design considerations - florida department of … · design considerations for ... ali i t...

July 2008

2008 Design Conference 1

DesignDesignConsiderations

for

Cyclists and PedestriansCyclists and Pedestrians

Overview

Wh A W D i i F• Who Are We Designing For• Challenges• Types of Projects• Basic Requirements

July 2008

• Rewards

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July 2008


Who Are We Designing For?

• Varying traffic skills

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Southwood, Tallahassee


• Diverse users of all abilities

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Whiting Field Extension of Blackwater Heritage Trail, Milton

July 2008



• Recreation versus transportation

St. Marks Trail, Tallahassee

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• Recreation versus transportation

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July 2008


Challenges

• Balance community values

• Manage i i f ti

July 2008

misinformation

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Types of Projects

• SidewalksSidewalks• Shared Use Path• Bike Lanes• Paved Shoulders

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July 2008


Sidewalk Basic Requirements (PPM 8.3)On SHS Off SHS

Width 5 feet(6’ if back of curb)

4 feet ( 4’ when constraints exist, 6’ if back of curb)

Separa-tion from Road-way

2 feet from back of curb(no current min. for flush shoulder roadways,

may defer to guidance for shared use paths, 5’ from outside edge of shoulder to inside edge of

path)

not specified, may defer to PPM

Grade Rec. ≤ 5%, ramps, ≤ 8.33%(may exceed 5% if following profile grade of adj.

roadway and constrained by right of way)

same

y y g y)

Cross Slope

≤ 2% same

Drop-offs > 10 inches & closer than 2 feet, or slopes steeper than 1:2 with total drop-off greater than 30 inches require shielding (drop-off's

over 30” use picket style handrail)

Not mandated but where drop-off hazards exceed 2’-

6”, use picket railing (not guiderail)

Sidewalk Requirements (Index 310)

July 2008 Page 10

July 2008


Sidewalk Requirements (Index 310)• Index No 310 (Sheet 1 of 2) Curbed Roadways

• The min. clear width was changed form 3’ to 4’ wide.• Note 1 was revised to read “Sidewalks shall be constructed in accordance with Section 522

of the FDOT Standard Specifications. Public sidewalk curb ramps shall include detectable warnings and be constructed in accordance with Index No. 304. Detectable warnings are not required where sidewalks intersect urban flared turnouts.”

• Index 310 (Sheet 2 of 2), Uncurbed Roadways• Note 2 was revised to read “Provide detectable warnings that extend the full width of the

sidewalk and 24” deep from the edge of pavement where sidewalks adjoin the following vehicular ways”

• side roads and streets • driveways with signalized entrances • driveways with entrance volumes greater than 600 vpd

July 2008 Page 11

• driveways with entrance speeds of 25 mph or greater • right in - right out composite driveways.

• Detectable warning surfaces shall conform to the requirements described in the General Notes of Index 304. To the extent practical, the rows of truncated domes in a detectable warning surface should be aligned to be perpendicular or radial to the street, roadway, or driveway, as applicable.

• For sidewalks continuous through driveways, detectable warning surfaces are not required.”

Sidewalk Requirements (Index 310)

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July 2008


Typical Sidewalk (no Utility Strip)

6’

4’ min.

walk-around

July 2008

Driveway “Turnout”

Index 515

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Typical Sidewalk (with Utility Strip)

5’ min.2’ min.

4’ min.

Curb Ramps

July 2008

Curb Ramps

Index 304

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July 2008


Sidewalk Joint Requirements

• Vertical drop of ¼” allowed• Between ¼” and ½”, trowel filler to 1:2

slope• More than ½”, trowel filler to 1:12 slope.

July 2008 Page 15

Curb Ramps

July 2008


Detectable Warnings

Sidewalk Slope and Grade

• Cross slope should be < or = 2 0%be < or = 2.0%

• Grade not to exceed 5%, unless sidewalk constrained within right of way (should not exceed grade of

July 2008

not exceed grade of roadway)

5% max. or match grade of roadway

2% max cross slope

July 2008


Drop-Off Requirements

>10” Requires railing!

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Don’t Forget the Obvious(4’ unobstructed path)

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July 2008


Shared Use Path Basic Requirements (PPM 8/6)On SHS Off SHS

Width 12 feet(6’ if one-directional)

10 feet recommended (8-12’ depending on volume. Mix of use, ( )

grades)

Separation from Roadway

5 feet from roadway(on flush shoulder roadways, 5’ from outside edge of shoulder to

inside edge of path)

5 feet from roadway (<5’ a physical barrier is

recommended, min. of 42 inches high).

Grade ≤ 5%(G d 5% h ld b

≤ 5%(G d 5% h ld b id d(Grades >5% should be

considered ramps, with max. slope of 8.33%, may exceed 5% if following slope of adj. roadway and constrained by right of way)

(Grades >5% should be considered ramps, with max. slope of 8.33%,

may exceed 5% if following slope of adj. roadway and constrained by

right of way)Cross Slope

≤ 2% ≤ 2%

Shared Use Path (con.)On SHS Off SHS

Drop-offs > 10 inches and closer than 2 feet, or slopes steeper than 1:2 with total

drop off greater than 30 inches

may defer to guidance for shared use paths on SHS

drop-off greater than 30 inches require shielding (drop-off's over

30” use picket style handrail)Horizontal Clearance

4 feet to lateral objects(maintain a 2-foot wide graded area

with max. 1:6 slope adj. to both sides of path)

3+ feet to lateral objects (maintain a min. 2-foot wide

graded area with max. 1:6 slope adj. to both sides of path)

5+ feet from canals, ditches, slopes > than 1:3

Vertical Clearance

8 feet(in underpasses and tunnels, 10 ‘

desirable)

same

Minimum Radii

At 20 mph design speed, 95 – 110 ft. min. radius

Use 20 mph design speed

July 2008


Shared Use Path (can't.)

On SHS Off SHSStopping Sight

At 20 mph design speed = 127 feet

may defer to guidance on SHSSight Distance

feet(at 30mph = 230 feet)

Traffic Control

Follow MUTCD(smaller signs, vertical sign edge off set from trail ≥ 3 feet, bottom

edge 4 -5 feet above trail)

may defer to guidance on SHS

Path Bridges

12 feet(or = to the approach path if path

Min. clear width = shared use path, plus the min. 2 feet wide clear areaBridges

(width)(or = to the approach path, if path

wider than 12’. Desirable clear width should include additional 2-foot wide clear area on each side)

plus the min. 2 feet wide clear area on each side

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Shared Use Path Basic Requirements

5% max.> 30”42” min

12’ min.

2% max.Picket Rail Shielding

2’ 2’

>1:2min.

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July 2008


Traffic Control

• Often f iconfusing

for path users and drivers–should be consistent

July 2008

consistent with current MUTCD.

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Traffic Control

• Consider iremoving

stop signs on path to establish traffic control

July 2008

control consistent with parallel roadway.

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July 2008


Traffic Control

• Move stop sign and stop bar to advance of crosswalk

July 2008

crosswalk.

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Traffic Control

• Consider li i t ilaligning trail

and crosswalk to be in expected

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location for drivers to yield.

July 2008


Bike Lane Basic Requirements (PPM 8.4)On SHS Off SHS

Width • 4 ft. (to gutter lip, 5.5 ft. to face of Type “F”) on curbed roadways.

f f

• 4 ft. (to gutter lip) on curbed roadways

f f• 5 ft. if adjacent to parking or right turn lanes.• 5 ft. (4 ft. min.) on flush shoulder roadways.

• 5 ft. if adjacent to parking or right turn lanes• 4 ft. on flush shoulder roadways with grass shoulder

Striping Design Standards, Index 17346 Chapter 9, Florida Greenbook

Signage MUTCD MUTCD

Cross • 2 to 3% on curbed roadways 0.02 feet per foot (.03 on three+ C ossSlope

to 3% o cu bed oad ays• 6% on flush shoulder roadways

0 0 eet pe oot ( 03 o t eelanes in one direction)

Offset 16 inches from raised sidewalk on bridges with design speed ≤ 45 mph

Bridges Continuous with approaching facility

Bicycle Lane Requirements

• One-way facilities, carrying bi li t i th di tibicyclists in the same direction as adjacent motor vehicle traffic.

• Usually on the right side of the roadway, but may be placed on the left side on one way streets.

July 2008

left side on one way streets.• Located between parking lane (if

there is one) and the travel lane, add on 1-2 feet in width.

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July 2008


Bicycle Lane Design Features

• Bicycle-safe drainage grates.

• Smooth pavement.

• Bicycle-safe railroad crossings (smooth, 90 degrees).

July 2008

• Traffic signals that respond to bicycles (separate loops).

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Drainage Inlet Study Team

• Includes FDOT’s Roadway Design, (Criteria and Standards, Drainage) Construction, Maintenance, , ,and Safety Offices, and Midway Operations Center.

July 2008


SR 59 at Bond Street, Lloyd, FL

• On popular route for cyclists from Tallahassee area and part of statewide event rides (Bike Florida, Bike South)

Somewhere in South Florida, East Coast

•Adding a reticuline grate to an inappropriate inlet doesn’t make it “bicycle safe”

July 2008 Page 34

July 2008


Mahan Drive, Tallahassee(US 90)(US 90)

• Drainage Inlet properly relocated out of the travel lane when right turn lane was addedlane was added.•Note short slots in grate top.

MUTCD Inlet Pavement Marking

• Existing guidance in MUTCD• Help cyclists anticipate grates, especially in low light conditions

July 2008


Paved Shoulder Requirements

July 2008 Page 37

Paved Shoulder Basic Requirements

On SHS Off SHSWidth 5 feet (4’ min.) on flush shoulder 4 feet (5’ from face of guardrail,

roadways curb, roadside barrier)Striping Design Standards, Index 17346

Left of right turn laneFlorida Greenbook, Chapter 9

Left of right turn laneSignage MUTCD MUTCD

Cross Slope

6% on flush shoulder roadways 0.03 - 0.08 feet per foot.

Bridges Continuous with approaching facility May defer to SHS guidance

July 2008 Page 38

July 2008


Rewards

July 2008 Page 39

Questions?

• For further information, please contact Mary Anne KoosSpecial Projects FacilitatorRoadway Design OfficeFlorida Dept. of Transportation850-414-4321

July 2008

[email protected]/rddesign

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