developing biomedical devices with bluetooth
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Developing Biomedical Devices with Bluetooth
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BLE is a low power wireless technology for Personal Area Networks:
Operates in 2.4 GHz with over-the-air throughput of up to 300 kbps (PHY Rate: 1 Mbps)
Optimized for low-power/coin-cell battery operation
Designed for Point-to-Point or STAR topologies
BLE devices are typically limited to a range of 10’s of meters
Smartphones are used for local control and as a Gateway to the Internet
Profiles target wearables, health & fitness, phone accessories, and medical
: Overview
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Medical Device Market
Changing demographics
Advent of Electronic Health Records
Increasing healthcare costs
Increased consumer health consciousness
Evolving patient-care models
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55
Annual Bluetooth Medical Device Shipments*
4.9M 22M2016 2019
*IHS
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Interoperability/Ease of Use
Why Medical + Bluetooth with Low Energy Functionality?
Low-power
Security
Coexistence
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Established medical device producers
Integrate multiple devices into medical ecosystem
Pivot focus to consumer
Adding Wireless to Mature Medical Applications
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Holter Monitor
Medical standard
Cardiac arrhythmias
24-72 hr. continuous
use
Doctor reviews data
Multifunction Patch
Monitor non-lethal events
Size/comfort factor
1-2 week battery life
Real-time data sharing
Potentially disposable
Electrocardiogram (ECG): Use Cases
Chest Strap
Wellness monitoring
Athletic applications
Single HRM sensor
Smartphone app
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Component New Gen Holter monitor Patch Chest Strap
Sensors 8-10 biotransducers Single biotransducer
Accelerometer
Temperature
Electro Chemical
Single biotransducer
Analog 12 channel mux
16-bit ADC
6 channel mux
16-bit ADC
12-bit ADC
MCU class Cortex-M4 Cortex-M4 Cortex M0
Memory 256k 256k 128k
Display Hi-end LCD No display No display
Battery Type Li-Ion CR2032 CR2032
Connectivity BLE BLE BLE
ECG: Requirements
1010
Old Gen:
2 functions: measure and store
Small memory
Basic display/UI
USB-PC connectivity
New Gen:
Input caloric data bolus recommendations
Insulin reminders/warnings
Share data immediately with doctor
LCD or export UI to cell phone
Wireless comm. with related wearables:
continuous glucose monitor
insulin pump
Blood Glucose Monitor: Use Cases
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Component Old Gen Requirements New Gen Requirements
Sensors/Analog 12-bit ADC
Electrochemical sensor
16-bit ADC
Electrochemical sensor
Temperature sensor
Mux
MCU class 16b or Cortex-M0+ Cortex-M4
Memory 64kB ROM + 64kB Flash 256kB Flash
Display LCD LCD
Battery Type AAA Li-Ion
Connectivity None/USB Bluetooth
Proprietary
Blood Glucose Monitor: Requirements
1212
Mary’s Story
1313
MCU
BLE
MUXAmplifier
Electrochemical
Sensors
Temp Sensor
Prop
Glucose Meter
ADC
6.0mmol/L
1414
6.0mmol/L
1515
6.0mmol/L
1616
6.0mmol/L
1717
6.0mmol/L
1818
6.0mmol/L
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2020
Startup oriented
New, undefined markets
Small size and unobtrusive
New Applications Enabled by Wireless
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Value: Parental “peace of mind”
Consumer focus puts importance on:
Connectivity – wireless, phone app, share with
family/clinicians
Convenience – small, low power, ease of use
Old sensor tech for new applications
Temperature
Heart Rate
Pulse oximetry used to prevent SIDS
Accelerometers track breathing/movement
Infant Monitors
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Value: Improving prescription adherence
Add simple sensor + BLE to make medication smart
Reminders via device (LED) or phone (app)
Track own/family member’s medication habits
Use in clinical trials for higher accuracy and insights
Connected Medication
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Value: Improve medical operational efficiency
Hospitals need to lower costs
Asset tracking/geofencing
Use case in nursing homes/Alzheimer’s patients
BT 4.0 adds new adv. modes for ultra low power
ADV_NONCONN_IND
ADV_DISCOVER_IND
Medical Location Beaconing
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Evolving use-case & features of Bluetooth Low Energy
Point-to-Point
Smartphone, cloud &
connectivity (4.X)
Indoor Positioning
Beaconing (4.X)
Precise Location (Future)
Smart Mesh
Flooding (Phase 1)
Routing (Phase 2)
Higher Data Rate
Extended Packets (4.2)
2 Mbps PHY (BT 5.0)
Longer Range
Higher TX Power (4.X)
Long Range PHY (5.0)
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Bluetooth SoC Tools, Modules, SDK, & Ref Designs
Introducing the Blue Gecko
ARM Cortex-M4, 40 MHz
HW Crypto Accelerator (AES, ECC, SHA)
RTC, Timers, Oscillators
Integrated DC/DC
Low active/sleep currents
1.85-3.8 V
Multi-protocol radio
2.4 GHz +19.5 dBm PA
Sub-GHz +20 dBm PA
32-256 kB Flash
16-32 kB RAM
QFN, CSP options
ADC, USARTS, I2C
Timers/PWM/Comparator
Pulse counter
Software Stacks
• Bluetooth Smart
• Proprietary RAIL, Connect, Sigfox
BLE Modules
Demos
• Blue Gecko + HRM Watch
Simplicity Studio
• Application Notes
• Data sheets
• Reference Manuals
• Driver Libraries
• Application Builder
• Network Analyzer
• Advanced Energy Monitor
• Part configuration
• Modem calculator
• Packet configurator
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Thank You!
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