dell ftos 03a physical interface configuration
DESCRIPTION
FtosTRANSCRIPT
Interface Configuration
Module 3A - Physical Interface
3A-2
Objectives • Identify Interface Types
• Define Physical Interfaces
• L2 ports
• L3ports
• Management
• Define Logical Interfaces
• Loopback
• Null
• Port-Channel
• VLANs
• Utilize show interface commands
• Familiarize with the Management Route Table
• Discuss Loopback Interfaces
3A-3
Interface Types
Interface Type Modes
Possible Default Mode
Require Creation
Default State
Physical 1-Gigabit Ethernet, 10-Gigabit Ethernet
interfaces, and SONET interfaces L2, L3 Unset No
Shutdown (disabled)
Management Located on the RPM and provides
management access N/A N/A No
Shutdown (disabled)
Loopback Virtual interface in which the software
emulates a physical interface L3 L3 Yes
No Shutdown (enabled)
Null Virtual interface that is always up, but no
traffic flows on this interface N/A N/A No Enabled
Port Channel Virtual interface that provides redundancy
by allowing the aggregation of up to 16 physical interfaces
L2, L3 Unset Yes Shutdown (disabled)
VLAN Logical interfaces to separate broadcast
domains L2, L3 L2
Yes (except Default)
Shutdown (L2 Forwarding enabled L3 Forwarding disabled)
3A-4
Interface Configuration Mode
• To configure a specific interface, enter the interface sub-mode: – Force10(conf)# interface {interface} slot/port where the interface is:
• fastethernet • gigabitethernet • tengigabitethernet • fortygigabitethernet • interface-group • loopback • managementethernet • null • port-channel • sonet • vlan • range
EXEC
EXEC (Privileged)
CONFIGURATION
Interface
FastEthernet
GigabitEthernet
TenGigabitEthernet
ManagementEthernet
Loopback
VLAN
…(others not listed)
Protocol <L2 Protocol>
FVRP
Spanning-Tree
Router <L3 Protocol>
RIP
OSPF
BGP
ISIS
…(others not listed)
3A-5
Physical Interfaces
• Refers to physical ports that are on Line Cards
• Configured through Interface sub-mode – In this mode, any commands entered will be applied to only the interface(s)
listed at the prompt
Interface Type Modes
Possible Default Mode
Require Creation
Default State
Physical 1-Gigabit Ethernet, 10-Gigabit
Ethernet interfaces, and SONET interfaces
L2, L3 Unset No Shutdown (disabled)
3A-6
Force10(conf-if-gi-5/1)#show config
!
interface GigabitEthernet 5/1
ip address 10.1.1.1 /24
no shutdown
Force10(conf-if-gi-5/1)#
Force10(conf-if-gi-5/1)# no ip address
Force10(conf-if-gi-5/1)# switchport
Force10(conf-if-gi-5/1)# show config
!
interface GigabitEthernet 5/1
no ip address
switchport
no shutdown
Force10(conf-if-gi-5/1)#
Configuring An Interface for Layer 2 Mode
A.Use show config to view interface configuration
B.Ensure that the interface’s configuration does not contain an IP address 1.Enter no ip address to
remove IP address
C.Enter the switchport command to change to L2 Mode
D.“switchport” in show conf display denotes the interface is in L2 mode
A
B1
C
D
3A-7
Force10# show int gi 5/1
GigabitEthernet 5/1 is up, line protocol is down
Hardware is Force10Eth, address is 00:01:e8:0b:5e:0d
Internet address is 10.1.1.1/24
MTU 1554 bytes, IP MTU 1500 bytes
LineSpeed auto, Mode full duplex
ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00
Last clearing of "show interface" counters 00:41:11
Queueing strategy: fifo
0 packets input, 0 bytes
Input 0 Vlans
0 64-byte pkts, 0 over 64-byte pkts, 0 over 127-
byte pkts
0 over 255-byte pkts, 0 over 511-byte pkts, 0
over 1023-byte pkts
Received 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
0 CRC, 0 overrun, 0 discarded
4 packets output, 256 bytes, 0 underruns
Output 0 Multicasts, 4 Broadcasts, 0 Unicasts
0 Vlans, 0 throttles, 0 discarded
Rate info (interval 299 seconds):
Input 00.00 Mbits/sec, 0 packets/sec,
0.00% of line-rate
Output 00.00 Mbits/sec, 0 packets/sec,
0.00% of line-rate
Time since last interface status change: 00:40:38
Force10#
Viewing Interface Information
Force10# show interface
gi 5/1
– GigabitEthernet 5/1 is up, line protocol is down
– Interface up/down status – The interface has been
enabled administratively, but there is no data path through the MAC.
3A-8
Configuring An Interface for Layer 3 Mode
• Configuring IP Addresses puts the interface in Layer 3 mode
Force10(conf-if-gi-x/y)#ip address <ip-address> /<mask>
– IP address must be in dotted decimal format
– Mask value must be in /prefix-length format (/24)
• Remember to type no shutdown to enable the interface
Force10(conf-if-gi-5/1)#show conf
!
interface GigabitEthernet 5/1
ip address 10.1.1.1/24
no shutdown
Force10(conf-if-gi-5/1)#
3A-9
• Use the interface range command to configure multiple ports simultaneously Force10(conf)# interface range {interface} slot/{port {–|,}
port}
– Use a hyphen (-) to specify contiguous ports – Use a comma (,) to specify non-contiguous ports
Force10(conf)#
Force10(conf)# interface range gig 5/1 – 5 (ports in sequence) Force10(conf-if-range-gi-5/1-5)# exit
Force10(conf)#
Force10(conf)# interface range gig 5/1 , gig 5/3 , gig 5/20 (non-contiguous) Force10(conf-if-range-gi-5/1,gi-5/3,gi-5/20)#exit
Force10(conf)#
Simultaneously Configuring More Than One Interface
NOTE: Correct syntax needs spaces before and after the comma or hyphen.
3A-10
• If an interface range definition will be used many times, a macro can be defined to represent the interface range – Force10(conf)# define interface-range {name}
GigabitEthernet slot/{port {–|,} port}
• To apply the macro, use the same command as the interface range, but specify a macro instead – Force10(conf)# interface range macro {name}
Force10(conf)#
Force10(conf)#define interface-range DMZ_ports gig 5/1 – 5
Force10(conf)#int range macro DMZ_ports
Force10(conf-if-range-gi-5/1-5)#exit
Force10(conf)#exit
Force10#show running-config | grep range
define interface-range DMZ_ports gigabitethernet 5/1 - 5
Force10#
Interface Range Macro
3A-11
Other Show Interface Commands
Force10# show ip interfaces brief configured
– shows a list of interfaces that are not in default state
Force10# show interfaces linecard <#>
– shows all interfaces on a given linecard
Force10# show interfaces switchport
– shows 802.1QTagged status and VLAN membership
Force10# show interfaces vlan <vlan-id>
– similar to show interface, but per VLAN
Force10# show ip interfaces brief
– shows ip configurations in one-line table
Force10# clear counters interface <slot/port>
– clears show interface counters, doesn’t clear SNMP counters
3A-12
Out of Band Management Interface
• “Management 0/0” on RPM0
• “Management 1/0” on RPM1
• Physically located on all RPMs and newer S-Series (55/60/4810)
– E-Series 10/100 BaseT
– Z/S/C-Series 10/100/1000 BaseT
• IP Address overlap not permitted
• Configured like physical interfaces with some limitations
– Cannot configure a gateway address or an IP address that appears in the main routing table
• Separate Routing Table
RPMs
0 & 1
3A-13
Management Interface Route Table (RIB)
• If there is a management route configured for the source network (or host)… – Any traffic received on Ma0/0 will only route back through this same
interface
– The main routing table is not referenced but has implications for any static routes created for the management interface
• Use the management route command – (instead of the ip route command)
• More specific routes must exist in the management route table (show ip management-route) to make these static routing entries "active“
– Any same or less specific routes in the main route table (show ip route) will make the management RIB entries state "inactive“
This is demonstrated on the next slide with the default routes
3A-14
Force10(conf)#do sh run int ma0/0 ! interface ManagementEthernet 0/0 ip address 172.16.1.181/24 no shutdown
Force10(conf)#management route 10.11.4.0/24 172.16.1.250
Force10(conf)#do sh ip management-route all
Force10#sh ip management-route all Destination Gateway State ----------- ------- ----- 10.11.4.0/24 172.16.1.250 Active 172.16.1.0/24 ManagementEthernet 0/0 Connected 0.0.0.0/0 172.16.1.250 Inactive
Force10#sh ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP B - BGP, IN - internal BGP, EX - external BGP, LO - Locally Originated O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1 N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2, E1 - OSPF external type 1 E2 - OSPF external type 2, i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1 L2 - IS-IS level-2, IA - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default - non-active route + - summary route
Gateway of last resort is 1.2.3.4 to network 0.0.0.0
Destination Gateway Dist/Metric Last Change ----------- ------- ----------- ----------- *S 0.0.0.0/0 via 1.2.3.4, Po 1 1/0 00:00:06 C 10.0.0.0/24 Direct, Gi 0/0 0/0 1d19h C 34.94.168.0/21 Direct, Vl 12 0/0 2d17h C 92.68.251.0/24 Direct, Gi 0/10 0/0 2d17h
Management Route Table Example
A. A host with an IP address (10.11.4.18) can telnet to the Ma0/0 interface (172.16.1.181)
B. …because a management route to the 10.11.4.0/24 subnet was configured
C. …using the default gateway, 172.16.1.250, of the management network
D. The configured default management route 0.0.0.0/0 via 172.16.1.250 is inactive
E. …because it exists in the main system route table
B
C
D
E
A
3A-15
A
B
C
A. Configure the IP address for the Management Ethernet interface(s)
B. Enable the interface using the command “no shutdown”
C. Configure static routes to networks that will have management hosts
D. Verify static management routes are active using the command “show ip management-route all”
Steps to Configure a Management Interface
R2(conf)#interface managementethernet 0/0
R2(conf-if-ma-0/0)#ip add 10.11.80.201/24
R2(conf-if-ma-0/0)#no shutdown
R2(conf-if-ma-0/0)#show config
!
interface ManagementEthernet 0/0
ip address 10.11.80.201/24
no shutdown
R2(conf-if-ma-0/0)#
R2(conf)#management route 145.8.10.0/24 10.11.80.254
R2(conf)#management route 10.12.200.0/24
10.11.80.254
R2(conf)#do show ip management-route all
Destination Gateway State
----------- ------- -----
10.11.80.0/24 ManagementEthernet 0/0 Connected
10.12.200.0/24 10.11.80.254 Active
34.0.0.0/8 10.11.80.254 Inactive
145.8.10.0/24 10.11.80.254 Active
D
3A-16
• Virtual interface in which the software emulates an interface – Many of the same L3 commands as the physical interfaces
• Create Loopback interface: Force10(conf)# interface loopback number
Force10(conf)#int loop 0
Force10(conf-if-lo-0)#ip address 1.1.1.1/32
Force10(conf-if-lo-0)#show conf
!
interface Loopback 0
ip address 1.1.1.1/32
no shutdown
Force10(conf-if-lo-0)#
Loopback Interfaces
3A-17
• Virtual interface created by FTOS software
• “Blackhole” unwanted traffic instead of using Access Lists
• Only one Null interface
• Null interface always up, but no traffic flows on this interface
• Only configurable command
Force10(conf-if-nu-0)# ip unreachable
– Enables ICMP unreachable messages
Null 0 Interface Force10(conf)# interface null 0
Force10(conf-if-nu-0)#ip unreachables
Force10(conf-if-nu-0)#show conf
!
interface null 0
ip unreachables
Force10# show int null 0
NULL 0 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is unknown.
Interface index is 1107705856
LineSpeed auto
ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00
Last clearing of "show interface" counters 6d4h24m
Queueing strategy: fifo
Input Statistics:
0 packets, 0 bytes
0 IP Packets, 0 Vlans, 0 MPLS
0 64-byte pkts, 0 over 64-byte pkts, 0 over 127-byte pkts
0 over 255-byte pkts, 0 over 511-byte pkts, 0 over 1023-
byte pkts
0 Multicasts, 0 Broadcasts
0 symbol errors, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
0 CRC, 0 IP Checksum, 0 overrun, 0 discarded
Output Statistics:
0 packets, 0 bytes, 0 underruns
0 64-byte pkts, 0 over 64-byte pkts, 0 over 127-byte pkts
0 over 255-byte pkts, 0 over 511-byte pkts, 0 over 1023-
byte pkts
0 Multicasts, 0 Broadcasts, 0 Unicasts
0 IP Packets, 0 Vlans, 0 MPLS
0 throttles, 0 discarded
Time since last interface status change: 6d4h24m
3A-18
Summary In this module we covered:
• Interface Types
• Physical Interfaces
• L2 ports
• L3ports
• Management
• Logical Interfaces
• Loopback
• Null
• Port-Channel
• VLANs
• show interface commands
• Management Route Table
• Loopback Interfaces