developing an infrastructure for viral communication between · pdf file ·...
TRANSCRIPT
Canadian Journal on Computing in Mathematics, Natural Sciences, Engineering & Medicine Vol. 1, No. 3, April 2010
94
Developing an infrastructure for viral communication between remote towns using power line carrier (PLC) and
Automatic Radio Position System (APRS).
William Camilo Reynoso, Javier Bustamante, Luis Joyanes, Lucio Colaiacomo
Abstract: The project is based on creating an infrastructure of communications
network for the aims of the connectivity enters the users the Internet of viral form,
distributed and burglaryable; where: with several accounts of Internet distributed
in the systems and the installation of a software designed for such aims, antennas
of connection and modest computers; we can accede to the Web without decline of
the bandwidth, as it would happen in the case of a standard serial connection. It is
tried to make use of resources of great robustness; as PLC (Power Line Carrier)
managed through the mains that are used in the service of energy that connects to
the towns and cities in the national system of distribution of power, and the
versatility and simplicity of communication via radio frequency and/or via
satellites amateurs that uses the viral system APRS (Automatic, Position Radio
System), networks between computers and the satellite link.
Key Words:
Digital inclusion of distant towns, Social impact of the viral communication,
Telephony: voice on IP, TV on IP, Blogs and video-blogs, Cultural diversity and
democratization of the communication through computer, social Appropriation of the
technology
INTRODUCTION
Due to the great existing digital breach in our Country, it must to the access difficulty
to the Internet of a thickness of the Dominican population partly that lives in distant
places.
In our strategy of scientific work the following actions are declared: • a) The design of
a platform of Internet by PLC and APRS with viral networks by computers. • b) The
implementation of an electronic system of communication that makes possible the
access and the connection enters distant regions and towns, using the networks of
electrical distribution and the Radio frequency by wireless means. • c) To implement the
Technologies of the Information and the Communications (TICS) with the use of the
elements of agile and economic a viral network of computers, burglaryable.
2.0 METHOD
In future the methodologies and the components of the technologies for the
development of the platform appear: For the accomplishment of this project the method
of scientific research with the instruments of the bibliographical revision has been used,
the accomplishment of surveys and interviews, the search in the Web, the analysis of
experts and the experimentation of field. [UPM01] We have analyzed the theory on the
viral communication of the Dr. Andrew Lippman, that is the Founding Associate
Director of the recognized and influential International Means Laboratories of MIT.
[Media Lab 02] In his more than 30 years of race the Technological Institute of
Canadian Journal on Computing in Mathematics, Natural Sciences, Engineering & Medicine Vol. 1, No. 3, April 2010
95
Massachusetts (MIT), has created several research programs about networks, radio
communication, interactivity, entertainment, personal computers and graphical. How
creative and head of the viral communications program of the laboratories and Co-
director of the Interdisciplinary program of the future communications in MIT, the Dr
Lippman is recognized like one of the main authorities world-wide level, in Viral
Communication, and how this one explosive and new discipline will generally
transform the industry of the telecommunications and the businesses. http://fct.dell-
events.com/latc/mexico/mexicocity/agenda/ The Dr. Lippman is one of the founders of
centers Media Lab was the technology for the developing world, work that continues
with projects like the One Laptop Rep Child project and other works.
2.1 STRUCTURE AND PARTS OF THE PLATFORM
Paradigm of the viral communication of computers 1
Fig.1 associative Connectivity ¨viral¨ of the platform Paradigm of the viral
communication of computers 2
Fig.2 Bandwidth and capacity of viral versus conventional nodes
The viral diffusion is burglaryable, and in addition it adds value. Intelligence is placed
in the ends, the costs are low, the systems are agile. Source: adapted of carrierless
Communications. Lippman_TWHK051123.
2.2 VIRAL NETWORK TIPS
• Free knowledge and viral networks like contagion strategy free Knowledge. • Keys
for an open society • Concept created by Andrew Lippman (MIT) • It is a
Canadian Journal on Computing in Mathematics, Natural Sciences, Engineering & Medicine Vol. 1, No. 3, April 2010
96
communications network without infrastructure of communications. • It uses each
computer connected to her like host and reproducer of the communication flow. • The
users create their own infrastructure. • The communication takes place as a virus
scatters itself • Revolution: complete decentralization, logic and physics.
Fig.3 typical viral Cell 2.3
2.3 INNOVATION OF THE VIRAL NETWORKS
• burglaryable • Incrementals • Cooperatives
• The viral systems are innovating by their modularity and the distribution of their
capacity - intelligence is in the ends
• Examples: Internet, fax, Ethernet networks. [Universia 03]
2.4 Characteristics
• We became independent from the telephone infrastructure (last mile) to connect to us
• The viral network is more open to the innovations, is more flexible when not being
cradle in a central system
• It places intelligence in each knot of the connection, and not in the servant of a
supplier
• It has the capacity to autoconfigurate itself based on the number of connected
computers
Fig.4 viral Association of cells
• Each user is an antenna
• He will demand new algorithms that guarantee the continuity of information flow if
one of the nodes falls
Canadian Journal on Computing in Mathematics, Natural Sciences, Engineering & Medicine Vol. 1, No. 3, April 2010
97
• The algorithm will have to be able to redirect the data flow towards other nodes
• The computers connected to the network work like retransmitters
• Whatever more computers are connected, smaller it will be the distance among them,
and better it will be the communication
• The viral network mesh has a topology
• Whatever more users, better
• With the broadband, each new connected computer tends to congest the traditional
network
• In the network mesh, whatever more machines are working in an area, more ways will
be available for the propagation of the communication, avoiding overloadings.
• The network mesh is a shared in common network that works better whatever more
machines share its connectivity
• Million children with laptops of 100 dollars-> enormous mass of retransmitters
necessary to make the viral communication viable.
2.5 APPLICATIONS
• Communitarian municipal networks/ • Roadcasting (http://roadcasting.org), • that
mesh tries to use networks • in order to transform cars into emitters • and music
receivers
• Examples of experiences • Roofnet (Cambridge) • Digital Tiradentes • Taipei (10,000
points of aceso: 90% of the city • Philadelfia (investment of of U$ 10 Ms to cover 217
km2s. • Players • Ember (Bob Metcalfe, father of Ethernet), Firetide, Tropos and
PacketHop, Motorola.
2.6 MORE VIRAL EXAMPLES
•Spreadsheets: More users => more applications • •Napster, Emulates: More users =>
more music available • •Skype: More users => more interchanges • Mesh technologies:
Skype • Application Peer-to-peer VoIP (voice on IP) • First version: October of 2003 • 7
mill. of users the first year, more than 50 at the moment • IM, Audio and video-
conference, mail of voice (voice-mail), etc • Open API; viral operation • Skype-out,
2004; Skype-in, 2005, Skype-cast 2006. • Bought by Ebay in September of 2005 by
$2.5/4.1 Billion • Viral growth
3.0 PRESENTATION OF THE TECHNICAL STRUCTURE THAT
SERVES AS SUPPORT OF THE PROJECT
3.1 CONNECTIVITY TO THE INTERNET BY PLC
In this section the schematic blocks of the control logic appear Web and some details of
the development of the prototypes, like some photos during the development of the
project with the students:
Canadian Journal on Computing in Mathematics, Natural Sciences, Engineering & Medicine Vol. 1, No. 3, April 2010
98
Fig 5 conventional Architecture search in the Web
Fig.6 Implementation of prototypes
3.2 CONNECTIVITY TO THE INTERNET BY PLC AND APRS
Canadian Journal on Computing in Mathematics, Natural Sciences, Engineering & Medicine Vol. 1, No. 3, April 2010
99
Fig 7 Typology of the complete propose communication structure by the author
Fig.8 Tests of communication of the prototypes
Canadian Journal on Computing in Mathematics, Natural Sciences, Engineering & Medicine Vol. 1, No. 3, April 2010
100
Fig.9 Interchange of experiences for the development of abilities and competitions in
the investigating junniors students
4.0 FORMS IN WHICH THE SYSTEM WORKS
• In any electrical plug of the address through Modems PLC, all type of devices like
computers, printers, Telephony IP, Cameras Web and generally all the devices that
conform the applications of the denominated Domotics.
As the structuring of a new network LAN is observed does not need the assembly of
additional wirings but it already uses the existing mains of the address, this constitutes
one of the main advantages of technology PLC. • Systems PLC are typically
Symmetrical meaning that work in two-way traffic, are bidirectional.
When they are used the networks of average Tension for the transmission of the
electrical signal require additional devices denominated Baypass that allow when
coming out to pass the signal of RF of the entrance of Average Tension of Low Tension
in the transforming of distribution MT-BT.
4.1 DETAILS OF CONNECTIVITY IN THE HOMES
In the accountant of each home several possibilities can be presented/displayed. For the
case in that the access to Internet and telephony IP is only required, the signal it follows
until the final equipment (for example a computer), which is connected, through a
Modem PLC or Equipment of Abonnated (CPE) connected to any current taking of the
mains of the house or address. Modem PLC isolates the signal of electric power of •
60Hz, extracts the communication signal it demodulates and it extracting the data that
give (by means of an interface USB, wireless Ethernet or) to the terminal equipment. •
Another case that can appear is to place in the transformer a Gateway of the Home that
allows to structure a network LAN to the interior of the home. To this network they are
possible to be connected. [DataSAE 04].
4.2 DETAILS ON TECHNOLOGY PLC
Technology PLC uses the already existing networks of electrical distribution of loss and
Average Tension for the information and data transmission. The electrical energy
arrives at the users in the form of AC voltage from LF (50 or 60Hz) and in parallel way
the PLC uses carriers of high frequency (the usable band in the last covers from 1MHz
Canadian Journal on Computing in Mathematics, Natural Sciences, Engineering & Medicine Vol. 1, No. 3, April 2010
101
to 45MHz and 200MHz equipment) to transport the data. As state of the technique we
have considered the works of Tecnocom, the company leader at world-wide level in
subjects of internetworking PLC. Tecnocom is to partner of DS2, a Valencian company
that has developed the technology of access by PLC, that is to say, DS2 are those that
have designed the Chips for modems PLC. Tecnocom uses as this technology and is the
company that later energetics contract to the companies: ENDESA, Iberdrola, etc that
wants to offer services of PLC (Power Line Communication). [Tecnocom 05].
http://www.consumer.es/web/es/tecnologia/internet/2005/07/21/143900.php.
4.3 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF THE PLC
Fig. 10 schematics power line carrier (cortesy of archnetco)
4.4 MODEM FOR THE INTERFACES OF THE PLC
Present below we can observe what this plc company offer.[archnetco 06].
Canadian Journal on Computing in Mathematics, Natural Sciences, Engineering & Medicine Vol. 1, No. 3, April 2010
102
Fig.11 modem interfaces (cortesy of archnetco)
5.0 BASIC EQUIPMENT - RADIO FOR APRS (System of Automatic
positioning by Radio).
Fig. 12 Transceiver Radio
These equipment makes possible the communication between the remote towns, serving
like connectors of the internet network; this is realised using a VHF Radio Transceiver
Amateur operating in 144.390 Mhz. (Dominican Rep.). In each one of the ends of the
communication system. [APRS 07] http://www.qsl.net/eb1frk/aprs.htm
5.1 TRANSCEIVING RADIO
The radius would have to be “to transceiver” that as system APRS uses to a system of
detection against collision to know how when to send the data. Its rank of cover will
depend on the power of the transmitter and the land.
5.2 CONNECTIVITY BY RADIO FREQUENCY TO THE INTERNET
Canadian Journal on Computing in Mathematics, Natural Sciences, Engineering & Medicine Vol. 1, No. 3, April 2010
103
Fig.13 Connetivity cloud (cortesy of1frk/aprs)
5.3 LAYERS OF THE IP FOR APRS
Fig.14 Messages and Maps through a system APRS and the Internet with the
possibility of using satellites. (cortesy of archnetco)
6.0 CONCLUSIONS
The implementation of the propose platform allows to take the Internet us of economic
way to remote places from a pair of subscriber accounts and in addition it allows to the
following possibilities and make question us: • The viral possibilities allow economic
access to the Internet through great distances. • In the education: the students are those
that they innovate, the infrastructure makes more rigid to the system. •
Communications: Intelligence is now in the terminals, They will be marginalized the
suppliers? • Social appropriation of the technology. In the area of the health: the patients
as group knows more than the doctor. The psychologist average Lee only a magazine
Canadian Journal on Computing in Mathematics, Natural Sciences, Engineering & Medicine Vol. 1, No. 3, April 2010
104
per month. • The Internet is not more than a tool than knowing as it works can remove
to major benefit and this is what I have learned investigating and I hope that is used for
future references.
7.0 BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES
[UPM01] UPM, School of Mines. www.minas.upm.es. [consults: 25 March 2008].
[Media Lab 02]. MIT. http://fct.dell-events.com/latc/mexico/mexicocity/agenda/
[consults: 02 of April 2010]
[Universia 03] Universia, Network.
www.universia.edu.pe/noticias/principales/destacada.php?id=16338 [consults: 26
March 2008].
[DataSAE 04] DataSAE Ltda. Construction of Software. [consults: 02 of April 2010]
[Tecnocom 05]. Tecnocom,
http://www.consumer.es/web/es/tecnologia/internet/2005/07/21/143900.php. [consults:
02 of April 2010]
[archnetco 06]. MODEM FOR THE INTERFACES OF THE PLC .
http://archnetco.com/english/product/network.htm. [consults: 02 of April 2010].
[APRS 07]. Automatic radio position System, http://www.qsl.net/eb1frk/aprs.htm
[consults: 02 of April 2010]
8.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY
[1] AGUINSKY, Ricardo D.: Learning to use 7L430 (to zener programmable), Art. in
Electronic Telegraphic Magazine, Versus. Ace., Arbó, November 1984, Nº 857, pp.
1612-18.
[2] AGUINSKY, Ricardo D.: Learning to use the 723, Art. in Electronic Telegraphic
Magazine, Versus. Ace., Arbó, October-December 1985, Nº 867-69.
[3] AGUINSKY, Ricardo D.: Learning to use 78L05, Art. in Electronic Telegraphic
Magazine, Versus. Ace., Arbó, December 1984, Nº 858, pp. 1748-52 and 1761.
[4] ALDAO, C., CINER, E. and LOFFLER, D.G.: Simple and Economic
Nanoamperímetro, Art. in Electronic Telegraphic Magazine, Versus. Ace., Arbó,
November of 1981, Nº 824, pp. 1055-56.
[5] ANGELO, E.J.: Electronic circuits, Mexico, McGraw-Hill, 1971.
[6] ALBERT, Arthur Lemuel: Electronics and Electronicses, Barcelona, Reverté, 1962.
[7] ALLEY, Charles L. and ATWOOD, s/n: Electronic engineering, Mexico, Limusa-
Wiley, 1971.
[8] BONELL, Marin: Technique and Practice of the Frequency modulation, s/d.
[9] BOSE, B.K.: Power Electronics and AC Drives, New Jersey, Pentice-Hall, s/f.
[10] J.B. Anderson, Digitalis Transmission Engineering (Piscataway, N.J.: IEEE Press,
1999).
[11] R.B. Ash, Information Theory (New York: Wiley, 1965).
[12] CAGE, John M.: Theory and Application of Industrialist Electronics, Ney York,
McGraw-Hill, 1951.
[13] EYEBROWS, Ulises J.P.: Transistors in Television receivers, Versus. Ace., Arbó,
1975.
Canadian Journal on Computing in Mathematics, Natural Sciences, Engineering & Medicine Vol. 1, No. 3, April 2010
105
[14] CLEAR, Fernando M.: Projects of Bows of Enlistment of Phases, Art. in
Electronic Telegraphic Magazine, Versus. Ace., Arbó, December 1983, Nº 847, pp.
1418-22 and 1430
[15] CLEAR, Fernando M.: Demoduladores Linear of BLU, Art. in Electronic
Telegraphic Magazine, Versus. Ace., Arbó, August 1981, Nº 821, pp. 696-00 and 713.
[16] CLEAR, Fernando M.: Analysis and Design of Modulators of Frequency with
Varactores Diodes, Art. in Electronic Telegraphic Magazine, Versus. Ace., Arbó,
August 1977, Nº 776, 572-75 and 582. [17] COLAVITA, Paschal A.: Half-wave
dipoles, Art. in Electronic Telegraphic Magazine, Versus. Ace., Arbó, November 1983,
Nº 846, pp. 1305-6 and 1315.
[18] CUTLER, Philip: Circuit analysis with Semiconductors, Mexico, McGraw-Hill,
1978.
[19] D´AZZO, John J.: Red-supply systems of Control, Madrid, Paraninfo, 1980.
[20] FRANTISEK, Michele: Digital Sinusoidal generator of Ample Reach, in Art. of
Magazine Telegraphic Electronics, Versus. Ace., Arbó, September 1989, Nº 910, taken
from Electronics & Wireless World.
[21] GARDNER, s/n: Phaselock Techniques, s/d.
[22] GRAY, Paul R. and MEYER, s/n: Analysis and Design of Analog Integrated
Circuits, New York, John Wiley & Sons, s/f.
[23] Haykin & Veen, Signals and Systems., 2001 go.
[24] LANDEE, Robert W.: Electronic Designer´s Handbook, New York, McGraw-Hill,
1957.
[25] LATHI, L.P.: Introduction to the Theory and Systems of Communication, Mexico,
Limusa, 1974.