department of toxic substances control - ncal...
TRANSCRIPT
Department of Toxic Substances Control
October 27, 2015 Regulatory Update
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Brian Lewis, PG, CEG, CHG Chief, Geological Services Unit, Berkeley Brownfields and Environmental Restoration Program 510-540-3950 [email protected]
Myrto Petreas, PhD, MPH Chief, Environmental Chemistry Branch Environmental Chemistry Laboratory (ECL) 510-540-3624 [email protected]
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• New Director • Organizational/Personnel Updates • Guidance Updates
– Preliminary Endangerment Assessment – Monitoring Well Design and Construction – Human and Ecological Risk Office (HERO)
– Human Health Risk Assessments Notes 1-5 • Groundwater Inspections • Safer Consumer Products Program • Environmental Chemistry Laboratory (ECL)
– Emerging Issues
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Barbara Lee CalEPA Secretary Matt Rodriquez swore her into office on December 1, 2014, and she was confirmed by the California State Senate on 8/20/2015. • Barbara brings 27 years in environmental and
scientific experience, nearly 20 of which were in a regulatory capacity leading the Northern Sonoma County Air Pollution Control District.
• She has experience organizing and implementing strategy and rule development, and collaborating and leading multi-agency efforts.
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Vacant Chief Deputy Director
Vacant
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Preliminary Endangerment Assessment (PEA)
https://www.dtsc.ca.gov/PublicationsForms/upload/PEA_Guidance_Manual.pdf
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• Interim Final update issued in October 2013. • DTSC accepted comments for one year (ending October
2014). • Comments addressed • Minor changes to equations to reflect U.S. EPA’s updated
default exposure models. • Final guidance October 2015
10 https://www.dtsc.ca.gov/PublicationsForms/upload/Well_Design_Constr_for_Monitoring_GWContam_Sites1.pdf
Final: June 2014
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DTSC ACKNOWLEDGES AND THANKS (External Reviewers)
• David W. Abbott, Consultant • Katherine Baylor, USEPA • Thomas J. Berkins, Alameda County Water District • John Cherry, University of Guelph • Murray Einarson, Haley & Aldrich • Sonne Fleming, PC Exploration • Gary Foote, Terra Pacific Group • John McHugh, GRA Technical Committee • William McIlvride, Weiss Associates • Roger Papler, SF RWQCB • Eric Senter, DWR • Murray Wunderly, Terra Pacific Group
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New: 2.0 Planning • Triad, CSM, DQOs • Characterization vs. Monitoring • Sealing Confining Layers • Multi-Level Systems (MLSs) • Horizontal Wells • Direct Push Wells
Updated: 3.0 Monitoring Well Design and Construction • Nebraska Grout Study • Pre-Packed Screens
Few changes: 4.0 Well Casing and Screen Materials • Caution Re: Use of newer materials/innovative
designs
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• Human Health Risk Assessment (HHRA) Notes 1 through 5
– Provides recommendations and guidance on specific health risk assessment issues.
• Ecological Risk Assessment (ERA) Notes 1 through 6 – Clarifies specific issues not addressed in DTSC’s Guidance for Ecological Risk
Assessment released in 1996.
Focusing tonight on HHRA Notes
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HHRA Note 1 Recommended DTSC default exposure factors for use in risk assessments at California hazardous waste sites and permitted facilities • Most recent Issue date: September 30, 2014 (consistent with USEPA OSWER Guidance)
HHRA Note 2 Interim guidance for addressing dioxins and dioxin-like compounds. • Most recent issue date: May 2009
HHRA Note 3 Guidance for using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) Regional Screening Levels (RSLs) in the human health risk assessment process at California hazardous substances release sites and permitted facilities • US EPA RSLs for about 750 chemicals are updated twice a year • Presents DTSC-modified screening levels for some chemicals (using State of CA toxicity values) • Most referenced HHRA Note. Lookup tables included • Most recent issue date: October 12, 2015
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HHRA Note 4 • Current recommended methodology for conducting screening-level human health risk
assessments • Methodology presented in the PEA guidance manual is consistent with Note 4 • Most recent issue date: October 6, 2015 HHRA Note 5 • Human health-based indoor air screening criteria for trichloroethylene (TCE) re: Short-term
Action Levels of USEPA Region 9’s July 8 2014 memorandum • Discussion of the relationship between groundwater TCE concentrations and the
recommended extent of indoor air sampling • Short-term action levels for indoor air TCE concentrations for residential and
commercial/industrial buildings • Most recent issue date: August 23, 2014
https://www.dtsc.ca.gov/assessingrisk/humanrisk2.cfm
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• Focused Groundwater inspection – Observe sampling
• 55 sites • Findings Sept 2013 to October 2014:
– 14 audits 10 well maintenance issues 7 Sampling and Analysis Plans issues
Implementation Update
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• Safer consumer products. • Greater market opportunities for
innovative companies • Healthier us!
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23 Authoritative Lists referenced • Quarterly Updates
Exclusions • Pesticides • Prescription drugs • Metabolite/breakdown
products • Radioactive chemicals • Natural toxins
>1,100 Chemicals http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/SCP/ChemList.cfm
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1. Chemicals
2. Products (Product-Chemical Combinations)
Candidate Chemicals List
Priority Products
Alternatives Selection
4. Regulatory Response
3. Alternatives Analysis
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Children’s Foam-padded Sleeping Products with TDCPP and TCEP
Spray Polyurethane Foam systems with Methylene DiphenyI Diisocyanate
Paint Strippers containing Methylene Chloride
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• Dermal, ingestion, inhalation exposure pathways • Biomonitoring data • Chemicals found in indoor air monitoring • Sensitive subpopulations – children, workers • Aquatic resource impacts • Water quality monitoring evidence
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7 Product Categories
• Beauty, Personal Care and Hygiene Products • Building Products - Paints, Adhesives, Sealants, Flooring • Household/Office Furniture/Furnishings • Cleaning Products • Clothing • Fishing and Angling Equipment • Office Machinery Consumable Products
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• Once the Rules for the 3 Products are final, manufacturers will: • Notify DTSC they make a product. • Evaluate alternatives
• DTSC just released DRAFT Stage 1 Alternatives Analysis Guide
• Seek your feedback now until November 16, 2015.
Myrto Petreas, Ph.D., MPH
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Provide DTSC, Cal/EPA and other agencies with scientific leadership and laboratory capacity in environmental analytical chemistry.
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Environmental Analytical Chemistry • Consultation • Sample analysis • Method development • QA/QC reviews • Applied research in support of new initiatives
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• Metals • Volatiles and semi-volatiles • Diesel, motor oil, gasoline • Pesticides, PCBs, Dioxins • Chemicals of emerging concern
₋ Flame retardants ₋ Fluorinated chemicals
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• The study of the sources, pathways, transport, effects and fate of chemicals in the air, water, soil, wildlife and humans.
• Interdisciplinary • Multimedia
• 30+ years of expertise
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• Vision • Serendipity • Synergy • Quality
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In the late 1970s, the Hazardous Materials Laboratory (HML) was formed to support enforcement of regulations and clean up hazardous waste sites.
Dr. Stephens, Lab Chief
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Dr. Stephens adds capabilities to study dioxins.
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1987 explosion and fire at Koppers Wood Treatment Plant (Oroville)
• Extensive sampling of soil and vegetation • Sampling expanded to grazing animals and residents
Pentachlorophenol Dioxins
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Staff trained at CDC were able to analyze Dioxins in soil, chicken eggs and tissues.
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• First grant (USEPA) to study Dioxin uptake in grazing animals.
• Chicken feeding study (bioaccumulation and depuration in eggs, liver, muscle).
• Publications were used extensively during Belgian egg crisis (late 1990s).
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• Transformer explosion (Dept. of Education building in Sacramento)
• Metal recovery site cleanups (Mobile Smelting) • Superfund sites (McCormick-Baxter)
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• Grazing cows integrate contaminants over entire field
• Fewer samples
• Faster decision making
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Human Biomonitoring
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• Flame retardants • Added to products
• Dubious efficacy
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0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000
ng/g
lipi
d
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• Legislative restrictions on PBDE use (2003)
• Changing flammability standards (2014)
• PBDE levels are dropping
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0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
BDE-47 BDE-99 BDE-100 BDE-153 BDE-154 BDE-207 BDE-209
ng/g
lipi
d w
eigh
t 2008-2010
2011-2013
p = 0.016
p = 0.025
p = 0.061
p = 0.034 p = 0.013
p = 0.049
(N=21)
(N=22)
Guo et al. submitted
Bay area cats >10 years old HT & non-HT
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0
20
40
60
80
100
120
2008-09 2011-12 2013-14
Aver
age
Ʃ5PB
DEs (
ng/g
lipi
d)
SF General Hospital 1st time mom 2nd trimester early-mid 20s
39% (Zota et al 2013)
?
Ʃ5PBDEs = BDE -28, 47, 99, 100, 153
(N=25) (N=36) (N=50)
(Parry et al. in prep)
BDE-209 in Dust from occupational settings 47
1 4
6
17 20
0
10
20
30
40
50
CAFH,n=27
Japan,Offices,
n=14
MA,Offices,
n=31
UK,Offices,
n=18
Planes,n=20
Thailand,E-waste,
n=25
Med
ian
BDE-
209
Conc
entr
atio
n, µ
g/g
California Firehouses (CAFH) Offices Airplanes E-waste Facility
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0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
TBB TBPH BTBPE DBDPE
GM
(ng/
g)
CA Fire Houses 2010 (n=27)
CA Residences 2010 (n=59)
Boston Residences 2006 (n=19)*
* H Stapleton et al, Environ. Sci. Tech. 42, 2008, 6910-6918
Major BFRs in Firehouse and House Dust (Brown et al. 2014)
Firemaster 550®
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• From packaging, water/stain resistant items, firefighting foams,…
• Contaminant at fire-fighting training areas, burn pits,…
• Adapted method (originally developed for blood) to support groundwater cleanups
Firefighting Foams at Air Force Bases
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USEPA’s Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) reports PFCs in drinking water supply California Teachers Study: Blood PFCs in ~2000 women across California Those living in zip codes served by Water Districts with high PFCs had higher PFC blood levels than the rest (p<0.004)
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• Contribute to Chemicals selection • Coordinate with the California Biomonitoring Program • Exposure assessment techniques
• Blood, urine, hand wipes, house dust, furnishings
• Intervention study
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Measuring contaminants: • Groundwater • Soil • Sediments • House dust • Wildlife • Human specimens
