall amplifier gain. A “zero” attenuator is shipped in this slot for circuit continuity.

Thermal Attenuator (factory-installed, model 3T only). A 7-CT series thermal attenuator is factory-installed in 3T models to compensate for temperature changes inside the amplifier module.

ALSC Bode Equalizer (factory-installed, model 3A only). The automatic level and slope control (ALSC) Bode equalizer works with the ALSC Bode controller to maintain a constant RF output level, compensating for the effects of outside temperature changes on cable.

Response Equalizer. An EDB series response equalizer (debumper) flattens the forward response of cascaded amplifiers, compensating for system signature imperfections. A jumper is shipped in this slot for circuit continuity.

Interstage Equalizer (factory-installed). The 7-2E-WC series equalizer is factory-installed to optimize the distortion characteristic of the amplifier and provide the desired output slope at the specified bandwidth. Normally you will not change this plug-in. However, if you need to change the tilt of the amplifier output from the factory-set value, see “Interstage Equalizers” on page 129.

Post-Amplifier. The RF from this hybrid, which uses Power Doubling technology, goes to the output port, J2.




ALSC Bode Controller (factory-installed, model 3A only). The automatic level and slope control (ALSC) Bode controller works with the ALSC Bode equalizer to maintain a constant RF output level, compensating for the effects of outside temperature changes on cable. A directional coupler taps a small portion of the output power and converts it to a DC signal that controls the Bode equalizer.

Output Attenuator (factory-installed). An output attenuator fine-tunes the RF level at the output per amplifier specifications. This attenuator, which is not accessible through the amplifier cover, should not be changed by the user.

Output Diplex Filter. See “Input Diplex Filter” on page 16.

The output test point allows access to the return band as well. You can’t measure return signal here, but you can inject return test signals.

Output Test Point. The output test point is a -20 dB directional coupler, which isolates the measured forward output signal from the effects of reflections in the cable. Accessible through a cut-out in the module cover, this test point lets you verify forward signals at the output port (J2) without interrupting the amplifier’s operation.

Output Port (J2). The output port, J2, routes forward outgoing signal to the cable. (This port also routes incoming return signal to the amplifier.)

Return RF Signal Flow Return Input Port (J2). The return input port routes incoming return signal to the amplifier. (This port also routes forward outgoing signal to the cable.)


Return Test Signal Injection Point (Output Test Point). Since the forward output test point allows access to the return band, you can inject return test signals here. Do not use this port to measure return signal.

Return Input Diplex Filter. See “Input Diplex Filter” on page 16.

Return Input Attenuator. A 9-A-WC or 10-A-WC series plug-in attenuator is used in this position primarily for ingress isolation. (See page 132.) A “zero” attenuator, is shipped in this slot for circuit continuity.

Return Input Test Point. Accessible through a cut-out in the module cover, this -20 dB directional coupler test point lets you verify the return signal before it is amplified, without interrupting the amplifier’s operation.



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Return Amplifier. This hybrid, which amplifies the return signal, features an improved compression point and bit error rate (BER) for digital-loaded traffic over a discrete amplifier design.

Amplifiers are shipped with the return output equalizer and return output attenuator positions empty; you must plug both circuits in for the amplifier to work.

Return Output Equalizer. Accessible through a cut-out in the module cover, this 7-REF-WC series equalizer provides an output tilt at the return amplifier that will provide a flat input at the next return amplifier. Amplifiers are shipped with the return output equalizer position empty. Select and install the appropriate value based on the amplifier’s location in your network.

Return Output Attenuator. A 9-A-WC or 10-A-WC series attenuator reduces signal levels at the return output port (J1). Amplifiers are shipped with “zero” return output attenuator. You may need to select and install the appropriate value based on the amplifier’s location in your network.

Return Output Test Point. This -20 dB directional coupler test point is used to measure return signal as it will be sent to the return output port, J1. (Test point at J1 is for forward input only; the return signal cannot be measured at that point.)

Return Output Diplex Filter. See “Input Diplex Filter,” page 16.

Return Output Port (J1). The return output port routes outgoing return signal via the cable system back to the previous amplifier. (This port also routes incoming forward signal to the amplifier.)

Amplifier Powering AC power may enter the housing at any of the RF ports. AC and RF separation is fixed. An AC bypass path provides high impedance to RF signals.

The amplifier’s 3-ampere power supply receives the incoming AC power and converts it into DC power. For details on the power-director fuses, see Figure 26.



Specifications

Diamond Line 3A Amplifier, 870 MHz, 30dB Gain With 12.5 dB Tilt1

Notes 6-G3A198/30-42/54-***-125 UnitsBandwidth

ForwardReturn

54–8705–42

MHzMHz

Forward Minimum Full Gain @ 870 MHz (incl. losses from ALSC) 31 +0.5/-0 dBForward Operating Gain @ 870 MHz(incl. losses from ALSC and 1 dB loss from input EQ) 30 +0.5/-0 dBReturn Operating Gain, minimum @ 40 MHz (incl. 1 dB loss from EQ) 22 dBResponse Flatness (forward and return) ± 0.5 dBReturn Loss (75 ohm, both ports, 5–870 MHz) 16 dBTest Points (forward and return) -20 ± 0.5 dBForward Bandwidth

Referenced Output Levelat 870 / 750 / 650 / 550 / 54 MHz 48 / 46.5 / 45 / 43.5 / 35.5 dBmV

Channel Loading (analog, NTSC) a

a. Distortion specifications are typical for individual module performance.

112 channels 96 channels 79 channelsComposite Triple Beat, typical -58 -63 -67 dBcCross Modulation, typical -56 -59 -62 dBcComposite Second Order, typicalVc + 0.75 & 1.25 MHz only -65 -68 -73 dBc

Noise Figure, maximum (includes 1 dB for equalizer loss) 11 dBHum Modulation, typical

@ 12 amps@ 15 amps (54-750/751-870)

-70-63/-57

dBcdBc

Return BandwidthDistortions at Referenced Output @ +25 °C a 6 ch + 39 dBmV flat out

Composite Triple Beat, typical -76 dBcCross Modulation, typical -68 dBcComposite Second Order, typical -79 dBc1 dB Compression Point, typical +69.5 dBmV

Noise Figure (worst case) 8 dBHum Modulation, typical

@ 12 amps (5–10 MHz / 11–42 MHz) 65 / 70 dBc@ 15 amps (5–10 MHz / 11–42 MHz) -55/-63 dBc

AC Bypass Current (continuous) 15 AAC Power Consumption (worst case) 47 WOperating Ambient Temperature -40 to 140

-40 to +60°F°C

Dimensions (length x width x height) 12.8 x 5.6 x 3.632.5 x 14.2 x 9.1

in.cm

Weight 4.55 (2.0) lb (kg)All specifications are subject to change without notice.

1. See the Appendix for the following specifications, which apply to all Diamond Line amplifiers: “Power Supply Specifications” on page 121, “Relative Chroma Delay Specifications (NTSC System M)” on page 122, “Relative Group Delay Characteristics for Return Signals” on page 122, and “Automatic Level & Slope Control (ALSC) Specifications” on page 123.



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Diamond Line 3M Amplifier, 870 MHz, 31 dB Gain With 12.5 dB Tilt1

Notes 6-G3A198/31-42/54-MAN-125 UnitsBandwidth

ForwardReturn

54–8705–42

MHzMHz

Forward Minimum Full Gain @ 870 MHz 32 +0.5/-0 dBForward Operating Gain @ 870 MHz(incl. 1 dB loss from input equalizer) 31 +0.5/-0 dBReturn Operating Gain, minimum @ 40 MHz (incl. 1 dB loss from EQ) 22 dBResponse Flatness (forward and return) ± 0.5 dBReturn Loss (75 ohm, both ports, 5–870 MHz) 16 dBTest Points (forward and return) -20 ± 0.5 dBForward Bandwidth






@ 12 amps@ 15 amps (54–750 / 751–870)

-70-63/-57

dBcdBc




@ 12 amps (5–10 MHz / 11–42 MHz) -65/-70 dBc@ 15 amps (5–10 MHz / 11–42 MHz) -55/-63 dBc

AC Bypass Current (continuous) 15 AAC Power Consumption (worst case) 47 W

Operating Ambient Temperature -40 to 140-40 to +60

°F°C


in.cm





Diamond Line 3T Amplifier, 870 MHz, 33 dB Gain With 12.5 dB Tilt1

Notes 6-G3A198/33-42/54-THR-125 UnitsBandwidth

ForwardReturn

54–8705–42

MHzMHz







@ 12 amps@ 15 amps (54–750/751–870)

-70-63/-57

dBcdBc




@ 12 amps (5–10 MHz / 11–42 MHz) -65/70 dBc@ 15 amps (5–10 MHz / 11–42 MHz) -55/-63 dBc



°F°C


in.cm





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Diamond Line 3M Amplifier, 870 MHz, 36 dB Gain With 12.5 dB Tilt1

Notes 6-G3A198/36-42/54-MAN-125 UnitsBandwidth

ForwardReturn

54–8705–42

MHzMHz







@ 12 amps@ 15 amps (54–750/751–870)

-70-63/-57

dBcdBc




@ 12 amps (5–10 MHz / 11–42 MHz) -65/-70 dBc@ 15 amps (5–10 MHz / 11–42 MHz) -55/-63 dBc



°F°C


in.cm




Diamond Line 3D Dual Amps 2244002 Rev B 25

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Diamond Line 3 Dual Output Amplifier

About this Section

In this section, you will find the following reference information for the Diamond Line 3 dual output amplifiers:

Item...................................................................................................................PageEquipment Description......................................................................................27Model Numbers (module only) ....................................................................28Configuration Numbers (module + housing)........................................29Controls and Connectors ..................................................................................30Plug-In Circuits ........................................................................................................32Functional Description........................................................................................34Specifications ...........................................................................................................40


26 2244002 Rev B Diamond Line 3D Dual Amps



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Diamond Line 3D amplifiers have two equal, high-level RF distribution outputs. They use two post-amplifier hybrids, one for the main output and one for the secondary output. Each amplifier comes with a 3-amp, switched-mode power supply built into the back of the amplifier module. A return amplifier hybrid amplifies RF signals in the return path.

Figure 8. Diamond Line 3 Dual-Output Amplifier, Front ViewThe Diamond Line 3D amplifier is a distribution amplifier, similar in function to C-COR’s GNA series global network amplifiers.

PORT 2

835623-2

CURRENT

SENSOR

PORT 3

OUTPUT

ATTENUATOR



Model Numbers (module only)

The amplifier’s model name tells you about the module’s features and performance. For example, model 6-G3AD98/30–42/54–THR–125 (variable elements underlined) specifies the following:

• a highest forward frequency of 870 MHz,

• thermal level control at the interstage attenuator location, and

• 12.5 dB station output tilt at highest frequency.

Figure 9. Diamond Line 3D Amplifier, Model NumbersThe Diamond Line 3D amplifier modules vary in highest forward frequency, thermal level control, and station output tilt.

6 – G3AD98 /_ _– 42/54 – THR – _ _ _

Dual Outputs

Station Gain in dB (incl. 1 dB loss from input equalizer)30 dB (w/thermal)33 dB (manual)

42/54 Bandsplit (diplex filter)5–42 MHz, return54 MHz and up, forward

Highest Forward Frequency—8 = 870 MHz

THR = Thermal Level Control

MAN = Manual ControlSame for Diamond Line 2 & 3 Amplifiers

Power Doubling™Technology Station Output

Tilt (over forward bandwidth)—125 = 12.5 dB




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Configuration Numbers (module + housing)

Diamond Line 3D amplifier configuration numbers tell which amplifier module is installed in which housing. For example, configuration G3A6D8D30-CVTH92C-01 (variable elements underlined) specifies the following:

• a Diamond Line 3D amplifier module like the example given on page 28 (highest forward frequency of 870 MHz, thermal level control, and 12.5 dB station output tilt) and

• a 9-NHD-15 housing (9-NH15 series housing with deep lid, as required for element management). For more on 9-NH housing model numbers, see page 46.1

• element management option which carries EMS signals on 108.50 and 6.5 MHz.

Figure 10. Diamond Line 3D Amp, Configuration NumbersA Diamond Line 3D amplifier configuration combines a particular amplifier module with a particular housing.

G3A6D8 D_ _– C_ _ _ 9 _C-_ _

Dual Outputs

42/54 Bandsplit

Station Gain in dB (incl. 1 dB loss from input equalizer)30 dB (w/thermal)33 dB (manual)

Powering—90 VAC, 3A power supply

Highest Forward Frequency—8 = 870 MHz

TH = Thermal MN = Manual

Plug-In Return Amp Hybrid

Diamond Line 2 & 3 Amplifiers

Power Doubling™Technology

Station Output Tilt (over forward bandwidth)—2 = 12.5 dB3 = 11.0 dB4 = 10.0 dB5 = 14.7 dBSplit equalization:(interstage eq/output tilt)B = 10/12.5C = 5.5/10.0D = 6.5/11.0E = 8/12.5F =10.2/14.7

Surge Protection—90V Crowbar

Element- Management OptionHousing—

A = NoneB = 9-NHD15/1/PEDC = 9-NH15/2PK = 9-NH15L = 9-NH15/CAM = 9-NH15/IN = 9-NH15/I-CAP = 9-NH15/I/PEDR = 9-NH15/I/PED/CAT = 9-NH15/PED-CAU = 9-NH15/PEDV = 9-NHD-15

(Also compatible with 9-BH series housings)

1. Diamond Line series amplifiers can also be housed in 9-BH series bypass housings. See the “9-BH15 Bypass Housing Installation Guide,” document number 2240001.



Controls and Connectors

Figure 11. Diamond Line 3D Amp, Controls & ConnectorsThis illustration shows the Diamond Line 3D amplifier module’s controls and points of connection. Callouts are defined in the following table. For locations of plug-in circuits, see page 32.

PORT 2

835623-2

CURRENT

SENSOR

PORT 3

OUTPUT

ATTENUATOR

4. Input Test Point, TP1



7. Return Output Test Point

6. Return Input Test Points (for ports 2 and 3)

8. +24 VDC Test Point

9. Fuses:F1F3

11. EMS & Power Connector

12. Location for Port 3 RF Sensor (DD-EMS Kit)


9. Fuse F2


2. Main Output/Return Input Jack, J2

3. Secondary Output/Return Input Jack, J3

10. Location for EMS Current Sensor



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G-type female connector. Routes forward input to the amplifier. Also routes return output via the cable system back to the previous amplifier. AC can be received through any of the three ports (J1, J2, or J3) to a 3-amp power supply.

2. Main Output/Return Input Jack, J2

G-type female connector. Routes forward output to the main cable. Also routes return input to the amplifier. AC can be received through any of the three ports (J1, J2, or J3) to a 3-amp power supply.

3. Secondary Output/Return Input Jack, J3

G-type female connectors. Route forward output to distribution cables. Also route return input to the amplifier. AC can be received through any of the three ports (J1, J2, or J3) to a 3-amp power supply.

4. Input Test Point, TP1 -20 dB directional coupler test point. Used to measure the forward input signal at J1 without interrupting the amplifier’s operation. Return output signal cannot be measured here.

5. Output Test Points: TP2, TP3 -20 dB directional coupler test points. Used to measure the forward output signals at J2 and J3, respectively, without interrupting the amplifier’s operation. Directional coupler test points isolate the measured forward output signal from the effects of reflections in the cable. The output test points allow access to the return band as well. You can’t measure return signal here, but you can inject return test signals.

6. Return Input Test Points (for ports 2 and 3)

-20 dB resistive test points. Used to measure the return signals before they are combined, without interrupting the amplifier’s operation. Diamond Line 3D amplifiers, which combine return signals from multiple legs, use resistive return input test points to minimize noise.

7. Return Output Test Point -20 dB directional coupler test point. Used to measure the combined return signal as it will be sent to the return output port, J1.

8. +24 VDC Test Point Used to check the DC voltage.9. Fuses: F1, F2, F3 25-amp fuses. Direct AC power to ports J1, J2, and J3, respectively. 10. Location for EMS Current

SensorUsed with element management system to monitor the current draw in the amplifier module.

11. EMS & Power Connector Used to connect amplifier module to element-management equipment in lid of housing (deep-lid model required).

12. Locations for Secondary Port RF Sensors (DD-EMS Kit)

Used with element management.


Used to connect amplifier module to element-management equipment in lid of housing (deep-lid model required).



Plug-In Circuits

For related information in this manual, see below:

Figure 12. Diamond Line 3D Amp,User-Changeable Plug-InsThese user-changeable plug-in circuits, accessible through cut-outs in the amplifier cover, allow the Diamond Line 3D amplifier to be customized.

PORT 2

835623-2

CURRENT

SENSOR

PORT 3

OUTPUT

ATTENUATOR

9-A-WC or 10-A-WC

Return InputAttenuators

7-2E-WCInput

Equalizer

9-A-WC or 10-A-WC

Input Attenuator

9-A-WC or 10-A-WC

Sec. OutputAttenuator

7-REF-WCReturn Output

Equalizer

9-A-WC or 10-A-WC

ReturnOutput

Attenuator

EDBResponse Equalizer

(debumper)

9-A-WC or 10-A-WCInterstage Attenuator

or7-CT15/870

Thermal Attenuator

9-A-WC or 10-A-WC

Main OutputAttenuator

7-2E-WCInterstage Slope

Equalizer

Other information about these plug-ins Page

Which plug-ins are factory-installed, which required, which optional 33How signal flows through the plug-ins & how they act on the signal 34List of procedures related to each plug-in (in Index) 137



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Plug-ins for a Diamond Line 3D Amplifier Plug-in Series

Factory-Installed Plug-InsCircuits or jumpers are factory-installed in these positions for optimum performance according to customer or product requirements. (The factory-installed plug-ins are shown in Figure 12 only if they can be changed by the user.)

Interstage Slope Equalizer* 7-2E-WC

• Required Plug-InsThese positions are shipped empty. For the amplifier to work, you must select and install the appropriate value based on the amplifier’s location in your network. (The required plug-ins are all shown in Figure 12.)

Input Attenuator 9-A-WC or10-A-WC •

Input Equalizer 7-2E-WC •Return Output Equalizer 7-REF-WC •Return Output Attenuator 9-A-WC or

10-A-WC • Optional Plug-Ins

Jumpers, or “zero” value circuits, are shipped in these positions for circuit continuity. You may need to plug in different values based on your system design and performance. (The optional plug-ins are all shown in Figure 12.)

Interstage Attenuator or Thermal Attenuator 9-A-WC or10-A-WC or

7-CT15Response Equalizer (debumper) EDB Main Output Attenuator 9-A-WC or

10-A-WC Secondary Output Attenuator 9-A-WC or

10-A-WC Return Input Attenuators (two locations) 9-A-WC or

10-A-WC Return Output Attenuator 9-A-WC or

10-A-WC •* Normally you will not change these equalizers. However, they are accessible through cut-outs in the module cover so that,

if necessary, you could change the tilt of the amplifier’s outputs from the factory-set value. See “Interstage Equalizers” on page 129.




In summary, forward RF signals enter the Diamond Line 3D amplifier module through the input port, J1, and are amplified by the pre-amplifier. The main output signal is amplified once more before exiting through the main output port, J2. The secondary-output signal is also amplified once more before exiting through the distribution (secondary) output port, J3.

The return RF signal flow is the same for both of the Diamond Line 3D amplifier’s return legs, from ports J2 and J3.

Figure 13. Diamond Line 3D Amp, Functional Block DiagramThe Diamond Line 3D amplifier has two equal RF distribution outputs. It uses two post-amplifier hybrids, one for the main output and one for the secondary output.



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Forward RF Signal Flow Before Main & Secondary Paths Split

Input Port (J1). The input port, J1, routes forward incoming signal to the amplifier. (This port also routes outgoing return signal to the main cable.)


Input Test Point. The input test point is a -20 dB directional coupler. Accessible through a cut-out in the module cover, this test point lets you verify forward signals at the forward input port (J1) without interrupting the amplifier’s operation. (Do not measure return signal here.)

Input Diplex Filter. A diplex filter consists of a pair of filters, a high-pass and a low-pass, isolating forward and return bands. The high-pass filter passes forward signals but blocks return signals and AC. The low-pass filter passes return signals but blocks forward signals.

Amplifiers are shipped with the input attenuator and input equalizer positions empty; you must plug both circuits in for the amplifier to work.

Input Attenuator. A 9-A-WC or 10-A-WC series plug-in attenuator reduces RF levels at the input to the pre-amplifier to meet design specifications. Amplifiers are shipped with the input attenuator position empty. Select and install the appropriate value based on the amplifier’s location in your network.

Input Equalizer. The 7-2E-WC series plug-in equalizer compensates for the effects of cable preceding the amplifier module. Amplifiers are shipped with the input equalizer position empty. Select and install the appropriate value based on the amplifier’s location in your network.

Pre-Amplifier. A push-pull input hybrid provides gain. This pre-amplifier sets the amplifier’s noise figure.

Interstage Attenuator or Thermal Attenuator. A 9-A-WC or 10-A-WC series interstage attenuator reduces overall amplifier gain. A “zero” attenuator is shipped in this slot for circuit continuity.

A 7-CT15/870 thermal attenuator may be installed instead of the 9-A-WC or 10-A-WC interstage attenuator. This plug-in compensates for changes in temperature inside the module.




Response Equalizer. An EDB series response equalizer (debumper) flattens the forward response of cascaded amplifiers, compensating for system signature imperfections. A jumper is shipped in this slot for circuit continuity.

Interstage Equalizer (factory-installed). The 7-2E-WC series equalizer is factory-installed to optimize the distortion characteristic of the amplifier and provide the desired main output slope at the specified bandwidth. Normally you will not change this plug-in. However, if you need to change the tilt of the amplifier’s outputs from the factory-set value, see the procedure under “Interstage Equalizers” on page 129.

Main Path (after it splits from secondary path)

Main Output Attenuator. Accessible through a cut-out in the module cover, this 9-A-WC or 10-A-WC attenuator reduces signal levels at the main output. A “zero” attenuator is shipped in this slot for circuit continuity.

Main Output Post-Amplifier. The RF from this hybrid, which uses Power Doubling technology, goes to the main output port, J2.

Main Output Diplex Filter. See “Input Diplex Filter” on page 35.

The main output test point allows access to the return band as well. You can’t measure return signal here, but you can inject return test signals.

Main Output Test Point. The main output test point is a -20 dB directional coupler, which isolates the measured forward signal from the effects of reflections in the cable. Accessible through a cut-out in the module cover, this test point allows verification of the forward signals at the main output port (J2) without interrupting the amplifier’s operation.

Main Output Port (J2). The main output port, J2, routes forward outgoing signal to a distribution cable. (This port also routes incoming return signal to the amplifier.)

Secondary Path (after it splits from main path)

Secondary Output Attenuator. A 9-A-WC or 10-A-WC series attenuator reduces signal levels at the secondary output port (J3). A jumper, or “zero” attenuator, is shipped in this slot for circuit continuity.



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Secondary Output Post-Amplifier. The RF from this hybrid, which uses Power Doubling technology, goes to the secondary output port(s).

Secondary Output Diplex Filter. See “Input Diplex Filter” on page 35.

A secondary output test point allows access to the return band as well. You can’t measure return signal here, but you can inject return test signals.

Secondary Output Test Point. A secondary output test point is a -20 dB directional coupler, which isolates the measured forward signal from the effects of reflections in the cable. Accessible through a cut-out in the module cover, this test point allows verification of the forward signals at the secondary output port (J3 or J4) without interrupting the amplifier’s operation.

Secondary Output Port (J3). A secondary output port routes forward outgoing signal to a distribution cable. (This port also routes incoming return signal to the amplifier.)

Return RF Signal Flow Before the Return Legs Combine

The signal flow is the same for both the Diamond Line 3D amplifier’s return legs.


Return Input Port (J2, J3). A return input port routes incoming return signal to the amplifier. (This port also routes forward outgoing signal to distribution cables.)

Return Test Signal Injection Point (Output Test Point). Since the forward output test point allows access to the return band, you can inject return test signals here (although you can’t measure return signal).

Return Input Diplex Filter. See “Input Diplex Filter” on page 35.

Return Input Attenuator. A 9-A-WC or 10-A-WC series plug-in attenuator is used in this position primarily for ingress isolation. (See page 132.) A “zero” attenuator is shipped in this slot for circuit continuity.

Return Input Test Point. Accessible through a cut-out in the module cover, this -20 dB resistive test point allows verification of the return signals at the input of the return hybrid. This test point is -15 dB from it’s location in the circuit, as shown in Figure 13, but also accounts for the loss through the combiner.



Return Combiner. Return signals from J2 and J3 are combined into a single feed for the return amplifier. This two-way combiner has equal (5 dB) loss in each leg.

After the Return Legs Combine

Return Amplifier. This hybrid, which amplifies the combined return signal, features an improved compression point and bit error rate (BER) for digital-loaded traffic over a discrete amplifier design.

Amplifiers are shipped with the return output equalizer and return output attenuator positions empty; you must plug both circuits in for the amplifier to work.

Return Output Equalizer. Accessible through a cut-out in the module cover, this 7-REF-WC series equalizer provides an output tilt at the return amplifier that will provide a flat input at the next return amplifier. Amplifiers are shipped with the return output equalizer position empty. Select and install the appropriate value based on the amplifier’s location in your network.

Return Output Attenuator. A 9-A-WC or 10-A-WC series attenuator reduces signal levels at the return output port (J1). Amplifiers are shipped with the “zero” return output attenuator. You may need to select and install the appropriate value based on the amplifier’s location in your network.

Return Output Test Point. This -20 dB directional coupler test point is used to measure the combined return signal as it will be sent to the return output port, J1. (Note that the test point at J1 is for forward input only; combined return signal cannot be measured at that point.)

Return Output Diplex Filter. See “Input Diplex Filter” on page 35.

Return Output Port (J1). The return output port routes outgoing return signal via the cable system back to the previous amplifier. (This port also routes incoming forward signal to the amplifier.)



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Amplifier Powering AC power may enter the housing at any of the RF ports. AC and RF separation is fixed. An AC bypass path provides high impedance to RF signals.

The amplifier’s 3-ampere power supply receives the incoming AC power and converts it into DC power.

For details on the power-director fuses, see Figure 26.



Specifications

Diamond Line 3D Amplifier With Thermal and 12.5 dB Tilt1

Notes 6-G3AD98/30-42/54-***-125 UnitsBandwidth

ForwardReturn

54–8705–42

MHzMHz

Forward Minimum Full Gain @ 870 MHz (with thermal, includes 1 dB loss from input EQ) a

a. At 25°C.

31+0.5/-0 dBForward Operating Gain @ 870 MHz(with thermal and 1 dB loss from input EQ) a 30+0.5/-0 dBReturn Operating Gain, minimum @ 40 MHz (incl. 1 dB loss from EQ) 17 dBResponse Flatness (forward and return)

Port J2Port J3

±0.5±0.75

dBdB

Return Loss (75 ohm, all ports, 5-870 MHz) 16 dBTest Points (forward and return) -20 ±0.5 dBForward Bandwidth

Referenced Output Level at 870 / 750 / 650 / 550 / 54 MHz 48 / 46.5 / 45 / 43.5 / 35.5 dBmVChannel Loading (analog, NTSC) b

b. Distortion specifications are typical for individual module performance.

112 channels 96 channels 79 channelsComposite Triple Beat, typical with thermal -59 -63 -68 dBcCross Modulation, typical with thermal -54 -57 -59 dBcComposite Second Order, typical with thermal Vc + 0.75 & 1.25 MHz only -68 -71 -73 dBc

Noise Figure, maximum (incl. 1 dB loss from EQ) 11 dBHum Modulation, typical

@ 12 amps (54-870 MHz)@ 15 amps (54-650 / 651-750 / 751- 870 MHz)

-70-63 / -57 / -53

dBcdBc

Return BandwidthDistortions at Referenced Output @ +25 °C b 6 ch + 39 dBmV flat out

Composite Triple Beat, typical -71 dBcCross Modulation, typical -66 dBcComposite Second Order, typical -81 dBc

Noise Figure (worst case, add 1 dB for EQ loss) 11 dBHum Modulation, typical

@ 12 amps (5–10 MHz / 11–42 MHz) b 65 / 70 dBc@ 15 amps (5–10 MHz / 11–42 MHz) 55 / 65 dBc

AC Bypass Current (continuous / 2 hours) 15 / 25 AAC Power Consumption (worst case, @ 1.73 ADC) 48 W


°F°C

Dimensions (length x width x height) c

c. Factors based on engineering studies of C-COR’s power supplies.

12.8 x 5.6 x 3.632.5 x 14.2 x 9.1

in.cm





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Diamond Line 3D Amplifier, Manual, and 12.5 dB Tilt1

Notes 6-G3AD98/33-42/54-***-125 UnitsBandwidth

ForwardReturn

54–8705–42

MHzMHz

Forward Minimum Full Gain @ 870 MHz (includes 1 dB loss from input EQ) a

a. At 25°C.

34+0.5/-0 dBForward Operating Gain @ 870 MHz(includes 1 dB loss from input EQ) a 33+0.5/-0 dBReturn Operating Gain, minimum @ 40 MHz (incl. 1 dB loss from EQ) 17 dBResponse Flatness (forward and return)

Port J2Port J3

±0.5±0.75

dBdB

Return Loss (75 ohm, all ports, 5-870 MHz) 16 dBTest Points (forward and return) -20 ±0.5 dBForward Bandwidth

Referenced Output Level at 870 / 750 / 650 / 550 / 54 MHz 48 / 46.5 / 45 / 43.5 / 35.5 dBmVChannel Loading (analog, NTSC) b

b. Distortion specifications are typical for individual module performance.


Noise Figure, maximum (incl. 1 dB loss from EQ) 11 dBHum Modulation, typical

@ 12 amps (54-870 MHz)@ 15 amps (54-650 / 651-750 / 751- 870 MHz)

-70-63 / -57 / -53

dBcdBc

Return BandwidthDistortions at Referenced Output @ +25 °C b 6 ch + 39 dBmV flat out

Composite Triple Beat, typical -71 dBcCross Modulation, typical -66 dBcComposite Second Order, typical -81 dBc

Noise Figure (worst case, add 1 dB for EQ loss) 11 dBHum Modulation, typical

@ 12 amps (5–10 MHz / 11–42 MHz) b 65 / 70 dBc@ 15 amps (5–10 MHz / 11–42 MHz) 55 / 65 dBc

AC Bypass Current (continuous / 2 hours) 15 / 25 AAC Power Consumption (worst case, @ 1.73 ADC) 48 W


°F°C

Dimensions (length x width x height) c

c. Factors based on engineering studies of C-COR’s power supplies.

12.8 x 5.6 x 3.632.5 x 14.2 x 9.1

in.cm




9-NH Housings 2244002 Rev B 43

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9-NH Series Amplifier Housing

About this Section

In this section, you will find the following reference information for the 9-NH series amplifier housing.

Item...................................................................................................................PageEquipment Description......................................................................................44Model Numbers ....................................................................................................46Ports and Points of Connection .....................................................................47Housing Label .........................................................................................................51Functional Description........................................................................................52Specifications ...........................................................................................................53


44 2244002 Rev B 9-NH Housings


The 9-NH housing, which holds any 6-GNA, 6-TNA, or Diamond Line series amplifier, has one input port, one main output port, and, on most models, two secondary output ports.1 These cast-in extended ports, which accept pin-type connectors, connect to trunk or distribution lines. Some models provide access through the lid to the amplifier’s RF test points.

The housing’s patented diagonal cooling fins allow for optimum heat dissipation in all mounting orientations. Models with a chromate-conversion finish protect your equipment from the harshest of environments. All RF ports use 1 GHz seizure mechanisms, which make firm connections with the connector pins and allow the housing to accept signals up to 1 GHz.

Figure 14. 9-NH Housing, Closed ViewThe 9-NH series housing holds any 6-GNA, 6-TNA, or Diamond Line series amplifier, protecting its electronics from the environment. The 9-NH housing can be mounted various ways: on a strand, in a pedestal, in a cabinet, on a wall.

1. The 6-GNA, 6-TNA, and Diamond Line series amplifiers can also be housed in 9-BH series bypass housings, which allow a field technician to maintain an RF/AC through-path while a module is removed from a station, minimizing service interruptions. See the “9-BH15 Bypass Housing Installation Guide,” document number 2240001.



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Equipment Description (Cont.)

Figure 15. 9-NH Housing, Direct AC Powering Port(Not Available when used with Diamond Line series amplifiers) AC power may enter the housing at any of the RF ports or, in PED model housings, at either of the direct AC powering ports in the housing base. (The 7-NH/PED-Direct Power Kit is required.)

Direct AC Powering Port (on PED model housings only; one on each side)

Figure 16. 9-NH Housing, RFI and Weather GasketsThe 9-NH series housing’s RFI gasket provides RF shielding, while a silicone rubber weather gasket helps protect the amplifier from the environment.

F1POWER DIRECTOR

F2

NETWORK AMPLIFIER

LPS NO.

VOLTS D/C

VOLTS A/C

LOCATION

DISTRIBUTION EQ

DISTRIBUTION ATTN

SIGNAL LEVELS

OUTPUT SPLITTER

INTERSTAGE EQ

TP4 - OUTPUT LEVEL

TP3 - OUTPUT LEVEL

TP2 - OUTPUT LEVEL

TP1 - INPUT LEVEL

CHANNEL/FREQUENCY

ALC YES

INPUT ATTN

RESPONSE EQ

INPUT EQ

SERVICE DATE

ID NO.

NO

PLUG-INS

FORWARDPILOT

MODEL

HOUSING PAT PEND.

DIRECT A/C POWER

RETURN

F4

POWERING

YES NO

F3

MADE IN U.S.A.

RFIGasket

WeatherGasket



Model Numbers

Amplifier modules can be installed rightside-up or upside-down in housings with four ports (that is, all but 2P housing models) to accommodate signal flow in either direction.

Following are some examples of 9-NH model numbers:

Figure 17. 9-NH Housing, Model NumbersThe 9-NH housings come in a variety of models to accommodate various amplifiers and applications.

9-NH _ - _ _ /_ / _ _ _ / _ _ - _ _

Network Amplifier Housing


Continuous Power Passing—15 = Optimized for 15-amp

continuous power passing*Blank = Standard housing (acceptable

for most 15-amp applications)**Based on the seizure-mechanism pin diameter.

Mounting Style—PED = Includes pedestal-

mounting & direct ACpower-entry ports

Blank = Does not include these ports

Lid Style—D = Deep lid, as required

for element management Blank = Standard lid

Finish—I = With chromate-

conversion coatingBlank = Without chromate-

conversion coating

Test Point Access—CA = Cover access to

test points (not availableon deep lid models)

Blank = No cover access to test points

Number of Ports—2P = 2 ports

(for DiamondLine 3 amps only)

Blank = 4 ports

Housing Model Options9-NH15 Optimized for 15-amp continuous power passing.

9-NH15/CA Optimized for 15-amp continuous power passing, cover access to test points.

9-NH15/I Optimized for 15-amp continuous power passing, chromate-conversion finish.

9-NH15-2P Optimized for 15-amp continuous power passing, two ports (for Diamond Line 3 amps only).

9-NHD-15 Deep lid (as required for element management), optimized for 15-amp continuous power passing.

9-NHD-15-2PDeep lid (as required for element management), optimized for 15-amp continuous power passing, two ports (for Diamond Line 3 amplifiers only).



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Ports and Points of Connection

Figure 18. 9-NH Housing, Ports & Points of ConnectionThis illustration of a 9-NH series housing with a standard lid shows the access ports and the points of connection between the housing and the amplifier module. Note that any port not in use must be terminated. Callouts are defined on the following page.

F1POWER DIRECTOR

F2

NETWORK AMPLIFIER

LPS NO.

VOLTS D/C

VOLTS A/C

LOCATION

DISTRIBUTION EQ

DISTRIBUTION ATTN

SIGNAL LEVELS

OUTPUT SPLITTER

INTERSTAGE EQ

TP4 - OUTPUT LEVEL

TP3 - OUTPUT LEVEL

TP2 - OUTPUT LEVEL

TP1 - INPUT LEVEL

CHANNEL/FREQUENCY

ALC YES

INPUT ATTN

RESPONSE EQ

INPUT EQ

SERVICE DATE

ID NO.

NO

PLUG-INS

FORWARDPILOT

MODEL

HOUSING PAT PEND.

DIRECT A/C POWER

RETURN

F4

POWERING

YES NO

F3

MADE IN U.S.A.

1. RF Port, P1

1. RF Port, P3

1. RF Port, P2

1. RF Port, P4

2. Pedestal-Mount RF Port Location, P1



4. RF Seizure Mechanism (one of four shown)

3. Direct AC Power-Entry Port (one of two)



5. Cover Access (CA) Opening for Test Points (one of four)

1. RF Port, P1

1. RF Port, P3


1. RF Port, P2

1. RF Port, P4


Right SideLeft Side




1. RF Ports: P1, P2, P3, P4 Accept an RF connector from a coaxial cable carrying signals to and from the housing. These four standard ports are for horizontal connections. On all models, ports P1 and P2 are tapped (drilled out and threaded) and have seizure mechanisms. On all but 2P models, ports P3 and P4 are also tapped and have seizure mechanisms.

2. Pedestal-Mount RF Port Locations: P1, P2, P3, P4

Available on PED housing models only. At 90° angles from the standard RF ports, these four ports are for vertical connections, allowing the 9-NH housing to be mounted in a pedestal. On all PED models, ports P1 and P2 are tapped (drilled out and threaded) and have seizure mechanisms. On all but PED-2P models, ports P3 and P4 are also tapped and have seizure mechanisms.

3. Direct AC Power-Entry Ports (two)

Available on PED housing models only. Cannot be used with Diamond Line series amplifiers only. Accept direct AC power via the 7-NH/PED-Direct Power Kit. Both ports are tapped (drilled out and threaded) for all PED models.

4. RF Seizure Mechanisms (two or four)

Route forward and return RF signals between the housing’s RF ports (standard or pedestal-mount locations) and the amplifier. On all models, ports P1 and P2 have seizure mechanisms. On all but 2P models, ports P3 and P4 also have seizure mechanisms.

5. Cover Access (CA) Openings for Test Points (four)

Available on CA housing models only. Provide access through the housing lid to the amplifier’s RF test points.



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Ports and Points of Connection (Cont.)

Figure 19. 9-NHD Housing, Ports & Points of ConnectionThis illustration of a 9-NHD series housing, which has a deep lid to accommodate element management equipment, shows the access ports and the points of connection between the housing and the amplifier module. Note that any port not in use must be terminated. Callouts are defined on the following page.

1. RF Port, P1

1. RF Port, P3


1. RF Port, P2

1. RF Port, P4


(These ports not used in Diamond Line applications.)

1. RF Port, P1

1. RF Port, P3

1. RF Port, P2

1. RF Port, P4




4. RF Seizure Mechanism (one of four shown)




(Label located here.)

Right SideLeft Side




1. RF Ports: P1, P2, P3, P4 Accept an RF connector from a coaxial cable carrying signals to and from the housing. These four standard ports are for horizontal connections. On all models, ports P1 and P2 are tapped (drilled out and threaded) and have seizure mechanisms. On all but 2P models, ports P3 and P4 are also tapped and have seizure mechanisms.

2. Pedestal-Mount RF Port Locations: P1, P2, P3, P4

Available on PED housing models only. At 90° angles from the standard RF ports, these four ports are for vertical connections, allowing the 9-NH housing to be mounted in a pedestal. On all PED models, ports P1 and P2 are tapped (drilled out and threaded) and have seizure mechanisms. On all but PED-2P models, ports P3 and P4 are also tapped and have seizure mechanisms.

3. Direct AC Power-Entry Ports (two)

Available on PED housing models only. Can be used with GNA and TNA series amplifiers only. Accept direct AC power via the 7-NH/PED-Direct Power Kit. Both ports are tapped (drilled out and threaded) for all PED models.

4. RF Seizure Mechanisms (two or four)

Route forward and return RF signals between the housing’s RF ports (standard or pedestal-mount locations) and the amplifier. On all models, ports P1 and P2 have seizure mechanisms. On all but 2P models, ports P3 and P4 also have seizure mechanisms.



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Housing Label

Figure 20. 9-NH and 9-NHD Housing, LabelsLocated inside the lid of the 9-NH housing, the label gives field technicians a handy place to record useful information about the amplifier. Deep-lid housing models use the longer, narrower label that fits inside the edge of the lid, making room for element-management equipment.

CHANNEL/FREQUENCY

TP1 - INPUT LEVEL

TP2 - OUTPUT LEVEL

TP3 - OUTPUT LEVEL

TP4 - OUTPUT LEVEL

SIGNAL LEVELS

NETWORK AMPLIFIERPLUG-INS POWERING

INPUT ATTNINPUT EQRESPONSE EQINTERSTAGE EQDISTRIBUTION ATTENDISTRIBUTION EQOUTPUT SPLITTERALC YES NO

LPS NO.

VOLTS D/CVOLTS A/C

F2POWER DIRECTOR F1

F4F3

DIRECT A/C POWERYES NO

SERVICE DATEID NO.

MODELLOCATION

FORWARD RETURNPILOT

F1POWER DIRECTOR

F2

NETWORK AMPLIFIER

LPS NO.

VOLTS D/C

VOLTS A/C

LOCATION

DISTRIBUTION EQ

DISTRIBUTION ATTN

SIGNAL LEVELS

OUTPUT SPLITTER

INTERSTAGE EQ

TP4 - OUTPUT LEVEL

TP3 - OUTPUT LEVEL

TP2 - OUTPUT LEVEL

TP1 - INPUT LEVEL

CHANNEL/FREQUENCY

ALC YES

INPUT ATTN

RESPONSE EQ

INPUT EQ

SERVICE DATE

ID NO.

NO

PLUG-INS

FORWARDPILOT

MODEL

HOUSING PAT PEND.

DIRECT A/C POWER

RETURN

F4

POWERING

YES NO

F3

MADE IN U.S.A.

1. Amplifier Identification

2. Plug-In Values

3. Line PoweringInformation

4. Test PointSignal Levels

1. Amplifier Identification

2. Plug-In Values 3. Line PoweringInformation

Label Used in 9-NH Housing (with standard lid)

4. Test Point Signal Levels

Label Used in 9-NHD Housing (with deep lid)

Label Section Description

1. Amplifier Identification Used for recording the station’s installation or service date, ID number, model number, and location.

2. Plug-In Values Used for recording the values for any plug-ins used.3. Line Powering Information Used for recording the line power supply number, AC and DC voltages,

whether or not direct AC powering (with GNA or TNA only) is installed, and power director (fuse) information.

4. Test Point Signal Levels Used for recording the channels/frequencies you’re testing, and the levels for each channel at each relevant test point.




See Figure 18 or Figure 19 for port locations.

Forward input usually enters the 9-NH housing at port P1. The port’s seizure mechanism routes the signal to the amplifier, which directs the signal to as many as three output ports (P2, P3, and/or P4) via the corresponding RF seizure mechanisms.

Return input enters at ports P2, P3, and/or P4. The seizure mechanisms for these ports route the signal to the amplifier, which combines the signals then directs the combined signal to port P1 via the corresponding RF seizure mechanism for transmission back to the headend.

Housings with PED in the model name come with four standard RF ports and four side-entry ports at 90° to those ports to allow for vertical or horizontal cable orientation. Both groups of ports access the same seizure mechanisms.

AC power may enter the housing at any of the RF ports or, in PED model housings used with GNA or TNA series amplifiers, at either local AC powering port in the housing base (7-NH/PED-Direct Power Kit required). Diamond Line amplifiers cannot use the direct power option. The amplifier’s power supply converts the AC power into DC power.



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Specifications

Notes 9-NHD Housing(with deep lid)

9-NH Housing(with standard lid) Units

Bandwidth 5–1000 5–1000 MHzMechanical

Length a

a. Outermost dimensions of closed housing.

15.0 (38.1) 15.0 (38.1) in. (cm)Height a 8.9 (22.6) 8.9 (22.6) in. (cm)Depth a 8.9 (22.6) 5.3 (13.5) in. (cm)Weight 12.8 (5.8) 11.1 (5.0) lb (kg)

RF PortsNumber b

b. Housings with PED in the model name come with four standard RF ports and four side-entry ports at 90° to standard ports.Choose orientation required by your installation. Terminate the four unused RF ports. (AC power may enter the housing at any ofthe RF ports or, in PED model housings, at either of the direct AC powering ports in the housing base.)

4 standard 4 standardSize 5/8" x 24-thread 5/8" x 24-thread

RF ConnectionsCenter Conductor Maximum Diameter 0.14 (0.36) 0.14 (0.36) in. (cm)Center Conductor Length c

c. Measured from connector’s O-ring seat to pin tip.

1.60 (4.1) 1.60 (4.1) in. (cm)Final Torque

Lid Bolts 40–50 (4.5–5.7) 40–50 (4.5–5.7) in.-lb (N•m)Test Port Plugs (CA models only) 30–40 (3.4–4.5) 30–40 (3.4–4.5) in.-lb (N•m)Center Conductor Cable Seizure Screws 14–17 (1.6–1.9) 14–17 (1.6–1.9) in.-lb (N•m)

Ambient Operating Temperature -40 to 140-40 to +60

-40 to 140-40 to +60

°F°C

Electrical (RF seizure mechanisms)Return Loss (minimum) 26 26 dBInsertion Loss (maximum) 0.3 0.3 dB

All specifications are subject to change without notice.


Installing the Amplifier 2244002 Rev B 55

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Installing a Diamond Line Series Amplifier

About this Section

In this section, you will find the following installation procedures:

Item...................................................................................................................PageWhat It Means To Install a Diamond Line 3 Series Amplifier....57Installing the Designed Equalizers and Attenuators.........................58Installing the Fuses ...............................................................................................59Terminating Ports ..................................................................................................60Installing the Housing in the Field ...............................................................61Opening the Housing .........................................................................................65Installing the Amplifier into the Housing .................................................66Closing the Housing.............................................................................................68


56 2244002 Rev B Installing the Amplifier



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What It Means To Install a Diamond Line 3 Series Amplifier

Installing a Diamond Line 3 amplifier includes installing the designed plug-ins and fuses into the amplifier module, then installing the module into a 9-NH or 9-BH series housing in the field.

Before You Begin

Before you begin installing the Diamond Line 3 amplifiers, review the system design maps, design calculations, and bills of material for the following information:

• cable and passive losses preceding the amplifier location• required gain of the amplifier• ALSC requirements• operating levels• system operating tilt• output port(s) used

Items Needed

You will need the following items to install the Diamond Line 3 amplifiers:

• 1/2" nut driver• torque wrench• TORX screwdriver with bits in a variety of sizes• alignment tool• needle-nose pliers• all necessary plug-in circuits in an assortment of values, per

system design



Installing the Designed Equalizers and Attenuators

To install the 7-2E-WC and 7-REF-WC equalizers and 9-A-WC and 10-A-WC series attenuators as specified in the system design (or according to the formulas given in the Appendix), follow these steps:

For plug-in locations in Diamond Line 3A, 3T, and 3D amplifiers, see Figure 6 on page 14. For plug-in locations in Diamond Line 3D amplifiers, see Figure 12 on page 32.

1. Install the user-changeable equalizers and attenuators. If factory-installed jumpers or zero-value circuits are installed in these positions, remove them as you go.

In some locations, the system design may call for reduced output at specific ports. Change the values of the corresponding output attenuators accordingly.

Because the system design is normally based on the same gain at each amplifier station, you will normally install the same value interstage attenuator in all amplifiers in the system.

2. Verify that the amplifier gain (per amplifier specifications) matches the designed gain. If the gains don’t match, use an interstage attenuator. (Interstage attenuators reduce the signal between amplifier stages to minimize the effect on carrier-to-noise, allowing you to customize the amplifier gain to match your system’s designed gain.)

To find the value, use this formula:

You have now installed the attenuators and equalizers. Keep in mind that field conditions often vary from the worst case conditions used in system design. You may need to change the values of some of the plug-ins during setup.

interstage attenuator

value=

operating gain (from amplifier specifications)

–designed gain (system-wide)



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Installing the Fuses

Before you plug the amplifier module into the housing, install the fuses as follows:

1. Determine from the system design which legs should have power applied.

2. Install fuses in the corresponding locations. (See Figure 21.)

WARNINGPower may be applied to the RF amplifier housings. Before inserting amplifiers into housings, make sure the proper fuses are installed only in the port positions where power is to be directed.

Figure 21. Fuse Locations in the Diamond Line 3D Amplifier ShownDiamond Line 3 amplifiers (Diamond Line 3D shown here) offer flexible power routing through 25-amp automotive-style fuses, also called power directors: F1, F2, and F3. The fuses’ main function is to direct power to the appropriate legs.

PORT 2

835623-2

CURRENT

SENSOR

PORT 3

OUTPUT

ATTENUATOR

F1 for port 1 F3 for port 3

F2 for port 2



Terminating Ports

For plug-in locations in Diamond Line 3A, 3T, and 3D amplifiers, see Figure 6 on page 14. For plug-in locations in Diamond Line 3D amplifiers, see Figure 12 on page 32.

To prevent ingress and reflection-induced ringing, which can alter readings during setup, you should terminate all unused ports. You can terminate these ports in two ways:

• You may install line terminators in the output ports to terminate them externally.

• Or, install a 9-A-TERM 75-ohm plug-in terminator in the return input attenuator position of any leg not being used for return signal.

Note: If you terminate the ports with plug-in terminators, you will also need to install port plugs in the unused ports.



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Installing the Housing in the Field

The Diamond Line 3 series amplifier may be installed in either a 9-NH series network amplifier housing or a 9-BH series bypass housing. Both housings are available in standard types for mounting on an aerial support strand and pedestal types for mounting inside a pedestal or similar enclosure. Figure 22 shows port locations on a 9-NH housing.

You should mount the amplifier’s 9-NH or 9-BH series housing in the field, and then install the amplifier into the housing.

The following instructions are for installing a 9-NH housing in the field. For information about installing the 9-BH series housing, see 9-BH Bypass Housing Installation Guide, document number 2240001.



Figure 22. 9-NH Housing, Ports & Points of ConnectionThis illustration shows the access ports and the points of connection between the 9-NH housing and the amplifier module.

RF Port, P1

RF Port, P3

RF Port, P2

RF Port, P4

Pedestal-Mount RF Port Location, P1



RF Seizure Mechanism (one of four shown)

Direct AC Power-Entry Port (one of two)

Direct AC Power-Entry Port (one of two)


RF Port, P1

RF Port, P3

RF Port, P2

RF Port, P4

Right SideLeft Side

Threaded Holes for Pedestal Mounting



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1. Install the housing in the desired location and orientation.

a. Mount a standard housing horizontally on the strand. You will need a 5/16-inch nut driver to tighten the strand clamp screws. For torque specifications, see “Specifications” on page 53.

b. Mount a PED model housing vertically or horizontally in a pedestal or similar enclosure. Use two 5/16”-18 thread x 1/2-inch long bolts, in the locations shown in Figure 22, to secure the housing to the pedestal. For torque specifications, see “Specifications” on page 53.

Note: Pedestal-mount ports are inaccessible in strand-mount applications. See Figure 22.

2. Open the housing according the procedure in “Opening the Housing” on page 65.

3. Remove the threaded port plugs as required.

4. Use a 5/16-inch nut driver to loosen (but do not remove) the input and output seizure screws.

5. Insert pin connectors into the required input and output ports. The pin connectors should meet the following specifications:

a. Center conductor maximum diameter: 0.14 inch (0.36 cm).

b. Center conductor length: 1.6 inch (4.1 cm).

6. Using a torque wrench, tighten the pin connectors into the housing port to the torque specified by the pin connector’s manufacturer.



7. Use a 5/16-inch torque wrench to tighten the seizure screws. For torque specifications, see “Specifications” on page 53.

8. Terminate all unused RF ports. See “Terminating Ports” on page 60 for more information.

9. Prepare (cut and core) coaxial cable.

10. Slide the shrink boot over the coaxial cable.

11. Slide the back nut(s) of the connector onto the coaxial cable.

12. Insert cable into the pin connector.

13. Tighten the back nut(s) according to the manufacturer’s specifications.

14. Position and seal the shrink boot.

You have completed this procedure. Proceed to “Opening the Housing” on page 65.



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Opening the Housing

To open a 9-NH or 9-BH series housing that has already been installed in the field, follow these steps:

1. Use a 1/2" nut driver to partially loosen all housing bolts in the order shown in Figure 23. If you loosen the bolts fully in this first round, the last bolt will be hard to turn.

2. Fully loosen the bolts in the same order.

3. Open the housing.

Figure 23. Loosening the Housing BoltsLoosening the housing bolts in this order, in two rounds, relieves the pressure on the bolts and gaskets evenly. (9-NH housing shown.)



Installing the Amplifier into the Housing

DANGEROUS VOLTAGEInstalling the amplifier module into the housing exposes you to potentially high voltages and should be performed only by qualified technicians experienced with cable and/or telephony technologies. Users new to cable and/or telephony technologies and procedures should not rely on this manual for comprehensive guidance.

To install a Diamond Line series amplifier module into the open housing, follow these steps:

1. Make sure the correct plug-in circuits and fuses are in place in the amplifier module. (See pages 14 and 32.)

2. Orient the amplifier module appropriately. (Modules can be installed rightside-up or upside-down in a four-port housing to accommodate signal flow in either direction.)

Figure 24. Tightening the Amplifier ScrewsTightening the amplifier screws in the proper order, and to the proper torque, ensures that the module is properly seated.

PORT 2

835623-2

CURRENT

SENSOR

PORT 3

OUTPUT

ATTENUATOR

Two center screwstightened first.

Four corner screwstightened last.



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3. Press the module firmly into the four housing connectors. First tighten the two center screws to 15 in-lb (1.7 N•m), then tighten the four corner screws to the same torque. Verify that the two center screws are still at the proper torque in case they have relaxed.

4. Verify that the input power to the housing is near what the design requires.

Proceed to “Closing the Housing” on page 68 or “Setting up the Forward Cascade” on page 69.



Closing the Housing

To close the 9-NH or 9-BH housing, follow these steps:

1. Make sure that the housing is free of moisture and dirt.

2. Make sure that the rubber weather gasket is firmly seated in its groove on the housing lid. The gasket should appear uniform, with no wrinkles or bulges. The edge of the rubber weather gasket that will seal against the housing base should point straight out. If the weather gasket has been disturbed, reposition it.

3. Close the housing. If there are modules in the housing lid, make sure the cables connecting them to the amplifier module in the base fold over without kinking.

4. Tighten the bolts just enough to make contact with the lid, following the sequence shown in Figure 25.

5. In the same sequence, tighten the bolts to a torque of 40-50 in.-lb (4.5–5.7 N•m).

6. Repeat step 5 to make sure the bolts are still at the proper torque in case they have relaxed.

Figure 25. Tightening the Housing BoltsTightening the housing bolts in this order, in several rounds, assures that the gaskets stay seated and the torque is correct. (9-NH housing shown.)


Forward Setup 2244002 Rev B 69

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Setting up the Forward Cascade

About this Section

In this section, you will find procedures to help you set up the forward cascade:

Item...................................................................................................................PageWhat It Means to Set Up a Forward Cascade ...................................71Before You Start.....................................................................................................72Items Needed .........................................................................................................73Setting Up the Cascade....................................................................................74Preparing the Amplifier for Initial Setup ..................................................75Checking AC Power..............................................................................................76Checking the Input Levels ................................................................................77Checking the Input Equalizer.........................................................................78Checking the Input Attenuator......................................................................79Setting Up the ALSC ...........................................................................................80Checking Secondary Output Levels (Diamond Line 3D Amplifiers

Only) ....................................................................................................................81


70 2244002 Rev B Forward Setup



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What It Means to Set Up a Forward Cascade

When you set up a forward amplifier cascade, you make sure that each amplifier’s actual input and output levels match those prescribed by the system design. The main idea is to achieve the desired output while maintaining a flat and constant input—in other words, to achieve unity gain. Unity gain means that each amplifier’s gain equals and negates the losses preceding the amplifier (cable and passives). When unity gain is achieved, all amplifiers are operating at maximum efficiency for best distortions and picture quality.

When a system fails to meet the required peak-to-valley response, it could be due to attenuators and equalizers that were chosen incorrectly, procedures that were performed improperly, cascaded amplifier signatures, or system imperfections. Follow the procedures in this document carefully to avoid unnecessary future visits to the node or cascade.

Setting up an amplifier is based on measurements made at the band edges, the defined low-end and high-end frequencies. First you adjust the amplifier output tilt, if necessary, by changing the input equalizer. Then you adjust the signal levels at the defined high-end frequency, if necessary, by changing the input attenuator.

In general, once a system is installed, you set it up (or balance it) as described in this chapter. Then, since the setup procedure does not reveal potential cable problem areas, you may sweep the system, as described in the chapter “Checking the Forward Sweep Response,” starting on page 99.

DANGEROUS VOLTAGESetting up the forward cascade exposes you to potentially high voltages and should be performed only by qualified technicians experienced with cable and/or telephony technologies. Users new to cable and/or telephony technologies and procedures should not rely on this manual for comprehensive guidance.



Before You Start

Before you start the setup procedure, do the following:

• Read this entire manual to be familiar with the Diamond Line series amplifiers and the procedures.

• From the system design specifications, determine the following:

a. the main and secondary output levels for each amplifier at the lowest and highest channels,

b. the expected input level at the lowest and highest channels, and

c. the frequency points—unscrambled carriers—where you will set and measure those levels. (See “Amplifier Data Log” on page 134 and “Broadband Level and Slope Chart” on page 135.)

• Review the loss of cable and passives preceding each amplifier location.

• Review the ALSC requirements for each amplifier.

• Review the output ports used for each amplifier.

• Verify the accuracy of the signals originating from the headend or fiber optic node. (This may be as simple as making a phone call to the headend.)

• Survey the physical plant to confirm that the network has been constructed according to the system design.

• Make sure all amplifiers are properly installed in their cascades. (See “Installing a Diamond Line Series Amplifier,” starting on page 55.)

IMPORTANTWhen setting up an amplifier, the succeeding amplifier must be installed, including an input attenuator and input equalizer, to provide proper termination for the amplifier you are setting up. If there is no succeeding amplifier, the amplifier or distribution line must be terminated in 75 ohms.



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Items Needed

You need the following items to set up a forward amplifier cascade:

• the system design

Amplifier setup requires test equipment that accurately measures signal levels at frequencies up to 870 MHz.

• a field signal-level meter or spectrum analyzer for measuring system RF levels with associated cables

• needle-nose pliers for installing or pulling any non-WC (with cover) plug-ins

• a 1/2" nut driver, torque wrench, and a TORX screwdriver with bits in a variety of sizes

• a socket-type (female) G or F push-on fitting

• pen or pencil for recording data on the label inside the housing lid

• a small, nonconducting alignment tool

• 9-A-WC or 10-A-WC series attenuators in an assortment of values

• 7-2E-WC series equalizers in an assortment of values



Setting Up the Cascade

When your measurements vary slightly from designed levels, you may need to make minor changes to the plug-ins. If the measurements vary significantly from the designed levels, you may need to investigate a system problem.

Because field conditions may not match design assumptions, setting up each amplifier in cascade is essential to ensure that the system works properly. Perform this entire set of procedures, in the sequence documented, at the first amplifier in a cascade, then proceed downstream through the rest of the amplifiers. Repeat for each cascade in your system. Once an amplifier is in service, you may perform individual procedures as needed.

Remember to account for the 20 dB loss of the RF test points. That is, test point measurements are 20 dB lower than the actual levels, so you need to add 20 dB to any test point measurement to calculate the true level.

Also remember that all field verification must be done with the amplifier set in manual mode (ALSC off).

As you go, record information on the housing labels and/or on paper (see page 134), as required by your system.

IMPORTANTOnce the attenuator, equalizer, and gain controls have been properly set, you shouldn’t need to readjust the amplifier unless the plant or design changes. If loss of level occurs, find and address the problem creating this differential.



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Preparing the Amplifier for Initial Setup

To prepare the amplifier for setup the first time, follow these steps:

1. Open the 9-NH or 9-BH series housing. (See page 65.)

For input equalizer and input attenuator locations in Diamond Line 3A, 3T, and 3M amplifiers, see Figure 6 on page 14. For Diamond Line 3D amplifiers, see Figure 12 on page 32.

2. Verify that the design-specified input equalizer and input attenuator are installed in the amplifier you are setting up. If any components other than the design-specified plug-ins are in these positions, remove them and install the designed plug-ins.

Proceed to “Checking AC Power” on page 76.



Checking AC Power

To check the AC power, follow these steps:

1. Make sure that the appropriate fuses are installed. (See page 59.)

2. Check the AC voltage at both test points of each fuse to verify AC continuity. (See Figure 26.) If there’s no AC at one of the test points, the fuse is probably blown; replace it and recheck for AC continuity.

Proceed to “Checking the Input Levels” on page 77.

Figure 26. Fuse Test PointsEach power-director fuse has two test points. The test point closest to the edge of the amplifier cover is connected to the nearest port. The test point closest to the center of the amplifier cover passes AC power within the station.

PORT 2

835623-2

CURRENT

SENSOR

PORT 3

OUTPUT

ATTENUATOR

Voltage must be present at both test points of each installed fuse.



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Checking the Input Levels

To check the input levels, follow these steps:

1. If the amplifier has ALSC, turn it off.

2. Connect the signal-level meter to the amplifier’s input test point.

3. Measure the input levels. Verify that they are near the designed levels for this location. If not, check the network for possible problems.

Proceed to “Checking the Input Equalizer” on page 78.



Checking the Input Equalizer

To check whether the installed input equalizer is correct for the amplifier’s actual operating environment, follow these steps:1

1. Connect the signal-level meter to the amplifier’s main output test point (TP2).

2. Measure the output levels at the defined low-end and high-end frequencies. Calculate the difference between these levels. If the difference varies significantly from the system design, check the network for possible problems.

3. Compare the amplifier’s main output measurements with the system design specifications. If the output tilt does not match the system design specifications (within the accuracy of the equipment), replace the input equalizer to adjust the tilt response as follows:

• For all Diamond Line 3 amplifiers, set to distribution levels, adjust the tilt for greater than or equal to the desired tilt. DO NOT SET FOR LESS THAN THIS TILT.

Proceed to “Checking the Input Attenuator” on page 79.

1. If there is not enough loss in the high-channel forward path, as may occur when amplifiers are close together, the system design may call for a 7-2E/C-WC series cable simulator in the input equalizer position. These cable simulators are available in 1 dB steps from 1 to 12 dB. For example, 7-2E750/C6L-WC is a 6-dB cable simulator.



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Checking the Input Attenuator

To check whether the installed input attenuator is correct for the amplifier’s actual operating environment, follow these steps.

1. Make sure you have checked the input equalizer. (See page 78.)

2. Compare the amplifier’s main output measurements with the system design specifications, offsetting for temperature (see page 136). If the output RF level at the high-frequency point does not match the system design specifications (within the accuracy of the equipment), replace the input attenuator to obtain the nearest specified output level at the high-frequency point. DO NOT EXCEED THE SPECIFIED OUTPUT RF LEVEL.

If using ALSC, proceed to “Setting Up the ALSC” on page 80.

If not using ALSC, proceed to “Checking Secondary Output Levels (Diamond Line 3D Amplifiers Only)” on page 81.



Setting Up the ALSC If you are using automatic level slope control (ALSC), this procedure helps you set it up to compensate for the effects of temperature on the cable span preceding the amplifier.

1. Make sure you have checked the input equalizer (see page 78) and input attenuator (see page 79).

2. Switch the ALSC control to ON.

3. Measure the defined high-end frequency.

With ALSC on, you do not adjust for temperature offset.

4. Adjust the ALSC GAIN control to achieve the specified output at that high-end frequency. (The ALSC GAIN control may require several turns to effect a change.)

Proceed to “Checking Secondary Output Levels (Diamond Line 3D Amplifiers Only)” on page 81.



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Checking Secondary Output Levels (Diamond Line 3D Amplifiers Only)

To check the levels at the secondary output port, if used, follow these steps:

1. Measure the RF output level at the secondary output. This level should match the design (within the equipment tolerance). If not, look for and remedy the cause.

2. Close the housing if you are ready to do so. (See page 68.)

You are now ready to set up the next amplifier in the forward cascade. Repeat this procedure until all of the amplifiers have been set up.

If you prefer, you may perform the return setup procedure on this amplifier. Proceed to “Setting up the RF Return System” on page 83.


Return Setup 2244002 Rev B 83

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Setting up the RF Return System

About this Section

In this section, you will find procedures to help you set up the RF return path.

Item...................................................................................................................PageWhat It Means to Set Up a Return System .........................................85

Basic Return-System Concepts ............................................................86About the Headend-Out Return Setup Method........................87

Before You Start.....................................................................................................89Test Equipment Needed...................................................................................90Tools Needed...........................................................................................................90Setting Up an Optical Node (Diamond™Marquise).......................91

How to Set Up a Node............................................................................92Setting Up the RF Return Plant (Diamond Line Amplifiers) ........95

How to Set Up the RF Plant .................................................................96


84 2244002 Rev B Return Setup



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What It Means to Set Up a Return System

The purpose of setting up, or aligning, a return system is the same as in the forward path: to establish unity gain from one station to another. In the return path unity gain means that the loss of one amplifier spacing, plus the loss of the passive devices in that spacing, equals the gain of the station feeding that spacing.

We accomplish unity gain in the return direction by feeding the return input of a station with a return test signal and adjusting the gain and slope of that station so that the return test levels at the next station match the input levels at the original station. Again, the gain of the station connected to the test signals is adjusted to be equal to the loss of the cable in the amplifier spacing upstream of it.

To set up a hybrid fiber/coaxial (HFC) return system, you use two procedures: one for the optical nodes, another for the RF amplifiers.

DANGEROUS VOLTAGEThe return setup procedure exposes you to potentially high voltages and should be performed only by qualified technicians experienced with cable and/or telephony technologies. Users new to cable and/or telephony technologies and procedures should not rely on this manual for comprehensive guidance.



Basic Return-System Concepts

When setting up or designing a return system containing a headend, nodes, and RF amplifiers, you’ll need to understand the following return system concepts.

• Most terminal subscriber devices (such as converters, modems, and telephony devices) have a maximum output capability of +50 to 55 dBmV. This digital output level is one of the most restrictive items when designing a cable plant.

• Tap values are 26 dB or 29 dB (maximum), although higher values may be found in older designs.

• The input to the station is not the same as the input to the actual return amplifier elements. There are internal or embedded losses within the station as the signal travels to the return amplifier elements.

• In the Figure 27 example, the worst-case subscriber drop loss is 6 dB.

• In the Figure 27 example, levels to the station are +18 dBmV.

Figure 27. Typical Return-Band Insertion Loss In this example, the optical node is feeding a station (amplifier location) connected to a directional coupler or tap (one drop shown). The total drop loss is 6 dB (200-foot drop, one 2-way split).

Opticalnode

+18 dBmV

+44 dBmV

26 dB Tap

Modem signal out+50 dBmV

Total drop loss = 6 dB (200-foot drop, one 2-way split)

Amplifier



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About the Headend-Out Return Setup Method

This chapter documents the headend-out method of setting up a return system, where you begin at stations nearest the headend and work out toward the subscribers. (The subscriber-in method is not covered here.) Following are some requirements of the headend-out method:

Once the reference is set, one person can set up the RF cascade.

• Two people to set the reference level.The headend-out method requires two people to set the headend reference level. One adjusts the return receiver output levels at the headend; the other sets up the return transmitter at the node. They communicate via cellular phones or mobile radios.

• Accurate signal injection up to +50 dBmV.You will need to inject carriers or a sweep at known, calibrated levels into various points in the system during setup. You will need to produce return bandwidth signal levels of up to +50 dBmV. Operators choose the exact frequencies to use. C-COR recommends a lower carrier at 10–12 MHz and an upper carrier at 35–40 MHz.

Using a sweep system to set up the node will not allow you to read the test signal at the return transmitter test point.

• Accurate measurement within node & at headend receiver.For node setup, you need to inject two carriers of a known level at a point inside the node, and to accurately measure the level of the injected carriers at another point inside the node. You also need to accurately measure the level of the recovered carriers at the optical receiver in the headend.

• Ability to view the signal received at headend while adjusting the RF amplifiers.When setting up the return plant, the person located at the RF amplifier station must be able to view the signal being received at the headend (that is, two or more discrete carriers, or recovered sweep).

Regardless of the equipment used, display the results at ≤2 dB/division. Although many new test sets show numerical levels on screen, viewing results at 5 or 10 dB/division makes it difficult to accurately set responses and levels.

When using a sweep system, advanced equipment facilitates the viewing in an automated fashion. A headend unit receives return signals and turns the signals into an image that is sent out over the forward system. The test unit used in the field injects the test carriers and deciphers the response data to provide a spectral display.

You could also use a TV camera at the headend, viewing a spectrum analyzer screen and sending a picture of the screen out over an unused forward channel. In the field, a small TV monitor displays the spectrum analyzer screen.



Why We Recommend Digital-Level Carriers

C-COR recommends using digital-level carriers as a reference, not video levels, when performing return system setup and alignment. We recommend that the return system alignment be performed using two test carriers equal to the modem RF levels. The examples in this chapter for injecting signals all use digital-level carriers, which are typically set 10 dB lower than video-level carriers.

Systems that use video in the return would operate the video at a higher RF level than the modem levels. If video levels are used as the test levels, saturation of devices in the return path (primarily the return laser) could occur in a fully loaded system, shutting down an operational return path. Since we’re adjusting for unity gain, using carriers at a reduced level during setup will provide the same setup results as using carriers at video levels without the risk of clipping the return transmitter.

If using a multicarrier generator with more than two video-level carriers, be sure to reduce the injected levels of the carriers. For example, to use five carriers instead of two, reduce the stated input level by 10LOG 5/2, which is about 4 dB.



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Before You Start

Before you start the return setup procedure, do the following:

• Read this entire manual to be familiar with the Diamond Line series amplifiers and the procedures.

• Obtain the required output digital carrier level from the optical receivers in the headend from a systems designer or the person in charge of organizing the headend. You’ll use this information when setting up the optical node.

• Determine the longest return optical link.



Test Equipment Needed

You will need the following test equipment to set up the return system:

• a spectrum analyzer

• a return signal generator capable of generating two RF carriers within the return bandwidth

• equipment to view the return path signals in the headend from the field:— a video camera and a dedicated modulator in the

forward path of an RF return system OR

— a sweep system to set up the coaxial portion of thereturn plant

Tools Needed

You will need the following tools to set up the return system:

• 1/2-inch nut driver for opening the station housing

• a small screwdriver for adjusting the level-adjust potentiometer on the return transmitter

• needle-nose pliers for installing and pulling attenuators and equalizers, if not using WC (with cover) plug-ins

• SMB adapter cable (C-COR P/N 7200204) for setting the drive level, which is labeled “RF Drive Level Adj.” on return transmitters

• connectors and cables

• an assortment of 9-A-WC or 10-A-WC plug-in attenuators (for return output and return input) and 7-REF-WC plug-in equalizers (for return output)



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Setting Up an Optical Node (Diamond™Marquise)

Since this manual can’t cover all amplifiers that might be installed in a node, as an example we’ll use a C-COR Diamond Marquise node, which uses a DNA series node amplifier module, This section first describes how return signal flows through a node consisting of a C-COR 6-DNA498 node amplifier with an NRT series return transmitter. (See below.) It then tells how to set up such a node. (See page 92.)

How Return Signal Flows Through the Node

Return signals enter an optical node through any of its return input ports. Next, the NRIC combiner board, located under the amplifier module’s cover, combines the return inputs into one signal. (See Figure 28, block A.)

Various configurations are possible; see the “Optical Station Overview” chapter in the “Diamond™Net Optical Station Reference Manual,” document 2272061.

The combined signal is sent via a flexible cable to the NRIA interconnection board, mounted inside the optical lid. The NRIA board splits the return signal into two equal outputs, which can be used to drive two NRT transmitters.

Two additional inputs are coupled into the signals at the NRIA board, allowing injection of local carriers and/or injection of element-management signals (at the FOTO input).

Figure 28. Diamond Marquise Optical Node Return PathThe node shown here includes a 6-DNA498 amplifier and an NRT series return transmitter.



How to Set Up a Node

WARNINGWhen powered, optical transmitters generate invisible, high-energy laser beams. Even when the transmitter is not powered, laser beams may be present in the incoming cable. Although you can’t see them, these beams can cause tissue injury, including permanent eye damage. Whenever the optical cable is disconnected from the receiver or patch panel, avoid direct contact with the end of the cable. Be absolutely certain the optical equipment at both ends of the cable is off before performing any procedures.

The headend return optical receiver on the longest fiber link will most likely provide the lowest maximum gain output level. Keep this in mind to avoid creating a situation where an optical receiver cannot produce as much output level as others in the system. All other receivers should be able to produce at least as much output level as the one on the longest link.

To set up an optical node (with one person at the headend to adjust the return receiver output levels, and one person in the field to set up the return transmitter at the node), follow these steps, beginning with the longest optical link.

1. Make sure all of the DNA node amplifier’s four coaxial cable ports are either used for return signals or terminated. Allowing one or more of the DNA’s four return inputs to remain open (not terminated) during setup can produce reflection-induced ringing, which can alter readings during setup.

2. Verify that the return portion of the DNA is connected properly. (See the “NRIK Return Interface Kit” chapter in the “Diamond™Net Optical Station Reference Manual,” document 2272061.)

IMPORTANTWhen using only one return output, make sure the NRIA board’s second RF output jack, J2, is terminated. (Termination is not necessary in the case of unused return injection jacks, J4 and J5.)



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C-COR recommends using digital-level carriers to set up the return path. The levels used in this document represent a typical setup. The specific levels in your system may vary.

3. Inject two carriers at a level 34 dB greater than the desired input to the NRT into the DNA’s four -20 dB FORWARD test points. This accounts for the -20 dB test point and a total of 14 dB of embedded losses within the DNA module and the NRIA board.

For example, if you inject two carriers at +39 dBmV into any of the DNA’s four test points, the resulting input to the NRT is 5 dBmV. This would be the midrange point for drive-level adjustment for digital-level carriers.

4. With two carriers, each at +39 dBmV, injected at one of the DNA’s four FORWARD test points, monitor the NRT’s RF drive-level test point, and adjust the NRT RF drive-level-adjust potentiometer to achieve 10 dB below the signal level printed on the sticker attached to the NRT. (The sticker level indicates video-level carriers; digital levels are typically 10 dB below video levels.) This sets the laser to its proper operating conditions.

5. Leave two carriers injected at one of the DNA’s FORWARD -20 dB test points. The laser transmitter portion of the optical station is now configured properly.

6. Have an operator at the headend measure received optical power and verify that the optical link is performing properly. Then have the operator measure the levels of the two carriers recovered at the output of the optical receiver in the headend.

7. Have the headend operator set the optical receiver output level to the chosen value. (Optical receiver output level is chosen by the system operator ; optical receivers are usually, but not always, adjusted to provide the same output level.) This level becomes the return path setup reference level.

You have now aligned the entire optical path.

8. As a check, remove a signal that was injected into the DNA at one of its forward output test points. (We recommend starting at TP1FWD.) Then inject a signal at each of the remaining forward output test points (TP2FWD, TP3FWD, TP4FWD). You should still recover proper levels back at the headend, subject to the test-point flatness specifications for the DNA unit.



How to Set Up a Node (Cont.)

9. If convenient, turn on a sweep to obtain a full spectrum view to check flatness (peak to peak) response over the full bandwidth. Follow the test procedure published by the manufacturer of the sweep gear.

10. Note the level recovered at the receiver in the headend for future use. This is the setup reference level, which will be used in one of the following ways:

Whichever instrument you’re using, we strongly recommend that a screen display not exceed 2 dB/division. Displays of 5 or 10 dB/division make it virtually impossible to align to a chosen reference with any degree of accuracy.

• If you are using a return sweep system, now is the time to “normalize” or “set reference.” This means instructing the sending unit in the headend to store the present setup and use it as reference. Now may also be the time to calibrate the companion field unit. The test gear operating instructions largely dictate the specific setup.

• If you are using a spectrum analyzer at the headend, the unit should be set up with its screen marked for the proper reference level. Use a video camera to send a picture of the spectrum analyzer screen out over an unused forward channel. In this way, a field operator can tell when proper level is achieved by watching the picture on a remote TV.

At this point, the optical node is properly set up such that, when its DNA return inputs are presented with a digital-level carrier at the proper level, you will obtain the proper digital output level from the optical receiver in the headend. All DNA nodes are set up in this way.

The RF plant setup now requires you to simply configure each amplifier so that it produces the desired output level seen at the headend. Doing this inherently means that the optical node is presented with its proper input levels.

Proceed to “Setting Up the RF Return Plant (Diamond Line Amplifiers)” on page 95.



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Setting Up the RF Return Plant (Diamond Line Amplifiers)

This section first gives some important reminders about setting up the return plant (below). It then gives the setup procedure (on page 96).

Points to Remember for the Headend-Out Setup Method

Please review the following points before you start setting up the return plant. (See also “About the Headend-Out Return Setup Method” on page 87.)

• Before you set up the RF return plant, you must set up the optical node fed by the RF return equipment. See “Setting Up an Optical Node (Diamond™Marquise)” on page 91.

• Before you set up a given amplifier, you must set up all amplifiers located upstream from it (between the amplifier and the optical node or headend).



How to Set Up the RF Plant

To set up the Diamond Line amplifiers downstream from an optical node, follow these steps. Begin at a station that feeds an optical node (or feeds the headend directly), and work outward in the system, toward subscribers.

1. Verify that any unused return legs are terminated. (See “Terminating Ports” on page 60.)

2. Choose an RF leg to begin setup.

3. Accurately calibrate the output level of the carriers or sweep signal you’ll be injecting in step 4.

These injected levels are examples; use whatever levels apply for your system.

4. For Diamond Line 3D amplifiers, inject two carriers or return sweep at +27 dB greater than the desired return amplifier input, allowing for the -20 dB test point and 7 dB of embedded losses.1 For example, injecting two carriers into the forward test point at 37 dBmV corresponds to +17 dBmV at the station’s return input and 10 dBmV at the return amplifier input.

For Diamond Line 3A, 3T, and 3M amplifiers, inject two carriers or return sweep at +22 dB greater than the desired return amplifier input, allowing for the -20 dB test point and 2 dB of embedded losses.1 For example, injecting two carriers into the forward test point at 32 dBmV corresponds to +12 dBmV at the station’s return input and 10 dBmV at the return amplifier input.

5. View the signal received at the headend. If using sweep equipment, obtain an automated spectral display of the return spectrum. If using a remote TV set, view a picture of a headend spectrum analyzer sent out on an unused channel in the forward system.

For plug-in locations in Diamond Line 3 amplifiers, see

6. If the tilt at the headend doesn’t match the established reference (on the display), replace the 7-REF-WC return output equalizer until the tilt matches.

1. Diamond Line 3D amplifiers have 7 dB of embedded losses, including combining losses. Diamond Line 3A, T, and M amplifiers have only 2 dB of embedded losses, since they have no combining losses.



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7. If the level at the headend doesn’t match the established reference (on the display), replace the 9-A-WC or 10-A-WC return output attenuator until the level matches.

8. You shouldn’t need to use return input attenuators to make level adjustments, as long as the previous amplifier’s return output levels are set properly. However, if there are no actives downstream of the amplifier, you could use these attenuators to make the signal levels from the return legs equal going into the return hybrid. (See “Return Input Attenuators” on page 132.)

Once you have achieved proper levels at the headend, the amplifier is set up. Proceed downstream to the next amplifier. Repeat this procedure, moving one amplifier farther out into the system until you reach the end of the cascade.


System Sweep 2244002 Rev B 99

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Checking the Forward Sweep Response

About this Section

In this section, you will find instructions for checking the forward sweep response.

Item...................................................................................................................PageWhat It Means to “Sweep the System”...............................................100Important Facts About EDB Response Equalizers.........................101Items Needed ......................................................................................................103Calculating Flatness..........................................................................................104Storing a Sweep Reference...........................................................................105Sweeping and Adjusting the Amplifiers.................................................106


100 2244002 Rev B System Sweep

What It Means to “Sweep the System”

As discussed on page 71, setting up (or balancing) amplifiers is based on measurements made at the band edges (the defined low-end and high-end frequencies). On the other hand, sweeping (also called “sweep testing” or “sweep balancing”) provides a thorough evaluation of signal levels across the broadband spectrum.

Routine, periodic sweep testing is important to ensure that customers receive consistently high-quality services. Sweeping is not necessary during setup, but it may be done during setup if desired.

When attenuators and equalizers are chosen incorrectly, or procedures are performed improperly, a system may fail to meet the required peak-to-valley response. Follow the procedures in this document carefully to avoid unnecessary future visits to the node or cascade.

Sweep testing helps to identify signal quality problems (such as frequency suckouts, bumps, and other excessive peak-to-valley deviations) that occur between the band edges. This process can help you detect problems that need to be addressed: connector flaws, water and corrosion damage, opens, partial shorts, loose connections, and severe cable damage.

Alignment within each cascade—the goal of sweeping—requires a reference point to start with. In a hybrid fiber/coaxial (HFC) network, the optical node is the reference point for the forward sweep procedure. Each amplifier is aligned from band-edge to band-edge with the node reference, which is a “flat” response. (It is actually a tilted output, but the sweep is a comparison of the tilted response at an amplifier station to a tilted response as a reference. The display shows the difference between the two responses, ideally a flat line.)

Sweeping includes observing an amplifier’s output on the sweep receiver. The display on the sweep receiver depicts the frequency-selective impact of the span and the amplifier compared with the reference. If needed, as described in this section, you may select a plug-in response equalizer (“debumper”) to adjust the amplifier’s response so that the output more closely resembles the reference.

Sweep testing is used primarily for checking signal amplitude. While sweeping literally refers to the action of the signal generator as it moves through a range of frequencies, this procedure also involves “sweeping” through the amplifiers in your system, making adjustments as necessary to compensate for specific variations in frequency response.



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Important Facts About EDB Response Equalizers

For response equalizer locations in, see page 14 (Diamond Line 3A, 3T, 3M) or page 32 (Diamond Line 3D).

The optional EDB series response equalizer (“debumper”) helps to correct undesirable peaks or valleys in the forward response of cascaded amplifiers by attenuating a portion of the bandwidth while minimizing the insertion loss of the bandwidth to be “bumped.” Response equalizers effectively create “bumps” or “traps” to equalize peaks or valleys within narrow frequency ranges.

The purpose of the response equalizer is to flatten the forward response of cascaded amplifiers, compensating for system signature imperfections; the response equalizer is not intended to correct system problems.

Typically, you determine the need for a response equalizer in a particular amplifier in the field during a system sweep. Not every amplifier will need a response equalizer.

IMPORTANTIf a cascade appears to need response equalizers more frequently than once in every third amplifier, that cascade may have defective cable or connectors that should be repaired before you install more response equalizers.



The following adjustable EDB response equalizers (controls on the board, no plastic cover on the plug-in) are available for the Diamond Line series amplifiers:

The following fixed-value EDB response equalizers (no controls on the board, plastic cover on the plug-in) are available for the Diamond Line series amplifiers:

Adjustable EDB

Bump or Trap Size

Location of Bump or Trap (center frequency)

Adjustable Range (for varying the bump’s or trap’s

center frequency)****

Max. Insertion Loss at Highest Forward Frequency

6-EDB/76B 0.8 dB* 76 MHz 45–95 MHz 1.8 dB6-EDB/165B 0.8 dB* 165 MHz 100–230 MHz 1.8 dB6-EDB/335B 0.8 dB* 335 MHz 215–410 MHz 1.8 dB6-EDB/455B 0.8 dB* 455 MHz 315–600 MHz 1.8 dB6-EDB/155T 5.5 dB** 155 MHz 90–170 MHz 1.8 dB6-EDB/350T 2.0 dB** 350 MHz 215–500 MHz 0.7 dB6-EDB/515T 2.0 dB** 515 MHz 430–600 MHz 0.5 dB8-EDB/250T 3.0–3.5 dB*** 250 MHz 200–300 MHz 1 dB8-EDB/430T 3.0–.3.5 dB*** 430 MHz 380–480 MHz 1 dB8-EDB/650T 3.0–3.5 dB*** 650 MHz 600–700 MHz 1 dB8-EDB/750T 3.0–.3.5 dB*** 750 MHz 700–800 MHz 1 dB* Maximum bump height.** Maximum trap (or notch) depth.***Adjustable trap (or notch) depth.****An adjustable capacitor lets you vary the bump’s or trap’s center frequency. Variable reisistor(s) also let you adjust the bump’s or trap’s height and/or shape. (For an illustration of the controls on the boards, see Figure 29 on page 106.)

Fixed-Value EDB Attenuated RangeMax. Bump or Trap

SizeLocation of Bump or Trap

6-EDB-680/BA* 45 - 573 MHz 1.9* dB 573 - 750 MHz6-EDB-680/BB* 45 - 650 MHz 1.5* dB 650 - 750 MHz6-EDB/750/BA 45 - 650 MHz 2.2* dB 650 - 750 MHz7-EDB/750/BA* 45 - 650 MHz 2.2* dB 650 - 750 MHz7-EDB/750/BB 45 - 707 MHz 2.5* dB 707 - 750 MHz* See response signatures in Figure 30 on page 108.



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Items Needed

• 1/2" nut driver

• torque wrench

• needle-nose pliers

• alignment tool

• signal level meter or a spectrum analyzer

• sweep transmitter and receiver, with manufacturer-recommended accessories

• assortment of EDB series response equalizers, 7-2E-WC series equalizers, and 9-A-WC or 10-A-WC series attenuators

DANGEROUS VOLTAGEThe system sweep procedure exposes you to potentially high voltages and should be performed only by qualified technicians experienced with cable and/or telephony technologies. Users new to cable and/or telephony technologies and procedures should not rely on this manual for comprehensive guidance.



Calculating Flatness

Before you begin your sweep of a given Diamond Line amplifier cascade, calculate the flatness you should be able to achieve in the cascade using one of the following formulas (where DL1 = Diamond Line 1 amplifier, DL2 = Diamond Line 2 amplifier, etc.). Keep the resulting number in mind as you sweep the amplifiers in that cascade.

For example, to estimate the peak-to-valley response in a cascade of five Diamond Line 2 amplifiers (no Diamond Line 1 or 3 amplifiers) in a 750 MHz system, you would calculate as follows. In this example, the peak-to-valley response of the output of the last amplifier in the cascade should be no greater than 3.5 dB.

Proceed to “Storing a Sweep Reference” on page 105.

750 MHz Amplifiers 870 MHz Amplifiers

P/V DL14

---------- DL2 DL3+2

--------------------- 1+ += P/V DL14

---------- DL2 DL3+2

--------------------- 2+ +=

3.5 dB04-- 5

2-- 1+ +=



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Storing a Sweep Reference

In a hybrid fiber-coaxial (HFC) network, the optical node is the reference point for the forward sweep procedure. Each new node area needs a new reference. Store the sweep reference for a given node as follows.

1. According to the instructions provided by the sweep system manufacturer, connect the calibrated sweep transmitter to your system with a calibrated test lead, then set up and inject sweep signal.

2. Make sure all parameters supplying the RF section of the node are properly set. This is important, since the sweep reference you will be storing in step 3 will calibrate to assumed true output. If the levels and tilt are incorrect, the reference will be too.

To ensure accurate results, use the same test cables at each amplifier station that you used to store the reference.

3. Connect the sweep receiver to the main output port of the optical node, and “reference” the output of the node (store a sweep reference). This reference is a normalized flat response line calibrated to the output of the launch amplifier.

You have now stored your sweep reference. Proceed to “Sweeping and Adjusting the Amplifiers,” starting on page 106.



Sweeping and Adjusting the Amplifiers

Once you have stored the sweep reference for a particular node, follow these steps to sweep and adjust the amplifiers in cascade, starting with the first amplifier after the node.

1. Turn off the ALSC (if using an ALSC amplifier).

2. Connect a sweep receiver to the main output of the amplifier (J2). To ensure accurate results, use the same test cables at each amplifier station that you used to store the reference.

3. Adjust the sweep receiver to accept the sweep test signal.

4. Note any frequency ranges with unacceptable peak-to-valley deviations.

For the response equalizer location, see page 14 (Diamond Line 3A, 3T, 3M) or page 32 (Diamond Line 3D).

5. If the response meets or exceeds system requirements, skip to step 9.

If the response does not meet system requirements, you may select the appropriate EDB series response equalizer. (See “Important Facts About EDB Response Equalizers,” starting on page 101.)

6. Remove jumper from the response equalizer location, and install the EDB response equalizer selected in step 5.

7. If the EDB response equalizer is adjustable, adjust it for minimum peak-to-valley. (See Figure 29.)

Figure 29. Adjustable EDB Response EqualizersAdjustable EDB equalizers (the 6-EDB/***B and 6-EDB/***T series) have on-board controls. The adjustable capacitor lets you vary the bump’s center frequency. The variable resistor(s) let you adjust the bump’s height and/or shape. (See chart of adjustable EDBs on page 102.)



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Sweeping and Adjusting the Amplifiers (Cont.)

8. Adjust the input attenuator as needed to achieve designed output levels.

9. Store a sweep trace for each of the output test points, or at least for the main test point.

10. Use a signal level meter or a spectrum analyzer to verify actual levels.

11. Switch the ALSC to ON, and adjust the ALSC gain control to match the designed level at the selected carrier.

12. Verify that secondary outputs are within required range.

You have now finished adjusting the amplifier. Repeat the procedures from this section at the next amplifier in cascade, then proceed downstream through the rest of the amplifiers. Repeat for each cascade in your system.



Figure 30. Example EDB Peak-to-Valley ResponsesThese three examples show peak-to-valley response signatures of the indicated fixed-value EDB series response equalizers. (See chart of fixed-value EDBs on page 102.)

6-EDB-680/BA

6-EDB-680/BB

6-EDB-750/BA


Troubleshooting 2244002 Rev B 109

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Troubleshooting

About this Section

In this section, you will find information to help you resolve problems that may occur.

Item...................................................................................................................PageProblems and Possible Field Solutions ....................................................111Bench Testing .......................................................................................................113

Equipment Needed for Bench Tests..............................................113Setting Up Test Equipment .................................................................114Verifying Amplifier Operation at the Bench...............................116


110 2244002 Rev B Troubleshooting



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Problems and Possible Field Solutions

This section gives some suggestions for things to try in the field if problems arise with a Diamond Line 3 amplifier.

Problem Possible Solutions

Illogical input readings • Check output levels at previous amplifier.• Confirm that both an attenuator and an equalizer are installed in the unit

to prevent reflections at the input.• Confirm that there is no unterminated passive at the input.• Look for loose or corroded connectors or passives between amplifiers.• Check for loose seizure screw mechanism(s).• Check all connectors for correct pin lengths.• Check cable and passive loss from previous amplifier.• Confirm previous amplifier was not balanced into a reflection at its

output.• Check for cable cracks or breaks.• Check for loose module hold-down or cover screws.

Output levels vary from port to port.

• Confirm that there are no reflections due to an unterminated housing port, unterminated passive port at the unit’s output, or unterminated coaxial output leg—or due to any condition that could result in improper termination.

• Check for loose or corroded connectors at each output port.• Check for loose seizure screw mechanism(s).• Check for cracks or breaks in the cables.• Check all connectors for correct pin lengths.• Check for loose module hold-down or cover screws.

High output levels • Verify input levels.• Verify previous amplifier levels.• Confirm that all correct plug-in devices have been installed and are in the

proper location.ALSC not working • Confirm that the ALSC pilot is active, within correct amplitude,

unscrambled, and not on a processed channel.• Confirm correct attenuator and equalizer.• Confirm that both AC and DC voltages are within acceptable range.

No RF output • Confirm that AC and DC voltage is present. (If not, see “No AC voltage” or “No DC voltage,” below).

• Confirm RF input.• Check for loose seizure screw mechanism at input and output.• Confirm that all plug-in areas on module are filled.

No AC voltage • Confirm that AC fuse(s) are good.• Check for loose seizure screw mechanism(s) at port(s).• Check AC input connector for correct pin length.• Confirm that there is not a short on the coaxial cables.

No DC voltage • Check for AC voltage.• Possible bad unit; replace.



Module has an AC short • Replace AC surge arrestor.• Confirm that no RF connector pin(s) are shorted.

Beats in the amplifier output • Confirm that all screws on the aluminum cover are tight.• Confirm that the chassis hold down screws are tight.• Check for correct plug-in attenuators and equalizers.• Confirm that unit is properly set up.• Confirm that the peak-to-valley is acceptable at the unit.

Amplifier produces incorrect tilt • Confirm that the correct interstage equalizer is installed.• Set up amplifier at designed band edges and not in-band carriers.• Confirm that there is no reflection at the amplifier port(s) output(s).• Check for loose seizure screw(s), corroded connectors, and correct pin

length(s).Unstable RF levels • Verify that the ALSC pilot is not scrambled.

• Check for loose seizure screw(s) and correct pin length(s).• Confirm that carriers are stable at headend output.• Check for loose plug-in devices.• Confirm that test equipment being used is stable.• Check RF test cable(s) on test equipment.

Unacceptable peak-to-valley • Verify output of previous amplifier.• Verify response at input.• Use optional EDB in response equalizer position. (See “Important Facts

About EDB Response Equalizers” on page 101.)• Confirm that there are no reflections.• Check for faulty RF connector, passives, and/or cable.

Return injection level problem • Confirm that there is a jumper, a 9-A-WC or a 10-A-WC attenuator in all return paths on the module.

Return signals do not pass • Confirm that there is a jumper, a 9-A-WC or a 10-A-WC attenuator in all return paths on the module.

• Check that seizure mechanism(s) are tight.

Problem (Continued) Possible Solutions (Continued)



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Bench Testing

This section tells how to set up and verify the operation of a Diamond Line series amplifier at a test bench.

Keep in mind that you can set up at the bench various ways, depending on your signal source and test equipment. One way, for example, is to use a length of coaxial cable equivalent in attenuation to a typical amplifier spacing in your system. You would connect that cable to the amplifier to simulate field losses. In such setups, you may use a variable attenuator to vary input levels to the amplifier.

Another way to set up is to use flat input directly to the amplifier. In a case like this, when input signal doesn’t represent a field input signal after a length of cable, use a zero equalizer or cable simulator in the input equalizer position to achieve correct output levels for testing.

Equipment Needed for Bench Tests

You need the following equipment for a bench test:

• network analyzer or bench sweep

• a 9-NH or 9-BH series housing, an amplifier, and all necessary plug-in circuits

• either a DC power supply delivering 2 amperes of current or more at 24 VDC, or a 60 - 90 VAC power supply

• line power inserter, necessary connectors, adapters, and test cables, per your test equipment manufacturer’s instructions

• variable attenuator (to vary input levels to the amplifier)

• 1/2" wrench (to open and close the housing)

• small, nonconducting alignment tool

• matrix generator or headend signal (to check the ALSC, if present)1

• spectrum analyzer (to check the ALSC, if present)

• appropriate attenuators and equalizers in an assortment of values

• coaxial cable (to simulate field losses)

1. ALSC needs an unscrambled carrier, which is not present with a bench sweep.



Setting Up Test Equipment

1. Install the amplifier in the test position. When installing the amplifier in the 9-NH or 9-BH housing, first tighten the two center screws to 15 in.-lb (1.7 N•m), then tighten the four corner screws to the same torque. Verify that the two center screws are still at the proper torque in case they have relaxed.

Bench testing is effective only after installation of all plug-in circuits required for field operations.

2. Make sure all necessary plug-in circuits are installed. (See “Installing the Designed Equalizers and Attenuators” on page 58.)

3. Remove the plastic plugs at the housing’s input port and all output ports.

4. Insert an “F” KS adapter (or “pin-to-F” connector) in each active port (J1, J2 and J3). Tighten the adapters.

5. Tighten the housing’s input and output center conductor seizure screws with a 5/16" torque wrench to a torque of 14–17 in.-lb (1.6–1.9 N•m).1

Figure 31. Bench Test Equipment Setup, ExampleOne typical bench setup is shown. Test equipment may vary.

LINE

PORT 1PORT 1 PORT 2PORT 2

MainOutput (J2)

Connection point fortest setup calibration

Connection point fortest setup calibration

Cable length tomatch loss betweenamplifiers in field

Line Power Inserter

Fuse Socket(fuse removed) Fuse Socket

AC

RFInput

SecondaryOutput (J3)

PORT 2

835623-2

CURRENT

SENSOR

PORT 3

OUTPUT

ATTENUATOR



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6. Terminate secondary output port (J3) if this port is present.

7. Connect power supply to the amplifier as follows. (Do not apply power yet; you will do that in step 12.)

If using AC power, connect to any port (J1 input or J2 or J3 output) through a power inserter (to allow for proper termination). Temporarily remove fuses from all unpowered ports to prevent damage to test equipment.

If using DC bench power supply, verify that the power supply is turned off. Set the DC bench power supply to 24 VDC. Then, connect the power supply’s positive terminal to the module’s 24 VDC test point; connect the negative terminal to the module’s ground.

WARNINGDo not apply supply voltage to test equipment inputs.

8. Adjust the network analyzer output for an RF signal ranging from the lowest forward frequency to a high frequency of 870 MHz.

9. Calibrate your test equipment according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

10. Connect the amplifier station to the test setup according to the test equipment manufacturer’s instructions.

11. If ALSC is installed, switch it OFF.

12. Turn on the 24V bench power supply or the AC power supply.

The amplifier is now installed into the test setup. Proceed to “Verifying Amplifier Operation at the Bench,” starting on page 116.

1. See “9-BH15 Bypass Housing Installation Guide,” document number 2240001 for instructions on tightening center conductor seizure screws in 9-BH15 housings.



Verifying Amplifier Operation at the Bench

Once the testing equipment and amplifier are set up to simulate field conditions (see “Setting Up Test Equipment,” starting on page 114), you may begin verifying amplifier operation. To do so, follow these procedures in the order that they appear.

Keep in mind that if you can’t achieve the proper results in any of these procedures (assuming that the test equipment itself is properly set up), the module may need repair.

The station main output tilt (at highest frequency) is indicated by the last three digits in the model number:125 = 12.5 dB110 = 11.0 dB100 = 10.0 dB147 = 14.7 dB

Checking the Interstage Equalizers

The interstage slope equalizers are factory-selected for your system requirements to provide the correct output tilt, so you don’t need to verify the equalizers themselves. Simply verify that the amount of tilt indicated in the model number’s last three digits matches the desired tilt.

Setting the Main Output Tilt and Level1. Make sure the input equalizer (or cable simulator)

provides the correct output tilt. (See “Checking the Input Equalizer” on page 78.)

2. Make sure the input attenuator provides the correct output level. (See “Checking the Input Attenuator” on page 79.)

Setting Secondary Output Level (Diamond Line 3D Amplifiers Only)

In Diamond Line 3D amplifiers, follow these steps to set the secondary output levels.

1. Terminate the main output port (J2).)

2. Connect the test lead to secondary output port J3 and verify the output level. If necessary, select a secondary output attenuator to match desired operating level.



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Checking the ALSC

If ALSC is installed, check it as follows, using an unscrambled continuous-wave or modulated carrier at the ALSC frequency, plus sufficient additional carriers or channels to judge the amplifier response across the band.

C-COR recommends using a matrix generator or a headend signal. Use a spectrum analyzer to measure the amplifier response.

1. Make sure that ALSC is turned off (manual mode) and that the procedures on page 116 have been completed.

2. Note the amplifier output signal levels on the spectrum analyzer.

3. Switch the ALSC to the ON (automatic) position and adjust the ALSC control to match the signal levels to the manual settings.

4. To simulate changes in cable attenuation due to temperature, use a variable attenuator to increase and decrease the RF input levels within the ALSC range (±3 dB for 870 models; ±4.5 dB for 750 models). Verify that within ten seconds the RF output level of the ALSC pilot frequency returns to within ±0.5 dB for every 2 dB change in input level (per recovery accuracy specification).1

You have now verified the operation of the amplifier. At this point you could run other tests if desired. Otherwise, disconnect the amplifier from the test setup.

1. For this test, disregard the high and low ends of the bandwidth. ALSC corrects more at high frequencies than at low frequencies to compensate for the characteristics of coaxial cable, which attenuates high-frequency signals more than low-frequency signals. Since variable attenuators affect all frequencies equally, the output tilt may be skewed during step 4.


Appendix 2244002 Rev B 119

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Appendix

About this Section

In this section, you will find additional information that you may find helpful.

Item...................................................................................................................PagePower Supply Specifications .........................................................................121Relative Chroma Delay Specifications (NTSC System M)..........122Automatic Level & Slope Control (ALSC) Specifications..............123Equalizer Insertion Losses .............................................................................124Determining Values for 7-2E-WC Equalizers....................................127Determining Values for 7-REF-WC Return Output Equalizers130Determining Values for 9-A-WC or 10-A-WC Attenuators ......131Amplifier Data Log............................................................................................134Broadband Level and Slope Chart...........................................................135Determining the Temperature Offset.....................................................136


120 2244002 Rev B Appendix



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Power Supply Specifications

Notes 3-Amp Power Supply Units

Power Supply Type switched-mode

Input Voltage

60 Hz, quasi-square wave a

a. For an output current of 3 amps (2 amps) at 24.0 VDC.

40-90 (36-90) VAC RMS

50 Hz, quasi-square wave a 42-90 (38-90) VAC RMS

Maximum Continuous Input Voltage (peak-to-peak, w/o surge arrestor) 350 V

Efficiency 90 %

Input Transient/Surge (peak-to-peak for 10 seconds) 400 V

Input Current

Peak in-rush current limit (maximum at 90 VAC for 1 cycle) b

b. For more information about system powering, see 1996 NCTA paper “Powering Stability in 90 Volt Networks,” by Peter Deierlein,Philps Broadband Networks.

25 amps w/ 4-ohm sourceimpedance

Continuous input current (maximum) 3.5 amps RMS

Output Voltage (over temperature range) 24.0 ±0.5 VDC

Output Load Current (maximum rated) 3.0 A

Output Ripple and Noise (max., from 0-100 kHz) c

c. For an output current load of 3 amps (2 amps) at 24.0 VDC.

8.0 (6.0) mV RMS

Output Peak Noise (maximum, peak-to-peak) 64 mV

Output Overload Protection (current limit, maximum) 4.2 A

Hold-up Time (minimum) d

d. At full load and 50 VAC input.

20 ms

All specifications are subject to change without notice.



Relative Chroma Delay Specifications (NTSC System M)

Relative Group Delay Characteristics for Return Signals

Diamond Line Amplifier (42/54 split) UnitsForward

55.25 - 58.83 MHz -30 n’sec61.25 - 64.83 MHz -15 n’sec67.25 - 70.83 MHz -7 n’secUnstated Channels (maximum) <2 n’sec

Return

7.00 - 10.58 MHz -14 n’sec13.00 - 16.58 MHz -2 n’sec19.00 - 22.58 MHz -3 n’sec25.00 - 28.58 MHz -9 n’sec31.00 - 34.58 MHz 16 n’sec37.00 - 40.58 MHz 61 n’sec

Figure 32. Relative Group Delays (Return), 42/54 SplitUse this graph to determine relative group delays for an amplifier with a 42/54 bandsplit. To determine the relative group delay between two frequencies, look at the difference (in nanoseconds) of the actual group delay for each frequency.



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Automatic Level & Slope Control (ALSC) Specifications

All Diamond Line amplifiers include a 6-ALSC series automatic level and slope control. The 6-ALSC consists of two plug-in circuit boards: a Bode equalizer and a Bode controller. Performance specifications for the Bode controller board are listed below. For amplifier performance with ALSC installed, see the amplifier specifications, beginning on pages 20 (Diamond Line 3A, 3T, 3M) and 40 (Diamond Line 3D).

Notes 6-ALSC Bode Controller Board Units

Operating Temperature (external ambient) -40 to +60-40 to 140

°C°F

Supply Voltage 24.0 ± 0.5 V

Supply Current (maximum, controller only) 74 mA

Pilot Carrier Frequencies

6-ALSC-423-STD/870 423.25 MHz

6-ALSC-426 HI/750 and 6-ALSC-426 STD/750 a

a. Formerly 6-ALSC-426 GNA/750 and 6-ALSC-426 TNA/750, respectively.

426.25 MHz

6-ALSC-427 HI/750 and 6-ALSC-427 STD/750 b

b. Formerly 6-ALSC-427 GNA/750 and 6-ALSC-427 TNA/750, respectively.

427.25 MHz

6-ALSC-433 HI/750 and 6-ALSC-433 STD/750 433.25 MHz

6-ALSC-438 HI/750 and 6-ALSC-438 STD/750 c

c. Formerly 6-ALSC-438 GNA/750 and 6-ALSC-438 TNA/750, respectively.

438.25 MHz

6-ALSC-427 HI/870 and 6-ALSC-427 STD/870 427.25 MHz

6-ALSC-495 HI/750, 6-ALSC-495 STD/750, and 6-ALSC-495 STD/870 495.25 MHz

6-ALSC-499 HI/750, 6-ALSC-499 STD/750, and 6-ALSC-499 STD/870 499.25 MHz

Pilot Level Adjustment Range (at controller input) 30–50 dBmV

Level Stability (at pilot and controller out)

Thermal (maximum, reference 25°C, or 77°F) ±1.0 dB

Recovery Accuracy (maximum, within 10 seconds, 2 dB steps) ±0.5 dB

Modulation Loss (typical, white to CW) -0.5 dB

Picture Content (typical, NTSC bounce) ±0.1 dB

Sensitivity to Adjacent Channel (typical, ±6 MHz, equal RF levels) ±0.1 dB

Effect on Response Flatness (typical; 45–600, 45–750, or 45–870 MHz) ±0.25 dBAll specifications are subject to change without notice.



Equalizer Insertion Losses

This section provides the insertion losses (attenuation) associated with the plug-in equalizers (including cable simulators) used in C-COR Diamond Line amplifier modules. These are typical loss values to be used for design purposes. Measurements on individual plug-ins may vary.

See also “Determining Values for 7-2E-WC Equalizers” on page 127 and “Determining Values for 7-REF-WC Return Output Equalizers” on page 130.

7-2E862/*L-WC Forward Equalizers

Equalizer Values (dB)

Insertion Loss (Attenuation) in dB

45 MHz 54 MHz 70 MHz 85 MHz 450 MHz 550 MHz 650 MHz 750 MHz 870 MHz1 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5

2 2.1 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.5

3 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.6 1.4 1.2 0.9 0.7 0.5

4 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.4 1.7 1.4 1.1 0.8 0.5

5 4.5 4.4 4.2 4.1 2.0 1.6 1.2 0.9 0.5

6 5.3 5.1 5.0 4.8 2.3 1.8 1.4 1.0 0.5

7 6.1 5.9 5.7 5.5 2.6 2.1 1.5 1.0 0.5

8 6.9 6.7 6.4 6.2 2.9 2.3 1.7 1.1 0.5

9 7.7 7.4 7.2 6.9 3.2 2.5 1.8 1.2 0.5

10 8.4 8.2 7.9 7.6 3.5 2.7 2.0 1.3 0.4

11 9.2 9.0 8.7 8.4 3.8 2.9 2.1 1.3 0.4

12 10.0 9.8 9.4 9.1 4.1 3.2 2.3 1.4 0.4

13 10.8 10.5 10.1 9.8 4.4 3.4 2.4 1.5 0.4

14 11.6 11.3 10.9 10.5 4.8 3.6 2.6 1.6 0.4

15 12.4 12.1 11.6 11.2 5.1 3.8 2.7 1.6 0.4

16 13.5 13.1 12.6 12.2 5.6 4.3 3.1 2.0 0.7

17 14.3 13.9 13.4 12.9 5.9 4.5 3.2 2.0 0.7

18 15.1 14.6 14.1 13.6 6.2 4.8 3.4 2.1 0.7

19 15.8 15.4 14.8 14.3 6.5 5.0 3.5 2.2 0.7

20 16.6 16.2 15.6 15.0 6.8 5.2 3.7 2.3 0.6

21 17.4 17.0 16.3 15.7 7.1 5.4 3.8 2.3 0.6

22 18.2 17.7 17.1 16.5 7.4 5.6 4.0 2.4 0.6

23 19.0 18.5 17.8 17.2 7.7 5.9 4.1 2.5 0.6

24 19.8 19.3 18.6 17.9 8.0 6.1 4.3 2.6 0.6

25 20.6 20.1 19.3 18.6 8.3 6.3 4.4 2.6 0.6

26 21.4 20.8 20.0 19.3 8.6 6.5 4.6 2.7 0.6



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7-2E750/*L-WC Forward Equalizers

7-2E862C*L-WC Cable SimulatorsThese models are equivalent to 7-2E750C*L-WC models, but with an extended bandwidth.



45 MHz 54 MHz 70 MHz 85 MHz 450 MHz 550 MHz 650 MHz 750 MHz1 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

2 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.5

3 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.6 1.2 1.0 0.7 0.5

4 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.3 1.5 1.1 0.8 0.5

5 4.4 4.3 4.1 4.0 1.7 1.3 0.9 0.5

6 5.2 5.0 4.8 4.6 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5

7 5.9 5.8 5.5 5.3 2.2 1.6 1.0 0.5

8 6.7 6.5 6.3 6.0 2.5 1.8 1.1 0.5

9 7.5 7.3 7.0 6.7 2.7 1.9 1.2 0.5

10 8.3 8.0 7.7 7.4 3.0 2.1 1.3 0.5

11 9.1 8.8 8.4 8.1 3.2 2.2 1.3 0.5

12 9.8 9.5 9.1 8.8 3.5 2.4 1.4 0.5

13 10.6 10.3 9.9 9.5 3.7 2.6 1.5 0.5

14 11.4 11.0 10.6 10.2 4.0 2.7 1.6 0.5

15 12.2 11.8 11.3 10.9 4.2 2.9 1.7 0.5

16 13.2 12.8 12.3 11.8 4.7 3.3 2.0 0.8

17 14.0 13.6 13.0 12.5 4.9 3.4 2.1 0.8

18 14.8 14.3 13.7 13.2 5.2 3.6 2.1 0.8

19 15.5 15.1 14.4 13.9 5.4 3.8 2.2 0.8

20 16.3 15.8 15.2 14.6 5.7 3.9 2.3 0.8

21 17.1 16.6 15.9 15.3 5.9 4.1 2.4 0.8

22 17.9 17.3 16.6 15.9 6.2 4.2 2.4 0.8

23 18.6 18.1 17.3 16.6 6.4 4.4 2.5 0.8

24 19.4 18.8 18.0 17.3 6.7 4.6 2.6 0.8

25 20.2 19.6 18.8 18.0 6.9 4.7 2.7 0.8

26 21.0 20.3 19.5 18.7 7.2 4.9 2.8 0.8

Simulator Values (dB)


45 MHz 54 MHz 70 MHz 85 MHz 450 MHz 550 MHz 650 MHz 750 MHz 870 MHz

1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0

2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.8

3 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.4 2.6

4 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 2.2 2.5 2.8 3.1 3.4

5 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.7 2.8 3.2 3.6 3.9 4.3

6 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.1 3.6 4.1 4.5 5.0 5.4

7 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3 4.2 4.8 5.3 5.8 6.3

8 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.5 4.8 5.5 6.1 6.6 7.3

9 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.8 5.5 6.2 6.9 7.6 8.3

10 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.1 6.2 7.0 7.8 8.5 9.3

11 1.5 1.7 2.1 2.4 6.9 7.8 8.6 9.4 10.3

12 1.7 2.0 2.3 2.7 7.6 8.6 9.5 10.3 11.3



7-REF42/*-WC Return Equalizers



5 MHZ 7 MHz 13 MHz 19 MHz 25 MHz 33 MHz 42 MHz1 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7

2 1.8 1.7 1.4 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.7

3 2.6 2.4 2.0 1.6 1.4 1.0 0.7

4 3.4 3.1 2.6 2.2 1.7 1.2 0.7

5 4.1 3.7 3.1 2.5 2.0 1.4 0.7

6 4.6 4.1 3.4 2.7 2.2 1.3 0.7

7 5.3 5.0 4.0 3.2 2.4 1.5 0.7

8 6.0 5.4 4.2 3.5 2.6 1.6 0.7

9 6.6 5.8 4.7 3.7 2.7 1.7 0.7



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Determining Values for 7-2E-WC Equalizers

For 7-2E-WC equalizer locations, see page 14 (Diamond Line 3A, 3T, 3M), or page 32 (Diamond Line 3D).

This section explains how to determine values for 7-2E-WC series equalizers for Diamond Line series amplifiers if you have no system design, or if you want to understand how system-design values are derived.

The 7-2E WC equalizers plug into the module’s main circuit board to compensate for the frequency-dependent attenuation that coaxial cable imposes on the signal. Diamond Line series amplifiers accept 7-2E-WC equalizers in input and interstage positions.

The following 7-2E-WC equalizers can be used in Diamond Line amplifiers:

Input Equalizers When installed in the input position (as required in Diamond Line series amplifiers), the 7-2E-WC equalizer compensates for the effects of cable preceding the amplifier module, providing zero slope at the pre-amplifier input.

To find the value, use this formula:1

7-2E750/*L-WC7-2E862/*L-WC

Covered equalizers for 750 or 870 MHz systems, respectively. Available in 1 dB steps from 1 to 26 dB. For example, 7-2E750/3L-WC is a 3 dB equalizer, which compensates for the unequal loss at different frequencies in 3 dB of cable.

7-2E862/C*L-WC Covered cable simulators for 750 systems or 870 MHz systems. (These models are equivalent to 7-2E750C*L-WC models, but with an extended bandwidth.) May be used in the input equalizer position (see page 127). Available in 1 dB steps from 1 to 12 dB. For example, 7-2E750/C6L-WC is a 6 dB cable simulator.

input equalizer

value=

cable loss (excluding passive loss) in span preceding amplifier

(at highest forward frequency)–

equalizer derate

(for bandsplit)

1. If the cable loss preceding the amplifier is less than or equal to the equalizer derate (not enough loss in the high-channel forward path), as may occur when amplifiers are close together, use a 7-2E/C-WC series cable simulator in the input equalizer position.



For Diamond Line 3 amplifiers with all equalization at the interstage location, choose the equalizer derate for the formula from this table:

For Diamond Line 3 amplifiers with split equalization (at the input and interstage locations), choose the equalizer derate for the formula from this table:

(See also “Equalizer Insertion Losses,” starting on page 124.)

Output Tilt(at highest frequency)

Equalizer Derate (42/54 split, all equalization at interstage)

8.0 dB 11 dB8.5 dB 11 dB9.0 dB 12 dB9.5 dB 13 dB10.0 dB 13 dB10.5 dB 14 dB11.0 dB 15 dB11.5 dB 15 dB12.0 dB 16 dB12.5 dB 17 dB14.7 dB 19 dB

Output Tilt (at highest frequency)

Interstage EqualizationEqualizer Derate

(42/54 split)

10.0 dB 5.5 dB 9 dB11.0 dB 6.5 dB 10 dB12.5 dB 8 dB 11 dB12.5 dB 10 dB 13 dB14.7 dB 10.2 dB 13 dB



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Interstage Equalizers The 7-2E-WC equalizers are factory-installed in the interstage and distribution positions to provide a specific tilt or slope to a Diamond Line amplifier’s output signals. Unless you specify that the amplifier be configured to provide a specific output tilt (from 8–12.5 dB), amplifiers are factory-adjusted for optimum performance at a 12.5 dB output tilt.

To change the tilt of the amplifier’s outputs from the factory-set value, change the values of the interstage equalizer as follows:

After changing the interstage equalizer, remember to check the input equalizer, if necessary. (See “Checking the Input Equalizer” on page 78.)

For example, to change the output tilt from 12. 5 dB to 11 dB (-1.5 dB change in tilt), you would reduce the value of the distribution slope equalizer by approximately 2 dB. If you cannot remove enough equalization from the distribution slope location, take the remaining amount from the interstage slope location.

The table below tells you how to change equalizer values to accommodate some typical desired tilts:


change in tilt (dB)

/ 0.725 =change in equalizer

value (dB)

Factory-setTilt (dB)

DesiredTilt (dB)

Change inTilt (dB)

Change the Equalizer Value by (approx., dB)

10

8.0 - 2 - 311.0 + 1 + 112.5 + 2.5 + 314.7 4.7 + 6

11

8.0 - 3 - 410.0 - 1 - 112.5 +1.5 + 214.7 +3.7 + 5

12.5

8.0 - 4.5 - 610.0 - 2.5 - 311.0 - 1.5 - 214.7 + 2.2 + 3

14.7

8.0 - 6.7 - 910.0 - 4.7 - 611.0 - 3.7 - 512.5 - 2.2 - 3



Determining Values for 7-REF-WC Return Output Equalizers

For 7-REF-WC equalizer locations, see page 14 (Diamond Line 3A, 3T, 3M), or page 32 (Diamond Line 3D).

This section explains how to determine values for 7-REF-WC series return output equalizers for Diamond Line series amplifiers if you have no system design, or if you want to understand how system-design values are derived.

Diamond Line series amplifiers require one 7-REF-WC equalizer in the return output path. This equalizer provides an output tilt at the return amplifier that will provide a flat input at the next return amplifier, which should also be flat or match the reference at the headend.

The following 7-REF-WC equalizers can be used in Diamond Line amplifiers:


For example, for a 2 dB change in return output tilt, you would use a 3 dB equalizer (7-REF42-3-WC).


7-REF42-*-WC Covered return output equalizers for 42/54 bandsplit. Available in 1 dB steps from 1 to 9 dB. For example, 7-REF42-2-WC is a 2 dB equalizer.

change in tilt(dB)

/ 0.654 =return equalizer

value (dB)



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Determining Values for 9-A-WC or 10-A-WC Attenuators

For 9-A-WC or 10-A-WC attenuator locations, see page 14 (Diamond Line 3A, 3T, 3M), or page 32 (Diamond Line 3D).

This section explains how to determine values for 9-A-WC or 10-A-WC series attenuators for Diamond Line series amplifiers if you have no system design, or if you want to understand how system-design values are derived.

Diamond Line series amplifiers accept 9-A-WC or 10-A-WC series attenuators in some or all of the following positions: forward input, interstage, main output, secondary outputs, return inputs, and return output. The following attenuators can be used in Diamond Line amplifiers:

Forward Input Attenuators

The forward input attenuator (required) reduces the level of the input signal to the pre-amplifier. Because the attenuation happens before the signal is split for distribution, input attenuators affect the signal levels of all the amplifier’s outputs.

Forward input attenuators are likely to vary from amplifier to amplifier in a network.


Round down the result to the next 0.5 dB. You should attenuate to, but not less than, the designed input.

Interstage Attenuators Interstage attenuators (optional) reduce the signal between amplifier stages to minimize the effect on carrier-to-noise, allowing you to customize the amplifier gain to match your system’s designed gain.


9-A*-WC Covered attenuators. Available in 0.5 dB steps from 0 to 19.5 dB. For example, a 9-A3-WC attenuator provides 3 dB of attenuation.

10-A-WC Covered attenuators. Available in 0.5 dB steps from 0 to 21.5 dB. For example, a 10-A3-WC attenuator provides 3 dB of attenuation.

input attenuator

value=

designer’s maximum amplifier spacing (or amp

operating gain)–

cable and passive loss in span preceding

amplifier

interstage attenuator

value=

operating gain (from amplifier specifications)

–designed gain (system-wide)



Because a system design normally uses the same amplifier gain at all stations using the same amplifier modules, interstage attenuators are normally the same value in all amplifiers at all stations.

Main Output Attenuators

Main output attenuators (factory-installed in Diamond Line 3A, 3T and 3M; optional in Diamond Line 3D amplifiers) reduce the level of the signal leaving the main output port (J2), but not the secondary output ports.


Secondary Output Attenuators

Secondary output attenuators (optional) reduce the levels of signals leaving the secondary output ports (J3 or J4).


Return Input Attenuators

Each return leg has its own return input attenuator location, allowing you to isolate ingress. (These attenuators are optional.)

As long as the previous amplifier’s return output levels are set properly, you shouldn’t need to use return input attenuators to make level adjustments. However, if there are no actives downstream of the amplifier, you could use these attenuators to adjust signal levels going into the return hybrid, for example, to make the signal levels from the return legs equal. To do this, determine which return leg has the lowest signal level, then attenuate the other return legs to match this level.

main output attenuator

value=

actual signal level at the main output port

–designed signal level at the main output

port

secondary output

attenuator value

=actual signal level at the

output port–

designed signal level at the output port



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Return Output Attenuators

A return output attenuator (required) reduces the combined signal at the return output port (J1).

To find the attenuator value, first find the required return output at J1, by using this formula:

Then find the return output attenuator value by using this formula:

For example, if the design calls for 22 dBmV return input to the next amplifier, and there’s 13 dB of attenuation (cable + passives) between the amplifiers, the required return output at J1 is 35 dBmV. If the actual return output at J1 is 40 dBmV, you would need to use a 5 dB return output attenuator.

designed input level at next

amplifier (dBmV)+

attenuation of cable and passives between the

amplifiers (dB)=

required return output at J1

(dBmV)

required return output at J1

(dBmV)–

actual output at J1 (dBmV)

=return output

attenuator value (dB)



Amplifier Data LogDate: ________________

Tested by: ________________________________

Temperature: _________________

Notes:

For the frequency points (unscrambled carriers), use a low-end bandwidth carrier, a high-end bandwidth carrier, and two carriers in between to verify the whole bandwidth. Use the system design or a slope chart (see page 135) to determine the correct level at these frequencies.

AMP # ______S/N _______ Type _____

Input Att ______ Input Eq _______Ret Out Att _____ Ret Eq _______Ret In Att 2_____ Ret In Att 3____Ret In Att 4_____

Desired Levels (low freq/hi freq)Frq _____ Frq _____Lev _____ Lev _____

Channel/FrequencyInput TP LevelOutput TP Level, ALSC OffOutput TP Level, ALSC On

AMP # ______S/N _______ Type _____




AMP # ______S/N _______ Type _____




AMP # ______S/N _______ Type _____






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Broadband Level and Slope Chart

To determine what the output level should be at any specific frequency, make a copy of this chart, and plot the broadband levels and slope you use for your system, as follows:

1. Plot the designed system output level at the lowest designed forward frequency.

2. Plot the designed system output level at the highest designed forward frequency.

3. Draw a straight line between the two points. Points on this line show what the output level should be at any specific frequency.

Figure 33. Broadband Level and Slope ChartThis chart helps you determine what the output level should be at any specific frequency.

This chart can help you find the following, for example:

• The level at which ASC and AGC pilot carriers should operate to maintain proper signal levels across the spectrum.

• The proper level for the highest frequency you use (if you run equipment below the highest design frequency possible).



Determining the Temperature Offset

Depending on the temperature during field setup, the amplifier output that you set up in the field (with ALSC off) may differ from the design goal.

Use a temperature offset wherever the setup procedures call for adjusting levels for temperature.

To find the temperature offset, use this formula:

In other words, attenuation increases (or decreases) 1% for every 10°F of temperature increase (or decrease). This table shows offsets for some example temperatures with various cable losses at 750 MHz:

Change in cable attenuation due to

temperature change=

1% for each 10°F(1.8% for each 10°C)

Cable Losses (dB)

Temperature Offset*

@130°F @100°F @70°F @40°F @10°F @-20°F

5 -0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.410 -0.5 -0.3 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.815 -0.8 -0.4 0.0 0.4 0.8 1.220 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.525 -1.3 -0.6 0.0 0.6 1.3 1.930 -1.5 -0.8 0.0 0.8 1.5 2.335 -1.8 -0.9 0.0 0.9 1.8 2.7

* Use formula for temperatures not shown.


Index 2244002 Rev B 137

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Index

7-2E/C-WC series cable simulatorchecking in forward setup, 78determining values for, 128insertion losses, 125

7-2E-WC series equalizerschecking input equalizer in forward setup, 78determining values for, 127–129insertion losses for

7-2E750/*L-WC forward equalizers, 1257-2E862/*L-WC forward equalizers, 1247-2E862C*L-WC cable simulators, 125

installing the designed equalizers, 58See also Functional descriptions or Plug-in circuits.

7-REF-WC series return output equalizerschecking in return setup, 96determining values for, 130insertion losses for, 126installing the designed equalizers, 58See also Functional descriptions or Plug-in circuits.

9-A-TERM terminators, installing, 609-A-WC series attenuators

checking input attenuator in forward setup, 79checking input attenuators in return setup, 97checking output attenuator in return setup, 97determining values for, 131–133installing the designed attenuators, 58See also Functional descriptions or Plug-in circuits.

9-BH series bypass housing, 449-NH series housing

closing the, 68equipment description, 44functional description, 52gaskets, RFI and weather, 45installing the amplifier into, 66label, 51models numbers, 46opening the, 65ports & points of connection

for deep lid, 49for standard lid, 47

specifications, 53

AALSC. See Automatic level & slope control.Attenuators. See 9-A or 9-A-WC series attenuators.Automatic level & slope control (ALSC)

setting up, 80specifications (controller board), 123

BBench testing an amplifier, 113Broadband level and slope chart, 135Broadband System Centers (BSCs). See Customer

support.

CCable simulator. See 7-2E/C-WC series cable

simulator.Combining losses, 96Configuration numbers

for Diamond Line 3A, 3T, 3M amplifiers, 11for Diamond Line 3D amplifiers, 29

Controls and connectorsfor Diamond Line 3A, 3T, 3M amplifiers, 12–13for Diamond Line 3D amplifiers, 30–31

Customer support, 2

DDebumpers. See EDB series response equalizers.Diamond Line 3A, 3T, 3M amplifiers

configuration numbers, 11controls and connectors, 12–13equipment description, 9functional description

forward RF signal flow, 16powering, 19return RF signal flow, 18summary of signal flow, 12

model numbers, 10plug-in circuits, 14–15specifications

for 3A models, 20for 3M models, 21

Diamond Line 3D amplifiersconfiguration numbers, 29controls and connectors, 30–31equipment description, 27functional description

forward RF signal flow, 35powering, 39return RF signal flow, 37summary of signal flow, 34

model numbers, 28plug-in circuits, 32–33specifications, 40

Diamond Line series amplifiers (general)description of, 5features and benefits of, 6


138 2244002 Rev B Diamond Line Amplifiers

types of, 5

EEDB series response equalizers

adjustable equalizerslist, 102on-board controls, 106

fixed-value equalizersexample peak-to-valley responses, 108list, 102

important facts about, 101Embedded losses, 96Equalizer derate, 128Equalizers. See 7-2E-WC series equalizers or

7-REF-WC series return output equalizers.

FFeatures and benefits, 6Flatness, calculating (formulas), 104Forward setup

before you start, 72items needed, 73setting up the cascade, 74

checking AC power, 76checking secondary output levels, 81checking the input attenuator, 79checking the input equalizer, 78checking the input levels, 77preparing the amplifier for initial setup, 75setting up the ALSC, 80

what it means to set up a forward cascade, 71Functional descriptions

for Diamond Line 3A, 3T, 3M amplifiersforward RF signal flow, 16return RF signal flow, 18summary of signal flow, 12

for Diamond Line 3D amplifiersforward RF signal flow, 35return RF signal flow, 37summary of signal flow, 34

Fuseschecking AC power, 76installation, 59locations in amplifier, 59

GGain control. See Automatic level & slope control.

HHeadend-out return setup method, 87Housing, amplifier. See 9-NH series housing or 9-BH

series bypass housing.

IInsertion losses

7-2E750/*L-WC forward equalizers, 1257-2E862/*L-WC forward equalizers, 1247-2E862C*L-WC cable simulators, 1257-REF42/*-WC return equalizers, 126

Installationbefore you begin, 57closing the housing, 68installing 9-A-TERM terminators, 60installing designed equalizers and attenuators, 58installing fuses, 59installing the amplifier into the housing, 66items needed, 57opening the housing, 65what it means to install a Diamond Line series

amplifier, 57

LLevel and slope chart, broadband, 135Log sheet, amplifier data, 134Losses, embedded and/or combining, 96

MModel numbers

for 9-NH housings, 46for Diamond Line 3A, 3T, 3M amplifiers, 10for Diamond Line 3D amplifiers, 28

OOverview of Diamond Line amplifiers, 5

PPlug-in circuits

in Diamond Line 3A, 3T, 3M amplifiers, 14–15in Diamond Line 3D amplifiers, 32–33See also plug-ins listed by name.

Poweringchecking AC power, 76in Diamond Line 3A, 3T, 3M amplifiers, 19in Diamond Line 3D amplifiers, 39installing fuses (power directors), 59power supply specifications, 121

Problems. See Troubleshooting.

RRelative chroma delay specifications, 122Relative group delay characteristics for return signals,


Index 2244002 Rev B 139

Inde

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122Response equalizers. See EDB series response

equalizers.Return setup

about the headend-out method, 87basic return-system concepts, 86before you start, 89setting up an optical node, 91setting up the RF return plant, 95test equipment needed, 90tools needed, 90what it means to set up a return system, 85why we recommend digital-level carriers, 88

SSafety symbols, 3Specifications

for 9-NH series housing, 53for ALSC controller board, 123for Diamond Line 3A, 3T, 3M amplifiers

3M models, 21for Diamond Line 3D amplifiers, 40for Diamond Line3A, 3T, 3M amplifiers

3A models, 20for power supply, 121for relative chroma delay, 122

Sweeping the systemcalculating flatness, 104facts about EDB response equalizers, 101items needed, 103storing a sweep reference, 105sweeping and adjusting the amplifiers, 106what it means to sweep the system, 100

TTemperature offset

formula and examples, 136when checking input attenuator in setup, 79

Terminators. See 9-A-TERM terminators.Troubleshooting

ALSC not working, 111amplifier produces incorrect tilt, 112beats in the amplifier output, 112bench testing an amplifier, 113high output levels, 111illogical input readings, 111module has an AC short, 112no AC voltage, 111no DC voltage, 111no RF output, 111output levels vary from port to port, 111return injection level problem, 112return signals do not pass, 112

unacceptable peak-to-valley, 112unstable RF levels, 112See also Troubleshooting chapter’s table of

contents & list of figures, 109


140 2244002 Rev B Diamond Line Amplifiers

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