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Department of Biology

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departmental board

Head of DepartmentBjørn Munro Jenssenbjorn.munro.jenssen@bio.ntnu.noTel.: 73 59 60 73Mob: 918 97 120

Deputy Head of Department Hans Jakob Jakobsenhans.jakobsen@bio.ntnu.noTel. 73 59 62 88Mob: 905 55 286

Heads of Scientific SectionsBiotechnology, Molecular and Environmental Biology Professor Augustine Arukwe Ecology, Ethology & Evolution Associate Professor Christophe Pélabon Physiology and Marine Science Professor Egil Sakshaug

Department CouncilExternal members Professor Hans Stenøien, Vitenskapsmuset, NTNU Seniorrådgiver Else Løbersli, Direktoratet for naturforvaltningSubstitutes Associate professor Kaare Aagaard, Vitenskapsmuset, NTNU Seniorrådgiver Lisbeth Gederaas, Artsdatabanken, NTNU Permanent scientific staff members Professor Trond AmundsenSubstitute Associate professor Bård Pedersen Professor Helge ReinertsenTemporary scientific staff member PhD candidate Irja Ida Ratikainen Substitute PhD candidate Øystein LeiknesTechnical/administrative staff member Senior Engineer, Marianne Dore HansenSubstitute Executive officer Ingunn YttersianStudent members Ms Høye Thorsen Substitutes Ms Ane Sofie V. Fremstedal Ms Anja Haugerud

Editor: Bjørn Munro JenssenLayout Per Harald Olsen/Helge Dyrendal Rø

ForewordThe Department of Biology is one of the largest depart-ments at NTNU, with a total of 210 employees in 2009. Altogether, our scientific staff is engaged in the teach-ing of about 78 different courses at our BSc, MSC and PhD programmes. To make more time and resources available for scientific activities, one of our largest challenges is to reduce the number of courses, but at the same time ensure that the quality of the courses become even better.

Although the Department of Biology was established in 2002, in 2009 we celebrated our 50th Anniversary. This is because in 1959 The Department of Biology was established at the Norwegian College of Higher Educa-tion (Norges Lærerhøgskole i Trondheim, NLHT). The Department was then divided into the Departments of Botany and Zoology, in 1961. NLHT later became the Norwegian College of Arts and Sciences, and then NTNU in 1996, and the Department of Biology was re-established in 2002.

As part a major part of our celebration the book “Å forstå livet” (“To understand the Life”) edited by our former student Tor Bollingmo, was published. The book provides a history of the research within biology in Trondheim, starting in 1250, via the establishment of oldest scientific society in Norway, The Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters (Det Kongelige Norske Videskabers Selskab) in 1760, the establishment of the Department of Biology at NLHT in 1959, to our current teaching and research activities at NTNU. Several of our staff members have contributed significantly to the book. The Anniversary was celebrated with a scientific symposium and a large party on the 8th of May.

In August, professor Eivin Røskaft ended his 8-year period as the Head of the Department. During this period he has managed to merge the former Depart-ments of Botany and Zoology and Trondhjem Biological Station from the Museum to become what is today the well functioning Department of Biology at NTNU. After his period as a the Head, Røskaft received funding for a one year stay at the Centre for Advanced Study (CAS) at the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters. Pro-fessor Arne Moksnes and several other post. docs from the Department joined Røskaft in the research group on “Coevolutionary Interactions and Adaptations in a Metapopulation Context” at CAS.

In December, we received the sad message that one of our most distinguished professors, Karl Erik Zacharias-sen passed away at the age of 67 years. Zachariassen was first employed at the Department as a lecturer in physiology in 1973, and was later employed as an assistant professor in 1977. He became a professor of zoophysiology in 1988. Zachariassen was the Head of the Department of Zoology during two periods from 1984 to 1987.

His contributions to the scientific activities at the Depart-ment were significant. He was also a popular and highly respected teacher among our students. In 2009, 7 PhD candidates graduated from the Depart-ment, whereas 54 MSc students graduated. The de-crease in the number of graduated students from 2006 until 2009 is due to restrictions in the intake of new students. 131 publications from the Department were recorded in the Norwegian Database for Statistics on Higher Education (DBH). This is a significant increase from previous years. The “publication points” as defined by DBH was the highest ever recorded (85.1 points).

ResearchThe Department of Biology is organized into three major research and teaching sections:

• Biotechnology, Molecular and Environmental Biology

• Ecology, Ethology & Evolution• Physiology and Marine Science

The activities of each section are reported in the following pages.

Trondheim, 2010, Bjørn Munro Jenssen

Department Board Head of Department

Administration

Ecology, Ethology and Evolution

Physiology and Marine Science

Biotechnology, Molecular andEnvironronmental Biology

Karl Erik Zachariassen.

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StaffPermanent scientific staff 33Temporary scientific staff 44Technical/administrative staff 29PhD candidates 88Adjunct Professor 3Other temporary staff 13Total 210

ADMINISTRATIVE SECTION (AS)

Permanent administrative staffAune, Lisbeth, Senior Executive OfficerBaggerud, Carolyn, Senior EngineerJakobsen, Hans Jakob, Head of AdministrationMoseng, Anne Beate, Executive OfficerSommervold, Marit, Administrative AssistantSæterhaug, Berit, Executive OfficerTronvold, Tove, Executive OfficerYttersian, Ingunn, Executive OfficerZvizdic, Jasenka, Executive Officer

Temporary administrative staffFørde, Marian

Committee of StudiesScientificstaff:Professor Augustine ArukweProfessor Helge ReinertsenAssociate Professor Richard StrimbeckProfessor Jonathan WrightResearch Scientist Henrik JensenProfessor Ole Christian BergPhD candidate Alexander HandåPhD candidate Karen de JongPhD candidate Mohsen FalahatiPhD candidate Jenny Bytingsvik

Secretaries:Senior Executive Officer Lisbeth Aune Excecutive Officer Ingunn Yttersian

Financing

LocationThe research and teaching activities of the Depart-ment take place at five locations:

• Natural Sciences Building (Realfagsbygget, Gløshaugen)

• NTNU-Sealab (Brattørkaia)• Trondheim Biological Station (Trolla)• The Plant Biocentre (Dragvoll)• The Neuroscience Unit (Medical-Technical Re-

search Centre, Øya)

The Natural Sciences Building is situated at the main NTNU campus in the city centre. The majority of the staff at the Department of Biology work here and this is also the centre for teaching and the location of most facilities. Marine and aquatic research, including aqua-culture, is carried out at NTNU-Sealab and Trondheim Biological Station.

EconomyThe Department income consists of university funding and overheads from external projects. In 2009 the income was MNOK 56, of which approx 80 % was used for salaries of permanent staff. In addition, the Department has a high externally funded activity. In 2009 the external income was MNOK 38 and the number of external projects exceeded 100. Most of the projects were funded by The Research Council of Norway.

Project expenses are mainly salaries for the over 145 temporary scientific staff (PhD students, Post docs, researchers) and technicians.

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PhD candidatesArbo, IngeridBarah, PankajBrattbakk, Hans RichardChawla, KonikaFeuerherm, Astrid (defended her thesis, February 09)Forberg, Torunn (50% at IBI)Haldsrud, RenateKittang, Ann-IrenLiu, BinNajafi, JavadNymark, MarianneSeem, MartinSommerfelt, RandiSporsheim, BjørnarSørmo, ChristopherTran, Hong DiemVenkatesan, AravindVie, Ane Kjersti

BIOTECHNOLOGY,MOLECULARANDENVIRONMENTALBIOLOGYSECTION(BME)The section for Biotechnology, Molecular and Environ-mental Biology (BME) consists of six research groups, of which five are located at the Natural Science build-ing (Realfagbygget) at Gløshaugen and one (Plant Biocentre) at Dragvoll. Professor Augustine Arukwe is the head of the section. Based on our research and pedagogic competence, we offer research and training related to cell- and molecular biology, mole-cular and cellular toxicology, genetics and molecular genetics, evolution and population genetics, immunol-ogy and molecular imaging. Our common research goal is to explore molecular function and evolution, cellular processes, and to understand the integration of molecular processes with phenotypic variations and the environment. This requires the integration of an understanding of different types of molecular and cellular processes to form a complete picture of biological dynamics. In addition, the interplay between organisms and environmental stressors and the sub-sequent molecular and cellular processes that lead to adverse health effects are integral aspects of the research in this academic section. The development and use of qualitative and quantitative markers (“bio-marker”) for cellular, molecular, organismal and pop-ulation effects are required. Thus, ongoing research spans from investigations of molecular processes of the cell and molecules to population genetics and the section is also involved in space research and com-mercialization of biotechnology through the company, Avexxin. The permanent staffs are our permanent scientific base, consisting of 4 professors and 2 associ-ate professors; as well as 16 postdocs and scientists, 18 PhD fellows, 13 technicians and about 30 master degree students. Our teaching and curricula content are related to the fields of cell and molecular biology, molecular genetics, genetics, evolution, cell biology,

BIOTECHNOLOGY, MOLECULAR AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY SECTION (BME)

Scientific staff, permanentArukwe, Augustine, Professor (section head)Bones, Atle M., ProfessorIversen, Tor-Henning, ProfessorJohansen, Berit, ProfessorKrøkje, Åse, Associate ProfessorMartin, Kuiper, Associate Professor

Scientific staff, temporary Ahuja, Ishita, ResearcherBo, Jian, Post doc.Brembu, Tore, ResearcherGimmestad, Martin, Post doc.Jones, Kymry, ResearcherFeuerherm, Astrid J.Kissen, Ralph, ResearcherKortner, Trond Moxness, post doc.Kusnierczyk, Anna, Post doc.Mironov, Vladimir, ResearcherMortensen, Anne Skjetne, Post doc.Rohloff, Jens, ResearcherThangstad, Ole Petter, Associate professorVercruysse, Steven, Post doc.Ween Ola, Post doc.Winge, Per, Researcher FUGE national service node

Technical staff, permanent Hansen, Marianne Dore, Senior EngineerHanssen, Guri Fyhn, EngineerHusby, Ingeborg, EngineerSkille, Rolf, EngineerTorsetnes, Egil Magne, Engineer

Technical staff, temporaryDavik, JanHalvorsen, Bente Uhre, Engineer FUGE national nodeHyldbakk, Elisabeth, Staff EngineerKissen, RalphNilsen, Mariann BakkeRaakvaag, GretheSparstad, Torfinn, Senior Engineer FUGE national nodeSæther, Mari, Staff Engineer

immunology, and molecular imaging, with responsibil-ity for 7 undergraduate and 4 graduate courses.

CellandMolecularBiologyGroup(CMB)Professor Atle M. Bones is head of the CMB group, which in 2009 had 19 members: 12 scientific staff (3 research-ers, 3 post-docs, 6 PhDs), 2 technicians and 5 master students. The main research area is cell and molecular biology/ functional genomics/ systems bio logy, focus-sing on host defence, plant-insect interactions, signal transduction and developmental biology. In addition to research activities, the CMB hosts the national microar-ray service platform (Norwegian Arabidopsis Research Centre - NARC) that is one of the core technology platforms of the national functional genomics program (FUGE).

Projects:• Systems biology approach to plant defence (FUGE)• Marine algae genomics• Modelling of plant-insect interactions (Strategic

University program)• Multiple stress responses and adaptation (EU, ERA-PG)• Genomic analyses and modelling of plant secondary

metabolism (Nordic, NKJ)• Signal transduction in cell separation processes

(FUGE)• Molecular and functional studies of the WAVE-like

regulatory complex. (NFR)

SystemsBiologyGroup(SSB)SSB is headed by associate Professor Martin T. R. Kuiper. In 2009, the group had 8 members: 1 research-er, 1 post-doc, and 7 PhD candidates (3 of them work-ing in Gent, Belgium, co-supervised by Kuiper, and 4 PhD students (3 shared with other co-supervisors) in different NTNU systems biology projects. The main research area is the development of semantically inte-grated information sources that can be ‘understood’ by computers: semantic systems biology to build and test systems level hypotheses about molecular pro-cesses. The group is carrying out work both in the field of plant and animal research. The group works closely together with key systems biology research-ers at the Departments of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, and with the Gastrin Systems Biology group at the Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine of the Medical Faculty.

Projects:• Text curation platform MineMap (www.biology2.org)

designed to extract knowledge from literature (FUGE)• Semantic Systems Biology platform (BioGateway,

www.semantic-systems-biology.org) to enable complex queries and computational reasoning

• Cell Cycle Ontology (www.cellcycleontology.org): an application ontology to capture knowledge about the cell cycle regulation process in Arabidopsis, Humans, and yeasts (bakers yeast, fission yeast)

• Systems biology approach to plant defence (HFSPO)• Gastrin response pathway modelling, a systems

biology project spanning 4 departments at 2 faculties• EMERALD: a EU FP6 framework Coordination Action

to develop approaches that implement quality assur-ance and quality control in microarray data production

PLA2Group(Lipidsignallinggroup)The aim of research in the PLA2 group, headed by Professor Berit Johansen, is to understand the molecular mechanisms regulating cellular signalling. Our studies are of relevance for understanding funda-mental physiological and pathological processes. We focus on intracellular signalling pathways involving activation of phospholipase A2 enzymes, the genera-tion of lipid mediators and involvement of lipid interac-tions during communication processes. Of particular interest is the signalling that regulates inflammation, the common symptom of chronic diseases. More spe-cifically, our interests are inflammatory mechanisms in psoriasis and cardiovascular disease. Moreover, chronic diseases also include life style disease, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. One aspect of life style is diet. Human intervention studies addressing which diet macronutrient composition is optimal for health, have been performed. In order to identify novel mechanisms of disease development, a systems bio-logical approach, including transcriptomics, proteom-ics, lipidomics and SNP-analysis is being employed. In collaboration with the biotechnology company, Avexxin AS (founded by Johansen, www.avexxin.com), a novel drug directed against a novel cellular aimed at treating psoriasis target was developed. The drug has success-fully completed preclinical testing and is about to enter clinical testing. The R&D-program of the company includes investigation of inflammatory mechanisms in two new disease models. The goal being to iden-tify novel disease regulatory enzymes and to develop mechanism based anti-inflammatory drugs. There are collaborations with three university labs in Europe and the US for drug synthesis, testing and development in new indications. The PLA2 group has been engaged in development of novel biotracers by a collaborative project with the oil industry.

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MolecularandCellularToxicology/PhysiologyGroupProfessor Augustine Arukwe is the head of the research group. An integral emphasis of our research has been on the studies of functional and developmental altera-tions of wildlife caused by exposure to environmental stressors and during physiological changes. In addition and in collaboration with the aquaculture groups at NTNU, we are studying the hormonal and environmental control of oocyte development in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). In collabo-ration with other international groups and within NTNU, we are performing research using marine mammals, seabirds and amphibians as model organisms. The development of physiological genomics/ proteomics response biomarkers in these species is one aspect of the research. A major and pioneering focus has been the development and validation of targeted gene chips for use as sensitive screens for environmental and endo-crine stress indicating chemically-induced differential gene expressions via receptor-mediated process and for use in the studies hormonal control of reproductive processes and larvae-microbial interactions. Our imme-diate and future research focus is to consolidate on past research gains within the past years by developing an oligo-based gene array for diagnostic gene and protein responses (toxicogenomics and proteomics) targeted towards the understanding of regulatory, functional and developmental aspects of fish oogenesis, larval develop-ment, reproductive and general health and the influence of chemical substances. In addition to basic research on understanding the molecular mechanisms behind nuclear receptor regulated processes and how they are influenced by physiology and xenobiotics (including complex chemical mixtures) and global climate change in fish species.

Projects: • Climate change, emerging pollutants and reproduc-

tion dysfunction in fish: Linking quantifiable measures of climate change with pollution and biological con-sequences. (NFR)

• An Integration of Climate Change and Endocrine responses: Effects of temperature, carbon dioxide and contaminant stress on Atlantic cod (Fulbright fellowship).

• Modulation of second messenger mediated acute steroidogenesis by tributyltin (TBT) in multiple tissues of Atlantic salmon (YGGDRASIL fellowship).

• Neural and Interrenal Steroidogenesis as Cellular and Molecular Targets for New and Emerging Flourinated and Pharmaceutical Endocrine Disruptors (NFR).

• Molecular Ontogeny of Digestive Capability in Atlantic cod Larvae, Gadus morhua. (FUGE).

MolecularGenotoxicologygroupThe research group headed by Associate Professor Åse Krøkje, focuses on genotoxicology and effects related to induction on enzymes that metabolize organic pol-lutants (cytochrome P450 enzymes). Pollutants may have genotoxic effects in that they may bind to DNA causing DNA adducts and/or disrupt chromosomes by forming chromosomal abberations This may lead to detrimental effects such as development of can-cer, serious malformations in offspring, and a wide range of cellular and physiological effects. The group focuses on genotoxic effects of organic and heavy met-als on both animals and plants. Exposure to organic pollutants may induce formation of cytochrome P450 enzymes that metabolize these compounds. However these metabolites may be more toxic than their moth-er-compounds. An in-vitro fish hepatic cell system is applied to study organic pollutants, heavy metals and their synergistic effects of P450 enzyme induction and related effects.

PlantBiocentreThe Plant Biocentre, located at Dragvoll University Cam-pus, NTNU, is a branch of the Department of Biology. The Head of the Plant Biocentre is Professor Tor-Henning Iversen. In 2009 the staffs (employed at IBI and NTNU Samfunnsforskning AS) consisted of 12 scientific staff members, 4 technicians and 2 master degree students. The education of MSc and PhD students within the areas of molecular biology, cell biology and plant physiology are main educational goals of the centre. The scientific activities at the centre are both basic research and applied science within areas of agricultural research.

The centre has extensive experience with space related biology and since 1989, has performed 6 experiments on the space shuttle. The centre is one of 10 centres in Europe serving as user support operation centres (N-USOC) for the International Space Station (ISS). In this context the centre is responsible for a payload on ISS called the European Modular Cultivation System (EMCS) where the focus is on plant cultivation under fully con-trolled environmental conditions. The Plant Biocentre is also involved in basic research on plants growing under varying gravitational conditions, e.g. under simulated weightlessness on ground and under real weightless-ness in space (micro-g conditions).

ECOLOGY, ETHOLOGY AND EVOLUTION SECTION (EEE)STAFFScientificstaff,permanentAmundsen, Trond, ProfessorBerg, Ole Kristian, ProfessorEinum, Sigurd, ProfessorGraae, Bente Jessen, Associate ProfessorMoksnes, Arne, ProfessorPedersen, Bård, Associate ProfessorPélabon, Christophe, Associate ProfessorRingsby, Thor Harald, Associate ProfessorRosenqvist, Gunilla, ProfessorRøskaft, Eivin, ProfessorSandlund, Vera, lecturerSæther, Bernt-Erik, ProfessorSöderström, Lars, ProfessorWright, Jonathan, Professor

Scientificstaff,temporaryAndersson, Christian, Post doc. Armbruster, Scott, Adjunct Professor Borg, Åsa Alexandra, Researcher Cobben, Marlene, ResearcherFossøy, Frode, Post doc.Grøtan, Vidar, ResearcherHansen, Brage Bremset, Post doc.Hilmo, Olga, ResearcherHolmern, Tomas, ResearcherJensen, Henrik, ResearcherKazem, Anahita J.N., Post doc.Lande, Russell, Adjunct professorMelis, Claudia, ResearcherPärn, Henrik, Post doc.Sandvik, Hanno, Post doc.Séneca, Ana, Research associate Stokke, Bård Gunnar, ResearcherVan Moorter, Bram, Post doc.Aanes, Sondre, Researcher

Technicalstaff,permanentLindmo, Sigrid, Senior EngineerSkjærvø, Gine, Senior EngineerOlsen, Per Harald, Staff Engineer

Technicalstaff,temporaryDavidsen, Ole RoarHöglund, RonnyVaagland, HenrietteLiv Antonsen

PhDcandidatesAntonov, AntonAronsen, TonjeBegum, SajedaBjørkvoll, EirinBjørneraas, KariBolstad, Geir HysingDahl, Espen LieDe Jong, KarenDunfjeld, SigbjørnEgset, Camilla KalvatnFalahati-Anbaran, MohsenFoldvik, AndersHoland, Anna MarieHoland, HåkonHuisman, JiskaIkanda, Dennis (defended his thesis, December 09)Jackson, CraigKraabøl, MortenKvingedal, EliLarsen, Kristin-LineLee, Aline MagdalenaLinnerud, MaritLyngstad Anders Mathisen, Ingrid E.Myhre, Lise CatzMfunda, IddiMolina, Lester Rocha (defended his thesis, December 09)Pedersen, SimenPuffer, MichaelRatikainen,Irja IdaRobertsen, GretheRolandsen, Christer MoeRosvold, JørgenSarker, RaihanSkjelseth, SigrunSolem, ØyvindTeichert, Maxim Vikan, Johan Reinert (defended his thesis, October 09)Vindenes, YngvildWacher, Sebastian

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ECOLOGY,ETHOLOGYANDEVOLUTIONSECTION(EEEThe Section for Ecology, Ethology and Evolution (EEE) headed by Associate Professor Christophe Pélabon employed in 2009 a total of 80 people. The section included 14 permanent scientific staff (professors, associate professors, lecturer), 3 permanent technical staff, 19 temporary scientific staff (researchers and post-doc), 4 temporary technical staff, and 40 PhD can-didates. A total of 50 MSc students were supervised by members of the EEE section during 2009. The research groups of the EEE section work on a broad range of ecological, behavioural and evolutionary issues, using a variety of animal and plant model systems. One major aim of the research in the EEE section is to ask fundamental questions to improve our basic understanding of nature. Another aim is to conduct research of relevance for environmental manage-ment and biological conservation. A joint evolutionary framework unifies research on ecological and behav-ioural processes within the section. The research groups of the EEE section all have extensive networks of international collaborators, and the section has a large portfolio of externally funded research projects from both national and international sources. The EEE section is dedicated to the integration of research and teaching, emphasizing the involvement of students at all levels in dynamic scientific environments in the laboratory and in the field.

The Centre for Conservation Biology (CCB) aims at pro-moting high quality science of international level com-bining theoretical and empirical approaches to answer fundamental questions relevant to biological conserva-tion. The core of the CCB regroups several members of the EEE section from various sub-disciplines, but also includes members from other NTNU faculties and inde-pendent research institutes in Trondheim. The research activities of the CCB are presented separately below.

The Brood Parasitism Group within EEE was honoured with one year residency at the Centre for Advanced Study from the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters from August 1st 2009.

AnimalBehaviourThe Animal Behaviour Group includes the research labs of Professors Trond Amundsen, Gunilla Rosenqvist and Jonathan Wright. Core areas of research include sexual selection, sex role dynamics and social evolution. All the three labs are involved in work on these topics, making Animal Behaviour a coherent unit. The animal behaviour labs make use of a range of mostly fish and bird model systems.

Professor Trond Amundsen’s lab has a current focus on sex role dynamics in animals, including what makes sex roles vary, and the sexual selection consequences of such variation. A particular emphasis is on sexual selection and sexual behaviour in females, a previously

neglected field of research. Amundsen’s lab mainly uses the two-spotted goby, a small fish with uniquely dynamic sex roles, as a model system. The lab is part of a Nordic network of labs using gobies to study animal behaviour evolution. Amundsen also runs a project that aims at understanding why coral reef fishes are so col-ourful, and how coloration relates to species diversity in reef fishes, based on fieldwork at the Great Barrier Reef in Australia. While most of the work in Amundsen’s lab aims at understanding fundamental behavioural processes and phenomena, the lab is also involved in conservation-related work.

Professor Gunilla Rosenqvist runs a long-term project on sex role reversal in pipefish, focusing on how and why sex roles and secondary sexual characters evolve in animals, why sex roles sometimes reverse, and how costs of sexual selection are divided between males and females. The long-term goal of the research is to un-derstand how ecological factors shape mating systems and sexual selection. The objective is to contribute to a resolution of the problem environmental change poses for mating systems in nature. The central hypothesis is that such change alters and typically reduces sexual selection, leading to changes in the mating system that may influence natural populations. The aim is to char-acterize how the genetic mating systems and the actual intensity of sexual selection may change in response to a change in several environmental variables in experi-mental populations of pipefish.

Professor Jonathan Wright works generally on the evolution of cooperation, involving both empirical and theoretical projects in a number of different countries. He currently works on field projects on cooperatively breeding birds in Australia, one investigating the effect of kinship and population viscosity on apparently altru-istic helping behaviour in bell and noisy miners, and the other, a long-term study of cooperative and state-dependent behaviour in apostlebirds at UNSW Fowlers Gap. Additional collaborative projects involve examining parent-offspring conflict and risk-sensitive foraging behaviour in wild birds, and the evolution of personalities in stickleback and great tits.

FreshwaterEcologyProfessors Ole Kristian Berg and Sigurd Einum constitute the core members of the freshwater ecology group. In addition, the group currently includes 6 PhD students and a number of associate members and MSc students. Their main focus is on the population ecology of salmonid fish. Using these species as model organisms they address questions concerning the processes that shape popula-tion dynamics, such as energetics, cannibalism and com-petition, and the role of spatial structuring of habitats. In addition to providing insights into general ecological issues, they also concentrate on providing knowledge relevant for management and conservation. To ensure such relevance they maintain a close collaboration with more applied institutions both in Norway (NINA, Sintef, NTNU Museum of Natural History and Archaeology) and abroad (Marine Scotland Science Freshwater Laboratory, USDA Forest Service). These collaborations include both participation in research projects, research seminars, and supervision of master and PhD students. In addi-tion to this general activity the group joined a research centre for environmental friendly energy (FME) funded by the Norwegian Research Council (NFR) and the en-ergy industry during 2009. This centre, named CEDREN (Centre for Environmental Design of Renewable Energy), is providing considerable research opportunity for this group and will involve research cooperation with a num-ber of researchers from Norway, Finland, Germany and USA. The main emphasis within this centre will be given to research on density-dependent processes and long-term energetics of salmon populations in rivers utilised for hydropower production.

EvolutionaryBiologyProfessors Arne Moksnes, Eivin Røskaft, researcher Bård G. Stokke and Post-doc Frode Fossøy are study-ing co-evolutionary interactions between avian brood parasites and their hosts. Fieldwork is carried out in Norway, Finland, Sweden, Bulgaria, Bangladesh and China. Arne Moksnes, Eivin Røskaft and Bård G. Stokke were appointed guest professors at Hainan Normal University, China. In total, 2 papers have been published in international peer-reviewed journals in addition to several other contributions both in media and popular scientific journals. Three PhD-students were attached to the group in 2009. From August 2009 this group moved to the Centre for Advanced Study (CAS) in Oslo, where the group will work for one year on a project called “Co-evolutionary interactions and adaptations in a metapopulation context”. This work will be carry on with leading international scientists within the field of co-evolution and brood parasitism until August 2010.

Arne Moksnes, Bård G. Stokke and Frode Fossøy, in col-laboration with Professor emeritus Yngve Espmark, have continued the work with the project “Reproductive biology of the snow bunting in the high Arctic”. This involves collec-tion of long-term data on breeding parameters in the snow bunting, along with data on climatic variation in Svalbard.

Great tit.

Associative Professor Christophe Pélabon is studying how genetic architecture constrains adaptive evolu-tion. This work combines theoretical work with field and lab studies in several model organisms, the guppy, Dalechampia (Euphorbiaceae) and Drosophila, in col-laboration with W. Scott Armbruster from Portsmouth university and NTNU, Thomas F. Hansen from the Uni-versity of Oslo, David Houle from the University of Florida and Gunilla Rosenqvist from NTNU. Ongoing projects in 2009: Genetic correlation and evolutionary constraints in the guppy (NFR); Testing Measures of Evolvability: Adaptation and Genetic Constraints in Dalechampia vines (NSF).

NaturalResourceManagementProfessor Eivin Røskaft has been collaborating on the project “Biodiversity and human-wildlife interface in Western Serengeti, Tanzania” with TAWIRI and SUA. This project produced one PhD in 2009; Dennis Ikanda. One other Tanzanian PhD candidates, Iddi Mfunda as well as three MSc students are still involved in the project. Tomas Holmern and Bård G. Stokke are involved in some of these projects. In addition two PhD candidates from Bangladesh, Raihan Sarker and Sajeda Begum, are involved in a similar project in Bangladesh. This NUFU financed project is based on collaboration between NTNU and the University of Chittagong. Six scientific papers were published from this group in 2009.

Røskaft is leading an additional project which involves “Behavioural ecology of human behaviour”, which aims at looking how our evolutionary past affects the way humans behave in modern society. One scientific paper was published in 2009.

Eivin Røskaft and Bård G. Stokke have been also involved in studies on conflicts between birds and windmills together with NINA and SINTEF.

PlantEcologyAssociative professor Bente Jessen Graae was employed August 1st and works on plant adaptation and migra-tion capacity in relation to climate change as well as the impact of climate on plant communities. She is co-supervising two Ph.D. students working on soil nutrient and vegetation patterns along altitudinal gradients in the Subarctic area around Abisko, Northern Sweden. She is also involved in a network of forest plant ecologists (see www.fleur.ugent.be) co-supervising a Ph.D. student working on growth and reproductive characteristics of Anemone nemorosa and Milium efusum growing in populations along a latitudinal gradient from Northern France to Northern Sweden. She is further supervising Master students, some of them working on restoration projects at the former military area at Hjerkin.

Professor emeritus Håkan Hytteborn studies distur-bance and species patterns in boreal forest ecosystems

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and on shorelines with land-upheavals on timescales from decades to centuries using old investigations in part as background. Additional projects involve studies on management and plant-animal interactions within the aforementioned project “Biodiversity and human-wildlife interface in Western Serengeti, Tanzania” with NINA, and TAWIRI and SUA. Olga Hilmo runs the project “Dispersal and establishment of old-forest lichens in managed boreal forests”. The project aims at identifying factors limiting the distribution of vulnerable old-forest lichens in the coastal spruce forest. Special attention is given to the initial stages of the life cycle. Increased knowledge about dispersal and establishment of epiphytic lichens is a prerequisite for developing appropriate methods in forestry aimed to conserve lichen diversity.

Associate Professor Bård Pedersen has been working together with Lester Rocha on the project “PACA (Pas-tures of Central America)”, a collaboration between NTNU, CATIE and NINA, which aims at improving the understanding of ecological processes determining sustainability and animal production in silvo-pastoral systems. Bård Pedersen and Anders Lyngstad have worked on the project “Population ecology of clonal plants in mown, outlying lands”, which explores the effects of climate and mowing versus overgrowing on demography and population ecology of Eriophorum an-gustifolium, Eriophorum latifolium and Molinia caerulea with the Museum of Natural History, NTNU. Pedersen has also contributed to the international alpine monitor-ing program GLORIA. PlantBiodiversityandConservationProfessor Lars Söderström is involved in a project “Early Land Plants Today (ELPT)”, partly funded by The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and is working together with a large group of international col-leagues on documenting the biodiversity of the nearest living relatives to the first land plants, the liverworts. This is the first attempt to combine information on taxonomy, distribution and diversity for a substantial group of plants. It includes building a database with all described taxa and their occurrences in over 1000 geopolitical areas across the world. This database has been used to estimate the number of extant liverwort species, for the first time with an objective data set. He is also, together with Ana Séneca and colleagues from La Réunion and South Africa, involved in the mapping of biodiversity in the western Indian Ocean as a result of an expedition to explore the bryoflora of La Réunion. He is also, together with many colleagues, involved in the conservation of bryophytes (ECCB) and plants in general (Planta Europa) across Europe. Lars Söderström, Annika Hofgaard (NINA) and their PhD student Ingrid Mathiesen are working on the potential for the tree limit to respond to environmental changes across an east-west and a coast-inland gradient in northern Norway and Russia.

CentreforConservationBiologyThe Department of Biology hosts the Centre for Conser-vation Biology (CCB), an interdisciplinary research group that encompasses approximately 35 scientific members from three departments at NTNU (Biology, Mathematical Sciences and Social Economics), as well as from three research institutes (the Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, the Institute for Marine Research and the Norwegian Polar Research Institute).

Professor Bernt-Erik Sæther leads the CCB. Some of the main projects in CCB include: “Predicting consequences of climate change on population fluctuations of birds and mammals in time and space”, financed by NORKLIMA, employing researchers Vidar Grøtan and Ivar Herfindal; the STORFORSK project “Population genetics in an eco-logical context” involving Christophe Pélabon and Gunilla Rosenqvist. This project investigates the conflict between the maintenance of genetic variation and the loss of behav-ioural fitness in captivity, using the guppy as a model spe-cies. In addition, the CCB collaborates closely with more than 15 international partners. Activity is mainly financed by major grants from the Research Council of Norway. The overall vision for the CCB is to provide important scientific advances in basic and applied questions in population biology, by using a unified theoretical framework when studying a number of carefully selected model systems.

To achieve this goal, a large part of the research activity in the CCB is to develop a general theoretical framework, based on stochastic population modelling, to derive general principles underlying the dynamics of natural populations. These principles are used to explore applied questions, such as the effects of expected changes in climate and loss of critical habitat types upon the popu-lation dynamics of various species. Furthermore, this theory is then applied in the study of population genetic processes within natural populations.

During the past year some important milestones were achieved by the CCB. Firstly, a general stochastic theory for the dynamics of age-structured populations was developed that includes density dependence as well as demographic and environmental stochasticity. This theory demonstrates that, in many cases, fluctuations in age-structure will often cause changes in population size that may be misinterpreted as density dependence or lead to biased estimates of environmental stochasticity.

This theory was used to show that many patterns in the population dynamics of birds can be related to basic life history characteristics that influence generation time.

Secondly, this theory enabled the development of meth-ods for estimating the rate of genetic drift in natural populations from demographic data. These methods were used to show that the ratio of the effective popu-lation size to the actual population size may be more variable than previously realized.

PHYSIOLOGY AND MARINE SCIENCE SECTION (PMS)STAFFScientificstaff,permanentAlmaas, Tor Jørgen, Associate ProfessorBech, Claus, Professor Jensen, Bjørn Munro, ProfessorJohnsen, Geir, ProfessorKjørsvik, Elin, ProfessorMork, Jarle, ProfessorMustaparta, Hanna, ProfessorNilssen, Kjell, ProfessorOlsen, Yngvar, ProfessorReinertsen, Helge, ProfessorSakshaug, Egil, ProfessorStrimbeck, Richard, Associate ProfessorZachariassen, Karl Erik, Professor

Scientificstaff,temporaryArdelan, Murat Van, ResearcherCiesielski, Thomas, Post doc.Eide,Ingvar, Adjunct ProfessorEvjemo, Jan Ove, ResearcherHancke, Kasper, Post.doc.Neyts, Alexandra, Researcher Olsen, Anders, ResearcherOlsen, Lasse, Researcher Pedersen, Sindre Andre, Post doc.Sørmo, Eugen Gravningen, ResearcherStranden, Marit, ResearcherTokle, Nils Egil, Post doc.

Scientificstaff,temporaryArdelan, Murat Van, ResearcherCiesielski, Thomas, Post doc.Eide,Ingvar, Adjunct ProfessorEvjemo, Jan Ove, ResearcherHancke, Kasper, Post.doc.Neyts, Alexandra, Researcher Olsen, Anders, ResearcherOlsen, Lasse, Researcher Pedersen, Sindre Andre, Post doc.Sørmo, Eugen Gravningen, ResearcherStranden, Marit, ResearcherTokle, Nils Egil, Post doc.

Technicalstaff,permanentAndresen, Kjersti, Chief EngineerBardal, Tora, Chief EngineerEggen, Grethe Stavik, Chief EngineerEtter, Siv Anina, Staff Engineer, Indset, Odd Arne, Chief EngineerKillingberg, Frode, EngineerNguyen, Thanh Thuy Thi, Senior EngineerRennan, Kjersti, Senior EngineerSand, Jan, EngineerSimensen, Bjørn Terje, AssistantØstensen, Mari-Ann, Chief Engineer

Thirdly, the stochastic population theory has been used to analyse how climate variation affects the dynamics of populations from a wide variety of species. A general pattern that emerges is that the stochastic influences on population dynamics are often large. As a consequence, we anticipate strong effects of expected climatic change upon many vertebrate populations, which may also have severe economic implications.

Fourthly, the severe implications of climate change for natural populations were further accentuated by the fact that we were able to demonstrate that climate may induce a common signal in population dynamics over large distances, even after accounting for the effects of density dependence and spatial heterogeneity in local population dynamics. A lot of this research will be summarized in two book-chapters in a book edited by Ander Pape Møller and Wolfgang Fiedler and published by Oxford University Press.

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PhDcandidatesAndersen, Lars ErikAttramadal, KariBergvik, MariaBlöcher, NinaBytingsvik, JennyBåtnes, AnnaFærevik, HildeHammer, Karen M.Hancke, TorunnHandå, Aleksander Hansen, Jacob HønborgHeimburg, Erna vonHovland, Erlend K. Leiknes, ØysteinLudvigsen, Martin Løfaldli, Bjarte ByeKjellsen, Trygve D. (defended his thesis, June 09)Kvello, Pål (defended his thesis, May 09)Miljeteig, CecilieNguyen, Huy Quang, Noreen, ElinPettersen, RagnhildSolem, ØyvindValle, Kristin CollierVarne, RebekkaVillanger, Gro DehliVolent, Zsolt (defended his thesis, December 09)Wiggen, Øystein NordrumWang, XinxinØverjordet, Ida Beate

PHYSIOLOGY AND MARINE SCIENCE SECTION (PMS)The section for physiology and marine sciences consists of research groups that focus on animal and plant physi-ology, marine biology, aquaculture and ecotoxicology. Professor Egil Sakshaug has been the head of the section which in 2009 consisted of 13 permanent scientific staff (professors or associate professors), 11 technical staff, 12 temporary scientific staff (researchers and postdocs), and 30 PhD candidates. The research is carried out at Realfagsbygget, MTFS, at Trondhjem Biological Station (TBS) and at NTNU Centre for Fisheries and Aquaculture (Sealab)

PhysiologyAssociate Professor Richard Strimbeck’s group is in-vestigating mechanisms of extreme frost tolerance in boreal conifers such as Siberian spruce and Scots pine. In 2009, Trygve Devold Kjellsen successfully defended his PhD thesis, entitled “Extreme Frost Tolerance in Boreal Conifers”. He confirmed that needles of boreal conifers can survive immersion in liquid nitrogen at -196˚C and produced detailed frost acclimation curves for needles of six temperate and boreal conifer species in the arboretum at the Ringve Botanical Garden. He used this data and 2-D differential in-gel electrophoresis to identify some 60 proteins that accumulate during the acclimation process. These include dehydrins, proteins

that likely protect cells from the effects of extreme low temperature. Kjellsen partially isolated and character-ized two dehydrins in Siberian spruce that accumulate during late acclimation as the trees acquire tolerance temperatures as low as -196˚C, the temperature of liquid nitrogen. Further qRT-PCR work in collaboration with the Norwegian Forest and Landscape Institute confirmed that several dehydrin transcripts accumulate in close association with frost tolerance parameters. Future work will focus on identifying other dehydrins and cryoprotective proteins in a range of spruce spe-cies, then isolating and characterizing these, followed by assessment of their potential use in stabilizing and protecting foods, drugs, cells, and tissue during long term frozen or dried storage.

Professor Claus Bech’s bird ecophysiology group studies energetics in a variety of bird species. PhD candidate Elin Noreen has in addition to several master students, been involved in the research during 2009. The research activi-ties have mainly concentrated on the continuing studies of kittiwakes breeding in the high Arctic (Svalbard) and studies on the individual variation in immunocompetence and metabolism in zebra finches. In 2009 studies have been conducted on zebra finches related to the effect of age on thermoregulatory capacities, immunocompe-tence and sex-specific energy allocation to chicks. The group also continued the cooperation with the Popula-tion Ecology Group at the Department of Biology, on the study on individual variation in physiological traits in wild populations of the house sparrows.

Professor Hanna Mustaparta´s group is focussed on chemosensory coding, learning and memory in moths and weevils, particularly on heliothine moths. This subfamily of numerous species is distributed on all continents and includes some of the most devastating insects in agriculture. Because of their well developed pheromone communication with interspecific interac-tions, their intimate interactions with plants based on olfactory and taste cues, as well as their ability of learning and memory, they are relevant models for studies of chemosensation and learning. The goal is to understand how biologically relevant odour and taste information is handled by neurons in the central nervous system, searching for the neuronal network underly-ing chemosensory coding and learning, particularly in Heliothis virescens. Progress in 2009 mainly concerns intracellular recordings from neurons in the antennal lobe, the lateral protocerebrum and the suboesophageal ganglion (SOG), combined with fluorescent staining for confocal microscopy followed by 3-D reconstructions of the neurons and the innervated brain structures. A standard brain atlas of H. virescens has allowed integration of neurons from different preparations into the same framework. Thus, neurons have been physiologically and morphologically characterised; the central olfactory neurons according to their responses to single primary odorants and mixtures, some showing

responses exclusively when tested for mixtures. The central gustatory neurons have been shown to integrate information about several taste modalities from GRNs on all appendages; antennae, proboscis and feet. After reconstructions, the olfactory and gustatory neurons have been integrated into the standard brain atlas of H. virescens. The second version of the atlas with integrated antennal lobe glomeruli further allows identification of the glomeruli innervated by antennal lobe neurons, in addition to their projections in the Calyces of the Mushroom Bodies and in the Lateral Protocerebrum. Whereas most central gustatory neurons are located in the SOG/tritocerebrum, some of them project in several areas of the brain, including the Lateral Protocerebrum, anterior-ventral of the olfactory area. Ongoing studies focus on neurons in the Lateral Protocerebrum, input as well as output neurons, which includes possible in-tegration of olfactory and gustatory information as well as neuromodulatory neuronal connections involved in appetitive/aversive learning and memory. International collaborations in 2009: Professor Randolf Menzel and Dr. Jürgen Rüback, Freie University of Berlin; Professor C. Giovanni Galizia, University of Konstanz; professor Anna-Karin Borg-Karlson, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm. Financial support 2009: The Royal Academy of Sciences and Letters, Trondheim.

Associated Professor Tor Jørgen Almaas uses elec-trophysiological and neuroanatomical techniques for experiments on the functional organisation of sensory systems (chemical senses, temperature and humidity) in insects. In 2009 a project on Dragonflies (Odonata) has been carried out in collaboration with the University of Perugia in Italy, supported by the Norwegian Research Council. The results indicate presence of a special type of temperature receptor. The results also bring forth information about the presence and the significance of the sense of smell in this group of insects.

Professor Karl Erik Zachariassen passed away just before Christmas 2009, putting an end to a 33-year career of teaching and research the institute. Despite reduced health in his last half year Karl Erik was busy as usual, following up his teaching and research with high enthusiasm. The research of his group has been focussed on problems related to climatic stress and biological effects of carbon dioxide. One series of ex-periments dealt with the structure of antifreeze proteins (AFPs). Post doc Sindre Andre Pedersen with success determined the primary sequence of a new AFP from the beetle Schizotus pectinicornis. The AFP is presently evaluated for the possibilities of patent licensing. Master student Thomas Fleisher finished his degree, in which he determined and compared AFPs from the longhorn beetles Rhagium inquisitor and R. bifasciatum. The results show that the sequences from the two species albeit homologous separated into two different clades, suggesting concerted evolution and/or birth and death evolution. Another series of experiments were focussed

on ice-nucleating features of biological ice-nucleating agents (INAs). Another research topic has been the im-pact of carbon dioxide leakage from underwater stores on bottom dwelling marine organisms. Two post. doc. scholarship holders, Erlend Kristiansen working on a VISTA-financed project, and Sindre Andre Pedersen financed by the faculty of Science and Technology, have been working with these problems. Kristiansen has been working mainly on the effects of carbon dioxide on deep and shallow water mussels, whereas Pedersen has been working on the impact of different concentrations of CO2 on Calanus. Karen Hammer obtained her Master degree in May on a thesis on the impacts of CO2 on a deep water mussel, and is currently working on a STATOIL-Hydro financed doctoral project on the same topic. Ida Almvik obtained her Master degree on studies of the effects of CO2 and acidification on the shallow water mussel Mytilus edulis. In order to establish realistic conditions for studying the effects of CO2 leakage from sub-seabed CO2 stores; the conditions 300 m depth will be simulated by means of experiments inside a high-pressure tank made of titanium. Construction of the tank was financed by STATOIL and The Research Council of Norway, and is the property of SINTEF, but placed NTNU’s laboratories at SEALAB. After technical problems with a custom-built robotic arm, things now look promising.

The activities of Professor Kjell J. Nilssen’s research group are funded by the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs within the programme ”Sustainable Poverty Reduction in Nepal (SPRN)”. The strategy is to develop aquaculture and rural fish farming in tandem with the national increase of hydropower installments. Areas to be given priority are: 1) Out-of-season reproductive control of indigenous species; with pineal melatonin as the most critical candidate involved in the mediation of photic effects on piscine reproduction, as emphasised in several studies. Seasonal changes in daily plasma melatonin cycles can control reproductive seasonality by inducing and synchronising the oocyte development. Melatonin is found to affect estradiol levels in mature carp females and to control the GtH II secretion via hypothalamic stimulatory centres. Ongoing studies try to find out if photoperiod per se can play an important role in the control and onset of seasonal maturation of sub-tropical freshwater living major carps if reared indoor. These studies are carried out in collaboration with the research group of Professor S. Maitra at the Visva Barathi University, Kalkota, India. 2) Formulation and production of pelleted plant-based diets for herbivo-rous and omnivorous fish species. Studies of major carp species have documented a dynamic change in diges-tive enzyme concentrations (amylase, total protease, trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase, chitinase) during the first weeks after hatching. These results are currently used for optimisation of larval food composition formulated from plant material. The work is done in collaboration with the research group of Professor R. Chakrabarti at Delhi University, Delhi, India. 3) Introduction of fish

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Professor Jarle Mork participated in the steering com-mittee of the Nordforsk project MADFish and is doing genetic research to determine the time since the di-vergence of the European blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou) and the Southern blue whiting (M. australis), in co-operation with Professor Einar Arnason, Reykjavik; one master student (Kim Halvorsen) is involved). Mork is also studying the fisheries biology and the popula-tion genetics of fish species in the Trondheimsfjord; fish specimens have been collected since 1973. Mork’s student Kim Hetland graduated in 2008, with a thesis on the ecology and reproduction of the coronate jel-lyfish Periphylla periphylla in Trondheimsfjord. Mork is member of the Steering Board in a LUR (Lite Utnyt-tede Resurser – Less Utilised Resources) pilot project supported by Innovasjon Norge, on possible utilisation of tissues from P. periphylla in industry and for human consumption, primarily Asian markets). Together with Dr. Jean-Francois Rees (Université Louvain, Belgium), Mork is conducting research on the effect of hydrostatic pressure on the toxicity of organic substances. The study object is the deep-see grenadier fish (family Macrouri-dae) from the Trondheimsfjord

Professor Elin Kjørsvik’s group is focused upon Early Life History of Fish studies, with a focus upon fish spawning, egg and larval quality, larval rearing, larval nutritional requirements and functional development of diges-tive mechanisms. In 2008–2009, new results on larval development and dietary responses were published from the strategic research programme CodTech and the project “Molecular Ontogeny of Digestive Capability in Atlantic Cod Larvae” (both NFR-funded). These were related to development of cod digestive mechanisms,

pond farming to poor rural people; As a result of pilot projects, several fish pond-farming women groups have been established in the rural hilly areas of Nepal. The groups are dedicated to ongoing training programmes and have sucessfully fulfilled their first farming cycle. Currently, a DVD-based pond-farming course, targetting these groups, are in the making. 4) Implementation of carp fry-producing units for restocking rivers regulated for hydropower use. The impact of hydropower produc-tion on river water flow may seriously reduce local fish populations. In order to mitigate these effects collabo-ration with Butwal Power Company, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Kathmandu University and Tribhuvan University has been initiated. The aim of the work is improvement of river management by restocking rivers with carp fry produced in local hatcheries. The project has contracted BPC for financing and building such hatcheries in the field.

Professor Bjørn Munro Jenssen’s group is tradition-ally dominated by many PhD -students with tasks that require advisors from institutes in addition to IBI. In 2009, his group (Eggen, Sørmo, Ciesielski and the PhD students Jenny Bytingsvik, Gro Dehli Villanger, Cecilie Miljeteig, and Ida Beate Øverjordet) focus on transport of pollutants in ecosystems and effects of pollutants on the organismal level, in particular endocrine-disrupting chemicals, and their impact on marine low and high trophic organisms. In 2009 emphasis was on levels and impacts of resistant organic pollutants in terres-trial birds (Ciesielski), trout (Sørmo) and polar bears (Byttingsvik, Villanger), levels and effect of mercury in marine arctic species (Øverjordet), and effects of oil pol-lutants on behaviour in Calanus finmarchius (Miljeteig in cooperation with Anders J. Olsen). Sørmo studied bioac-cumulation and effects of POPs in trout in Lake Mjøsa. Analyses are in progress. PhD student Iurgi Salaverria has been writing up his results related to endocrine disrupting effects of pollutants on fish for his PhD thesis.

MarineSciencesProfessor Egil Sakshaug participated in the International Polar Year (IPY) programmes NESSAS (concluded in 2009) and NESSAR, with work carried out by post doc Kasper Hancke and PhD student Erlend K. Hovland. A comprehensive dataset from four ocean-going cruises in the Norwegian and Barents Seas (2007 and 2008) have been analysed with focus on the impact of climate vari-ability on the marine planktonic ecosystem, essentially on the lower trophic levels. The results have improved our understanding of phytoplankton physiology and of how different aspects of the underwater light regime (raqdiant flux, daylength, spectral composition) interact with the primary production in these productive seas. The conclusions and dataset will be used to validate remote sensing products (the SeaWiFS products, for example) and to improve 3D coupled physics/plankton models. The latter is done in collaboration with SINTEF ‘Fiskeri og Havbruk’. As courtesy professor, Sakshaug

spent two months at the College of Marine Science, Uni-versity of South Florida in St. Petersburg. As editor-in-chief, Sakshaug together with co-editors Geir Johnsen at IBI and Kit Kovacs at the Norwegian Polar Institute had the pleasure of presenting the book Ecosystem Barents Sea in August The 580-page book was long in coming – writing began in 2004. Sakshaug was appointed NTNU’s delegate in the EUROCEAN Consortium in June.

Professor Geir Johnsen joined in 2008 a partnership programme in higher education between Norway and North America dealing with technology development for marine monitoring and ocean observation, focus-sing on automated platforms for making biological and hydrographical measurements (www.norus-science.com.). Partners are NTNU, UNIS (Spitsbergen), Cali-fornia Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo and Rutgers (the State University of New Jersey). In 2009 NORUS workshops were arranged in Svalbard and Cali-fornia, focussing on underwater platforms: Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUV), Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROV), inspection robots (crawlers) and long-distance gliders. Expeditions related to the NORUS programme have been carried out in Isfjorden, Svalbard with NORUS staff and students from both countries. Johnsen has continued his photobiological studies and is involved in several projects, including NESSAR and CLEOPATRA (funded by the Norwegian Research Council) (studies on food quality and trophic transfer in arctic marginal ice zones. A study involving molecular imaging of cell walls in diatoms (NTNU SYS-NANO-FUGE) was carried out by doctoral student Kristin Collier Valle and was partnered by Atle Bones. Johnsen is also in charge of a project on the impact of CO2 leakage on the deep cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa (funded by VISTA and partnered with NINA and IRIS). A Statoil-Hydro-funded project on hyperspectral imaging of marine diversity was initi-ated in 2008 with doctoral student Ragnhild Pettersen. Moreover, two engineers co-operate implementing new methodology for mapping and surveillance of selected taxa of corals and sponges. Johnsen also participates in a project funded by EEA between Norway and the Czech Republic which focusses on how climate change can af-fect photosynthetic production. Johnsen participated in the VISTA-funded project on the impact of oil discharge in light and temperature-acclimated Calanus finmarchi-cus. Johnsen’s Ph.D student Zsolt Volent graduated in December on in situ and remote sensing of phytoplank-ton blooms. In addition, three of Johnsen’s M.Sc students graduated (Hanne Thoen, Anette Elde and Ina Nepstad). Johnsen and Lasse Olsen completed building a small multispectral incubator for plankton algae, to measure the instantaneous photosynthetic response (VISTA). An NTNA-based company, Ecotone AS, of which Johnsen is one of the four founders, was incorporated 31 December 2009. The company focusses on marine monitoring and mapping of bio-geo-chemical objects of interest using underwater robotics and optical sensors.

allometric growth and functionality of the digestive and skeletal system, and histological and molecular mark-ers for larval nutritional condition in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). This work was carried out in collaboration with PhD-student Per-Arvid Wold, Postdoc Trond Kort-ner, and Professor Augustine Arukwe at IBI. Professor Kjørsvik is also involved in studies of fish larval dietary responses through several industrial projects on the cul-tivation and use of the copepod Acartia tonsa (led by Dr. Gunvor Øie, SINTEF). Studies of broodstock maturation, spawning, and start feeding of larvae of the tropical fish cobia (Rachycentron canadum), and sand bass (Psam-moperca waigensis) have been conducted in Vietnam over several years, in collaboration with Research In-stitution No. 1 and Nha Trang University. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and NTNU are supporting the work of the PhD-students Huy Quang Nguyen and Hung Quoc Pham, with supervision in collaboration with Professors Helge Reinertsen and Augustine Arukwe at IBI. The use of copepods Calanus finmarchicus and microalgae as possible dietary ingredients in fish feed (Elin Kjørsvik, Yngvar Olsen, Jan Ove Evjemo, Maria Bergvik, and Nils Tokle at IBI, Dr Kjell Inge Reitan at SINTEF) have also continued in 2009 through NFR-funded projects, were our focus has been on fish growth, nutritional utilisation and dietary responses. During 2008 - 2009, Kjørsvik supervised 10 MSc-students that were involved in the different projects. Professor Kjørsvik is also involved in the European thematic aquaculture networks “AQUA-TNET2008-2011”, funded by EU Commission, Lifelong Learning Programme), and “LARVANET” (COST-Action FA0801).

Professor Helge R. Reinertsen and collegues at NTNU (scientist Anders J. Olsen, PhD student Aleksander Handå), SINTEF (Dr.Trond Nortug) and Biotrix AS (scientist Dag Altin) have continued studies of how to maintain blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) quality during the post harvesting period. In cooperation with the company Oldermann Havbruk AS use of low temperature (below zero) storage of mussels have been evaluated as a method for long term storage of mussels to secure a continuously market supply when toxic algae or stormy weather cause harvesting problems. Also dry storage capacity of stressed and non-stressed blue mussels at temperatures above freezing point has been studied, using clearance rate as a viability indicator. Water re-lease and estimation of ammonia exudation of mussels at dry storage are other subjects of the research. Blue mussel is also considered as a relevant organism in integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA), including salmon, mussels and sugar kelp (Laminaria saccarina), a consept assumed to reduce the environmental effects of fish farming. However, the filtration effect of feces and fish feed particles of mussels is debated, and the PhD student has implemented controlled lab experi-ments to investigate growth responses of wastes from salmon farming. Changes in proportions of fatty acids in mussels are also used as an indicator of assimila-

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tion of fish farm wastes. The study is a part of an IMTA project implemented at SINTEF/NTNU in 2009. By field and laboratory studies and applying dynamic ecological models for marine systems, the research will evaluate the production potential in an integrated system as well as the ecological effect of integrated farming. The aim is to develop a technology for an integrated multi-trophic aquaculture in open seawater that can contribute to a future economically feasible and environmentally sustainable aquaculture industry. The research activi-ties related to fry production of Asian seabass (Lates calcifera) at Nha Trang University in Vietnam (Elin Kjørsvik, Helge Reinertsen) is coming to an end, but two Vietnamese PhD’s are still working with their thesis. Studies of broodstock maturation, spawning, and start feeding of larvae of the tropical fish cobia (Rachycentron canadum) have been conducted in Cua Lo in Nhe Anh, Vietnam, in collaboration with Research Institution No. 1 (Elin Kjørsvik, Huy Quang Nguyen, Helge Reinertsen). Eco-toxicological studies under Marine Sciences have been done in close cooperation with the professors Bjørn Munroe Jenssen and the late Karl Erik Zachariassen, and their respective groups. In 2009 there was additionally an extensive cooperation with SINTEF Materials and Chem-istry, Marine Environmental Technology and also other external parties (e.g. BioTrix). Traditionally the work has been focused on laboratory studies of environmental effects of marine oil spills, but CO2 related issues (po-tential leakage from sub-seafloor CO2 stores and ocean acidification) have eventually been included. In 2009, the NFR-funded project Long-term (chronic) effects of produced water effluent affecting reproduction in marine crustacean plankton (managed by Anders J. Olsen) was successfully completed. The project focussed on the effects of the water soluble fraction of oil (WSF) and oil droplet suspensions on development and reproduction in the copepod Calanus finmarchicus. The project agenda included the establishment of a laboratory stock of C. finmarchicus, and during 2009 the stock passed its 20. generation in captivity. To our knowledge this is a world record, and the culture has received international recog-nition. The availability of the C. finmarchidus culture has motivated the initiation of several projects addressing the species as a test target. In 2009, the SINTEF project Calanomics was running (participation from NTNU), and two joint venture projects headed by SINTEF Materials and Chemistry were successfully applied for to the Norwegian Research Council. Additionally a joint ven-ture project concerning the effects of increased ocean acidification and other environmental stressors on C. finmarchicus was succesfully applied for to the Research Council (NTNU, SINTEF, BioTrix, headed by NTNU (Sin-dre A. Pedersen)). In 2009 the group also participated on a joint venture NFR project headed by SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, on the effects of petrogenic oils on cod larvae (SINTEF, NTNU, IMR, BioTrix). Post doc. Sindre A. Pedersen (NTNU funding) has in 2009 been working on the effects of increasing seawater concentrations of CO2 on C. finmarcicus, which included development of equip-

ment for exposure studies. Post doc. Erlend Kristiansen (funded by VISTA) has also been working on CO2-related issues, mainly on effects of raised CO2 concentrations on different mussels. PhD candidate Karen Hammer (funded by Statoil) has developed exposure equipment and carried out experiments to reveal physiological effects of raised CO2 concentrations on marine crusta-ceans (mainly crabs and shrimps), and PhD candidate Cecilie Miljeteig has been working on development of the experimental set-up within the VISTA-funded project Impact of oil discharges on light- and temperature-adapted behaviour in the marine calanoid copepod Calanus finmarchicus. Cecilie Miljeteig has been guided by a research group with participants from different departments within NTNU, SINTEF, and BioTrix. In 2009, the MSc students Siv F. Rørvik and Vegard Thorset Våge were working with oil pollution and CO2-related issues, respectively (Anders J. Olsen main supervisor for both).

GeminiCentre“MarineJuvenileandPlanktonTechnology”Activities related to marine juvenile and plankton tech-nology is a main common focus area at Sealab, and this group was given status as the Gemini Centre “Marine Juvenile and Plankton Technology” by NTNU and SINTEF in 2009 (http://www.ntnu.edu/geminicentre/mtp). The Centre will contribute and encourage to multidisciplinar-ity in research and higher education related to biological, ecological and technological processes. Professor Elin Kjørsvik is leader of the new Gemini Centre, with 36 persons from NTNU and 21 from SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture as participants.

A strategic goal for the Gemini Centre “Marine Juvenile and Plankton Technology” is to develop basic multidisci-plinary knowledge for the next generation of cultivation technology for fish larvae and other planktonic organ-isms, including the generation of dynamic models of cultivated populations and interaction between species. Assumptions and predictions of these models are tested, in order to address basic biological as well as techno-logical problems related to cultivation and industrial potential at the national and international level. This work requires collaboration especially between biologi-cal, biotechnological and technological disciplines. The main activities of the Centre are related to marine larval and juvenile biology and production, plankton produc-tion, process control, automation and standardisation, water treatment, microbial control, welfare and health, processing, and systems biology.

PhDcandidatesThe Department of Biology had 88 PhD candidates regis-tered prior to 31.12.2009, in the following programmes:

MASTER’SDEGREEPROGRAMMEThe Department of Biology had 146 MSc students regis-tered prior to 31.12.2009, in the following programmes:8

54 students completed their master’s degrees in 2009:

MScTHESESAksnes, Leif Haraldson; (Wright, Jonathan; Kazem, Anahita N.J.) “False-feeding” helping behaviour in the cooperative apostlebird, Struthidea cinerea. 29 s.

Almvik, Ida; (Zachariassen, Karl Erik; Kristiansen, Er-lend) Fysiologiske effekter hos Mytilus edulis (L.1758) eksponert for CO2 og HCl. 65 s.

Andreassen, Irene; (Jenssen, Bjørn Munro; Bytingsvik, Jenny) New Emerging Persistent Organic Pollutants in Selected Arctic Biota. 89 s.

Aune, Sigrun; (Söderström, Lars) Tree recruitment at and beyond the treeline - potential for tree cover change in Northern Norway and North-Western Russia. 33 s.

Aurdal, Thomas; (Arukwe, Augustine; Kortner, Trond Moxness) Effects of tributyltin on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) testicular acute steroidogenesis. 84 s.

Benestad, Lars; (Wright, Jonathan; Kazem, Anahita N.J.) Does interest from the opposite sex influence mate choice in a speedd-dating context?. 34 s.

Bertinussen, Hanna Otterholt; (Jenssen, Bjørn Munro) Effects of Hydroxylated PCBs on Thyroid Hormone levels in Mother-Cub Pairs of Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus) from Svalbard. 54 s.

Bolstad, Kjersti Hysing; (Johansen, Berit; Drabløs, Finn) Comparison of strategies for benchmarking of motif discovery methods. 77 s.

Sporsheim, Bjørnar; (Bones, Atle M.) Etablering av sele-ktiv fotobleking som metode for studier av intracellulær transport i Arabidopsis thaliana. Trondheim: 2009 101 s.

Borecha, Degitu Endale; (Røskaft, Eivin; Baudoin, Axel) Human-Elephant Conflict. A study in Babile Elephant Sanctuary, Ethiopia. 64 s.

Dovärn, Staffan; (Söderström, Lars) Scots pine radial growth responses to climate variability and change since the Little Ice Age, northern Norway. 21 s.

Elde, Anette Cecilie; (Johnsen, Geir) Pigmentation in deep-water corals from the Trondheimsfjord, Norway. 38 s.

Eriksen, Tommy; (Kjørsvik, Elin) Dietter med inklusjoner av tørkede mikroalger (Phaeodactylum tricornutum). Ef-fekter på fordøyelighet og tarmmorfologi hos Atlantisk Torsk (Gadus morhua) og Atlantisk Laks (Salmo salar). 53 s.

Fleischer, Thomas; (Zachariassen, Karl Erik; Pedersen, Sindre Andre) Molecular and evolutionary investigation of antifreeze proteins in two longhorn beetles: Rhagium inquisitor and Rhagium bifasciatum. 34 s

20 21

Grøntvedt, Trond Viggo; (Wright, Jonathan) Flexible aspi-rations in a mutual mate choice system: does courtship interest received influence partner preferences?. 51 s.

Hagenlund, Petter; (Jenssen, Bjørn Munro; Bytingsvik, Jenny). Concentration of elements in the common blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) from aquaculture sites at the Norwegian coast. 90 s.

Hansen, Fredrik; (Johansen, Berit).Effekter av Hypoksi på Metabolismen i Insulinproduserende beta-celler. 52 s.

Haugestøl, Gunn Lise; (Jenssen, Bjørn Munro). Endo-crine disruptions of sex hormones in male and female mammals: I. Effects of endocrine disruptiing chemicals on testosterone in Male polar bears (Ursus maritimus) at Svalbard. II. The possible role of estrogen receptor in apoptosis induction in T47D-ER cells. 52 s.

Hoel, Pernille Lund; (Bevanger, Kjetil; Pedersen, Hans Christian; Røskaft, Eivin; Stokke, Bård Gunnar). Do wind power developments affect the behaviour of White tailed Sea Eagles on Smøla?. Trondheim: Department of Biol-ogy, 2009 45 s.

Holand, Håkon; (Sæther, Bernt-Erik; Ringsby, Thor Harald; Jensen, Henrik). Effects of the parasitic gape-worm (Syngamus trachea) on survival in house sparrows (Passer domesticus). 45 s.

Hyldbakk, Elisabeth; (Bones, Atle M.; Kissen, Ralph). Studie av transkripsjonell og post-transkripsjonell ekspresjons-regulering av Epithiospecifier protein (ESP) i Arabidopsis thaliana. 61 s.

Jacobsen, Ingerid Christin; (Røskaft, Eivin). The endan-gered Norwegian arctic fox - behaviour, colour morphs and successful breeding. 34 s.

Nepstad, Ina; (Johnsen, Geir). Cloning and characteri-sation of interleukin-6 and interleukin-11b in Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus). 101 s.

Jørstad, Margrethe; (Bones, Atle M.; Brembu, Tore). Mo-lecular responses in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum after exposure to cadmium. 44 s.

Kleven, Synnøve; (Rosenqvist, Gunilla; Pelabon, Chris-tophe). Effect of captivity on life history traits in guppies (Poecilia reticulata). 34 s.

Kongsrud, Magnus Brunvoll; (Jenssen, Bjørn Munro). Seasonal variations in concentrations of heavy metals, metallothionein and catalase activity in tissues of black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) from Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. 41 s.

Rødseth Brede, Wenche; (Krøkje, Åse).Identifikasjon av ukjente legemidler og misbruksstoffer ved spektersøk på GCMS ved bruk av deconvolution software. 93 s.

Kvaløy, Brita; (Iversen, Tor-Henning). Forundersøkelser til MULTIGEN-2: Optimalisering av vekst og preservering for mikromatriseanalyser av Arabidopsis thaliana. 60 s.

Larsen, June; (Bech, Claus). Corticosterone, Laying Date and Clutch Size in Black-legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) in Svalbard. 29 s.

Lien, Ingvild Emberland; (Rosenqvist, Gunilla; Pelabon, Christophe; Jensen, Henrik; Borg, Åsa). Genetic differen-tiation in two populations of Trinidadian Guppy (Poecilia reticulata). Changes during a bottleneck event caused by fish tuberculosis (Mycobacterium marinum). 40 s.

Myhre, Lise Cats; (Amundsen, Trond). Female mate sam-pling in the two-spotted goby, Gobiusculus flavescens, in relation to sexual competition. 38 s.

Nesbakken, Siri; (Arukwe, Augustine). Develpoment of gene and protein biomarker responses for endocrine disruption in polar cod after crude oil exposure. 90 s.

Nilsen, Marit Østby; (Pedersen, Bård; Olsson, E. Gunilla A). Sorsamisk tamreindrifts påvirkning på vegetasjon i Børgefjell/Byrkije - et suksesjonsstudium på reintrøer. 37 s.

Nordstad, Tore; (Bech, Claus). Effects of POPs on hor-mone levels in Arctic breeding kittiwakes. 34 s.

Nysæther, Elin Marie Høyland; (Olsen, Yngvar). Selective feeding in mangrove killifish (Kryptolebias marmoratus) and red sea bream (Pagrus major) larvae: The role of light intensity and the contrast of the prey. 64 s.

Olsen, Anne-Lise; (Wright, Jonathan; Kazem, Anahita N.J.). Provisioning dynamics in the cooperative apos-tlebird Struthidea cinerea. 42 s. Olsen, Tonje Tomine Seland; (Strømme, Alex).

Flervalgsoppgaver og digitale læringsplattformer. En kvalitativ studie av forberedelse til den første delen av skriftlig eksamen i Biologi 2. 102 s.

Ottemo, Vivian Grønhaug; (Flaten, Trond Peder; Ped-ersen, Hans Christian; Steinnes, Eiliv; Jenssen, Bjørn Munro). Sporelementer i gaupe i Norge. Institutt for kjemi. 70 s.

Pettersen, Anette; (Jenssen, Bjørn Munro; Bytingsvik, Jenny). Effects of HBCD and its isomers in terrestrial birds. 76 s.

Pokharel, Bimal; (Nilssen, Kjell J.; Lein, Haakon). Liveli-hood Impact of Hydropower Development and River Di-

versions in the Downstream of River Basin. A Retrospec-tive Case Study of Khimti River, Eastern Nepal. 109 s.

Rygh Refseth, Ingun; (Johansen, Berit; Arbo, Ingerid Brænne; Rustad, Turid). Multiplex analyse av biomarkør-er relatert til kosthold i humant plasma og serum. Institutt for bioteknologi.192 s.

Skeistrand, Louise; (Bech, Claus). Thyroid Hormones and the Metabolic Depression During Food-Restriction in Japanese Quail Chicks (Coturnix coturnix japonica). 34 s.

Slyngstad, Siv Anita; (Bech, Claus). Tissue Specific Meta-bolic Responses to Food Restriction in Japanese Quail Chicks (Coturnix c. japonica). 37 s.

Støldal, Wenche Hvammen; (Johansen, Berit). Rekom-binant produksjon av cytosolisk fosfolipase A2, opti-malisering av enzymassay og testing av hemmere. 75 s.

Svarva, Helene Løvstrand; (Thun, Terje). The construc-tion of a dendro-climatological chronology from west Norway. 58 s.

Syverhuset, Anne Olga; (Pedersen, Bård). Recent chang-es in temperature and vegetation on Dovrefjell. 50 s.

Thoen, Hanne Halkinrud; (Johnsen, Geir). Pigmentation in the Arctic deep-sea amphipods Eurythenes gryllus and Anonyx sp. 35 s.

Tilahun, Mengstab; (Røskaft, Eivin). Biodiversity Con-servation and Resource Utilization: People - Wildlife Management Conflicts and its Implication on Migratory Birds (In ASLNP Great Rift Valley, Ethiopia). 72 s.

Tøndel, Bjørnar; (Olsen, Yngvar). Effekten av tilsats av alger og keramisk leire på vekstmiljø, vekst og overlev-else hos torskelarver (Gadus morhua). 36 s.

Undheim, Eivind Andreas Baste; (Mork, Jarle; Fry, Brian Grieg). Venom in Southern Ocean Octopodids (Cepha-lopoda: Octopoda). Properties, Ecological Importance and Adaptive Evolution. 49 s.

Vestues, Gro; (Wright, Jonathan). The mating system of the Svalbard reindeer. Effects of male age and antler size on harem size, behaviour during the rutting season and reproductive effort. 30 s.

Vikanes, Berit Haga; (Røskaft, Eivin). Does the personal background of the caseworkers influence natural re-source management decisions?. 42 s.

Øye, Ane-Marte; (Johnsen, Geir). Photobioreactor time-series of a simulated bloom of Emiliania huxleyi. 59 s.

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PHDTHESESFeuerherm, Astrid Jullumstrø. Elucidation of molecular mechanisms for pro-inflammatory phospholipase A2 in chronic diseases.194 s.

Ikanda, Kyabwasi Dennis. Dimensions of a human-lion conflict: the ecology of human predation and persecution of African lions Panthera leo in Tanzania. 109 s.

Kjellsen, Trygve Devold. Extreme Frost Tolerance in Boreal Conifers. 107 s.

Kvello, Pål. Neurons forming the network involved in gustatory coding and learning in the moth Heliothis virescens: Physiological and morphological characteri-sation, and integration into a standard brain atlas. 131 s.

Rocha Molina, Lester Raul. Functional responses of perennial grasses to simulated grazing and resource availability. 140 s.

Vikan, Johan Reinert. Coevolutionary interactions be-tween common cuckoos Cuculus canorus and Fringilla finches. 150 s.

Volent, Zsolt. Remote sensing of marine environment. Applied surveillance with focus on optical properties of phytoåplankton, coloured organic matter and suspended matter. 177 s.

SCIENTIFICPUBLICATIONSAhuja, Ishita; Rohloff, Jens; Bones, Atle M. Defence mechanisms of Brassicaceae: Implications for plant-insect interactions and potential for integrated pest management. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development

Andersen, Øivind; Dahle, Stine Veronica Wiborg; van Nes, Solveig; Bardal, Tora; Tooming-Klunderud, Ave; Kjørsvik, Elin; Galloway, Trine Falck. Differential spatio-temporal expression and functional diversification of the myogenic regulatory factors MyoD1 and MyoD2 in Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus). Compara-tive Biochemistry and Physiology - Part B: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; 154 (1): 93-101

Angelier, Frédéric; Moe, Børge; Blanc, C; Chastel, Ol-ivier. What factors drive prolactin and corticosterone responses to stress in a long-lived bird species (Snow petrel Pagodroma nivea)?. Physiological and Biochemi-cal Zoology; 82 (5): 590-602

Antezana, E; Kuiper, Martin; Mironov, Vladimir. Biologi-cal knowledge management: the emerging role of the Semantic Web technologies. Briefings in Bioinformatics; 10 (4): 392-407

Antezana, Erick; Blondé, Ward; Egaña, Mikel; Ruther-ford, Alistair; Stevens, Robert; De baets, Bernard;

Mironov, Vladimir; Kuiper, Martin. BioGateway: A Se-mantic Systems Biology Tool for the Life Sciences. BMC Bioinformatics; 10 (Suppl 10): S11

Antezana, Erick; Egaña, Mikel; Blondé, Ward; Illarra-mendi, Aitzol; Bilbao, Inaki; De baets, Bernard; Stevens, Robert; Mironov, Vladimir; Kuiper, Martin. The Cell Cycle Ontology: an application ontology for the representation and integrated analysis of the cell cycle process. Genome Biology; 10 (5)

Antonov, Anton Tinchov; Stokke, Bård Gunnar; Moksnes, Arne; Røskaft, Eivin. Evidence for egg discrimination preceding failed rejection attempts in a small cuckoo host. Biology Letters; 5 (2): 169-171

Ardelan, Murat Van; Steinnes, Eiliv; Lierhagen, Syverin; Linde, Svenn Ove. Effects of experimental CO2 leakage on solubility and transport of seven trace metals in sea-water and sediment. Science of the Total Environment; 407 (24): 6255-6266

Armbruster, William Scott; Hansen, TF; Pelabon, Chris-tophe; Perez-Barrales, R; Maad, Johanne. The adaptive accuracy of flowers: measurement and microevolution-ary patterns. Annals of Botany; 103 (9): 1529-1545

Armbruster, William Scott; Lee, Joongku; Baldwin, Bruce G. Macroevolutionary patterns of defense and pollination in Dalechampia vines: Adaptation, exaptation, and evolutionary novelty. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America; 106 (43): 18085-18090

Armbruster, William Scott; Muchhala, N. Associations between floral specialization and species diversity: cause, effect, or correlation?. Evolutionary Ecology; 23 (1): 159-179

Armbruster, William Scott; Pelabon, Christophe; Hans-en, Thomas; Bolstad, Geir Hysing. Macroevolutionary patterns of pollination accuracy: a comparison of three genera. New Phytologist; 183 (3): 600-617

Arukwe, Augustine; Goksøyr, Anders; Hylland, Ketil; Gabrielsen, G.W.; Jenssen, Bjørn Munro. 2nd Norwegian Environmental Toxicology Symposium: Joining forces for an integrated search for environmental solutions.. Jour-nal of Toxicology and Environmental Health; 72: 111-111

Barber, Iain; Davies, Angela J.; Ironside, Joe E.; Fors-gren, Elisabeth; Amundsen, Trond. First record of a Ka-batana sp. microsporidium infecting fish in the Atlantic Ocean. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms; 20 (2): 145-152

Basille, Mathieu; Herfindal, Ivar; Santin-Janin, Hugues; Linnell, John D. C.; Odden, John; Andersen, Reidar; Høgda, Kjell Arild; Gaillard, Jean-Michel. What shapes Eurasian lynx distribution in human dominated land-

scapes: selecting prey or avoiding people?. Ecography; 32 (4): 683-691

Beisvag, Vidar; Kemi, Ole Johan; Arbo, Ingerid Brænne; Loennechen, Jan Pål; Sandvik, Arne Kristian; Langaas, Mette; Ellingsen, Øyvind; Wisløff, Ulrik. Pathological and physiological hypertrophies are regulated by distinct gene programs. European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation; 16 (6): 690-697

Berg, Ole Kristian; Finstad, A. G.; Solem, Øyvind; Ugedal, O; Forseth, T; Niemelä, E; Arnekleiv, Jo Vegar; Lohr-mann, Anne-Louise; Næsje, T.F.. Pre-winter lipid stores in young-of-year Atlantic salmon along a north-south gradient. Journal of Fish Biology; 74 (7): 1383-1393

Berge, J; Cottier, F; Last, KS; Varpe, O; Leu, E; Soreide, J; Eiane, K; Falk-Petersen, S; Willis, K; Nygard, H; Vogedes, D; Griffiths, C; Johnsen, Geir; Lorentzen, D; Brierley, AS. Diel vertical migration of Arctic zooplankton during the polar night. Biology Letters; 5 (1): 69-72

Berglund, Anders; Rosenqvist, Gunilla. An intimidating ornament in a female pipefish. Behavioral Ecology; 20 (1): 54-59

Beyens, Louis; Ledeganck, Pieter; Graae, Bente Jes-sen; Nijs, Ivan. Are soil biota buffered against climatic extremes? An experimental test on testate amoebae in arctic tundra (Qeqertarsuaq, West Greenland). Polar Biology; 32: 453-462

Bjørkvoll, Eirin Marie; Pedersen, Bård; Hytteborn, Hå-kan; Jonsdottir, IS; Langvatn, R. Seasonal and Interan-nual Dietary Variation during Winter in Female Svalbard Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus Platyrhynchus). Arctic, Antarctic and Alpine research; 41 (1): 88-96

Bjørneraas, Kari; Solberg, Erling Johan; Herfindal, Ivar; Sæther, Bernt-Erik. Large scale spatiotemporal varia-tion in calf sex ratio in moose (Alces alces): an effect of density-dependent decrease in maternal condition?. Canadian Journal of Zoology; 87 (4): 346-355

Braathen, M; Mortensen, Anne Skjetne; Sandvik, M; Skare, JU; Arukwe, Augustine. Estrogenic Effects of Selected Hydroxy Polychlorinated Biphenyl Congeners in Primary Culture of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Hepatocytes. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology; 56 (1): 111-122

Butenko, M; Vie, Ane Kjersti; Brembu, Tore; Aalen, RB; Bones, Atle M.. Plant peptides in signalling: looking for new partners. Trends in Plant Science; 14 (5): 255-263

Buttemer, William A.; Bech, Claus; Chappell, Mark A.. Citrate synthase activity does not account for age-related differences in maximum aerobic performance in House Sparrows (Passer domesticus). Australian Zoologist; 35

Cahu, CL; Gisbert, E; Villeneuve, LAN; Morais, S; Hamza, N; Wold, Per-Arvid; Infante, JLZ. Influence of dietary phospholipids on early ontogenesis of fish. Aquaculture Research; 40 (9): 989-999

Coulson, SJ; Moe, Børge; Monson, F; Gabrielsen, Geir Wing. The invertebrate fauna of High Arctic seabird nerst: the microarthropod community inhabiting nests on Spitsbergen, Svalbard. Polar Biology; 32 (7): 1041-1046

Dall, Sasha XR; Wright, Jonathan. Rich pickings near large communal roosts favor ‘gang’ foraging by juvenile common ravens, Corvus corax.. PLoS ONE; 4 (2)

De Frenne, Pieter; Kolb, Anette; Verheyen, Kris; Brunet, Jörg; Chabrerie, Olivier; Decoqc, Guillaume; Diekmann, Martin; Eriksson, Ove; Heinken, Thilo; Hermy, Martin; Jõgar, Ülle; Stanton, Sharon; Quataert, P; Zindel, Renate; Zobel, Martin; Graae, Bente Jessen. Unravelling the effects of temperature, latitude and local environment on the reproduction of six forest herbs.. Global Ecology and Biogeography; 18: 641-651

de Jong, Karen; Wacker, Sebastian; Amundsen, Trond; Forsgren, Elisabeth. Do operational sex ratio and den-sity affect mating behaviour? An experiment on the two-spotted goby. Animal Behaviour; 78 (5): 1229-1238

Dingemanse, NJ; Van der Plas, F; Wright, Jonathan; Reale, D; Schrama, M; Roff, DA; Van der Zee, E; Bar-ber, I. Individual experience and evolutionary history of predation affect expression of heritable variation in fish personality and morphology. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences; 276 (1660): 1285-1293

Duarte, Carlos; Holmer, Marianne; Olsen, Yngvar; Soto, Doris; Marba, Nuria; Guiu, Joana; Black, Kenny; Karakassis, Ioannis. Will the Oceans Help Feed Human-ity?. BioScience; 59 (11): 967-976

Engen, Steinar; Lande, Russell; Sæther, Bernt-Erik. Fixation probability of beneficial mutations in a fluctuat-ing population. Genetical Research; 91 (1): 73-82

Engen, Steinar; Lande, Russell; Sæther, Bernt-Erik. Reproductive Value and Fluctuating Selection in an Age-Structured Population. Genetics; 183 (2): 629-637

Engen, Steinar; Lande, Russell; Sæther, Bernt-Erik; Dobson, Stephen. Reproductive Value and the Stochastic Demography of Age-Structured Populations. American Naturalist; 174 (6): 795-804

Erikstad, Kjell Einar; Sandvik, Hanno; Fauchald, Per; Tveraa, Torkild. Short- and long-term consequences of reproductive decisions: an experimental study in the puffin. Ecology; 90 (11): 3197-3208

24 25

Espmark, Yngve; Wedege, MI; Moksnes, Arne; Lier, Marie; Haugan, Tommy; Hoset, Katrine Skamfer. The effects of male mating behaviour and food provisioning on breeding success in snow buntings Plectrophenax ni-valis in the high Arctic. Polar Biology; 32 (11): 1649-1656

Evertsen, Jussi; Johnsen, Geir. In vivo and in vitro dif-ferences in chloroplast functionality in the two north Atlantic sacoglossans (Gastropoda, Opisthobranchia) Placida dendritica and Elysia viridis. Marine Biology; 156 (5): 847-859

Finstad, AG; Einum, Sigurd; Ugedal, O; Forseth, T. Spa-tial distribution of limited resources and local density regulation in juvenile Atlantic salmon. Journal of Animal Ecology; 78 (1): 226-235

Fossøy, Frode; Johnsen, A; Lifjeld, JT. Cell-mediated immunity and multi-locus heterozygosity in bluethroat nestlings. Journal of Evolutionary Biology; 22 (9): 1954-1960

Fox, C; Harris, R; Sundby, S; Achterberg, E; Allen, J.I.; Allen, J; Baker, A; Brussaard, CPD; Buckley, P; Cook, EJ; Dye, S.R.; Edwards, M; Fernand, L; Kershaw, P; Met-calfe, J; Osterhus, S; Potter, T; Sakshaug, Egil; Speirs, D.; Stenevik, E; John, M.S.; Thingstad, F.; Wilson, B.. Transregional linkages in the nort-eastern Atlantic - an ‘end-to-end’ analysis of pelagic ecosystems. Oceanog-raphy and Marine Biology: An Annual Review; 47: 1-75

Garel, Mathieu; Solberg, Erling Johan; Sæther, Bernt-Erik; Grøtan, Vidar; Tufto, Jarle; Heim, Morten. Age, size and spatio-temporal variation in ovulation patterns of a seasonal breeder, the Norwegian moose (Alces alces). American Naturalist; 173 (1): 89-104

Gauslaa, Yngvar; Palmqvist, Kristin; Solhaug, Knut Asb-jørn; Hilmo, Olga; Holien, Håkon; Nybakken, Line; Ohl-son, Mikael. Size-dependent growth of two old-growth associated machrolichens species. New Phytologist; 181 (3): 683-692

Goral, M; Szefer, P; Ciesielski, Tomasz Maciej; Warzo-cha, J. Distribution and relationships of trace metals in the isopod Saduria entomon and adjacent bottom sedi-ments in the southern Baltic. Journal of Environmental Monitoring; 11 (10): 1875-1882

Graae, Bente Jessen; Ejrnæs, Rasmus; Marchand, Fleur L; Beyens, Louis; Nijs, Ivan. The effect of an early-season short-term heat pulse on plant recruitment in the Arctic. Polar Biology; 32 (8): 1117-1126

Graae, Bente Jessen; Verheyen, Kris; Kolb, Anette; Van der Veken, Sebastian; Heinken, Thilo; Chabrerie, Olivier; Diekmann, Martin; Valtinat, Karin; Zindel, Renate; Karls-son, Elisabeth; Ström, Lotta; Decoqc, Guillaume; Hermy, Martin; Baskin, Carol C. Germination requirements and

seed mass of slow and fast colonizing forest herbs along a latitudinal gradient. Ecoscience; 16: 248-257

Griesser, Michael; Barnaby, Jonathan; Schneider, Nicole A; Figenschau, Nina; Wright, Jonathan; Griffith, Simon C.; Kazem, Anahita N.J.; Russell, AF. Influence of Win-ter Ranging Behaviour on the Social Organization of a Cooperatively Breeding Bird Species, The Apostlebird. Ethology; 115 (9): 888-896

Grøtan, Vidar; Sæther, Bernt-Erik; Engen, Steinar; Johan H., van Balen; Perdeck, Albert C.; Visser, Marcel E. Spa-tial and temporal variation in the relative contribution of density dependence, climate variation and migration to fluctuations in the size of great tit populations. Journal of Animal Ecology; 78 (2): 447-459

Grøtan, Vidar; Sæther, Bernt-Erik; Lillegård, Magnar; Solberg, EJ; Engen, Steinar. Geographical variation in the influence of density dependence and climate on the recruitment of Norwegian moose. Oecologia; 161 (4): 685-695

Haga, Henning A; Wenger, Sandra; Hvarnes, Silje; Os, Øystein; Rolandsen, Christer Moe; Solberg, Erling J.. Plasma lactate concentrations in free-ranging moose (Alces alces) immobilized with etorphine. Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia; 36 (6): 555-561

Haldsrud, Renate; Krøkje, Åse. Induction of DNA Double-Strand Breaks in the H4IIE Cell Line Exposed to Environ-mentally Relevant Concentrations of Copper, Cadmium, and Zinc, Singly and in Combinations. Journal of Toxicol-ogy and Environmental Health; 72 (3-4): 155-163

Hansen, BH; Nordtug, T; Altin, D; Booth, A; Hessen, KM; Olsen, Anders Johny. Gene Expression of GST and CYP330A1 in Lipid-Rich and Lipid-Poor Female Calanus finmarchicus (Copepoda: Crustacea) Exposed to Dis-persed Oil. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health; 72 (3-4): 131-139

Hansen, Brage Bremset; Aanes, Ronny; Herfindal, Ivar; Sæther, Bernt-Erik; Henriksen, Snorre. Winter habitat-space use in a large arctic herbivore facing contrasting forage abundance. Polar Biology; 32 (7): 971-984

Hansen, Brage Bremset; Herfindal, Ivar; Aanes, Ronny; Sæther, Bernt-Erik; Henriksen, Snorre. Functional re-sponse in habitat selection and the tradeoffs between foraging niche components in a large herbivore. Oikos; 118 (6): 859-872

Haug, Ingvild; Vegarud, G.E.; Langsrud, T.; Draget, Kurt Ingar; Skar, Hilde Margareta. Electrostatic effects on beta-lactoglobulin transitions during heat denaturation as studied by differential scanning calorimetry. Food Hydrocolloids; 23 (8): 2287-2293

Hellum, Bent Håvard; Tosse, Anita; Høybakk, Kathrine; Thomsen, Mette Willumstad; Rohloff, Jens; Nilsen, Odd Georg. Potent in vitro inhibition of CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein by Rhodiola rosea.. Planta Medica; 75: 1-8

Herfindal, Ivar; Tremblay, Jean-Pierre; Hansen, Brage Bremset; Solberg, Erling Johan; Heim, Morten; Sæther, Bernt-Erik. Scale dependency and functional response in moose habitat selection. Ecography; 32 (5): 849-859

Hilmo, Olga; Holien, Håkon; Hytteborn, Håkan; Ely-Aas-trup, Hilde. Richness of epiphytic lichens in differently aged Picea abies plantations situated in the oseanic re-gion of Central Norway. The Lichenologist; 41 (1): 97-108

Hofgaard, Annika; Dalen, Linda; Hytteborn, Håkan. Tree recruitment above the treeline and potential for climate-driven treeline change.. Journal of Vegetation Science; 20 (6): 1133-1144

Immonen, E; Hoikkala, A; Kazem, Anahita N.J.; Ritchie, MG. When are vomiting males attractive? Sexual selec-tion on condition-dependent nuptial feeding in Dros-ophila subobscura. Behavioral Ecology; 20 (2): 289-295

Jackson, CR; Setsaas, Trine Hay; Robertson, MP; Scantlebury, M; Bennett, NC. Insights into torpor and behavioural thermoregulation of the endangered Juli-ana’s golden mole. Journal of Zoology; 278 (4): 299-307

Johansen, Line. Clonal growth strategies in simulta-neously persistent and expanding Trifolium repens patches. Plant Ecology; 201 (2): 435-444

Johnsson, Anders; Solheim, Bjarte Gees Bokn; Iversen, Tor-Henning. Gravity amplifies and microgravity de-creases circumnutations in Arabidopsis thaliana stems: results from a space experiment. New Phytologist; 182 (3): 621-629

Jørgensen, Katarina; Felberg, Hanne Solvang; Berge, Rolf K.; Lægreid, Astrid; Johansen, Berit. Platelet acti-vating factor stimulates arachidonic acid release in dif-ferentiated keratinocytes via arachidonyl non-selective phospholipase A2. Archives of Dermatological Research

Karlsen, SR; Ramfjord, Hallvard; Hogda, KA; Johansen, B; Danks, FS; Brobakk, Trond Einar. A satellite-based map of onset of birch (Betula) flowering in Norway. Aerobiologia : international journal of aerobiology; 25 (1): 15-25

Kissen, Ralph; Bones, Atle M.. Nitrile-specifier proteins involved in glucosinolate hydrolysis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Journal of Biological Chemistry; 284 (18): 12057-12070

Kissen, Ralph; Pope, Tom W; Grant, Murray; Pickett, John A; Rossiter, John T; Powell, Glen. Modifying the

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Koksvik, Jan Ivar; Reinertsen, Helge; Koksvik, Jarl. Plankton development in Lake Jonsvatn, Norway, after introduction of Mysis relicta: a long-term study. Aquatic Biology; 5 (3): 293-304

Kortner, Trond Moxness; Mortensen, Anne Skjetne; Hansen, Marianne Dore; Arukwe, Augustine. Neural aromatase transcript and protein levels in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) are modulated by the ubiquitous water pollutant, 4-nonylphenol. General and Compara-tive Endocrinology; 164 (1): 91-99

Kortner, Trond Moxness; Rocha, E; Arukwe, Augustine. Androgenic Modulation of Early Growth of Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua L.) Previtellogenic Oocytes and Zona Radiata-Related Genes. Journal of Toxicology and En-vironmental Health; 72 (3-4): 184-195

Kortner, Trond Moxness; Rocha, E; Arukwe, Augus-tine. Previtellogenic oocyte growth and transcriptional changes of steroidogenic enzyme genes in immature female Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) after exposure to the androgens 11-ketotestosterone and testosterone. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A; 152 (3): 304-313

Kortner, Trond Moxness; Vang, Siv-Hege; Arukwe, Au-gustine. Modulation of salmon ovarian steroidogenesis and growth factor responses by the xenoestrogen, 4-nonylphenol. Chemosphere; 77 (7): 989-998

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Kristiansen, Erlend; Li, NG; Averensky, AI; Laugsand, Arne Endre; Zachariassen, Karl Erik. The Siberian tim-berman Acanthocinus aedilis: a freeze-tolerant beetle with low supercooling points. Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmen-tal Physiology; 179 (5): 563-568

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Lankinen, Åsa; Maad, Johanne; Armbruster, William Scott. Pollen-tube growth rates in Collinsia heterophylla (Plantaginaceae): one-donor crosses reveal heritability but no effect on sporophytic-offspring fitness. Annals of Botany; 103 (6): 941-950

Larsen, Ragnvald; Holmern, Tomas; Prager, SD; Maliti, H; Røskaft, Eivin. Using the extended quarter degree grid cell system to unify mapping and sharing of biodiversity data. African Journal of Ecology; 47 (3): 382-392

Lindstrom, KM; Dolnik, Olga; Yabsley, Michael; Hellgren, Olof; O’Connor, Barry; Parn, Henrik; Foufopoulos, Jo-hannes. Feather Mites and Internal Parasites in Small Ground Finches (Geospiza fuliginosa, Emberizidae) From the Galapagos Islands (Equador). Journal of Parasitol-ogy; 95 (1): 39-45

Lundemo, Sverre; Falahati-Anbaran, Mohsen; Stenøien, Hans K.. Seed banks cause elevated generation times and effective population sizes of Arabidopsis thaliana in northern Europe. Molecular Ecology; 18 (13): 2798-2811

Lykkja, Odd; Solberg, Erling Johan; Herfindal, Ivar; Wright, Jonathan; Rolandsen, Christer Moe; Hanssen, Martin Georg. The effects of human activity on summer habitat use by moose. Alces; 45: 109-124

Magige, Flora J.; Stokke, Bård Gunnar; Sortland, Ragna Kristine; Røskaft, Eivin. Breeding biology of ostriches (Struthio camelus) in the Serengeti ecosystem, Tanzania. African Journal of Ecology; 47 (3): 400-408

Magige, Flora John; Holmern, Tomas; Stokke, Sigbjørn; Mlingwa, Charles; Røskaft, Eivin. Does illegal hunting affect density and behaviour of African grassland birds? A case study on ostrich (Struthio camelus). Biodiversity and Conservation; 18 (5): 1361-1373

Malnoë, Pia; Carron, C.-A.; Rohloff, Jens; Vouillamoz, J. F.. L’Orpin rose (Rhodiola rosea L.), une plante des Alpes aux vertus anti-stress (Golden root (Rhodiola rosea L.), an anti-stress plant from the Alps). Revue Suisse d’Agriculture; 41 (5): 281-286

Martinussen, Inger; Rohloff, Jens; Uleberg, Eivind; Junttila, Olavi; Hohtola, Anja; Jaakola, Laura; Häggman, Hely. Climatic effects on the production and quality of bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus). Latvian Journal of Agronomy; 12 : 71-74

Marvelde, LT; McDonald, PG; Kazem, Anahita N.J.; Wright, Jonathan. Do helpers really help? Provisioning biomass and prey type effects on nestling growth in the cooperative bell miner. Animal Behaviour; 77 (3): 727-735

McDonald, PG; Kazem, Anahita N.J.; Wright, Jonathan. Cooperative provisioning dynamics: fathers and unre-lated helpers show similar responses to manipulations of begging. Animal Behaviour; 77 (2): 369-376

Melis, Claudia; Jdrzejewska, Bogumila; Apollonio, Marco; Barto, Kamil; J drzejewski, Wlodek; Linnell, John D. C.; Kojola, Ilpo; Kusak, J.; Adamic, Miha; Ciuti, Simone; Delehan, I.; Dykyy, I.; Krapinec, K.; Mattioli, L.; Sagaydak, A.; Samchuk, N.; Schmidt, K.; Shkvyrya, M.; Sidorovich, V. E.; Zawadzka, B.; Zhyla, S.. Predation has a greater impact in less productive environments: varia-tion in roe deer Capreolus capreolus population density across Europe.. Global Ecology and Biogeography; 18 (6): 724-734

Michelsen, Ottar; Holten, Jarle Inge; Syverhuset, Anne Olga. Kartlegging av fjellflora for å studere effekter av klimaendringer – foreløpige resultater fra en under-søkelse på Dovrefjell / An analysis of alpine flora to in-vestigate effects of climate change – preliminary results from a study on Dovre mountain region. Blyttia : Norsk botanisk forenings tidsskrift; 67 (1): 50-57

Milbau, Ann; Graae, Bente Jessen; Shevtsova, Anna; Nijs, Ivan. Effects of a warmer climate on seed germination in subarctic tundra. Annals of Botany; 104: 287-296

Milbau, Ann; Stout, Jane C; Graae, Bente Jessen; Nijs, Ivan. A hierarchical framework for integrating invasibility experiments incorporating different factors and spatial scales. Biological Invasions; 11: 941-950

Miljeteig, Cecilie; Strom, H; Gavrilo, MV; Volkov, A; Jenssen, Bjørn Munro; Gabrielsen, GW. High Levels of Contaminants in Ivory Gull Pagophila eburnea Eggs from the Russian and Norwegian Arctic. Environmental Science and Technology; 43 (14): 5521-5528

Mobley, Kenyon; Amundsen, Trond; Forsgren, Elisabeth; Svensson, Andreas; Jones, Adam G.. Multiple mating

and a low incidence of cuckoldry for nest-holding males in the two-spotted goby, Gobiusculus flavescens. BMC Evolutionary Biology; 9

Moe, Børge; Rønning, Bernt; Verhulst, Simon; Bech, Claus. Metabolic ageing in individual zebra finches. Biology Letters; 5 (1): 86-89

Moe, Børge; Stempniewicz, Lech; Jakubas, Dariusz; Angelier, Frédéric; Chastel, Olivier; Frode, Dinessen; Gabrielsen, Geir Wing; Hanssen, Frank; Karnovsky, Nina J.; Rønning, Bernt; Welcker, Jorg; Wojczulanis-Jakubas, Katarzyna; Bech, Claus. Climate change and phenological responses of two seabird species breed-ing in the high-Arctic. Marine Ecology Progress Series; 393: 235-246

Moe, SR; Rutina, LP; Hytteborn, Håkan; du Toit, JT. What controls woodland regeneration after elephants have killed the big trees?. Journal of Applied Ecology; 46 (1): 223-230

Moe, Torunn; Solberg, Erling Johan; Herfindal, Ivar; Sæther, Bernt-Erik; Bjørneraas, Kari; Heim, Morten. Sex ratio variation in harvested moose (Alces alces) calves: does it reflect population calf sex ratio or selec-tive hunting?. European Journal of Wildlife Research; 55 (3): 217-226

Mortensen, Anne Skjetne; Arukwe, Augustine. Effects of Tributyltin (TBT) on In Vitro Hormonal and Biotrans-formation Responses in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar). Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health; 72 (3-4): 209-218

Naouar, Naira; Vandepoele, Klaas; Lammens, Tim; Casneuf, Tineke; Zeller, Georg; Van Hummelen, Paul; Weigel, Detlef; Ratsch, Gunnar; Inze, Dirk; Kuiper, Mar-tin; De Veylder, Lieven; Vuylsteke, Marnik. Quantitative RNA expression analysis with Affymetrix Tiling 1.0R ar-rays identifies new E2F target genes. The Plant Journal; 57 (1): 184-194

Nyahongo, Julius William; Holmern, Tomas; Kaltenborn, BP; Røskaft, Eivin. Spatial and temporal variation in meat and fish consumption among people in the west-ern Serengeti, Tanzania: the importance of migratory herbivores. Oryx; 43 (2): 258-266

Nymark, Marianne; Valle, Kristin Collier; Brembu, Tore; Winge, Per; Hancke, Kasper; Andresen, Kjersti; Johnsen, Geir; Bones, Atle M.. An integrated analysis of molecular acclimation to high light in the marine diatom Phaeo-dactylum tricornutum. PLoS ONE; 4 (11)

Parn, Henrik; Jensen, Henrik; Ringsby, Thor Harald; Sæther, Bernt-Erik. Sex-specific fitness correlates of dispersal in a house sparrow metapopulation. Journal of Animal Ecology; 78 (6): 1216-1225

Ringsby, Thor Harald; Berge, Torborg; Sæther, Bernt-Erik; Jensen, Henrik. Reproductive success and indi-vidual variation in feeding frequency of House Sparrows (Passer domesticus). Journal of Ornithology = Journal fur Ornithologie; 150: 469-481

Rohloff, Jens; Kopka, Joachim; Erban, Alexander; Bones, Atle M.; Winge, Per; Sparstad, Torfinn; Jørstad, Tommy Stokmo; Wilson, Robert C.; Randall, Stephen K,; Davik, Jahn; Alsheikh, Muath. Metabolic, transcriptional, and proteomic profiling of cold response in Fragaria vesca. Acta Horticulturae; 842: 785-788

Rohloff, Jens; Nestby, Rolf; Nes, Arnfinn; Martinussen, Inger. Volatile profiles of European blueberry: Few major players, but complex aroma patterns. Latvian Journal of Agronomy; 12: 98-103

Routti, Heli; van Bavel, Bert; Letcher, Robert; Arukwe, Augustine; Chu, Shaogang; Gabrielsen, Geir W.. Con-centrations, patterns and metabolites of organochlorine pesticides in relation to xenobiotic phase I and II enzyme activities in ringed seals (Phoca hispida) from Svalbard and the Baltic Sea. Environmental Pollution; 157 (8-9): 2428-2434

Rønning, Bernt; Mortensen, Anne Skjetne; Moe, Børge; Chastel, Olivier; Arukwe, Augustine; Bech, Claus. Food restriction in young Japanese quails: effects of growth, metabolism, plasma thyroid hormones and mRNA spe-cies in the thyroid hormone signalling pathway. Journal of Experimental Biology; 212(19): 3060-3067

Sakshaug, Egil; Johnsen, Geir; Kovacs, Kit. Ecosystem Barents Sea. Tapir Akademisk Forlag (ISBN 978-82-519-2461-0) 587 s.

Salaberria, I; Hansen, Bjørn Henrik; Asensio, V; Olsvik, PA; Andersen, Rolf Arvid; Jenssen, Bjørn Munro. Ef-fects of atrazine on hepatic metabolism and endocrine homeostasis in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology; 234 (1): 98-106

Sandvik, Hanno. Anthropocentricisms in cladograms. Biology & Philosophy; 24 (4): 425-440

Schulze-Hagen, Karl; Stokke, Bård Gunnar; Birkhead, Tim R.. Reproductive biology of the European cuckoo Cuculus canorus: early insights, persistent errors and the acquisition of knowledge. Journal of Ornithology = Journal fur Ornithologie; 150: 1-16

Séneca, Ana; Söderström, Lars. Sphagnophyta of Europe and Macaronesia: a checklist with distribution data. Journal of Bryology; 31: 243-254

Shevtsova, Anna; Graae, Bente Jessen; Jochum, Till; Milbau, Ann; Kockelberg, Fred; Beyens, Louis; Nijs, Ivan. Critical periods for impact of climate-warming on

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Volent, Zsolt; Johnsen, Geir; Sigernes, Fred. Microscopic hyperspectral imaging used as a bio-optical taxonomic tool for micro- and macroalgae. Applied Optics; 48 (21): 4170-4176

Wabnik, K; Hvidsten, TR; Kedzierska, A; Van Leene, J; De Jaeger, G; Beemster, GTS; Komorowski, J; Kuiper, Martin. Gene expression trends and protein features effectively complement each other in gene function prediction. Bioinformatics; 25 (3): 322-330

Wehn, Sølvi. A map-based method for exploring re-sponses to different levels of grazing pressure at the landscape scale. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environ-ment; 129 (1-3): 177-181

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Skjærvø, Gine; Stokke, Bård Gunnar; Røskaft, Eivin. The rarity of twins: A result of an evolutionary battle between mothers and daughters - or do they agree?. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology; 63 (8): 1133-1140

Solheim, Bjarte Gees Bokn; Johnsson, Anders; Iversen, Tor-Henning. Ultradian rhythms in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves in microgravity. New Phytologist; 183 (4): 1043-1052

Sonne, C; Wolkers, H; Leifsson, PS; Iburg, T; Jenssen, Bjørn Munro; Fuglei, E; Ahlstrøm, Ø.; Dietz, R; Kirkeg-aard, M; Muir, DCG; Jorgensen, EH. Chronic dietary ex-posure to environmental organochlorine contaminants induces thyroid gland lesions in Arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus). Environmental Research; 109 (6): 702-711

Sonne, C; Wolkers, H; Riget, FF; Jensen, JEB; Teilmann, J; Jenssen, Bjørn Munro; Fuglei, E; Ahlstrom, O; Dietz, R; Muir, DCG; Jorgensen, EH. Mineral density and bio-mechanical properties of bone tissue from male Arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus) exposed to organochlorine con-taminants and emaciation. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology; 149 (1): 97-103

Stangeland, B; Rosenhave, EM; Winge, Per; Berg, A; Amundsen, SS; Karabeg, M; Mandal, A; Bones, Atle M.; Grini, P; Aalen, RB. AtMBD8 is involved in control of flowering time in the C24 ecotype of Arabidopsis thali-ana.. Physiologia Plantarum : An International Journal for Plant Biology; 136 (1): 110-126

Sundt-Hansen, L; Neregård, Lena; Einum, Sigurd; Höjesjö, Johan; Björnsson, Björn T; Hindar, Kjetil; Øk-land, Finn; Johnsson, Jörgen I. Growth enhanced brown trout show increased movement activity in the wild. Functional Ecology; 23 (3): 551-558

Svensson, Andreas; Blount, Jonathan D.; Forsgren, Elisabeth; Amundsen, Trond. Female ornamentation and egg carotenoids of six sympatric gobies. Journal of Fish Biology; 75: 2777-2787

Svensson, Andreas; Pelabon, Christophe; Blount, Jona-than D.; Forsgren, Elisabeth; Bjerkeng, Bjørn; Amund-sen, Trond. Temporal variability in a multicomponent trait: nuptial coloration of female two-spotted gobies. Behavioral Ecology; 20 (2): 346-353

Sæther, Bernt-Erik; Engen, Steinar; Solberg, EJ. Ef-fective size of harvested ungulate populations. Animal Conservation; 12 (5): 488-495

Sæther, Bernt-Erik; Grøtan, Vidar; Engen, Steinar; No-ble, DG; Freckleton, RP. Critical parameters for predict-

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Sørmo, Eugen Gravningen; Jenssen, Bjørn Munro; Lie, Elisabeth; Skaare, Janneche Utne. Brominated flame retardants in aquatic organisms from the North Sea in comparison with biota from the high Arctic marine environment. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry; 28 (10): 2082-2090

Sørmo, Eugen Gravningen; Larsen, HJS; Johansen, GM; Skaare, JU; Jenssen, Bjørn Munro. Immunotoxicity of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB) in Free-Ranging Gray Seal Pups with Special Emphasis on Dioxin-Like Conge-ners. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health; 72 (3-4): 266-276

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Van de Pol, Martijn; Ens, Bruno J; Oosterbeek, Kees; Brouwer, Lyanne; Verhulst, Simon; Tinbergen, Joost M; Rutten, Anne L; de Jong, Martin. Oystercatchers’ bill shapes as a proxy for diet specialization: more dif-ferentiation than meets the eye. Ardea; 97 (3): 335-346

Van de Pol, Martijn; Wright, Jonathan. A simple method for distinguishing within- versus between-subject effects usung mixed models. Animal Behaviour; 77 (3): 753-758

Videm, Vibeke; Olsen, Guro Dalheim. No relationship between neutrophil granulocyte activation and the myeloperoxidase -129 G>A and -463 G>A promoter polymorphisms - implications for investigations of cardiovascular disease.. Coronary Artery Disease; 20 (7): 446-452

Vikan, Johan Reinert; Stokke, Bård Gunnar; Fossøy, Frode; Jackson, Craig Ryan; Huhta, Esa; Rutila, Jarkko; Moksnes, Arne; Røskaft, Eivin. Fixed rejection responses to single and multiple experimental parasitism in two Fringilla hosts of the common cuckoo. Ethology; 115 (9): 840-850

Sigurd Einum (left) on field work in Scotland.

Wold, Per-Arvid; Hoehne-Reitan, Katja; Cahu, CL; Infante, JZ; Rainuzzo, J; Kjørsvik, Elin. Comparison of dietary phospholipids and neutral lipids: effects on gut, liver and pancreas histology in Atlantic cod (Gadus morha L.) larvae. Aquaculture Nutrition; 15 (1): 73-84

Yeates, SE; Einum, Sigurd; Fleming, IA; Megens, HJ; Stet, RJM; Hindar, K; Holt, WV; Van Look, KJW; Gage, MJG. Atlantic salmon eggs favour sperm in competition that have similar major histocompatibility alleles. Proceed-ings of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences; 276 (1656): 559-566

Zachariassen, Karl Erik; Flaten, Trond Peder. Is fluoride-induced hyperthyroidism a cause of psychosis among East African immigrants to Scandinavia? Medical Hy-potheses; 72 (5): 501-503

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