Deoxyribonucleic Acid

DNAI. General Information

A. Nucleic acid = acid found in nucleusB. F(x)s

1. Carries & transmitsgenetic code

2. Codes for proteins which determine traits

E.g. blue eyes, red hair

DNA F(x)s (cont.)3. Gene = section of DNA that

codes for a protein

4. Proteins perform almost all of the essential life functions

of cells & organisms

5. DNA codes for what an organism can do and be

C. History of DNA Research1. Chargaff’s Rule (1949)

# of Adenines (A) = # of Thymines (T)

# of Guanines (G) =# of Cytosines (C)

C. History of DNA Research

2. 1952 Rosalind Franklin & Maurice Wilkins X-ray pattern of DNA

C. History of DNA Research3. 1953 Watson & Crick reveal

3-D model of DNA molecule

C. History of DNA Research(1958- Franklin dies)

4. 1962 Watson & Crick (& Wilkins)awarded Nobel Prize for 3-D model of DNA

??’’s 1s 1--99

D. DNA Structure

1. Shape =

double helix(2 strands)a.k.a.a coiled ladder

D. DNA Structure2. Building block = nucleotide3. Nucleotide =

PhosphateSugar (deoxyribose)Nitrogenous Base

(A, T, C, or G)

nucleotide

D. DNA Structure

4. Complementary base pairing

N-bases always pair with same partner

Adenine with Thymine

Cytosine with Guanine

??’’s 10s 10--1414

D. DNA Structure

If we know what one strand of DNA molecule is, we know the other

What is the other side if one side is CATTAGCAT ?

GTAATCGTA

D. DNA Structure

5. Order of bases is the genetic code

3D DNA Model Animation• http://www.ebi.ac.uk/2can/biology/molecules_dna.html

??’’s 15s 15--1717

http://www.ebi.ac.uk/2can/biology/molecules_dna.html

Slide Number 1DNADNA F(x)s (cont.)C. History of DNA ResearchC. History of DNA ResearchC. History of DNA ResearchC. History of DNA ResearchD. DNA StructureD. DNA StructureD. DNA StructureD. DNA StructureD. DNA Structure3D DNA Model Animation