defence against the oldest and deadliest enemy

Slide 1

Captain, Dimos Derventlis

RESPONSE TO EMERGENCY SITUATIONS AT SEA

1

CREW ORGANIZATION IN RESPONSE TO EMERGENCY SITUATIONS (threaten loss of life at sea, loss of property and/or threaten the environment)


1. BRIDGE COMMAND TEAM


BRIDGE COMMAND

Practical

Implementation of the Ships Fire Plan and Incident Log

Emergency instruction communication

Distress communication and log

Correct use of GMDSS equipment

Theoretical:

Maintaining proper protocols

Awareness and usage of emergency procedures to include fixed installation systems (CO2) and Abandon Ship procedures

3rd MATE

MASTER

A/B

2. EMERGENCY TEAM (Fire Fighters)


EMERGENCY TEAM (Fire Fighters)

Practical:

Dress procedure for fire suits and breathing apparatus

Gas tight checks

Taking cylinder pressure readings

Hose handling procedures

Door entry procedures

Snatch rescue methods

Implementation of casualty rescue

Use of graphic illustration control at the scene of the fire (BA board)

Presentations:

Backdrafts

Flashovers

Rollovers

Ship Fires

Ch. Mate

Emergency team leader

Fire Fighters

Assistant & Substitute Fire Fighters

3. SUPPORT TEAM


SUPPORT TEAM

Theoretical:

Explanation of the role and duties of the team.

Providing hose and equipment for the Emergency Team as required.

Possible locations for boundary cooling jets.

Closing ventilation, dampers, doors, skylight and windows.

Practical:

Hose handling and training using charged water directed into the sea.

The use of verbal and hand signals for hose operations.

Hydrant location and operation.

2nd Mate

Support team leader

The remaining crew without specific duties.

4. ENGINE ROOM SUPPORT TEAM.


ENGINE ROOM SUPPORT TEAM

Practical:

Correct operational procedures, including fire pump, emergency fire pump, fuel oil valves, power isolation, dampers, ventilation, skylights etc..

Theoretical:

Develop contingency plans to combat a changing emergency environment to include but no limited to fixed installations and ships stability with water drenching/flooding.

Chief Engineer

Engine room support team leader

Electrician

2nd Engineer

5. FIRST AID TEAM


FIRST AID TEAM

Practical:

Equipment required to set up a Casualty Handling/First-Aid Station.

Mouth to mouth resuscitation.

Recovery position

CPR

Proper operation of resuscitator equipment.

Demonstration:

Assessing if a casualty is alive or dead.

ABC (Airway, Breathing and Circulations.

Cook

First Aid team leader

Messmen (2)

Prevent Fire, Detect Fire and Fight Fire

1.Fire:

Controlled fire is used in our day to day lives for useful purposes. Only uncontrolled fire is dangerous which can cause damage to ships crew and ship. A combination of three elements (air, fuel and heat) causes fire to take place.


This can be easily understood by looking at the Fire Triangle:

If any one of the element is isolated, then fire cannot take place. Fire is classified depending on the fuel that causes fire.


2.Fire Prevention:

If total awareness is created to all personnel on Fire Prevention, then there is no need for Fire

Detection, Fire Fighting etc.,

Remember the old saying Prevention is better than Cure



Prevention of Class A(General) Fire is by:

good house Keeping

taking regular rounds of working premises

use of fire retardant, fire resistant materials while construction of ships wherever applicable

keeping working areas under lock & key, when not in use or manned

denying entry to unauthorized personnel

Prevention of Class B(Oil) Fire is by:

Proper storage of oil & petro products

Properly maintained fuel handling systems

Properly trained personnel

Avoiding leakage in the fuel system

No smoking

Not using naked lights

operating fuel systems under supervision


Prevention of Class C(Electrical) Fire is by:

Properly maintained Electrical equipment

Ensuring proper electrical insulation

Avoiding naked wires

Using weather proof, explosion proof fittings where necessary

Properly trained personnel

Switching off electrical equipments when not in use (lights, fans, air conditioners etc.,)

Avoiding prolonged use or overloading of equipment

Prevention of Class D(Chemical) Fire is by:

Understanding the characteristics of the chemicals and accordingly standard operating procedures must be implemented for the personnel handling these chemicals


3.Fire Detection:

Manual detection

Automatic detection (conventional or analog addressable)

Manual detection is by:

regular rounds by duty personnel during working and non working hours

alert and competent ships crew

observing the running machinery for abnormal noise, abnormal vibration, abnormal working temperatures etc.,

CCTV central monitoring through Closed Circuit TV


Automatic detection is by electrical Fire Alarm Control Panel consisting of:

Smoke Detectors placed in different parts of ship Heat Detectors

Heat Detectors placed in different parts of ship


4.Fire Fighting:

Fire can be easily extinguished if minimum one element is isolated (fuel or heat or air).

Removal of fuel from fire is called Starving

Removal of heat from fire is called Cooling

Removal of air from fire is called Smothering

Early stages of fire can be extinguished by Portable Fire Extinguishers available as per fireplan of

the ships:

Water type extinguishers for Class A (General) fire

Foam type extinguishers for Class B (Oil) fire

COextinguishers for Class C (Electrical) fire

DCP (Dry Chemical Powder) extinguishers for Class A,B,C fires

15

FIRE-EXTINGUISHERS


Advanced stages of fire can be extinguished by:

1) Fire main and hose reel system (manual actuation) provided in the ship


Emergency Fire Pump

Hydrant

International Shore

Connection

Advanced stages of fire can be extinguished by:

2) Sprinkler system (automatic actuation) (In specific places e.g. paint locker)

3) CO Flooding system (manual or automatic actuation)for machinery compartments (as per ships installation)


CO2 Control Box

FIRE DRILL

Give the Alarm

Shouting "Fire! Fire! Fire in the (fill in the blank with the location of the fire)! should be the first words you utter when you find a fire aboard. This will alert any other persons in the area and begin the process of alerting the vessel's crew and captain. It is essential that the location of the fire be passed along as well.

You must pass the word that there's a fire. Putting the fire out is not the most important thing, if something happens and you become a casualty before passing the word. This risks both the vessel and crew, when giving the alarm brings the whole of the vessel's firefighting resources to bear. Without the alarm, the fire continues, perhaps growing until it's out of control, and then the vessel is lost.


logistics

Try to advise the following:

The fire location

The type of fire

The size of fire

Details of casualty (if there is one)

What actions (if any) been taken.

Follow procedures/Step by step

Don't Feed the Fire

Don't give fire the air it needs to burn. Shut down air-conditioning and ventilation systems. Both act like a bellows, pumping air into the fire. Remember that fire requires fuel, heat and air to exist; remove any one of the three, and the fire dies.

Upon receiving the alarm and the fire location, the person in charge of the vessel should turn the vessel to minimize the effects of wind feeding the fire and the effects of smoke. Smoke will decrease visibility and hamper firefighting efforts, so you should turn the vessel so that smoke blows off the vessel, rather than over it.


Drill Objectives

On receiving the word of a fire and its location the Bridge Command rises the Ships Fire Alarm (and PA system if applicable)

Communication with the Emergency Team leader established.

Mustering-Ships Crew Roll Call. Emergency Team Leader co-ordinates actions with Support Team-Engine Support Team-First Aid Team and report actions/results to Bridge Control.

Bridge Control Team initiates incident plotting and notify authorities, MRCC, vessels in vicinity, following PAN procedures via all means of communication.

Emergency Team Leader immobilize the Emergency Squat and test their equipment/tools, reporting all information about the fire-fighting team to bridge control.



Support Team & Engine Support Team:

Closing of watertight doors, fire doors, valves, skylights, portholes, dampers and other similar openings in the ship,

Isolates AC, ventilation, power, fuel oil valves, start emergency fire pump and /or emergency generator (as needed).

Setting-up fire hoses, commence boundary cooling and/or open hydrants to flood horizontal surfaces to the surroundings of the fire.

Monitor access routes & actions, with priority to provide support to Emergency Team.

Leaders of both teams keep open communication with Bridge Command and Emergency Team.

Engine Support Team leader (Chief Engineer) steady-by in case of CO2 release.


Emergency Team

Emergency Team leader (Chief Mate) keep sending incident details to Bridge Command.

Master have to alter vessels course in a way to aid the firefighting progress.

Firefighters dressed in full PPE&BA making the push to the scene of fire.

Emergency Team leader and Bridge Command follow closely the progress of firefighters, paying particulars attention to withdraw the fire team well before the BA expected to be empty.

Fire Team entering the Fire Zone and attempt rescue (if there is a casualty).

The firefighting progress continued till time of extinguished the fire or decision taken for drenching or flooding.


First-Aid Team

First-Aid Team leader keeps his team close to the scene of fire and in a safe distance, without obstruct the whole operation.

Extra air bottles to refill BA must be ready at all times.

First-Aid Team with their tools & equipment on stand-by to provide first-aid in case f casualty.

First-Aid Team to be familiar with first-aid procedures, including SPR techniques.

Reference to 1) Vessels FF Training Manual, 2) Companys SMS, 3) IMO resolution (MSC.99/73, 4) SOLAS, 5) MARPOL and all other source for information available.

ABANDON SHIP DRILL

ABANDON ' SHIP SIGNAL-SEVEN (7) SHORT RINGS OF THE GENERAL ALARM SIGNAL FOLLOWED BY ONE (1) LONG RINGING OF THE GENERAL ALARM, REPEATED.

The ship shall abandon ' drill be conducted as if an actual emergency existed. All hands should report to their respective stations with exposure suits and personal floatation pool devices. They should be prepared to perform the duties specified in the station bill (posted in conspicuous places throughout the vessel)


2. Emergency lighting for mustering and abandonment shall be tested at each abandon ' ship drill

3. Safety equipment such as the portable radio apparatus and first aid kit shall be brought from the emergency equipment lockers and the persons designated shall demonstrate their ability to use the equipment during each drill.

4. The person in charge of each life raft shall have a muster list of all personnel under his command and shall ensure that they are familiar with their duties. Using the instruction placard posted at the life raft station, the person in charge shall instruct all personnel assigned to that station in the proper procedures used for launching a life raft, a life raft boarding and righting an inverted life raft. Proper life raft survival techniques, the dangers of hypothermia and how to minimize the effects of hypothermia shall be discussed during this drill. The person in charge shall, also give descriptions of equipment contained in a life raft and instruction on how to use it.


5. The person in charge of each life raft shall ensure that all personnel assigned to their life raft are suitably dressed and personal floatation pool devices are correctly donned. They shall also review the order to abandon ' ship as specified in the muster list.

6. Ensure that:

1. Method of donning lifejackets and immersion suits carried aboard?

2. Mustering at assigned stations?

3. Proper boarding, launching, and clearing of survival craft and rescue boats?

4. Method of launching survival craft by people within them?

5. Method of releasing survival craft from launching-appliances?

6. Use of devices for protecting survival craft launching-in areas, where appropriate?


7. Illumination of launching-areas?

8. Use of each item of survival equipment;

9. Instructions for emergency repair of lifesaving appliances?

10. Use of lifesaving appliances, radio-with illustrations?

11. Use of sea anchors?

12. Use of engine and accessories, where appropriate?

13. Recovery of survival craft and rescue boats, including stowage and securing;

14. Hazards of exposure and the need for warm clothing?

15. Best use of survival craft for survival; and


16. Methods of retrieving personnel, including use of helicopter-mounted rescue gear (slings, baskets, stretchers) and vessel's line-throwing apparatus.

17. Summoning of crew members to survival craft with the general alarm?

18. Simulation of an abandon '-ship emergency that varies from drill to drill?

19. Reporting of crew members to survival craft, and preparing for, and demonstrating the duties assigned under the procedure described in the station bill for, the particular

20. abandon '-ship emergency being simulated?

21. Checking to see that crew members and offshore workers are suitably dressed?


22. Checking to see that immersion suits and lifejackets are donned correctly?

23. Lowering of at least one lifeboat (far enough that the davit head has completed its travel and the fall

24. wire of the lifeboat has begun to pay out) or, if no lifeboats are required, lowering of one rescue boat, after

25. any necessary preparation for launching;

26. Starting and operating of the engine of the lifeboat or rescue boat; and

27. Operation of davits used for launching liferafts.

28. Operation and use of the vessel's inflatable liferafts?

29. Problems of hypothermia, first aid for hypothermia, and other appropriate procedures; and

30. Special procedures necessary for use of the vessel's equipment and lifesaving appliances in heavy weather.


Only after masters

Orders

Abandon Ship

"If you fail to plan, plan to Fail!"


Legacy's Training Theory:

31

Morning Splendour

Pauline Anna Strom

Late Night Tales - MGMT, track 19/21

2011

Alternative

359498.28

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defence against the oldest and deadliest enemy

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