designing cell-compatible hydrogels for biomedical applications
DESCRIPTION
Designing Cell-Compatible Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications. GROUP 6 Anthony Scheller Lamees Elnihum Kyle Belleville Michael Li. Colorful hydrogels !. http://cdn.arstechnica.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/hydrogels.jpg. Abstract. The many uses of hydrogels !. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Designing Cell-Compatible Hydrogels for Biomedical
Applications
GROUP 6
Anthony Scheller Lamees Elnihum
Kyle BellevilleMichael Li
http://cdn.arstechnica.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/hydrogels.jpg
Colorful hydrogels!
Abstract
http://sticky.kaist.ac.kr/menu2/menu3.php
The many uses of hydrogels!
Hydrogels will provide new and improved methods of regenerative medicine, biotechnology, pharmacology, and biosensors in the near future
Hydrogels can influence cell behavior by mimicking the extracellular matrix
Hydrogels can influence the cell behavior and its biochemical and biophysical processes
IntroductionHydrogels
Polymer chains that are typically hydrophilic, usually highly absorbent and very flexible
Hold potential in biomedical field due to water-carrying capacity Can hold up to 600x their weight
in water!
Can hold many times there weight and flexible!
Can be used in contact lenses
www.stevespanglerscience.com
www.meyevisionkaty.com
Numerous applicationsStem CellsTissue EngineeringCell TherapyContact LensesCancer Treatment
From Left to Right: Polymer powder; polymer powder added to a drop of water; hydrogel (after cross-linkage); dehydrated hydrogel (retains overall shape); sesame seed shown for scale
Introduction
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/336/6085/1124.full.pdf?sid=95c7472c-bef1-44cc-afed-e1144483d428
Water-borne microgels in suspension containing several immobilized molecules – highlights possibilities for injectable hydrogel drug delivery
Introduction
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/336/6085/1124.full.pdf?sid=95c7472c-bef1-44cc-afed-e1144483d428
“Gel-in-gel” experiment: Hydrogels can be tested to determine if they are sustainable inside other hydrogels
Introduction
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/336/6085/1124.full.pdf?sid=95c7472c-bef1-44cc-afed-e1144483d428
A microgel containing fluorescently labeled cells – highlights potential uses in cell delivery for tissue regeneration
Introduction
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/336/6085/1124.full.pdf?sid=95c7472c-bef1-44cc-afed-e1144483d428
Encapsulated fibroblast cells – for studying cell behavior; may advance cancer and stem cell research
Introduction
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/336/6085/1124.full.pdf?sid=95c7472c-bef1-44cc-afed-e1144483d428
Basic Concepts/PrinciplesHydrogels applicable in the
biological and medical fields
http://cdn.arstechnica.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/clay_hydrogel.jpg
Hydrogels mimic the extracellular matrix, which naturally provides structural support in a cell & contains human proteins and other fibers
Above: Diagram of the extracellular matrix in which the hydrogel must be able to survive
Basic Concepts/Principles We can design
hydrogels to have specific functions in the body: Achieve specific
interactions between hydrogels and the human body
Typically semi-synthetic hydrogels to allow for natural proteins to help
Research is currently being done to try to develop human- compatible hydrogels at Purdue University
news.uns.purdue.edu
Basic Concepts Is the hydrogel
compatible with the body? Specific molecular
interactions at the cell-material interface
In the 1990’s, natural proteins were used to create a hybrid structure that was able to control certain properties brought about by a synthetic constituent http://www.pharmainfo.net/
files/u4117/ud-hydrogels-20261.jpg
Hydrogels having molecular interactions on the top allows special properties such as ability to hold pigmentation as shown above
Basic ConceptsResearch in the 1990’s
has led to what we have todayMost notably
polyethylene glycol mimicking collagenase substrates found in natural proteins Polyethylene glycol can act
as a collagenase substrate found in extracellular matrix proteins
An advantage of this is that they are very strong and elastic allowing for high chances of survival in the body www.drugfuture.com
Polyethylene Glycol structure and the bottle below of polyethylene glycol allows for numerous advantageous properties
Center: fully hydrated hydrogel (blue) with encapsulated cell (brown)
A: Dense Hydrogel Structure allows for protection from unwanted objects to seep through
B: Porous Hydrogel allows for permeability of objects such as nutrients to flow
C: Self-assembled hydrogel is more automatic for the cell to converge to a practical structure for the any particular environment
D: Fibrous hydrogel allows for structure in the cell.
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/336/6085/1124.full.pdf?sid=95c7472c-bef1-44cc-afed-e1144483d428
Basic Concepts
“Work Performed”Paper is a discussion on
past projects that have and will help with future development, rather than an analysis of lab work data
More of a focus on development, application, and future research of hydrogels in a medical environment
Paper specifically mentions: Degradation BioadhesionBioactiviyTransportMechanical properties
Hydrogel has many structural properties that allow for its utility
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/336/6085/1124.full.pdf?sid=95c7472c-bef1-44cc-afed-e1144483d428
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/336/6085/1124.full.pdf?sid=95c7472c-bef1-44cc-afed-e1144483d428
Chemical properties that allow structural advantages of the hydrogel. All of the letters show the different types of bonds involved in the hydrogel.
BiodegradationEssential for applications that
require a controlled absorptionAchieved by controlling the
amount of hydrolytically liable cross-links in the polymer networkThis results in more efficient
tissue repair Implants with oligopeptides
that have facilitated a reabsorption rate that is relatively close to the normal repair timeline outperformed other material options
Wound care
products used for tissue repairhttp://jan.ucc.nau.edu/~daa/woundproducts/
duoderm.jpg
BioadhesionAllows cells and tissues
to adhere to other components in the body
Important in surgeries and tissue regeneration
Bioadhesive features can be engineered using linker molecules enabling covalent/non-covalent molecular interactions between the implant and surroundings
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/310/5751/1139/F1.large.jpg
•Above: example of studying bioadhesion: Experimentally straining a tissue, skin, muscle, & brain cell to observe and better understand their functions and determine how and what kind of new materials (such as hydrogels) can be made to aid them
Bioadhesion cont.3rd degree burn treatment: Hydrogels help
grow new, scar-free skin
http://nextbigfuture.com/2011/12/in-third-degree-burn-treatment-hydrogel.html
BioactivityBioactivity in hydrogels is useful for materials that
mediate specific biological events in the body based on:Endogenous cell recruitmentLocal morphogenesisControlled cell differentiation
http://coledeforest.com/publications.html
Illustration of process – Isolate cells from body; observe and apply experiments towards cells to better understand them; design new materials such as hydrogels to aid cell function/goal
TransportHydrogel porosity
Can regulate a therapeutic drug’s diffusion through the polymer network depending on the drug’s properties
Important in tissue engineering
Drug molecular size (relatively large or small?)Hydrogel structure can be
engineered to limit mobility and modulate release kinetics
Injectable biomaterials (hydrogels) for tissue
engineeringhttp://ej.iop.org/images/1748-605X/7/2/024104/Full/bmm406403f3_online.jpg
Mechanical PropertiesConvey important
physical cues to cells by mediating:HomeostasisMorphogenesisCell growthContractilityDifferentiationPathophysiology
Hydrogels’ toughness and flexibility can be engineeredIncrease fracture
stiffness vs. retaining water content
Determining hydrogel stiffness based on tissue typehttp://www.excellness.com/background-
en3.html
ConclusionsPaper laid out a path for
future development Good synthesis of past
research papers that helped present the basic understandings of medical applications of hydrogels allowing for development
Discussed specifically how to accomplish future goals with specified attributes
Choosing hydrogels versus other methods based on desired goal
http://www.tebu-bio.com/index.php?module=tech-info&id_cms=117&type_cms=3
AssessmentImprovements
Could have taken into account other properties the medical industry might need in a hydrogel
Discuss the possibility of expanding the use of hydrogels to appeal to a larger market and producing hydrogels on a larger scale
Go into detail of applicationsFollow Up
Lots of future development leading to synthesizing hydrogels and testing them on lab animals, eventually leading to human applications
AnalysisApplications of hydrogels are broadTailoring hydrogels to personal specifications is important in
medical industry
http://www.innovent-jena.de/en/INNOVENT-/Departments/Biomaterials__185/
Hydrogels in a petri dish; synthesis of hydrogels for further testing
Further SuggestionsDiscuss, other than the practical examples
mentioned at the end of the paper, applications of hydrogels
Could use other sources to find out the potentials of tailored hydrogels and their specific uses
Discuss cost and feasibility of certain materialsOptimization of costs, economics
http://www.futurity.org/science-technology/create-retinas-from-%E2%80%98jell-o%E2%80%99/
Colorful hydrogels
A new way to create hydrogels has been developed by immobilizing
different proteins at the same time.
ReferencesArticle citation:
Science, 1 June 2012: Vol. 336 no. 6085 pp. 1124-1128
Article source:http://www.sciencemag.org/content/
336/6085/1124.full.pdf?sid=95c7472c-bef1-44cc-afed-e1144483d428
Other sources:http://arstechnica.com/science/2012/06/
organic-hydrogel-outperforms-typical-carbon-supercapacitors/