Green Building Concept

ContentsBenefits of Green building...........................................................................................................................3

Environmental benefits...........................................................................................................................3Economic Benefits...................................................................................................................................3Social Benefits.........................................................................................................................................3

Design concept of Pelletising & RMH Building.............................................................................................3Conceptual Note on Green Building:.......................................................................................................4Challenges in Industrial Zones.................................................................................................................4Design under stressed condition.............................................................................................................4Physical Characteristics...........................................................................................................................4Environmental Characteristics.................................................................................................................4

INTEGRATED SYSTEMS APPROACH TO THE DESIGN OF GREEN & SUSTAINABLE CENTRES..........................5Structural System....................................................................................................................................5Design Objects.........................................................................................................................................5Services system.......................................................................................................................................6Internal space management....................................................................................................................6Water conservation.................................................................................................................................6

The basic concepts followed at the Pelletising Building are........................................................................7Individual process flow diagram..............................................................................................................7Landscaping.............................................................................................................................................8Energy Conservation................................................................................................................................8Solid waste management........................................................................................................................8

Some Study on Green Building..................................................................................................................10ENERGY EFFICIENT WINDOWS: A GREEN INTRODUCTION....................................................................10

INSULATED GLASS: (IG)......................................................................................................................10EMISSIVITY:........................................................................................................................................10U-VALUE: (AND ITS RELATION TO R-VALUE)......................................................................................11SOLAR HEAT GAIN COEFFICIENT: (SHGC)...........................................................................................11

References:................................................................................................................................................13

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Green Building Concept

Benefits of Green building

Environmental benefits1. Enhance and protect biodiversity and ecosystem2. Improve air and water quality3. Reduce waste streams4. Conserve and restore natural resources

Economic Benefits5. Reduce operating cost, Green building is profitable in long run (ROI)6. Create expand and shape markets for green products and services7. Improve occupant productivity8. Optimize life cycle economic performance

Social Benefits9. Enhance employees comfort and health10. Elevate aesthetic qualities11. Minimize strain on local infrastructure12. Improve quality of life

Design concept of Pelletising & RMH Building Modern Architectural Design Approach Building as Shell & Filter in a stressful environment Limited barriers as added protection To strive for accreditation of Green Building the following criteria need to maximize

I. Human Performance

II. Environmental Performance

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Green Building Concept

III. Technical Performance

IV. Economic Performance

V. Subjective Performance

Conceptual Note on Green Building: LEED-INDIA for New Construction and Major Renovations is a green building rating system that

helps to guide and design high-performance commercial buildings.

Basically, this program is for those buildings where the design and operation is fully in the scope and control of owner or the developer. (For leased out or rented spaces LEED India Core & Shell will be a better option)

If the application of LEED-INDIA for a particular building type is questionable, IGBC encourages the project team

Challenges in Industrial Zones Air Pollution and Particulate (SP) Noise Smell Industrial wastes Threats Climatic Concerns (Deteriorating Micro Climate)

Design under stressed condition Creating Environmental Barriers Filter and Traps for Air, Humidity and Dust Control. Greenery as effective Carbon Sink and Acoustical Barrier. Creating Micro Climate and Micro Ambiences as Psychological Relief.

Physical Characteristics Filled-up Soil. Tree cover to the South, with a revival of a storm water canal. Existing/Planned roads on all sides with a generally elongated East/West site. Minor realignment of some drainage and new electrification Service lift/shafts and access floors are provided. Building maintenance to be taken care of- like security etc. Fire safety norms (Fire escape Staircase, Pressurized Water Network) Toilets and other spaces comply with handicaps. (APA) Battery recharge points are provided at the parking zone

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Green Building Concept

Environmental Characteristics Elongated East-West orientation helpful for better indoor thermal comfort throughout the year Tree Cover provides shades and acoustic barrier from plant noise. It also provides a positive

visual effect. It helps to protect from air pollution. Courtyard Solution Preferred Storm Water Canal, rain water harvesting optimizes the water intake An optimum use of voids and green areas (upper/lower berm) provides a massive Daylight

(Effective Utilisation) An all-enclosed protected working environment is achieved.

INTEGRATED SYSTEMS APPROACH TO THE DESIGN OF GREEN & SUSTAINABLE CENTRES

Structural System Modern Steel Sections/Tubes as an eco-friendly alternative. Low weight/span ratio reduce material cosumption Deck Slab best suited to industrial spaces Maximum service Integration Tubular structure and formal aesthetics

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Client briefSite Climate

Construction techniqueSocio cultural condition

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INTERACTION AND CORRELATION :APPROACH TO DETAILED DESIGN SOLUTION

CORRELATION YIELDING GENERAL DESIGN GUIDELINES

CORRELATION YIELDING GENERAL DESIGN GUIDELINES

STRUCTURAL PLAN (LINKAGE,

DENSITY,INFRASTRUCTURE)

CHOICE OF RENEWABLE

ENERGY SYSTEM

ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN

ARCHITECTURAL SOLUTIONARCHITECTURAL SOLUTIONECONOMIC ANALYSISECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Green Building Concept

Design Objects Building as Shell & Filter in a stressful environment Limited barriers as added protection Green certification ,strong points in designs Economic point of view -Using recycled material

Services system Services optimization by separating the regular usable space and temporary usable space Using small discussion rooms instead of big conference room the services are optimized and the

purposes can be overlapped. The open workstations are grouped together so that the services like lighting, HVAC can be

optimized and at the same time storage area also overlapped Waste minimization at every stage during the construction and operation of building with the

help of smart technology

Internal space management The entire building is enclosed from all side to protect from external pollution The office cubicles are arranged segregating the levels while keeping the privacy and

overlapping the circulation spaces at a time.

Water conservation

Reuse is possible for toilet flushing, gardening etc. Separate plumbing needs to be done to divert water to and from the treatment unit. Treatment unit can be on terrace of building, or underground (under car park etc.) Space required is minimal.

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Rainwater harvesting, in its broadest sense, is a technology used for collecting and storing rainwater for human use from rooftops, land surfaces or rock catchments using simple techniques such as jars and pots as well as engineered techniques. Rainwater harvesting has been practiced for more than 200 years

The basic concepts followed at the Pelletising Building are Efficiently using energy, water, and other resources Protecting occupants health and improving employee productivity

Reducing waste, pollution and environmental degradation

Reducing water consumption and protecting water quality are key objectives.

Recycled water (Wash & Flush). Minimizing of Waste-water by utilizing water conserving fixtures such as ultra-low flush toilets and low-

flow shower/basin taps , sensor based taps, water less toilet i.e. Autojanitor Use of toilet paper, reducing sewer loads by using traps and increasing possibilities of re-using water on-

site. The use of non-sewage and grey water for on-site use such as washing, cleaning, gardening will minimize

water intake. Compost bins to recycle waste

Individual process flow diagram Solid wasteSolid wastes are categorized as Paper, Box, Metal/Glass, Plastic, and Organic. At office the most solid waste

part is paper which is biodegradable

Waste waterTwo types of waste water as follows,1."Greywater" i.e. wastewater from sources such as dishwashing etc from Pantry & Dining area, can be used

after proper treatment for subsurface irrigation, or if fully treated, for use as flushing and washing cars, garages etc .

2. Waste water from bath/basin can be used for similar purposes.

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CollectedCollected UsedUsed PurifiedPurified ReusedReused

Grease & soap trapWaste water Waste water pit(Removal of large solids and grit particles)

By HDP

Removal of suspended solids, cleaning of fat, oil and grease

Collection tank/ Equalising tank

Drain

Reused for Gardening/Flush water

Bins at office floor at regular interval

Waste collectionSegregation of wastes

Paper Recycling

Overflow

STP

Green Building Concept

Roof rainwater

Muddy rain waterRain water collected from all the garden, internal courtyard and the green areas are mentioned as

Muddy water.

Soil waste

Landscaping Using of native plants that survive without extra watering The landscaping has been used for shading and reducing the huge glare It is also used for dust and noise control Air pollution management- By Trees, Berms, Water spray Use of proper filter or sieve to reduce mud waste

Energy Conservation Incorporating high-performance building design Using energy-efficient technologies and strategies Using alternative fuel transportation, Battery recharging option Generate energy on-site using renewable energy systems Supply of back- up power Plan for preventive maintenance (PM) Giving proper training to the facility operators and occupants

Solid waste management Waste bin at regular interval at regular usable area of the office floor Awareness for waste minimization

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Bacterial Filter

Purified waterRain water From roof/other exposed area

Filtration Pit

Collected by Rain water Pipe

Rain water tank

Purified waterMuddy water

From green areasGrating/Drain pit & Muddy water pit with filter

Collected by RWP & natural slope

Recharge well

Recharge well

OverflowReuse

Soil waste with sludge from toilet

By Soil waste pipe Collection tank/ Equalising tank

DrainReused as flush water

Drain

Rain water tank

Overflow

Green Building Concept

Segregation of waste- organic, inorganic, metal and glass Collection of waste from the site and recycle

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Green Building Concept

Some Study on Green Building

ENERGY EFFICIENT WINDOWS: A GREEN INTRODUCTION

Going GREEN is one of the hottest trends in America and having energy efficient windows in your home is quickly becoming a must-have for many people.

Not only is the "green" movement near the top of many political agendas, its presence is often seen throughout the mainstream and minor media. The bottom line is this: green sells and going green is cool.

I feel the trend is positive. With energy costs reaching new heights, we need to be proactive and intentional. We should not only reduce the amount of energy we use, but also conserve the energy we don't. And since nearly 15-20% of all home energy is lost via windows and doors, having energy efficient windows in your home should be a priority.

The focus of this hub is to help explain (without getting too technical) the current energy ratings scheduled to today's energy efficicient windows. These ratings are crucial in making informed decisions regarding the purchase of energy efficient windows for new home construction or replacement.

With the green trend gaining momentum, an informed decision concerning one of the most critical areas of energy loss (or conservation) in your home is paramount.

I'll begin by explaining a few terms needing definition.

INSULATED GLASS: (IG)

Two or more individual panes of glass separated by a specified spacer bar system and then sealed to be air and water tight. The "captured" airspace between the panes of glass forms the insulating barrier. The majority of modern energy efficient window systems utilize some type of insulated glass (IG) application.

EMISSIVITY:

Emissivity is the capability of a surface to emit heat radiation. A black surface is often used as a constant in measuring other surfaces against it.

For example, in measuring the emissivity of a particular IG unit, the IG unit is placed next to a solid black surface and subjected to an identical heat source. Measurements of heat radiated from each surface are then taken. The lower the number results in better heat-reflecting capablity.

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With relation to energy efficient window systems, lower emissivities are desired.

U-VALUE: (AND ITS RELATION TO R-VALUE)

U-Value is the measure of a window's ability to reduce heat loss during indirect radiation exposure; such as during the winter months in moderating climates Lower U-values translate into less indirect heat lost from the interior of the home resulting in lower heating costs.

U-value is the inverse of R-value (a more common term used in the insulation business). To find a correlating R-value from a given U-value, simply divide the number 1 by the U-value. Lower U-values correlate to higher R-values. For example: 1 divided by a .50 U-value gives us an R-value of 2.00.

Lower U-values are important because many municipalities are adopting the 2006 version of the International Residential Code (IRC 06 for short). This code mandates all energy efficient window and exterior door units with IG to carry a minimum U-Value of .40, translating to an R-value of 2.5.

This may sound like a low insulating value but even the finest energy efficient windows today carry U-values hovering in the .22 through .30 ranges; thus correlating to R-values of 4.55 through 3.33.

And given the fact most exterior wall cavities are a minimum R-13 (with standard 2 x 4 framing) to R-19 (with 2 x 6 framing), the most energy efficient windows are 3 to 4 times less efficient than the wall they're installed in; thus the significance to upgrade building codes with regard to window glazing applications.

So, even with the large disparity between the walls vs. window insulating factor, improving U-values greatly increases the energy efficiency of the home.

SOLAR HEAT GAIN COEFFICIENT: (SHGC)

Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) is a measure of a window's ability to reduce heat gain during direct radiation exposure; such as during the summer months in warmer climates. A lower SHGC translates into less direct heat being pulled into the home resulting in lower cooling costs. SHGC and U-value are closely linked since the lowering of one directly affects the other.

LOW EMISSIVITY: (LO-E)

Lo-E refers to the ability of an IG unit to suppress direct heat radiation and absorb indirect heat radiation. By placing a Lo-E coating, which usually consists of a microscopically thin layer of metallic oxides (primarily silver), on a glass surface, the ability to transfer heat radiation is lowered. The heat remains on the side of glass where it originated.

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In a nutshell, Lo-E coatings reflect direct heat radiation and absorb indirect heat radiation.

FOR EXAMPLE:

I witnessed a demonstration where a standard IG unit 4 x 4 inches square was placed next to an identically sized IG unit with a low emissivity (Lo-E) layer applied. Both IG units were placed equal distance from an identical heat source with an air thermometer placed on the opposite (or inside) side; thereby simulating a warm-climate condition. The result was staggering.

On the standard IG unit without the Lo-E coating, the inside glass temperature was 7 degrees warmer than the inside glass temperature of the Lo-E coated unit. Imagine what a 7 degree difference would make over the entire glass square footage in your home; especially when you're trying to heat in the winter. -- Take into consideration this was an extreme demonstration. In reality, temperature differences for Lo-E coated IG units are nearer to 4-5 degrees; still a great amount on the thermostat.

Keep in mind the opposite of this demonstation is also true. Heat sources from the inside of your home during winter months will keep the inside of your glass warmer.

HOW DOES LO-E WORK?

Lo-E glass works based on the angle of direct solar radiation.

Due to the sun's differing angles at various times of the year, Lo-E coatings work well in all seasons. In summer, when the angle is more direct, or "a high sky" they reflect heat. In winter, when the sun's angle is less direct, "a lower sky" they absorb the indirect heat.

Referring back to the previous demonstration, the non Lo-E coated glass allowed the direct heat to pass through the glass thereby warming your interior glass.

The Lo-E coated glass, on the other hand allowed some of the indirect heat in but blocked the direct heat thereby keeping your interior surface of glass cooler.

And being cool in the summer and warm in the winter is a good thing.

I'd be remiss if I didn't add one detail concerning Lo-E applications in overall warmer climates; since they can be optimized with additional coatings. Let me first begin by briefly explaining what a glass surface is.

GLASS SURFACES:

All energy efficient windows with insulated glass are broken down into 4 surfaces:

Surface 1 (S1): The exterior surface of the exterior pane of glass.

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Surface 2 (S2): The interior surface of the exterior pane of glass.

Surface 3 (S3): The exterior surface of the interior pane of glass.

Surface 4 (S4): The interior surface of the interior pane of glass.

These designations are important because the optimum effectiveness of the Lo-E coating is determined by which surface it is applied to.

As mentioned earlier, with Lo-E applications, the heat radiation remains on the side of glass where it originated.

For warmer climates, Lo-E coatings are sometimes applied on S3 and a secondary tint applied to S2 to reduce the initial heat radiation.

Such applications don't work as well in cooler climates since you want some of the initial heat to absorb in order to remain trapped once it tries to leave.

The ideal surface for a Lo-E coating in cooler climates is S2.

References:

http://www.nfrc.org/getratings.aspx

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