GROUND WATER CONDITIONS AND WATER

CONSERVATION DONE BY AGRICULTURE DEPARTMENT

IN HARYANA STATE

BY

RAKESH KUMAR CHIEF HYDROLOGIST

GROUND WATER CELL

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE & FARMERS WELFARE

HARYANA

BASIC AGRICULTURE STATISTICS OF HARYANA

STATE

Total Geographical Area (Sq. Km.) 44,212

Cultivable area (Sq. Km.) 36,760 (83.15%)

Net Area Irrigated (Sq. Km.) 29,740*

a) By Canals (Sq. Km.) 11,530 (38.80%)

b) Tube wells (Sq. Km.) 18,210 (61.20%) During year 2016-17*

No. of Tubewells (2017-18) 847750*

a) Diesel Pump Sets 297616*

b) Electric Pump Sets 550134*

NOTE:- “ * ” Tentative

GROUND WATER CONDITION IN HARYANA

Haryana is a water deficit state with respect to surface and ground

water resources. The ground water level in the State particularly in the

fresh ground water zone is depleting fast due to over exploitation of

ground water and is a very serious problem, Increasing demand and

scarcity of Ground Water Resource underlines the importance of Artificial

recharge and water conservation. Data is being collected from the grid

points established at 20 Sq. Km. in the State. Following points shows the

Ground water condition in State of Haryana:

The State Average decline in water table from June, 1974 to June 2018

is - 10.38 mtrs.

In districts Kurukshetra, Karnal, Kaithal, Bhiwani, Fatehabad, Panipat

Rewari, Sirsa & M.garh there is huge depletion of ground water due to

fresh ground water zones and paddy irrigation.

On the basis of Dynamic Ground Water Resource estimation as on

31.3.2013, the blocks have been categorized as Over Exploited, Critical,

Semi Critical and Safe. Presently, out of total 119 assessed blocks, the

number of Over Exploited, Critical, Semi Critical and Safe blocks in the

State are 64, 14, 11 and 30 respectively.

Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA), New Delhi has notified 21 no.

of blocks to regulate groundwater development in the State.

In Haryana there is approximately 8.48 lakh no. of tube-wells out of

which 2.98 lakh are diesel operated and 5.50 lakh are electric operated.

The ground water quality in 45% of the area of the State is not good for

irrigation due to salinity based on Electric Conductivity (E.C.) parameter

(E.C.>2000 Micro. Mhos/cm.

In the State 10% area is under water logging condition (data report for the

period June, 2018).

MAIN GROUND WATER ISSUES OF HARYANA

GROUND WATER DEPLETION (IN FRESH GROUND WATER QUALITY AREA)

WATER LOGGING (CENTRAL HARYANA DUE TO SALINITY AND INTENSIVE CANAL IRRIGATION)

DEMAND -SUPPLY GAP (NON COMAND AREA)

GROUND WATER POLLUTION (INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT DISPOSAL WITHOUT TREATMENT)

GROUND WATER SALINITY PROBLEM (CENTRAL PART)

CULTIVATION OF WATER INTENSIVE CROPS (CANE, AND PADDY) IN O.D. BLOCKS (IN FRESH GROUND WATER AREA)

DISPOSAL OF UNTREATED SEWERAGE AND INDUSTRIAL EFFULENT.

200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950

1000

RA

IN F

ALL

(M

M)

YEAR

AVERAGE RAIN FALL OF HARYANA STATE

Trend line

GROUND WATER POSITION IN

STATE OF HARYANA

DECLINING

GROUND WATER

LEVELS

Sr. No. District DEPTH TO WATER TABLE (METRES) FLUCTUATION IN WATER

TABLE (METRES JUNE 1974 TO

JUNE, 2018

JUNE, 1974 JUNE, 2018 1974-2018

1 AMBALA 5.79 11.44 -5.65

2 BHIWANI 21.24 24.19 -2.95

3 FARIDABAD 6.42 18.57 -12.15

4 FATEHABAD 10.48 29.78 -19.30

5 GURGAON 6.64 26.88 -20.24

6 HISSAR 15.47 8.08 7.39

7 JIND 11.97 14.33 -2.36

8 JHAJJAR 6.32 5.24 1.08

9 K.KSHETRA 9.27 39.11 -29.84

10 KAITHAL 6.28 29.33 -23.05

11 KARNAL 5.72 19.13 -13.41

12 M.GARH 16.11 48.54 -32.43

13 MEWAT 5.50 11.33 -5.83

14 PALWAL 5.37 11.09 -5.72

15 PANIPAT 4.56 21.17 -16.61

16 PANCHKULA 7.58 17.63 -10.05

17 ROHTAK 6.64 4.22 2.42

18 REWARI 11.75 27.31 -15.56

19 SONEPAT 4.68 10.23 -5.55

20 SIRSA 17.88 20.71 -2.83

21 Y.NAGAR 6.26 12.70 -6.44

TOTAL 9.19 19.57 -10.38

DISTRICTWISE WATER TABLE FLUCTUATION

JUNE,1974 TO JUNE,2018

Sr. No. District DEPTH TO WATER TABLE (METRES) FLUCTUATION IN WATER

TABLE (METRES JUNE 1995 TO

JUNE, 2018

JUNE, 1995 JUNE, 2018 1995-2018

1 AMBALA 8.30 11.44 -3.14

2 BHIWANI 18.29 24.19 -5.90

3 FARIDABAD 9.93 18.57 -8.64

4 FATEHABAD 9.18 29.78 -20.60

5 GURGAON 15.21 26.88 -11.67

6 HISSAR 8.92 8.08 0.84

7 JIND 9.11 14.33 -5.22

8 JHAJJAR 6.01 5.24 0.77

9 K.KSHETRA 16.50 39.11 -22.61

10 KAITHAL 8.89 29.33 -20.44

11 KARNAL 10.65 19.13 -8.48

12 M.GARH 29.11 48.54 -19.43

13 MEWAT 9.04 11.33 -2.29

14 PALWAL 7.56 11.09 -3.53

15 PANIPAT 9.83 21.17 -11.34

16 PANCHKULA 14.11 17.63 -3.52

17 ROHTAK 5.94 4.22 1.72

18 REWARI 15.81 27.31 -11.50

19 SONEPAT 6.73 10.23 -3.50

20 SIRSA 10.73 20.71 -9.98

21 Y.NAGAR 8.77 12.7 -3.93

TOTAL 11.36 19.57 -8.21

DISTRICTWISE WATER TABLE FLUCTUATION JUNE,1995 TO JUNE,2018

BLOCKS SHOWING MORE THAN 20

METER HISTORICAL DECLINE

(1974-2018) AND VILLAGE FALLS IN

THESE BLOCKS

The villages falls in the blocks shown above tables

having sharply declining trend i.e. More than 20

meters. There is urgent need of Artificial recharge and

rain water harvesting in the above said areas.

Sincere efforts have been made by State Agriculture

Department as per available resource to arrest the

depletion of groundwater levels across the State. The

main reason of depletion groundwater in the study area

is sowing of paddy and wheat cultivation due to

excessive groundwater irrigation.

COMPARISON BETWEEN

GROUND WATER RESOURCE ESTIMATION

2013 AND 2017

Category of Block During 2013 During 2017 (Yet

to approve)

Total No. Assessed of

Blocks

119 128

Over Exploited 64 78

Critical 14 3

Semi critical 11 21

Safe 30 26

EFFORTS MADE BY

AGRICULTURE

DEPARTMENT HARYANA

FOR WATER

CONSERVATION

ROOF-TOP RAIN WATER

HARVESTING

DETAILS OF RAIN WATER HARVESTING

PROJECTS UNDERTAKEN/ INSTALLED IN THE

STATE OF HARYANA

Agriculture department has introduced a State Plan

scheme during the year 2005-06 namely “2402 soil &

water conseration-102-soil conservation, sb-80

scheme for providing assistance on adoption of water

saving technologies” under which a component

“accelerated recharge to ground water” to recharge

the ground water in water level depleting areas of the

state. Under this scheme, 850* roof top rainwater

harvesting structures has been constructed on Govt.

buildings in the State upto 2018-19.

GUIDELINES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF ROOF TOP

RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURES

• These structures are installed in Govt. buildings, preferably

in Schools.

• It is ensure that no contaminated water reaches the

structure.

• The Roof-top area where recharge structure is to be

constructed should be more than 100 square metres.

• The size of recharge pit/filtration tank taken for

uniformity, is of 2.5*2.5*2.5 m3 dimensions. The laying of

filter-material laying in the tank is atleast 0.50m, 0.40m

and 0.40m thickness, comprising of respectively the

rounded (not broken) boulders, gravel and sand from

bottom to top.

DESIGN OF ROOF-TOP RAIN WATER HARVESTING

STRUCTURE

IMAGES OF SOME

STRUCTURES

CONSTRUCTED BY

AGRICULTURE

DEPARTMENT HARYANA

GOVT. PRIMARY SCHOOL, BHOJPUR (YAMUNANAGAR)

GOVT. SR. SEC. SCHOOL SARAWATI NAGAR (YAMUNANAGAR)

GOVT. SR. SEC. SCHOOL KOTLA (YAMUNANAGAR)

GOVT. SR. SEC. SCHOOL SADHAURA (YAMUNANAGAR)

GOVT. SR. SEC. SCHOOL KACHCHWA (KARNAL)

HUDA PARK SECTOR-07, THANESAR (KURUKSHETRA)

AREAS/ REGIONS ARE BEING FOCUSED FOR RAIN WATER

HARVESTING IN STATE & MAJOR BENIFITS

The water deficit areas i.e. Over-exploited, critical blocks

given priority for construction of rainwater harvesting

structures in the State.

The major benefits are:

Fulfils domestic demand i.e. watering garden & plants,

washing clothes, car washing etc. in water scared areas.

Fulfils irrigation demand in water scared areas.

Reduce water bills.

Rise in ground water level.

Reduces run-off losses i.e. soil erosion etc.

Reduces flooding.

ASSESSMENT OF QUANTUM OF WATER RECHARGE BY

ROOF TOP RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURES

THE ASSESSMENT OF QUANTUM OF WATER

RECHARGED EVERY YEAR.

ABOUT 8.50 LAKH CUBIC METER (85 crore litre)

RAIN WATER RECHARGE FROM THESE

STRUCTURES DURING THE YEAR 2018.

Under Ground Pipeline

(UGPL)

Underground Pipe Line system (UGPL):

The Underground Pipe Line project is one of the flagship projects of

the department taken under RKVY and the programme has widely

been accepted by the farmers in the entire State. By laying UGPL

System, Rice-Wheat and Cotton-Wheat are two principal cropping

sequences of the State covering an area of around 17.00 lakh

hectare. The topography of the area is flat and the mode of

irrigation essentially remains flood irrigation, it has been estimated

that appreciable quantities of water are lost by way of evaporation

and seepage from the irrigation channels. Intensive cropping

sequence over a period of time has resulted in degradation of

underground water resources. Therefore, on-farm water

management through water saving devices (underground pipeline

system) is need of the hour in the light of degradation of

underground reserves. So far, an area of 2.15 lakh ha had been

brought under this system by providing assistance amounting to

Rs. 375.19crore

MICRO IRRIGATION

SYSTEMS

Sprinkler Irrigation System:

Similarly, sprinkler Irrigation system also in heavy demand

especially in South- Western regions of the State. So far, 1.81 lakh

no. of sprinkler sets have been installed in the State. The subsidy

is admissible for General Category farmers (@ 60%) of the total

cost of the system, Small & Marginal (@ 70%) and Schedule

Caste (@ 85%) farmers with a limit of 5 ha per beneficiary.

Mini-Sprinkler:

The system has been taken up for the first time during 2017-18 for

promotion in agricultural crops. The subsidy is admissible for

General Category farmers (@ 60%) of the total cost of the system,

Small & Marginal (@ 70%) and Schedule Caste (@ 85%) farmers

with a limit of 5 ha per beneficiary. An amount of Rs. 576.29 lakh

has been utilized for providing subsidy during the year 2017-18 &

2018-19 under PMKSY

Drip Irrigation System:

So far, an area of 5196 ha has been covered under the system by

providing subsidy amount of Rs. 43.15 crore in the State. The

subsidy is admissible for General Category farmers (@ 60%) of

the total cost of the system, Small & Marginal (@ 70%) and

Schedule Caste (@ 85%) farmers with a limit of 5 ha per

beneficiary.

The over exploited and critical 36 blocks have been selected in

the State for promotion of micro-irrigation systems i.e.

Sprinkler, Mini-Sprinkler and Drip irrigation systems. In these

blocks, assistance @ 85% for all categories of the farmers

without the limit of 5 ha is being provided for adoption of

micro-irrigation system

WATERSHED MANAGEMENT

SCHEMES INVOLVED

VARIOUS SOIL & WATER

CONSERVATION WORKS

Execution of Soil & Water Conservation Works on Watershed basis in the State:

Watershed Management schemes involved various Soil & Water conservation works viz., Water Harvesting Structures, Percolation Tanks, Gully plugs, Check Dam,Silt Detention Dam, Drop Structures, Farm Ponds, Drainage Line Treatment etc. along-with other activities/components. These Soil Conservation measures help in Recharging of Ground Water, moisture conservation, erosion control, checking of land degradation, improvement in crop productivity, restoration of eco fragile system etc. Scheme for Integrated Watershed Development &Management Project (IWDMP) was sanctioned for the first time during 2012-13 at a total cost of Rs. 395.00 lakh. Need based soil & water conservation activities are taken up in rain-fed as well as flood prone areas of the State. District Panchkula, Ambala, Yamunanagar, Bhiwani, Fatehabad, Sirsa, Hisar, Jhajjar, Rewari, Mohindergarh, Mewat, Palwal & Gurgaon falls under this scheme

OTHER ..

• “The Haryana State Preservation of Sub Soil Water Act, 2009” has

been enacted which prohibits sowing of Paddy before 15th of May

and transplanting of paddy before 15th of June. This Act has been

quite successful in checking the exploitation of ground water

especially in Paddy growing areas.

•Land levelling with Laser land leveller is used for

precision/scientific levelling of land thereby facilitates effective

utilization of farm inputs. It saves about 20% water used in

irrigation. Department is promoting use of laser levelling technology

by way of demonstrations, providing machines on custom hiring

basis and subsidy.

•Mass Awareness Campaigns are being launched to educate the

farmers regarding conservation of groundwater and judicious use of

irrigation water. Farmers are being advised to grow less water

intensive crops.

WATER

Ground Water is a Precious National Renewable

Natural Resource Hence

Preserve it

Protect it

and

Don't Over use, Misuse & Abuse it.