design and implementation of software for the computation of students cgpa

8/17/2019 Design and Implementation of Software for the Computation of Students Cgpa

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CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND STUDY

Information technology is able to facilitate the revolution of changes, which optimize

performance and profitability to institutions, organization and companies because it provides

solution to one of the key business barrier that is distance, time and difficulties associated

with crossing them or sharing them. Emergency of electronic processing of data and it’s

computer technologies has led to the death of bugs, errors and time wasting during

processing and computation of student’s result. Electronics data processing introduced

towards the end of 19!’s has brought fundamental dangers in the way, so many things art

done, including the topic of this pro"ect and so many other things like product advertising,

information sharing, on#line computation, electronic data storage, electronic mail e$change,

to list but a few.

%he computer science department in &enson Idahosa 'niversity, right from the inception of

this great institution( result processing has been manually processed. %he manual system

employed is not very efficient, in that a lot of paper work has to be done which takes a

reasonable length of time to prepare. )ue to the increasing number of students in computer

science department &enson Idahosa 'niversity, that has written the e$amination in the

school, results computation of the student’s *+- has been a very difficult task. %herefore,

because of this problems and errors arising from such a system, a software#computerized

result processing system becomes inevitable(

the benefits accruable from the computer#based system cannot be over emphasized.

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1. 2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

%he errors associated with the e$isting manual method of processing of students

results in most universities in igeria, including &enson Idahosa 'niversity, make it not

only desirable but imperative that computerized approach be used to the full in measuring

students’ progress. %he manual methods being employed suffer a number of set#backs.

%hey make the process to be time#consuming and prone to error. %hey lead to e$amination

results being published late, sometimes with wrong grades being entered and students’

grade point averages being wrongly computed as a result, and ultimately leading to

wrong conclusions being arrived at on class of degree awarded. /ome students could

end up with undeserved good class of degree, while others could be unfairly victimized,

bringing about frustration and bad blood. %he )epartments concerned, and the whole

'niversity, could become tarnished. %he problem, therefore, that arises is to find a method

of processing e$amination results that would be sufficiently accurate and reasonably

timely. %he software application in this research work is intended to bring relieve by

providing for timely and accurate processing of students results using the processing power

of the computer. 0istorically, result computation and students data record management in

computer science department in the Institute of management and technology in &enson

Idahosa 'niversity has been affected by several factors based on the current manual

processing method used such as

• 2oss of vital information relating to student result3 records

• %he time and labour involved in the student result computation of *+-

• 4iles and records not properly kept.

• 5iscalculation of students *+- after graduation.

• )ifficulties involved in searching for a specified record• 6rong transcription and mutilations by accident or on purpose

• Information is very insured and can be accessed by the wrong persons.

• Insecurity of the result, which can be modified by unauthorized person3or access.

• 'se of filing cabinets makes retrieval of information very difficult.

• )ifficult of data sharing i.e. from 07)’s offices to e$ams and records.

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1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY

Electronics data processing environment where information is processed using

computers system hooked on to a etwork is more advantageous. 7wing to this, therefore,

the aim of this study is directed towards developing a powerful computer application

program that will collapse the short#comings encountered in the student’s result processing

and data management in the great department of computer science in the institute of

management and technology &enson Idahosa 'niversity.

%he main ob"ective of this pro"ect is to provide a faster means of reducing some or all:

the problem encountered during result computation and registration of student such as

# Errors due to over sight

# ;edundancies in record keeping

# Errors in computation

# )ifficulties in sharing

# 5oney time for duplication

# )elay in computation

1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

4or the fact that we are awaking from one deplorable indifference to the studies and

teaching or studying of computer as a course, it’s proficiency in developed countries like


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%he introduction of computer into information technology has massively improved

the information need of organization( the success of this machine is dependent on the

knowledge base. %herefore, one can be prompted to ask aloud =what is a computer>. -dam

199: defined a computer as an electronic device capable of accepting data and

instructions, processing the data based on the instructions to generate results or output in

such a manner that is yet to be e?ualed by any other known machine to mankind. 4or the

fact that we are already into a new millennium, no organization, company or institution can

do without information processing system or organizational information system. /o many

authors and researchers have in one way or the other taken step towards analyzing the

problems associated with manual result processing and the need for computerized result

processing.

-s a computer professionals, we strive to build systems that are useful and that work,

as a software engineers, we are faced with the task of creating comple$ system in the

presence of scarce computing and human resources. 7ver past few year, the electronic data

processing has evolved in diverse segments of the computer science as a means of managing

the comple$ity inherent in many different kinds of manual systems and the electronics data

processing has also proved to be a very powerful and unifying concept. 4or the fact that we

are already into a new millennium, no organization, company or institution can do without

the electronics data processing.

%he computerized result processing generally stated, finds it’s way into igeria at the

early years of light decade of the twenty century now, computer technology has made a great

impact in the computer science department where results are been processed all over the

world, now most "obs in department like in computing students results, are ?uickly carriedout with computers. /o many igeria authors have in one way or the other taken step

towards in analyzing the benefits and problem associated with computerized result

processing.

*ater .*. 19@8: said that a country cannot wait until it attains its ability to

manufacture computer on her own before she uses them, that to do, so would tantamount to

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results, inaccuracy due to manual and tedious calculation and retrieval

difficulties3inefficiency, -ccording to him, the development of database concept is the

answer to these problems where the amount of redundant data is reduced and the possibility

that data contained on a file might be inaccurate because they were never updated.

5ohini and -mar 8B11: indicated that ublication of students results in the manual

system takes a very long time owing to which students remain idle for months together.

/ometimes the delay in declaration of result cause heavy losses to the students as generally

they cannot "oin further studies or appear in competitive e$ams or "oin "obs because of the

non‐availability of e$amination result in time.

7konigene, ;.E., Ighalo, +.I., 7gbeifun, E. 8BB@:, observed that, with the use of

computers for information processing, the following are possible instant access to students’

personal and course information, instant student information updating, automatic

computation of the +rade oint -verage +-:, generation of the graduating students list,

monitoring of failed courses, keeping an up#to#date record of the entire student body in the

'niversity, storing course information such as course code, course description, course unit,

and scores for the purpose of +- computation, and producing user friendly data entry

screens for ease of use.

5oses Ekpenyong 8BB@: work on the use of 5icrosoft E$cel spreadsheet program to build

an Intelligent Dnowledge#&ased /ystem ID&/:, making use of various programming

facilities provided by that application E$cel:. %he central issue here is that the programming

is hard coded into the cells, and cell referencing is used to monitor and track student’s

performance cumulative points, etc.:. %he system has been reported to be working fine.


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0owever, it appears to be rather restrictive, and calls for substantial e$pertise in

programming.

*onnors and Falesky 19@C:. %he development of the concept of database is the answer

to this ?uestion where the amount of redundant data is reduced and the possibility that data

contained on a file might be inaccurate because they were never updated. Farious

applications have been developed to address

a number of these issues but the proprietary nature of user#oriented systems has not made it

possible to have a good survey of such systems. %here is a wide array of e$isting

information and information needs, yet schools are often limited by personnel and financial

concerns Fecchioli, 1999:. 7ffice in timely release of students’ e$amination results

2.2 PACKAGES USED FOR DESIGNING OF RESULTS PROCESSING

)ifferent rogramming 2anguage, rogramming ackages and )atabase

management system can be use to develop result processing software for computing students

+- +rade oint -verage: and *+- *umulative +rade oint -verage:.

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5icrosoft E$cel spreadsheet program can be used to build an Intelligent Dnowledge#

&ased /ystem ID&/:, making use of various programming facilities provided by that

application E$cel:. %he programming is hard coded into the cells, and cell referencing

which could be applied to monitor and track students’ performance such as cumulative

points Ekpenyong, 8BB@:.

ersonal 0ome age re#rocessor 0: is used to communicate with and

manipulate the database. -dobe )reamweaver, an Integrated )evelopment Environment, is

used to create the +raphic 'ser Interface and to write the codes. 5G/H2 /erver, a

;elational )atabase 5anagement /ystem, is used to create the database tables and data.

%his application, though tested and found to be working as e$pected, has however not been

put to use widely. 'kem and 7noyom#Ita, 8B11:.


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%he *omputer /cience )epartment of &enson Idahosa 'niversity, has been in

e$istence since the establishment of the institution, and has since then, been using manual

methods for students result computation and processing. %he result is first of all captured

manually from the students answer sheet used during e$ams. -fter the marking, the

personals involved in the marking, then records the students score on paper using pen

manually:. %he capture scores )ata: is then sent to the head of department 07): for

computation which is done manually by the 07) or his assistance rising calculating

machine and there scoring the outcome on paper. %he work sometimes is too tedious for the

07), and this use to result to multi error i.e

%his is error caused by oversight of manually computation. 4inally, the 07)’s will

then send the result on paper to the department of e$ams and records for documentation,

final computation and storage. -nd still at this point the results still undergo manual

processing.

STORAGE

-t the completion of the result processing, the summary and storage then start. %he

summary is done by adding the student’s e$ams score( and then compute the *+- and

generate the necessary output.

Deeping the field result in the drawer and then numbering them for easy

identification and storage.

SEARCHING%he searching or retrievals is done manually by checking the drawers one by one in#

order to know the one that contains the number range of the file in ?uestion and when that

file is found the search of the main document then begins.

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SUMMARY AND PRESENTATION OF RESULT

%here is a lot of paperwork involved in these processes, there are also a lot of people

involved, and thereby a lot of information is lost in transit. /ome are distorted, omitted or

misspelled. %he problems of information management arise the re cords are contained in

files stored file cabinets. )ue to the repetitive nature of the result computation system.

%here is a lot of duplication and all these documents are also stored. %he e$isting storage

facilities are no longer enough to cater for the files. %his makes the offices of the 07) and

e$ams and record office very untidy because some of the files cannot be contained in the file

cabinets are dumped on the floor and on the tables.

%his description and analysis is the result of an in#depth and thorough study of the

operation of the e$isting manual system.

3.2 FACT FINDING METHODS USED

%he fact#finding methods used during the analysis of the e$isting system are

i: INTERVIE- METHOD

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- lot of staff we be interviewed among whom where the 07) computer science and

some staff and lecturers.

ii: DIRECT OBSERVATION

%he staffs that will involved in the result computation will be observed on one of the

occasion during the research.

iii: DOCUMAT REVIE-

%he e$isting documents that serve as input to the manual system and those that are

generated as output from the system were also studied, also procedure manuals, operations

manuals and "ob specification.

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3.3 ORGANISATIONAL CHART

1

Rector

Deputy Rector

Registrar

Academic Staf Now Academic

Staf

Academic Staf Now AcademicStaf

Admission

Exams andRecords Director o

school

HOD omputer

ScienceDepartment

omputerScienceDepartment


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3.4 OBJECTIVE OF THE EISTING SYSTEM

%his work does not replace the e$isting system but rather will bring improvement

and also additional strategy for the institutions on result processing. %he e$isting method

only serves the information needed for every minute population.

3.5 INPUT ANALYSIS

*omputer /cience )epartment *omputers the *+- *umulative grade point

average: of each student at the end of each semester,

%he school re?uires the result. %hese scores serve as an input.

%he end of semester score of the e$amination are graded and inputed as follows

COURSE -ITH PRACTICAL COURSE -ITHOUT PRACTICAL

# -ssignment

8B # ractical

CB CB /emester E$ams

-fter the sub"ects are graded according to their scores the ranges of marks and their

corresponding grades and point to weighting are given in the table below

PERCENTAGE LECTURER GRADE -EIGHT IN POINT RANGE

@B and -bove - !.B

B 9 -& .A

CB C9 & .B

AB A9 &* 8.A!B !9 * 8.B

B 9 4 B

In the above table, 4 is a fail grade while others are pass grade.

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3.6 PROCESS ANALYSIS

+rading in education is the process of applying standardized measurements of

varying levels of achievement in a course, %o calculate the *+- for each semester, the total

aggregate of the point obtained in the semester e$ams is divided by the total number of

course credit loads. 0ere simple calculation method is used in grading of point. &ut before

the above process is done, the score of each course of each semester is given below by using

the computer science department as an e$ample.

COURSES GRADE

ACHIEVED

CREDIT

VALUE

GRADE

POINT

POINT

SCORE

*/*8A - !.B $ !.B 1C.B5%01B & .B $ .B 9.B*/*!8A &* !.B $ 8.A 1B.B

*/*81! - C.B $ !.B 8!.B*/*!11 & !.B $ .B 18.B*/*88 -& 8.B $ .A .B*/*!1@ * 8.B $ 8.B !.B

T!#%/ C&'+# 25 T!#%/ GP 2

T%/' 3.1

%o calculate the grade point average +-: J

%otal *redit 0rs J ! K K ! K C K ! K 8 K 8 J 8A

%otal point score J1C K 9 K 1B K 8A K 18 K 18K K ! J @8

%otal +rade oint scores J @8

%otal *redit 0ours 8A

-ssuming there is a carryover, this will replace by the course in which he3she failed.

%his is used during *+- %o calculate the cumulative grade point average of a student for

session &asic and -pplied students Ayears program %o calculate for a session, the total

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aggregate of the point scores for semester both the first and second semester is divided by

the total number of credit loads to calculate for &asic and -pplied /cience student, the total

aggregate point for the student for the students A years academic work are added and divided

by the total number of credit hours taken during the Ayears

%he mathematical e$pression is as follows for a session.

+- J %*s in 1st /emester K %*s in 8nd /emester

%*0 in 1st /emester K %*0 in 8nd /emester

4or &-/

*+- J %+/ in year 1 K %+/ in year A

%*0 in year 1 K %*0 in year A

3. THE OUTPUT ANALYSIS

+rades and numerical grade#point e?uivalents have been established for varying levels of

student’s academic performance. %hese grade#point e?uivalents are used to determine a

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student’s grade#point average, after the calculation has been done, the within the output

range.

P'&"!&(%,' D'&+)#+!, G&%' G&%' P!+,#

7utstanding E$ceptional achievement -K !.BB7utstanding E$ceptional achievement - .A

7utstanding E$ceptional achievement &K .8A+ood E$tensive achievement & .BB

/atisfactory -cceptable achievement * 8.8Aoor 5inimal achievement ) 8.B4ailure Inade?uate achievement 4 2ess than 8.BB

T%/' 3.2

4rom the e$ample given from this work, the range it takes is in distinction level.

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3. INFORMATION FLO-CHARTDIAGRAM

&elow is the information flowchart3 design for the e$iting system.

In the above diagram, lecturers handled the assignment and e$amination taken by the

students. %he results are sent to the 0ead of department which is hence submitted to the

students file in the e$amination and record department for further processing and

management scheme.

1@

Students Assignment

and Examination

!ecturers

Head o department

Examination

Department

Record

Department

"anagement


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3.7 PROBLEMS OF THE EISTING SYSTEM

)uring investigation, it was noticed or discovered that processing of students results

was done manually mechanically and mentally with the help or aid of calculator.

%his wasted a lot of materials, time, energy and other resources. It also causes

roughness of some certain product, duplication of "obs, loss of files, result sheet and also

dubious act among staff if there or +- as a result of the use of wrong total credit hours in

any semester or any other factor necessary to these calculation. %hen it would re?uire a very

long time to re#calculate these. - times, even running into months with tedious routine.

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3.10 JUSTIFICATION FOR THE NE- SYSTEM

6ith the computerization of these processes, a lot of problem inherent in the current

system will ether be overcome or minimized. &elow are some other "ustified reasons.

TIME %he speed of a computer central processing unit measured in millions of instructions

per seconds35I/. %his implies that information for management as regard to student

academic status can be produced faster and this enhances the decision maker process at the

various level of management. It reduced the time used during fraction calculation.

OVERLOAD In times of overload, it saves the staff from the hard labour. 0uge data or

record can be shifted through and summarized in short period of time.

STORAGE DEVICE 4iles and records can be store in magnetic tapes or disks. It is from

this storage of files and records that the security is enhanced and saves some files when

there is fire disaster.

VERSATILE It is versatile because it can cope more readily than manual system with

increase work loads which occur when activities packs as the case of working out for result

immediately after e$amination as long as the input can be made available, so and the outputis dealt with. It is said to be fle$ible.

RELIABLE AND DILIGENT *omputer is reliable and diligent because it will not absent

itself from duty die to illness and will not arrive late or spend lengthy lunch#hours over a

bottle of wine. 7nce a program is running, operation is automatic and no further human

intervention is necessary, as e$ecution is accurate. *omputerization would give the staff and

the institution the "ob and satisfactions of being a part of the computer age and technology.

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CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 DESIGN OF THE NE- SYSTEM

4.1 OUTPUT SPECIFICATION AND DESIGN

%he printer will be used as the main output medium and alternatively the monitor.

%his is due to the fact that the output from the system will be for decision conclusions made

to the students where results are being processed.

%he ma"or output document that will be generated by the system is the original detail

report of student’s personal data and result. %he following are the output form.

OUTPUT FORM 8F!& '%9:

5at BLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL

ameLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL

*ourse 1LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL

*ourse 8LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL..LLL

*ourse n LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL.

+-LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL.

+radeLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL

FORMAT 8F!& '%9:

5at umber &-/3*/*311138C ame MMMMMMMMMMMMMM

*ourse 1 999

*ourse 8 999

*ourse n 999

+- 99. 99

OUTPUT FORM 8F!& /+#+,; %//:

5at B. ame *ourse 1 # *ourse n +- +rade

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FORMAT FOR THE OUTPUT

&enson Idahosa 'niversity LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL..LL

LLLLLLLLLLLL )epartmentLLLLLLLLLLLL.

GearLLLLLLLLL. /emesterLLLLLLLLLLLLL..

5at . o. ame *ourse 1 *ourse n +- ;ef +rade

LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL.

4.2 INPUT SPECIFICATION AND DESIGN

In this case, there is only one input devices via he keyboard. )uring the input

operation there are some variable that are re?uired for the acceptance of the data. %hat is,

that will hold the data temporal for computation and the ones that will be used for data

storage.

%he software is design to have two main input forms, which are

1: ersonal data input

8: /core input form

INPUT FORM FOR PERSONAL DATA5at umberLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL

/urnameLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL.

7ther ameLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL

arent ame LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL..

-ddressLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL.

/e$LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL

)epartmentLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL

rogrammeLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL

)ate of &irthLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL

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ADD MODIFY UPDATE RETURN

5at. umber &-/3*/*311138C

ame MMMMMMMMMMMMMM

*ourse 1 999

*ourse 8 999

*ourse n 999

4.3 FILE DESIGN

%he file design was designed based on two mode of operation.

1: /e?uential and

8: ;andom mode

%he software will make use of two files

8: 4ile for students e$am score

: 4ile for students that have references

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F+/' D'+;, "!& #*',#


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ameLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL.

*ourse 1LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL..

*ourse 8LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL..

*ourse nLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL..

+rade LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL

ADD MODIFY UPDATE RETURN

INPUT FORMAT FOR SCORE

5at. umber &-/3*/*311138C

ame MMMMMMMMMMMMMM

*ourse 1 999

*ourse 8 999

*ourse n 999

#$# PROCEDURE CHART

8A

%nput StudentData Score&s'

System Acceptance

(rocessing

)pdate "odi*cation

%normation Display

+ermite


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SYSTEM FLO-CHART

4.5 SYSTEM FLO-CHART

8C

Data (reparation %nput

(rocessing

Data preparation

Storagepreparation

%normation DisplayAppendRetrie,eDelete "odiy

Systempre,iewStorage

record

-ilestorag

+ermination


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4.6 SYSTEM RE=UIREMENT

*omputerization with it’s benefit’s have certain re?uirement which includes these

outline below. %he hardware re?uirements and the software re?uirement are

SOFT-ARE RE=UIREMENT

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%he program is implemented on the window 7perating /ystem 6I)76/:

platform and language. %he program was written in *KK rogramming 2anguage, because

of the visual user interface it has.

HARD-ARE RE=UIREMENT

%he hardware needed for the program are the following re?uirement listed below

1. ersonal computer with networking facilities

8. 2arge storage capacity of hard disk

. /uper Fideo +raphic -rray /F+-: 5onitor

!. rinter with high resolution for output.

4. IMPLEMENTATION

%his chapter deals with actual installation and the use of the new system. %he new

system is put into operation and the users are taught how to operate the system. %he

implementation method used in this work is the parallel change over method. %he new

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system was installed with the old system still working. %his enables us to test the new

system very well before phasing out the old one.

Implementation includes putting the program into the computer system for actual

performance at the e$pected operation. %hat is it involves the actual interaction between

both the computer hardware and the software system to produce the e$pected and result.

%he implementation of the program should be on parallel base process. %hat is, the

conversion procedure the old program should be in use while the new program installed will

gradually takes over from the old program.

4. PROGRAM DESIGN

rogram design for newly computerized unit follows a modular programming

approach in which the problem was divided into modules with each modules handling aspecific task or sub program. *KK programming language was used with dev *KK

compiler.

4.7 PROGRAM FLO-CHART

89

S+AR+

Display splashscreen

%nput options

%nput studentsrecords

(erorm semestercalculation

SSessioncomplete.

/es0

alculate

cumulati,e gradepoint a,erage

Storage andupdateinormation

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4.10 PSEUDOCODE

MAIN MENU MODULE

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/ub 5ain 5enu

)isplay 6elcome /creen

)isplay assword 4orm

Enter assword Dey

If not *orrect %hen

;epeat the rocess

ELSE

LOAD MAIN MENU

/elect from main menu

If 7ption J 1 %hen

-dd /tudent ;ecord

'pdate /tudent ;ecord

ut to 4ile

Input /tudents *ourses /cores

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+et ;ecords

)isplay *ontent

*lose 4iles

;eturn

Else if option J 8 %hen

7pen file

Input student courses scores

*omputer *+-

ut to file

*lose files

;eturn

Else if option J %hen

7pen file =Fiew results>

+et records

)isplay contents

*lose file

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;eturn

Else if option J ! %hen

7pen file =*arry over>

+et records

)isplay contents

*lose file

;eturn

Else if option J A %hen

7pen file =6indow>

+et records

)isplay outline method of arranging file

)isplay standard method of arranging file

*lose file

;eturn

Else if option J C %hen

7pen file =*omprehensive ;esult 7utput>


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)o

+et ;ecord

rint ;ecord

2oop until last record

*lose file

;eturn

Else if option J %hen

Huit program

End

End sub

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4.11 TEST RUN%his program was tested by running it and some errors were found, debugged and corrected.

%his testing of this program was done on three parts via. 5odular3separate3 unit testing,

integration testing and validation testing.

a. MODULARUNIT TESTING &ased on this type of testing each module is tested

with real data3figure and errors found were debugged. 5odular testing enables us to

developed program with an ease

b. INTEGRATION TESTING -fter each module has been tested and debugged,

then all the sub#modular were combined integrated to a program. %he integrated

program is then tested with real data and some corrections were made.

c. VALIDATION TESTING %his is the act of re#testing, checking, correcting and

validating of the program, validation testing increases the capacity and efficiency of

the program.

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4.12 DOCUMENTATION)ocumentation includes such things as statement of the problem system

specification:, flow charts, test data and result, user instruction etc. these enhance easy

modification when problem arises.

It can be effective by describing it among these sub heading viz, system description,

installation, tutorial3 user guide.

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

4rom the above as stated earlier, the software for this work is so packaged for user

understanding and easy to operate. It has functionality and can handle any work involving

computation and processing of school results. %he package was developed using

modularized approach of programming the system can do computation like computing the

*+- of student, e.t.c.

INSTALLATION

%he software can be run by installing )EF *KK compiler after downloading the

application program: and installs on the computer.

%he program should be installed and the e$ecutable file be placed on the program folder or

a window desktop.

-t the windows start bar, selects and click *KK compiler and select the e$ecutable

file and click run button to begin the program.

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TUTORIALUSER GUIDE

%his serves as a guide for both illiterate and literate users. It helps them to use programming

perfectly.

Install )ev *KK compiler

*lick on start menu

*lick on )ev *KK

*lick on ew ro"ect

*lick on the e$ecute menu

*lick run

ew ro"ect


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E$ecute menu

@


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9


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CHAPTER FIVE

5.0 RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION

5.1 RECOMMENDATION

4rom the ongoing, the researchers want to recommend the following

1. %hat the needed machinery be put in place to see to the smooth take off of the

pro"ect.

8. %hat the software program: has to be reviewed periodically. 4irst review, which will

take place si$ month after installation, which will enable to detect unfore#seen

problems that may arise after installation, -fter the first review, the software will be

reviewed annually to help maintain the software more ade?uately.

It is worthy to mention that maintenance helps the system software program: last for a very

long time.

-lso, it is important to note that this pro"ect work is not an end in itself but rather a

framework for further modification, thus further research is recommended.

!B


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5.1 CONCLUSION

%his work was initiated due to the inade?uacies of the e$isting system such as

boredness and delay encountered in computing student results. %he new system looked into

these inade?uacies and attempted successfully to eliminate these problems.

%he new system employed the use of interactive mode to design a system that can

*ompute the scores and output the results of both the individual and all the student’s results.

In this regard, the software can be of much value in terms of efficiency and monetaryaspect because if when ma$imum utilized, can reduce the manual work of computing the

student’s results.

!1


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REFERENCES

• -dam et al 199:, *omputer in 7rganizational 5anagement. ;ichard 7nah Inc

ublishers, Inserberg 2ondon. %he Ath Edition, 4rom g. A#@.

• *ater .*. 19@8: *omputer -ges, -frican 'niversity ress, 2ondon, %he ! th Edition, g.

!#!!.

• 'kem and 7foegbu 8B18.: /tudying %he *omputer /ystem '/- rinting ress, %he A th

Edition, g. 1B#18.

•


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APPENDI

C>> )&!;&%( #! %/*/%#' CGPA !" % #*',#

33*KK program to calculate *+-using namespace std(NincludeOiostreamP

NincludeOconio.hPint main:Q int i,n,gpR8BS,cR8BS,sum,csum( char gR8BS(

float cgpa( coutOOTUnUtUtUt *+- *alculationT( coutOOTUnUn Enter number of *ourses T(

cinPPn( foriJB(iOn(iKK: Q coutOOTUnUn Enter +rade of *ourse#TOOiK1(

coutOOT T( cinPPgRiS( ifgRiSJJVWVXXgRiSJJV$V: gpRiSJ1B( else ifgRiSJJV-VXXgRiSJJVaV:

!

RiS @


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gpRiSJ@( else ifgRiSJJV&VXXgRiSJJVbV:

gpRiSJ( else ifgRiSJJV*VXXgRiSJJVcV: gpRiSJC( else ifgRiSJJV)VXXgRiSJJVdV: gpRiSJA(

else ifgRiSJJVEVXXgRiSJJVeV: gpRiSJ!( else gpRiSJB(

coutOOTUn Enter *redit of *ourse#TOOiK1(coutOOT T( cinPPcRiS( Y sumJcsumJB(

foriJB(iOn(iKK: Q sumJsumKcRiSZgpRiS( csumJcsumKcRiS( Y cgpaJfloat:sum3csum( coutOOTUnUnUnUnUnUnUtUt*ongratulationsUnUnUtUtUtUt Gour *+-is TOOcgpa(

!!


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getch:(

return B(Y

!A

design and implementation of software for the computation of students cgpa

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