design functions and solutions - gatech.edu
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PowerPoint PresentationDesign Functions and Solutions
C h r i s t o p h e r S a l d a n a , P h . D. W o o d r u f f S c h o o l o f M e c h a n i c a l E n g i n e e r i n g G e o r g i a I n s t i t u t e o f T e c h n o l o g y A t l a n t a , G e o r g i a , U S A
2
Learning Objectives
3
Consider what not how • Draw a box • Identify a verb • Identify a noun(s) on which the verb acts
Follow flows of energy, material, and information/signals. Consider interactions with external energy, material Break the function down as finely as needed • Fine enough to address customer needs • Fine enough for a single basic solution principle to satisfy each sub-function.
Guidelines for Functional Modeling
4
Define overall function Identify system boundaries Identify flows of Energy (E), Material (M), and Information (I) Identify interfacing objects that exchange E, M, or I Conserve E and M
Black Box Models
Stamp Form
Overall Function
Carpet squares packed in lots
Function Structure
6
Material Flow Main Function System Boundary
Signal Flow Auxiliary Function
Send Signal to combine
squares into one lot
7
8
9
7
7
7
7
Overall function and function structure variants of a dough-shaping machine for the manufacture of biscuits (in respect of the main flow only)
Example: Dough Shaping Machine
11
FA FB
Fulfilling sub-functions by solution principles built up of physical principles and form design features
FF
FN
(Mechanical) Squirt Material
(Chemical) Change paper composition
1 (Chemical)
(Electrical) Burn paper (spark)
(Electrical) Electrify Paper (glow
on (like Etch-A-Sketch)
1 (Thermal)
Melt on Mark (Magnetic)
Team #2 Team #2 Wax seals Gift Store
1 (Biological)
(Optical) Change light (hologram)
2 (Mechanical)
(like white out)
2 (Chemical)
color as a stain)
ETC.
Team #1 Team #2 Team #2
Example: Design of a Pencil Sub-function 1: Make an Erasable Mark Sub-function 2: Erase an Erasable Mark
Sub-func.
(Electrical)
(like Etch-A-Sketch)
Fisher Scientific
Team #3
Team #1
(Optical)
(Chemical)
Different Principles to Store Energy
Different working principles to satisfy the function “store energy” by varying the type of energy.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Battery
Liquid Res. Pot. E.
15
Morphological Chart
Generate Power
Transmit Power
Friction String Break Anchor Rubber Stopper Weighted Skid
Equal Size Wheels Larger Front Wheels
Rolling Sliding Projectile Launch
1 F1 S11 S12 S1j S1m
2 F2 S21 S22 S2j S2m
n Fn Sn1 Sn2 Snj Snm
Combination of Principles1 2 Combination 1: S11 + S21 + … + Sn1 Combination 1: S11 + S22 + … + Sn2
Sub-Functions
\Solutions
1
2
Elements • List critical functions and sub-functions • Sub-branches from a function or sub-function must
number 2 or greater • Do not specify specifications that are dependent on
design decisions, design choices come later!
Describing this figure in text • Describe the contents, not the tool itself! • What are critical functions?
See Ch. 3 in book for detail
20
Elements • Mechanisms for lowest level elements of
FT, match one-to-one • Diagrams to depict mechanisms • Labels to briefly name mechanisms
Describing this figure in text • Highlight key mechanisms/functions • Use a selection matrix to identify
mechanisms used in different designs • Use different mechanisms in designs
Summary – Morphological Chart
21
Learning Objectives
Change
Change
Change
Potatoes
I
E
24
Williams, C.B., Mistree, F. and Rosen, D.W. (2011), “A Functional Classification Framework for the Conceptual Design of Additive Manufacturing Technologies”, Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol. 133 No. 12, p. 121002.
26
Williams, C.B., Mistree, F. and Rosen, D.W. (2011), “A Functional Classification Framework for the Conceptual Design of Additive Manufacturing Technologies”, Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol. 133 No. 12, p. 121002.
27
Williams, C.B., Mistree, F. and Rosen, D.W. (2011), “A Functional Classification Framework for the Conceptual Design of Additive Manufacturing Technologies”, Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol. 133 No. 12, p. 121002.
28
Williams, C.B., Mistree, F. and Rosen, D.W. (2011), “A Functional Classification Framework for the Conceptual Design of Additive Manufacturing Technologies”, Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol. 133 No. 12, p. 121002.
Design Functions and Solutions
An Old Competition
Function Tree Diagram
C h r i s t o p h e r S a l d a n a , P h . D. W o o d r u f f S c h o o l o f M e c h a n i c a l E n g i n e e r i n g G e o r g i a I n s t i t u t e o f T e c h n o l o g y A t l a n t a , G e o r g i a , U S A
2
Learning Objectives
3
Consider what not how • Draw a box • Identify a verb • Identify a noun(s) on which the verb acts
Follow flows of energy, material, and information/signals. Consider interactions with external energy, material Break the function down as finely as needed • Fine enough to address customer needs • Fine enough for a single basic solution principle to satisfy each sub-function.
Guidelines for Functional Modeling
4
Define overall function Identify system boundaries Identify flows of Energy (E), Material (M), and Information (I) Identify interfacing objects that exchange E, M, or I Conserve E and M
Black Box Models
Stamp Form
Overall Function
Carpet squares packed in lots
Function Structure
6
Material Flow Main Function System Boundary
Signal Flow Auxiliary Function
Send Signal to combine
squares into one lot
7
8
9
7
7
7
7
Overall function and function structure variants of a dough-shaping machine for the manufacture of biscuits (in respect of the main flow only)
Example: Dough Shaping Machine
11
FA FB
Fulfilling sub-functions by solution principles built up of physical principles and form design features
FF
FN
(Mechanical) Squirt Material
(Chemical) Change paper composition
1 (Chemical)
(Electrical) Burn paper (spark)
(Electrical) Electrify Paper (glow
on (like Etch-A-Sketch)
1 (Thermal)
Melt on Mark (Magnetic)
Team #2 Team #2 Wax seals Gift Store
1 (Biological)
(Optical) Change light (hologram)
2 (Mechanical)
(like white out)
2 (Chemical)
color as a stain)
ETC.
Team #1 Team #2 Team #2
Example: Design of a Pencil Sub-function 1: Make an Erasable Mark Sub-function 2: Erase an Erasable Mark
Sub-func.
(Electrical)
(like Etch-A-Sketch)
Fisher Scientific
Team #3
Team #1
(Optical)
(Chemical)
Different Principles to Store Energy
Different working principles to satisfy the function “store energy” by varying the type of energy.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Battery
Liquid Res. Pot. E.
15
Morphological Chart
Generate Power
Transmit Power
Friction String Break Anchor Rubber Stopper Weighted Skid
Equal Size Wheels Larger Front Wheels
Rolling Sliding Projectile Launch
1 F1 S11 S12 S1j S1m
2 F2 S21 S22 S2j S2m
n Fn Sn1 Sn2 Snj Snm
Combination of Principles1 2 Combination 1: S11 + S21 + … + Sn1 Combination 1: S11 + S22 + … + Sn2
Sub-Functions
\Solutions
1
2
Elements • List critical functions and sub-functions • Sub-branches from a function or sub-function must
number 2 or greater • Do not specify specifications that are dependent on
design decisions, design choices come later!
Describing this figure in text • Describe the contents, not the tool itself! • What are critical functions?
See Ch. 3 in book for detail
20
Elements • Mechanisms for lowest level elements of
FT, match one-to-one • Diagrams to depict mechanisms • Labels to briefly name mechanisms
Describing this figure in text • Highlight key mechanisms/functions • Use a selection matrix to identify
mechanisms used in different designs • Use different mechanisms in designs
Summary – Morphological Chart
21
Learning Objectives
Change
Change
Change
Potatoes
I
E
24
Williams, C.B., Mistree, F. and Rosen, D.W. (2011), “A Functional Classification Framework for the Conceptual Design of Additive Manufacturing Technologies”, Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol. 133 No. 12, p. 121002.
26
Williams, C.B., Mistree, F. and Rosen, D.W. (2011), “A Functional Classification Framework for the Conceptual Design of Additive Manufacturing Technologies”, Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol. 133 No. 12, p. 121002.
27
Williams, C.B., Mistree, F. and Rosen, D.W. (2011), “A Functional Classification Framework for the Conceptual Design of Additive Manufacturing Technologies”, Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol. 133 No. 12, p. 121002.
28
Williams, C.B., Mistree, F. and Rosen, D.W. (2011), “A Functional Classification Framework for the Conceptual Design of Additive Manufacturing Technologies”, Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol. 133 No. 12, p. 121002.
Design Functions and Solutions
An Old Competition
Function Tree Diagram