Development and Implementation of

ThaiGAP in Thailand

Project Code : 16-AG-04-GE-TRC-B, Training of Trainers in the GLOBALG.A.P.

Standard for Greater Market Access 5 – 10 December 2016, Lahore, Pakistan

Presented by Pathom Taenkam

December 7, 2016 pathomt@gmail.com

1. Western Cluster Group

2. The Development of Private Voluntary Standard :

ThaiGAP and Benchmarking Process

3. ThaiGAP Level 2 for Domestic Market

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In August 2002, Kenan Institute Asia, a non-profit organization

in sustainable development and several lecturers of Kasetsart

University meet to discuss the Cluster Concept* for GAP

development of fruit and vegetables. The geographical scope

aimed to cover vegetables farmers/growers of 4 provinces :

Rajburi, Kanchanaburi, Nakorn Pathom and Supanburi of the

western region.

Later, more meetings were organized with other stakeholders

(exporter, service provider, marketer, local government

agency).They collaborated with common interest and goal

supporting the GAP standard movement for the production of

fresh fruit and vegetables having acceptable quality and safety.

BACKGROUND

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_cluster 3

1. Western Cluster Group

The term business cluster, also known as an industry cluster,

competitive cluster, or Porterian cluster, was introduced and

popularized by Michael Porter in The Competitive Advantage of

Nations (1990). The importance of economic geography, or more

correctly geographical economics, was also brought to attention by

Paul Krugman in Geography and Trade (1991 …….

From Wikipedia :

A business cluster is a geographic concentration of interconnected

businesses, suppliers, and associated institutions in a particular

field. Clusters are considered to increase the productivity with which

companies can compete, nationally and globally…... Clusters are also very important aspects of strategic management. Michael Porter claims that clusters have the potential to affect

competition in three ways: by increasing the productivity of the

companies in the cluster, by driving innovation in the field, and by

stimulating new businesses in the field. According to Porter, in the

modern global economy, comparative advantage—how certain

locations have special endowments (i.e., harbor, cheap labor) to overcome heavy input costs—is less relevant

• By 2003, Western Cluster Group was formed in Kamphengsaen

Campus of Kasetsart University, Nakorn Pathom province, due to

increasing pressure of import/export regulations affecting growers

in the areas who were supplying exporters to the EU.

• Provincial strategy on food safety under the Thai Government

“Kitchen of the World Policy” to other projects such as intervention

project “Introducing Improved Food Safety Standard in the Fresh

Fruit and Vegetables Sectors” gained the Group recognition that

resulted in more support from organization such as GTZ, PTB of

Germany in later projects.

• Western Cluster Group organize training programs pertaining to

Western GAP that modified the control points of the EurepGAP

standard in the beginning. Trainings broaden cover capacity

building for farmers & exporters who seek GlobalG.A.P. certification

of Option 1 or 2 ie., QMS, documentation, train the trainers and etc.

5

Dec. 6, 2003 Announced the opening of Western Cluster GAP

Group and Agreement Signing of “Capacity Building Development on Competitiveness of the Western Cluster Group Project”

• Vice Rector of Kasetsart U. Kamphaengsaen Campus

• Deputy Director General of Dept.of Agriculture Extension

• Vice Governor of Nakorn Pathom Province

• Deputy Director of Kenan Institute Asia

• President of Western Cluster GAP Group

The Pathfinders 7

K.U. (Knowledge &

training) Suppliers Growers

Private Companies ie., Exporters

Government Agencies :

Services

Cluster initiative

Public Private Dialogue Government

Assisting Government

with Selected policy

and institutional reform

Changing mind sets

Media

Group Leadership University

8

MOU Signing Ceremony on Cooperation of Intervention

Project between KU and GTZ - TGPEC Program

• 2006, Western Cluster started the Farmer Group Quality

Management System under the Intervention project

“Introducing Improved Food Safety Standard in the Fresh Fruit and Vegetables Sectors (FS in FFV) ” 9

Continuality and consistency

in operation

Develop quality standard that comply with foreign market requirements

SWOT Analysis Market analysis local and export

markets

Private , Public and Institution working together in close

collaboration for mutual benefits

Drive forward to benchmark Western

Cluster GAP with GlobalG.A.P.

To Develop Inspection and certification body

Western Cluster Group

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Western Cluster GAP Logo

• Product Quality & Safety

• Product Standard

• Product Trust • Value Addition

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Hand on practice : farm visit giving guidance

24/11/59 CHUANPIS A. 12

Farm Advisors Training

20 local trainers derived from these trainings

CD-ROM of relevant documents of

EUREPGAP requirements provided

to farmer group’s QMS

Website

Posters

13

Soil and Nutrient Management training

24/11/59 CHUANPIS A.

GlobalG.A.P. Option 1 and Option 2

Technical Training for producer and the QMS team

• Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

• Safe use of Agrochemical

• Agriculture Equipment Maintenance

• Management of Empty Containers of Agrochemical

• First-Aid

• Personnel Hygiene

• Harvesting and Post Harvest Management

• Farm Recording and Records

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- Quality Audit (definition, audit structure, role and

responsibility of auditor, how to be good inspector, skill and

competency)

- Audit Plan, Audit team and Preparing of Check List

- Opening and Closing of Audit Meeting

- Inspection Report and Corrective Action Request

- Competency of Technical Provider (Farm Advisor)

Quality Management System : Internal Auditor Training

Internal Inspection and Internal Audit

CHUANPIS A. 16

ThaiGAP Implementation Project of Asparagus production and Traceability system

CHUANPIS A. 17

11 – 13 September 2007 GlobalG.A.P. Version 3 Trainer : Dr. Hay

12 – 14 July 2011

GlobalG.A.P. Version 4 Trainer : Dr. Friedrich Luedeke

25 - 27 Sept., 2006

EUREPGAP Version 2.1

Trainer : Dr. Friedrich Luedeke

GlobalG.A.P. Train the Trainers Workshop in Bangkok

Dr. Jim Tomecko of GTZ opened the Workshop

2. The Development of Private Voluntary

Standard : ThaiGAP and benchmarking process

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Note : The name ThaiGAP was created by Mr. Chusak Chuenprayoth

of KC Fresh Co., Ltd. For the development of the standard, It was later given to Board of Trade of Thailand

Why…..

• Product Liability laws – All producers and farmers

are responsible for providing safe product to consumers. ( Foreign and Domestic market )

• The rise on food safety concern – Consumers all over the world are more selective to choose quality

and safe food. They are also concern on

enviromental issues, farm workers’ health and etc.

• To establish competitiveness of Thai producers to

expand its global market share of agricultural

export to higher value market worldwide.

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…… Benefit

• SMEs and retailers – Varieties of safer food and agriculture products. Able to reduce cost and risk of non compliances to the law

• Expanding the market to both international and local thus increase revenue.

• Consumers – More choice to choose safe products : minimum pesticide residues and lower risk in harmful microorganisms

• Farmers – Upgrading agriculture product quality and safety. Have sustainable market. Better quality of life

due to minimum use of pesticide

• Sustainable agricultural development

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Objectives

• To set up a quality system and standard for Thai agriculture

production to the same level as the current world Good

Agriculture Practices Standard

• To provide knowledge for Thai small growers to be able to

produce products that can comply to their trade partners’

regulations and requirements

• To develop SMEs producers capability in competing with

other producers in the region

• To increase growers’ return and ensuring long term

sustainability in Thai agriculture

• To support the government’s “Kitchen of the World” project • To ensure effective traceability from producer to consumer

Note : Gratitude to Mr. Suvicha Mingkwan, Dr. Roongnapa Korpraditskul, Dr.Chuapis Aroonrunsikul and Dr. Chainarong Rattanakreetakul for information and slides of ThaiGAP benchmarking process. Some changes were made by the presenter

• A Private Voluntary Food Safety, Quality Standard,

Environmental and Sustainability for Thai Agriculture Products that complied with GLOBALG.A.P. Standard

• Initiated by the inspiration of the private and the public

sectors

- The Board Of Trade of Thailand

- Thai Fruit and Vegetable Producer Association

- National Food Institute

- Kasetsart University

- PTB and German Technical Cooperation (GTZ)

Introducing Thai Private Standard

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ThaiGAP Board

Secretariat office

Technical Assistant

Benchmarking process

Cluster process

Training process

ThaiGAP Stakeholder

Council (by invitation)

Retailers, Exporters,

Producers, Experts

Board of Trade of Thailand

NTWG

National technical

Working group ThaiGAP / GLOBALG.A.P.

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Organization Chart

BOTT

ThaiGAP Institute NTWG in FFV

NFI Secretariat office Kasetsart University

Technical support 1. Administration

2. Registration : Member 3. Co-ordination etc.

1.Budget Support

(Seminar) 2.Public Relation

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JGAP visit Thai NTWG at Western Cluster Office in 2007

24/11/59 26 Thai NTWG visited JGAP office in Tokyo in 2008

Bangkok : September 7, 2007 during the 8th EurepGAP Asia

Conference, Mr. Nigel Garbutt the chairman and Dr. Kristian

Moller, the managing director together pulled down the curtain of

EurepGAP display and behind appeared a hidden name. He

announced the standard will now be known as “GLOBALG.A.P.”

EurepGAP is now GlobalGAP

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On that occasion, ThaiGAP kicked off and announced its plan

to benchmark with GlobalG.A.P.

Thailand’s NTWG for ThaiGAP

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Countries with certification (2008)

Certified Suppliers (Option 1 and 2) • EU 56,347 • South+Central America

6,082

• Africa+Middle East

13,761

• Autralia+NewZealand

1,858

• Asia 3,115

GLOBALG.A.P. Standard

Thailand in 2009

Option 1 29 Option 2 748

Benchmark signing of JGAP and EurepGAP

on April 27, 2006

Benchmark signing : ChinaGAP

and EurepGAP on April 12,

2006.

On 24 February 2009

GLOBALG. A. P. announced

successful completion of the

benchmarking of ChinaGAP 30

October 17, 2007 : The Memorandum of Understanding

on Benchmarking of ThaiGAP Certification system

between the Board of Trade of Thailand and FoodPLUS

GmbH was signed at the Anuga Fair, in Cologne.

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Benchmark agreement of ThaiGAP with GLOBALG.A.P. was signed

in Bangkok by Mr. Nigel Garbutt and Mr. Chusak Chuengprayoth

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GLOBALGAP provides equivalency scheme of

practice. Assessment of application Standard /

certification scheme

The scheme is divided into 2 categories :

1). General Regulation and CPCC (Full

benchmarked scheme) and

2). Benchmarking Modified Check List (BMCL)

of owner standard or CPCC.

ThaiGAP standard chose the second category

the BMCL or Approved Modified Checklists 33

Benchmarking choice

Approved Standards

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Initial Step for Benchmarking Application

• Complete Benchmarking Cross-Reference Checklist (BMCL)

• Provide FoodPLUS GmbH with all relevant documentation that supports ThaiGAP’s claims regarding equivalence

• Sign contract with FoodPLUS GmbH

• Sign contract with

JAS-ANZ

• Send the mentioned documents to FoodPLUS GmbH and JAS-ANZ

• Remit Benchmarking Reviewer fees to JAS-ANZ

• Independent Technical Review by JAS-ANZ

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• On line Benchmarking Registration done

• Technical Review by consultant from Germany

- National Interpretation Guidelines

- Approved Modified Checklist

• Approval of Technical Review

- Expect to receive the approval from Dr.Jochen by end of May.

Example of follow up meeting on ThaiGAP project progress on May 2, 2008

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Thai translation interpreting the compliance criteria

Translate back to English

Technical review

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GLOBALGAP benchmarking procedure

• Application

• Preliminary technical review

• Peer review

• Independent technical review

• Independent witness assessment

• Technical Standards Committee (TSC) review

• Notice of intent to approve

• Provisional approval

• Approval 39

Farm Preparation 2 farms were chosen for the witness assessment

• Infrastructure

• Training of farmer’s owner, workers and etc.

• Documentation : preparation and review

• Farm process and implementation of the Approved

Modified Checklists (CPCC)

• Analysis & Testing for Plant Protection Products (PPP)

on remainant of chemical residues and harmful micro-organisms

Cost approximately : Baht 200,000 (US$ 5,800) 40

Farm preparation for independent witness assessment

41

Documents review

October 2009 : ThaiGAP witness assessment on 2 farms carried

out by JAS-ANZ in Nakorn Ratchasrima and Nakorn Pathom

42 JAS-ANZ is Joint Accreditation System of Australia and New Zealand

Benchmarking Cost

Standard owner application fee : Baht 180,000

Scheme owner witnessing fee :

Travel fare, hotel accommodation, etc : Baht 72,000

Local CB performing the farm audit : Baht 90,000

Total Baht 342,000 = US$ 10,000 (approximately)

Note : rounded cost figures currency exchange rate : Baht 34 = US$ 1

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9nbcQlv7z_g&sns=em

VDO of ThaiGAP Standard (English) can be found in youtube

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NSF-Cmi was ThaiGAP/GlobalG.A.P Certification body 8 producers were certified under ThaiGAP/GlobalG.A.P.

In July 2010, courtesy visit to the Secretariat of ChinaGAP in Beijing : to learn, understand and discuss on possibility of harmonization and cooperation between the two standards

Interpretation and Guidelines CPCC

Set up National Technical Working Groups (NTWG) 2007

Contract Agreement for Benchmarking Nov 2008

Witness Assessment by JAS-ANZ Oct. 2009

ThaiGAP benchmarked Approval May 2010

Western Cluster GAP initiated modeling EurepGAP v.1&2 in 2003 : WGAP, EurepGAP Training, Capacity building, Intervention projects etc.,

Project benchmarkingThaiGAP to GlobalG.A.P.: Preparation process,

At Present :ThaiGAP level 2 for domestic 2014, Primary ThaiGAP 2016

: GlobalG.A.P. Training, capacity building 2006/2007

Peer Review, technical review etc. submission of the interpretation

Consultation, interpretation, translation, correction

Why ThaiGAP for Domestic Market

• Facilitating the development of domestic food quality and food safety standard for local retailers who are interested to promote a higher level domestic standard

• Supporting the development of the ThaiGAP code of which the standard is between National QGAP standard and GLOBALGAP standard

Pilot test on 4 fruit and vegetables groups comprising of 50 farmers linking with key retailers

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3. ThaiGAP for Domestic Market

Thai Product Liability Law

Liability for Damages Arising from Unsafe Products Act 2551 B.E. (Product Liability Law) : effective on 23 February

2009. Imposing liability for unsafe products on manufacturers,

sellers, importers and others in the distribution chain.

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Government Agencies Controlling and Monitoring

Food and Drug Administration responsible for local products

not only in food alone but on other products such as cosmetics.

In 2017 FDA will start to inspect their Primary GMP Standard for fresh fruit and vegetables

Dept. of Agriculture (Competent Authority) responsible for

agricultural and agricultural related export ie. SPS and food

safety requirement from importing countries

NGO increase sample checking for remainant of chemical residues in fruit and vegetables selling in the market places

• Board of Trade of Thailand &

Thai Chamber of Commerce

• Geo-Informatics and Space

Technology Development

Agency (Public Organization)

• Kasetsart University

• National Food Institute (NFI)

• National Science of Technology

Development Agency

• Thai Retailer Association

• Thai Fresh Market Association

สถาบนัอาหาร

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Partners, Supporters & Sponsors

Local supermarkets involved :

1. Tops Supermarket

2. Tesco Lotus

3. Siam Macro

Certification Bodies :

1. NSF-Cmi Asia Pacific

2. TUV NORD Thailand 3. Control Union Thailand

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ThaiGAP has 2 types of certification

• Option 1 Individual Producer and

• Option 2 Producer Group

1. Individual Producer to be audited at a frequency of

once a year. All the critical control points is inspected

2. Producer Group

• comprising of more than 2 producers producing one

produce or several produce for the Producer Group

• must have a business entity

• must have a Quality Management System and assess by

internal inspector and CB. All the Group members has to

be internally inspected. The CB will perform the audit by

taking the square root of the Group members for the inspection. All Control Points must be assessed.

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Applying for the certification

• Fill in the application form and summit to ThaiGAP Institute

(application cost : Baht 2,400 covering 3 years period)

• Checklist of ThaiGAP Standard will be provided to the

producer

• The producer informs ThaiGAP Institute when farm(s) is

readied for the audit so that CB can be arranged ( manday

cost Baht10,000 for Higher Level and Baht 5,000 for Primary

but excluding traveling and accommodation cost)

• When the producer has been audited and approved by the

CB for certification, payment for the Certificate of Baht 6,000 covering 3 years period is to be settled

Total cost of the process depending on the distance and the

number of days it take to assess for example Option 2 with many producers would take longer time

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Primary ThaiGAP (2016) 24 control points Stressing on Food safety

ThaiGAP Higher Level (2014) 167 control points • Food safety • workers’ health, welfare

and safety • Environmental concern

QR code for traceability QR code for traceability

Certification body : ISO/IEC 17065 certified

Certification body : ISO/IEC 17065 certified

ThaiGAP Standard of FFV for local market

BASE Critical Control Points Criteria

Major Must)

Minor Must

Recommendation

Total

AF 10 16 1 27

CB 26 55 3 84

FV 35 18 5 58

Total 71 89 9 167

Note : AF : All Farm Base

CB : Crop Base FV : Fruit and Vegetables

Criteria for certification approval

100 % of the Major Must 95 % of the Minor Must

55

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• 17 producers of both Option have

been certified, they are mostly

suppliers of the Supermarkets and 2

were from Provincial Chamber of

Commerce

• 8 producers in the pipe line

• 1 producer in Laos PDR in

preparation

Certification approved for ThaiGAP Higher Level

Certification approved for

Primary ThaiGAP

• one producer ready to be approved

(Option 2) Sample of the Certificate

Training of producers

QR code supported by GISTDA

Geo-Informatics and Space Technology

Development Agency (Public Organization)

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The Use of ThaiGAP logo

• Fresh fruit and vegetables producers

that received the ThaiGAP certification

are allowed to apply ThaiGAP logo on

the package, product, and at the point

of sell

• ThaiGAP certification body will

assess the use of ThaiGAP logo

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Thank you for your attention

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