derby arboretum introduction · derby arboretum in the 1900’s. a catalogue was produced which...
TRANSCRIPT
How
to find Derby A
rboretumW
eeping Ash
Fraxinus excelsior ‘Pendula’
This pendulous tree is a graft on to com
mon ash and w
as widely
planted by the Victorians. The graft is carried out at approxim
ately 2 m
etres and any growth from
below
the union will be of the norm
al type and m
ust be removed to prevent
‘reversion’.
Tree of Heaven
Ailanthus altissim
aThis strongly grow
ing, vigorous tree is from
North C
hina and has been known since
1750. It produces suckers from the roots as
a way of propagating itself as it is too cold in
Britain to grow
from seed. The m
ost attractive feature of this tree is the red seeds w
hich are prom
inent in Septem
ber. The foliage is com
pound, composed of 12-18 pairs of
leaflets which sm
ell very unpleasant when
crushed.London PlanePlatanus x hispanica
This tree is a comm
on sight in streets all over the U
K. The tree is a hybrid betw
een the A
merican plane and the O
riental plane from
Crete and the B
alkans and displays hybrid vigour (it grow
s very quickly). None of the
planes in the Arboretum
are older than 130 years old and w
ere planted to replace trees w
hich died between 1840 and 1880. London
plane can survive in heavily polluted air due to its w
axy leaves which do not colour in
autumn. D
ue to its large size and vigour it can soon cast dense shade and crow
d other trees. Its m
ain feature is its attractive bark.
A list of all the trees found in the Arboretum
can be obtained from
the rangers or by visiting w
ww
.derby.gov.uk/arboretum
The
Cuc
umbe
r Tre
eM
agno
lia a
cum
inat
a *
The
com
mon
nam
e re
fers
to th
e fru
its w
hich
ar
e gh
erki
n lik
e. It
was
intro
duce
d in
to th
e U
K
in 1
736
and
grow
s to
be
one
of th
e la
rges
t m
agno
lias.
The
flow
ers
are
gree
n in
col
our
and
inco
nspi
cuou
s w
hen
they
unf
old
amon
gst
the
leav
es in
ear
ly s
umm
er.
Red
Map
le
Ace
r rub
rum
The
mai
n fe
atur
es o
f thi
s A
mer
ican
tree
are
th
e re
d flo
wer
s w
hich
em
erge
in th
e w
inte
r m
onth
s an
d th
e au
tum
n co
lour
s of
crim
son
and
gold
. The
red
map
le is
unc
omm
on in
the
mid
land
s an
d no
rth a
s it
real
ly re
quire
s ac
idic
so
il co
nditi
ons.
In it
s na
tive
envi
ronm
ent o
f no
rth a
nd e
aste
rn A
mer
ica
it is
one
of t
he
mai
n tre
es w
hich
pro
vide
the
glor
ious
col
ours
of
‘fal
l’.
1 2
3C
auca
sian
Lim
e Ti
lia x
euc
hlor
aTh
is is
a h
ybrid
tree
whi
ch h
as b
een
exte
nsiv
ely
plan
ted
in c
ities
as
a st
reet
tree
bec
ause
aph
ids
do n
ot fe
ed o
n th
e le
aves
. It i
s th
e se
cret
ion
from
ap
hids
, kno
wn
as h
oney
dew
, whi
ch c
ause
s st
icky
de
posi
ts in
the
sum
mer
. How
ever
, it h
as a
wee
ping
gr
owth
hab
it w
hich
mak
es it
uns
uita
ble
for s
treet
si
tuat
ions
as
it re
quire
s re
gula
r pru
ning
. The
sp
ecim
ens
in th
e A
rbor
etum
are
som
e of
the
talle
st
in th
e U
K. Fals
e A
caci
a or
Bla
ck L
ocus
t R
obin
ia p
seud
oaca
cia
*Th
is tr
ee is
nat
ive
to th
e ea
ster
n U
SA
and
was
in
trodu
ced
in a
bout
163
0. It
suc
kers
pro
fuse
ly a
nd
the
new
sho
ots
are
dens
ely
thor
ny. I
t is
a m
embe
r of
the
pea
fam
ily a
nd it
s w
hite
flow
ers
prod
uced
in
early
sum
mer
are
follo
wed
by
pods
. Its
tim
ber h
as
rem
arka
ble
prop
ertie
s –
mor
e du
rabl
e th
an o
ak
and
will
not
shr
ink
and
so w
as u
sed
for ‘
tree
nails
’ –
woo
den
pins
in ti
mbe
r shi
ps.
Wyc
h El
m
Ulm
us g
labr
a *
The
elm
use
d to
be
a co
mm
on tr
ee o
ver m
uch
of th
e U
K. H
owev
er, t
he fu
ngus
kno
wn
as D
utch
E
lm D
isea
se w
iped
out
pra
ctic
ally
eve
ry s
ingl
e m
atur
e tre
e du
ring
the
1960
s an
d 70
s. T
he o
ne
at th
e A
rbor
etum
is th
eref
ore
rare
and
is a
lso
a pa
rticu
larly
impr
essi
ve s
peci
men
. Elm
s ca
n be
id
entifi
ed b
y th
e le
aves
whi
ch a
re a
sym
met
rical
.
Cop
per B
eech
Fa
gus
sylv
atic
a ‘P
urpu
rea’
The
purp
le le
aves
of t
his
larg
e st
atel
y tre
e ar
e a
com
mon
site
in g
arde
ns a
nd p
arks
thro
ugho
ut
Brit
ain.
The
tree
is u
sual
ly g
rafte
d an
d th
e un
ion
betw
een
root
stoc
k an
d sc
ion
can
ofte
n be
see
n ev
en in
mat
urity
. Thi
s pa
rticu
lar t
rees
can
be
accu
rate
ly d
ated
as
it ha
s a
ston
e m
arke
r at i
ts
base
with
the
insc
riptio
n ‘p
lant
ed in
188
9’.
4 5 6
2425
Derby A
rboretumTree Trail
Intr
oduc
tion
In 1
840
the
loca
l mill
ow
ner a
nd p
hila
nthr
opis
tJo
seph
Stru
tt, g
ave
the
Arb
oret
um to
the
peop
le o
f Der
by, m
akin
g D
erby
Arb
oret
um
Brit
ain’
s fir
st p
ublic
par
k. T
o de
sign
the
Arb
oret
um S
trutt
empl
oyed
the
fam
ous
gard
en d
esig
ner a
nd h
ortic
ultu
ral a
utho
r Joh
n C
laud
ius
Loud
on. H
e cr
eate
d th
e A
rbor
etum
as
a s
erie
s of
mou
nds
and
serp
entin
e pa
ths
and
plan
ted
over
800
diff
eren
t spe
cies
of
trees
and
shr
ubs
from
all
over
the
know
n w
orld
, arr
ange
d in
thei
r fam
ily g
roup
s.
A ca
talo
gue
was
pro
duce
d w
hich
gav
e in
form
atio
n on
all
the
diffe
rent
pla
nts
and
aim
ed to
edu
cate
the
publ
ic. E
xcer
pts
from
Lo
udon
’s c
atal
ogue
and
boo
k ar
e av
aila
ble
on d
ispl
ay in
the
Lodg
e an
d Lo
cal S
tudi
es
Libr
ary.
The
illu
stra
tions
thro
ugho
ut th
is le
aflet
ar
e al
so ta
ken
from
Lou
don’
s bo
oks.
Som
e of
the
orig
inal
184
0 pl
antin
gs h
ave
surv
ived
and
are
des
crib
ed in
this
leafl
et
(den
oted
by
*). U
nfor
tuna
tely,
a lo
t of t
he
orig
inal
tree
s di
ed d
ue to
dis
ease
, age
or
air p
ollu
tion.
Dur
ing
the
1880
’s -
90’s
a
mix
ture
of L
ondo
n pl
ane,
lim
e an
d ot
her
com
mon
spe
cies
of t
rees
wer
e pl
ante
d, th
ese
trees
hav
e th
rived
but
now
thre
aten
the
all
impo
rtant
var
iety
that
Lou
don
envi
sage
d.W
ith th
e ai
d of
a L
otte
ry G
rant
the
Arb
oret
umw
as re
stor
ed in
200
3. S
ome
trees
wer
e
Der
by A
rbor
etum
in th
e 19
00’s
.
DERBY
ARBOR
ET
U MFurther inform
ation
Wheelchair and pushchair accessible. D
ogs on leads w
elcome. C
ar parking is available at G
rove Street (pay and display). For bus
services ring the Traveline on 0871 2002233.D
uring office hours please telephone the Tree Line on 01332 641559 or em
ail [email protected].
For urgent tree problems out of office hours
please contact 01332 256060.M
inicom 01332 256666.
We can supply this inform
ation in any other w
ay style or language to help you access it.P
olish
Punjabi
Urdu
Printed on paper made from 75% recycled material.
ww
w.derby.gov.uk
rem
oved
, new
tree
s pl
ante
d, th
e lo
dges
re
stor
ed, a
nd th
e H
eart
of th
e P
ark
build
ing
cons
truct
ed. T
he im
prov
emen
ts c
ontin
ue
toda
y, w
ith th
e re
plac
emen
t of t
he F
lore
ntin
e B
oar d
estro
yed
durin
g W
WII,
new
pla
ntin
g an
d la
belli
ng o
f the
spe
cim
ens.
The
Trai
l sta
rts a
nd fi
nish
es a
t Gro
ve L
odge
an
d ru
ns in
an
anti-
cloc
kwis
e di
rect
ion,
taki
ng
abou
t an
hour
. Mos
t of t
he tr
ees
can
be
view
ed fr
om w
ell-s
urfa
ced
path
s an
d so
is
suita
ble
for w
heel
chai
rs a
nd p
ushc
hairs
.
23
P
Arboretum Park
A514 Osmaston Road
Harrington Street
Rose Hill Street
Normanton Road
Harriet Street
Grove Street
Morleston Street
Reginald Street
Royal CrownDerby
Loudon Street
Madeley Street
London Road
Community Hospital
Derby Arboretum Tree Trail Leaflet 2014.indd 1 23/04/2014 10:33
7
8
9
21
22
19
20
Wild Pear Pyrus communis *
This tree has been grown in Britain for thousands of years but is probably not native. It is particularly attractive in the spring when the flowers appear before the leaves. The small, hard fruit are not really edible until after they have rotted. The bark cracks into small squares like a chessboard. Some of the twigs bear small thorns.
Red Oak Quercus rubra
The large, pointed leaves which display red and russet autumn colours distinguish this American tree from the native oaks. The timber of red oak is of no commercial value and the tree is much shorter lived than our native oak - ‘only’ 180 years or so compared to up to 1000 for the common and sessile oaks.
Highclere Holly Ilex x altaclarensis
A spineless form of holly which arose at Highclere in Berkshire as a cross between the common holly and the Canary holly. This specimen is probably ‘Hodginsii’ as it is a male form and bears no fruit.
Holm Oak Quercus ilex
This tree originates from the Western Mediterranean but has been growing in Britain for over 400 years. It has very dark bark - almost black in colour, and is one of the most common evergreen oaks in Britain. It is hardy in most winters and thrives in coastal regions where the salt in the air does not seem to trouble it.
Silver Pendent Lime Tilia ‘Petiolaris’
The origin of this tree is unknown and it has to be propagated by grafting. The graft union at about 1metre is usually obvious. It was extensively planted in the Arboretum during the 1880’s and there are some particularly fine specimens here. It has a pendulous habit and the leaves are silver on the underside. The leaves are free of aphids and turn attractive yellow and gold in the autumn.
Narrow Leaved Ash Fraxinus angustifolia *
This is a particularly fine specimen well over 20metres tall. It displays the typical graft union of the species – sometimes the rootstock is less vigorous then the stem (scion) causing an unusual bulge. The leaves are much more delicate than the native ash and the keys smaller. The buds are brown rather than black like the common ash.
Black MulberryMorus nigra *
This small tree is often considered a ‘bush’ - hence the famous children’s song. However, it is definitely a tree - having a single stem at ground level - the stem of this tree is hollow and gives it the appearance of being very old. The fruits are delicious when found in the early autumn, but beware as they can stain clothes and skin!
Black WalnutJuglans nigra *
The most handsome tree in the Arboretum? This tree has been grown in Britain for more than 350 years but is only found in a few parks and gardens across the UK. The deeply fissured bark looks almost black from a distance. The leaves are compound with more than ten leaflets and often the terminal (end) leaflet is absent. Squirrels often eat the walnuts before they fully ripen.
American LimeTilia americana
This lime tree has much larger leaves than the other types in the Arboretum. It is the tallest example of its species in the UK (25m) and so is particularly noteworthy.
Turkish HazelCorylus colurna *
Native to south-east Europe and west Asia but grown in this country for nearly 500 years. It is the only hazel which can properly be referred to as a ‘tree’ because it grows a single stem. The nuts are edible and often occur in clumps with whiskered cups. The tree in Derby Arboretum is a very large, impressive example.
PinetumWhen walking around the Arboretum it becomes clear that there are very few conifers. When Loudon designed the Arboretum he put an area close to Grove Lodge aside for creating a pinetum (conifer collection). In this area was planted most of the conifers that were known at that time - various species of pine, spruce, fir, larch and cedar. All died many years ago and only a few have been replaced.
Grand FirAbies grandis
This very vigorous tree has the potential to grow to well over 50 metres tall and is prized for its timber. The crushed foliage has the scent of oranges and the cones are not obvious as they are found at the tops of trees and break up in the wind or are eaten by birds.
Monterey pinePinus radiata
It is unusual to find this Californian native in Derbyshire. It is commonly found in Devon and Cornwall planted as a windbreak. It differs from our native Scot’s pine in that it has three needles in a bundle rather than two. The foliage is an attractive bright green and the tree grows very fast in sheltered areas.
Sweet ChestnutCastanea sativa*
Many people would think this tree is a native to Britain, but the Romans probably brought it here. It is well known for its spiny cased, edible fruit that only ripen after a hot summer. They can grow very large with beautiful spiralling bark and trunks over 4metres wide. They very often have cracks and fissures which are excellent habitats for wildlife.
Tulip TreeLiriodendron tulipifera
This tree originates from North America over a large area from New England to Arkansas. It is a fast growing tree, and produces good quality timber known as ‘whitewood’. The Native American Indians used this tree to make dugout canoes. It is highly regarded for its large tulip like flowers borne in June/July and the handsome leaves that turn butter yellow in the autumn.
P
T
101112
4
3
2
125 24
22
2321
1816
17
13
1514
20
19
98 7
65
C
Caucasian Wingnut Pterocarya fraxinifolia *
This tree has ash like leaves and long dangling seed pods. The roots will often push up suckers which if left unmown will form a dense thicket. Autumn colour is gold.
Bean TreeCatalpa speciosa
Although this is a large, old specimen it is not an original tree. This species of Catalpa was not available to Loudon in 1840 and in any case is in the wrong location according to the catalogue. However, it is a particularly fine specimen and differs from the more common Indian Bean Tree by having narrower, more pointed leaves and it flowers in July – a month earlier than the Indian Bean Tree.
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Parkland
Mounds
Footpath
Broad leaves
Conifers
Pond
Fountain
Florentine Boar
Community Garden
Nature Reserve
Toilets
Car Parking
Cafe
T
P
C
Grove Lodge
Heart ofthe Park
18
Arboretum Square
N
Derby ArboretumTree Trail
Derby Arboretum Tree Trail Leaflet 2014.indd 2 23/04/2014 10:33