A Project Report

on

DESIGN OF NEW GIRLS HOSTEL BUILDING (G+5)

Project work submitted in partial fulfillment of the Requirement for the award

of the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY

IN

CIVIL ENGINEERING

SUBMITTED

BY

LINGALA ANVESH REDDY 12B95A0116

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

GURU NANAK INSTITUTIONS TECHNICAL CAMPUS

IBRAHIMPATNAM- 501506, RANGA REDDY DIST.

APRIL, 2015.

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that I carried out the project work presented in this report in partial

fulfillment of for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology during the

academic year 2014-15; in the Department of Civil Engineering, Guru Nanak

Institutions Technical Campus affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University

Hyderabad, under the supervision of Mr. K. Ramesh (Asst. Prof) I am very thankful for

his contribution.

I solemnly declare that to the best of our knowledge, no part of this report has been

submitted here or elsewhere in a previous application for award of a degree. All sources

of knowledge used have been duly acknowledged.

PROJECT MEMBER

LINGALA ANVESH REDDY 12B95A0116

GURU NANAK INSTITUTIONS TECHNICAL CAMPUS

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

IBRAHIMPATNAM-501506, RANGA REDDY DIST.

2015

APPROVAL CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project titled “DESIGN OF NEW GIRLS HOSTEL

BUILDING (G+5)” carried out by:

LINGALA ANVESH REDDY 12B95A0116

has been read and approved for meeting during part of the requirements and regulations

governing the award of the Bachelor of Engineering ( Civil )degree of Jawaharlal Nehru

Technological University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

...………………………….. …………………

Mr. K. Ramesh Date

(INTERNAL GUIDE)

...………………………….. …………………

Mr. PVSN Pavan Kumar Date

(ASSOCIATE PROF. & HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT)

...………………………….. …………………

(EXTERNAL EXAMINER) Date

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I wish to express my sincere thanks to Dr. H.S. Saini Managing Director,

Guru Nanak Institutions and Prof. R.K. Singh Associate Director, Guru Nanak Institutions

Technical Campus, School Of Engineering And Technology, for providing me with all the

necessary facilities and their support.

I place on record, my sincere thanks to, Mr. PVSN Pavan Kumar Associate

Professor and Head of Civil Engineering Department for his whole hearted co-operation,

providing excellent lab facility, constant encouragement and unfailing inspiration.

I also thank my internal guide, Mr. K. Ramesh, Assistant Professor, Civil

Engineering Department. I am extremely grateful and indebted to his for his sincere support

and encouragement extended for me.

I take this opportunity to record my sincere thanks to the senior professors of

the department of civil engineering for giving timely suggestions during the progress of the

project work.

Finally, I would like to thank my parents who have always encouraged me to do my best.

ABSTRACT

Structural design is the primary aspect of civil engineering. The very basis of

construction of any building, residential house or dams, bridges, culverts, canals etc. is

designing.

The foremost basic in structural engineering is the design of simple basic components

and members of a building viz., Slabs, Beams, Columns and Footings. For their design, an

architectural design is prepared using the Auto CAD. In order to design them, it is important

to first obtain the plan of the particular building that is, positioning of the particular rooms

such that they serve their respective purpose and also suiting to the requirement and comfort

of the inhabitants. Thereby depending on the suitability; plan layout of beams and the

position of columns are fixed. Thereafter, the vertical loads are calculated namely the dead

load and live load from IS: 875.

In this project, the design of G+5 floors Hostel building is done according to the

Indian standards. IS456 has been used for the reinforcement design. IS 875 has been used for

the estimation of all the loads on the structure viz. Dead Load, Live Load, and Wind Load.

Once the loads are obtained, the slabs are designed. Designing of slabs depends upon whether

it is one-way or a two-way slab, the end conditions and the loading. The analysis and

designing of beams & columns are done by the “STAAD PRO” software tool. The footings

are designed manually, after completion of designing the detailed estimation has to be carried

out.

NOTATIONS

A = Total area of section

𝐴𝑠𝑐 = Area of steel (compressive)

𝐴𝑠𝑡 = Area of steel (Tensile)

𝐴𝑠𝑡(+𝑣𝑒) = Positive moment reinforcement

𝐴𝑠𝑡(−𝑣𝑒) = Negative reinforcement

𝐴𝑠𝑣 = Total cross- sectional area of stirrup legs or bent up bars within distance

Reinforcement vertical

a = Longer dimension of column

𝐵 = Width of footing

B.M = Bending Moment

𝑏 = Shorter dimension of column

D = Over all depth

D.L = Dead load

𝑑 = Effective depth

𝐸𝑐 = Modulus of elasticity of concrete

𝐸𝑠 = Modulus of elasticity of steel

𝐹 = Shear force

𝑓𝑐𝑘 = Characteristic compressive strength of concrete

𝑓𝑦 = Yield strength of steel

H = Height

I = Moment of inertia

lx = Length of span in x-direction

ly = Length of span in y-direction

Lx = Effective span in x-direction

Ly = Effective span in y-direction

𝐿 𝑑 = Development length

L.L = Live load

M = Bending moment

𝑀𝑢 = Ultimate moment or factored moment

𝑀𝑢,𝑙𝑖𝑚 = Limiting moment of resistance

n = Depth of neutral axis

𝑃𝑢 = Ultimate load

𝑃𝑢𝑧 = Axial load capacity of column under pure axial load

𝑃 , = Reinforcement ratio (𝐴𝑠𝑡 /bd)

q = Shear stress

𝑞0 = Safe bearing capacity

qu = Soil pressure at ultimate load

S = Spacing

𝑉𝑢 = Factored shear force

𝑊𝑢 = Ultimate load

𝑤𝑢 = Ultimate uniformly distributed load

𝑥𝑢 = Depth of neutral axis (limit state design)

𝑥𝑢 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = Limiting or critical value of depth of neutral axis

𝜏𝑏𝑑 = Design bond stress

𝜏𝑐 = Design of shear strength of concrete

𝜏𝑐 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = Max. Shear stress in concrete with shear reinforcement

𝜏𝑣 = Nominal shear stress

∅ = Diameter of bar

Design codes used:

(a) IS: 456-2000

(b) IS: 875-1987(Part-I)

(c) IS: 875-1987(Part-II)

(d) IS: 875-1987(Part-III)

(e) SP: 34-1987

(f) SP: 16-1980

CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………. 1

1.1 CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDINGS……………………………………....... 1 1.2 ORIENTATION OF BUILDINGS…………………………………………..... 2 1.3 COMPONENTS OF BUILDING……………………………………………... 4

1.4 DESIGN PROCESS………………………………………………………….... 6 1.5 STAGES IN STRUCTURAL DESIGN……………………………………….. 6

1.6 DESIGN PHILOSOPHIES…………………………………………………….. 10 1.7 LOADS & MATERIALS…….………………………………………………... 11

2. DESIGN OF SLABS…………………………………………………….. 14 2.1 GENARAL…………………………..………………………………………… 14

2.2 DESIGN OF TWO WAY SLABS……………………………………………. 16 2.3 DESIGN OF ONE WAY SLABS……………………………….…………… 25

3. ANALYSIS & DESIGN OF BEAMS AND COLUMNS….………….. 28 3.1 INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………... 28

3.2 WORKING WITH STAAD PRO …………………………………………….. 28 3. 3 EXAMPLE DESIGN RESULTS OF BEAMS BY STAAD PRO ………..…. 30

3.4 EXAMPLE DESIGN RESULTS OF COLUMNS BY STAAD PRO…………39 3.5 CONCRETE TAKE OFF BY STAAD PRO…………………………………...46

4. DESIGN OF FOOTINGS………………………..……………………… 48 4.1 INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………….. 48 4.2 TYPES OF FOOTINGS……………………………………………………….. 48 4.3 DEPTH OF FOOTING………………………………………………………… 49

4.4 PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION UNDER FOOTINGS………………………… 49 4.5PRESUMPTIVE BEARING CAPACITIES…………………………………… 50

4.6 DESIGN OF FOOTINGS……………………………………………………… 75

5. DESIGN OF STAIRCASE…………………………..………………….. 58 5.1 INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………….. 58 5.2 TECHNICAL TERMS………………………………………………………… 59

5.3TYPES OF STAIRCASE……………………………..……………………….. 60 5.4 DESIGN OF STAIRCASE…………………………………………………… 61

6. BUILDING DRAWINGS……………………………………………….. 65

7. ESTIMATION AND COSTING……………………………….……… 68 7.1 INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………. 68

7.2 TYPES OF ESTIMATES…………………………………………………….. 68 7.3 DETAILED ESTIMATION………………………..…………………………. 69

7.4 BAR BENDING SCHEDULE ………………………………………………. 74

7.5 RATE ANALYSIS……………………………………………………………. 86

CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………….... 91

REFERENCE……………………………………………………………….92