December 10, 2009

Kimikazu IWASE

Deputy Director General for Science, Technology and Innovation Policy

Cabinet Office, Japan

Japan’s Approach toSTI Capacity Building Partnerships

1. S&T Diplomacy: New Policy Initiative of Japan

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“Strengthening S&T cooperation with developing countries for resolving the global issues” “in the areas of the environment and energy, disaster prevention …

and infectious diseases”

Utilize S&T for diplomatic purposes

Utilize diplomacy for the further development of S&T

SYNERGY

S&T Diplomacy= “ To link S&T with foreign policy so as to achieve their mutual development”

Enforced Soft Power

2. STI Capacity Building Partnership as a Major Challenge for S&T Diplomacy(1)

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S&T has focused on 　　　　　　　　　　 research to create new knowledge,

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 advanced technology 　　　　　　　　　　 cooperation with developed

countries 　　　　　　　　 played a limited role in cooperation with

　　　　　　　　　　　　　 developing countries Development Aid has been a main mode of cooperation with developing countries been promoted mainly by foreign policy focused on transfer of existing, appropriate technology

(1)Past Situation

2. STI Capacity Building Partnership as a Major Challenge for S&T Diplomacy(2)

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(2)Current SituationS&T or Research now must be a Key Part of Cooperation with Developing Countries

Why?

The world faces emerging global issues (e.g. climate change, environment, energy, disaster, infectious diseases, food)These issues threaten developing countries seriouslyJoint research, in addition to transfer of existing technology, is necessary to create solutions for these emerging problems

3. SATREPS: Japan’s New Approach to STI Capacity Building Partnership(1)

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(1)Program Objectives:

In 2008, Japan Launched Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS) Program

1. To strengthen international S&T cooperation between Japan and developing countries

2. To advance scientific knowledge and technology for resolving the global issues we face

3. To build capacities of counterpart researchers and research institutes for sustained research activities

3. SATREPS: Japan’s New Approach to STI Capacity Building Partnership(2)

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(2)Program Structure:

MOFA: Ministry of Foreign Affairs MEXT: Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology JICA: Japan International Cooperation Agency JST: Japan Science and Technology Agency

Universities and Research Institutions

in Developing Countries

Universities and Research Institutions

in Japan

Research Partnership

International Joint Research

on Environment/Energy, Bio-resources Utilization,

Natural Disaster Prevention, Infectious Diseases Control

MOFA/JICA Collaboration

R&D Funding Support Technical Cooperation

MEXT/JST

3. SATREPS: Japan’s New Approach to STI Capacity Building Partnership(3)

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(3)Research Areas and Selected Projects:

Research AreasFY2008 FY2009 Total

Asia Africa Others Asia Africa Others

Environment and Energy “climate change” 2 0 2 1 1 2

19Environment and Energy (general) 1 2 0 1 1 0

Environment and Energy “bioresources” - - - 3 2 1

Natural Disaster Prevention 2 0 1 3 1 1 8

Infectious Diseases Control 1 1 0 2 1 1 6

Total12 21

336 3 3 10 6 5

Timescale: 3-5 years / research project

Budget & source of funding:

Maximum of approx. 5 hundred million yen for a 5-year project from JICA+JST combined

3. SATREPS: Japan’s New Approach to STI Capacity Building Partnership(4) (4)Counterpart Countries of Current Projects

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[Croatia]○ Risk Identification and Land-use Planning for Disaster Mitigation of Landslides and Floods in Croatia

[Egypt]○ Sustainable Systems for Food and Bio-energy Production with Water-saving Irrigation in the Egyptian Nile Basin

[India]◎Promoting Low Carbon Technology Transfer between Japan and India: Cooperation Framework, Policy Recommendations, and Capacity Building

◎ Information Network for Natural Disaster mitigation and Recovery

[Bhutan]○ Study on GLOFs (Glacial Lake Outburst Floods) in the Bhutan Himalayas

[Thailand]○ Decision-making Support System for the Adaptation in Water-related Areas under Climate Change○ R&D for Water Reuse Technology in Tropical Regions○Development of Therapeutic Human Antibodies and Pursuing Novel Therapeutic Candidates against Infectious Diseases, especially Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever

[Thailand] ◎ Innovation on Production and Automotive Utilization of Bio-fuels from Non-food Biomass

[Viet Nam] ◎ Sustainable Integration of Local Agriculture and Biomass

Industries

[Philippines] ◎ Development of Strategic

Regional Network of Institutions for Integrated Coastal Ecosystem Conservation and Adaptive Management in Response to Local and Global Environmental Change

◎ Enhancement of Monitoring Capabilities and Source Process Studies of Earthquakes and Volcanoes in the Philippines

◎ Prevention and Control of Leptospirosis in the Philippines

[Tuvalu]○ Eco-technological Management of Tuvalu against Sea Level Rise

[Brazil]○ Research on Ethanol Production from Sugarcane Wastes

[Brazil] ◎ Carbon Dynamics of Amazonian Forests ◎ Development of Soy Bean with Tolerance to Dry and Heat ◎ New Technologies Approaches Applied for the Improvement of Diagnosis and Management of Fungal Infections in AIDS and Immunocompromised Patients in Brazil

[Bolivia] ◎ Study on Impact of

Glacial Retreat on Water Resource Availability for Cities of La Paz / El Alto

[Peru] ◎ Evaluation of Seismic Risk and Tsunami

Disaster Mitigation Technology in Peru

[Bangladesh] ◎ Research on Disaster

Prevention/Mitigation Measures against Floods and Storm Surges

[Sudan]◎Improvement of Food Security in Semi-arid Regions of Sudan through Management of Root Parasitic Weeds

[Zambia]○ Establishment of Novel Diagnostics Tools for Tuberculosis and Trypanosomiasis and Screening of Candidate Compounds for Trypanosomiasis in Zambia

[Tunisia] ◎ Valorization of Bio-resources

in Semi Arid and Arid Land for Regional Development

[Burkina Faso] ◎ Improving Sustainable

Water and Sanitation Systems in Sahel Region in Africa

[Gabon]○ Conservation of Biodiversity in Tropical Forest through Sustainable Coexistence between Human and wild Animals

[South Africa] ◎ Climate Simulation and Projections

for Adaptation Impact in the Southern African Region

◎ Studies of Seismic Hazard Mitigation in Deep Level South African Mines

[Ghana] ◎ Control of Infectious

Diseases of Viral and Parasitic Aetiology in Ghana

[Indonesia]○Wild Fire and Carbon Management in Peat-forest in Indonesia○ Multi-disciplinary Hazard Reduction from Earthquakes and Volcanoes in Indonesia

[Indonesia] ◎ Climate Variability Study and Societal Application through

Indonesia - Japan "Maritime Continent COE"- Indonesia Contribution to GEOSS Project

◎ Emerging Infectious Diseases: Development of Vaccines and Natural Substance based Antiviral Drugs for Control and Prevention of Flavi-and related Viruses

FY 2009FY 2008

FY 2008+FY2009

Provided by JST (Japan Science and Technology Agency)

Eco-technological Management of Tuvalu against Sea Level Rise

Example: Climate Change Mitigation

Erosion of the seaside by sea level rise

Japanese Researcher and Official from

Ministry of Environment in

Tuvalu discussed on the damages of coral

leaf.

Tuvalu consists of low-flatted islands formed by coral and foraminifera sand with an altitude of 1 to 2 meters, and is threatened by sea level rise. The aim of this project is to fully understand physical and ecological processes of island formation by creating a habitat-sedimentation map, and to construct robust islands against sea level rise through rehabilitation and promotion of sand production, transportation and sedimentation.

3. SATREPS: Japan’s New Approach to STI Capacity Building Partnership(5) (5)Some Examples from Current Projects

8Provided by JST (Japan Science and Technology Agency)

Study on GLOFs (Glacial Lake Outburst Floods) in the Bhutan Himalayas

Example: Natural Disaster Prevention

The Muddy Stream from Glacial Lake Provided from ICIMOD(2007)

Outburst Flood (GLOF) is a major hazard concern faced by mountain communities in the Himalayas. The purpose of this research is to evaluate GLOFs’ hazard level for mitigation. Its primary focus is on, for which the GLOF hazard level is believed to be high but yet information for mitigation is lacking. On the basis of satellite data analysis and field survey, we will complete a flood hazard map for the region and provide information necessary for the construction of an early warning system. Throughout the project it is strongly emphasized that technology on GLOF hazard mitigation is transferred to local organizations.

© 名古屋大学Glacial Lakes in the Bhutan Himalayas

1984

2004

©JAXA

(Left) Glacial Lakes in the Bhutan Himalayas obtained from satellite data (provided from ASAHI newspaper)

3. SATREPS: Japan’s New Approach to STI Capacity Building Partnership(5) (5)Some Examples from Current Projects

9Provided by JST (Japan Science and Technology Agency)

Research and Development of Therapeutic Products against Infectious Diseases, especially Dengue Virus

Infection

Example: Infectious Diseases Control

Discussion between Japanese Delegation and Officials from

Thailand Ministry of Public Health

Laboratory at Faculty of Public Health , Mahidol University 　　　　　

This project aims to develop effective therapeutic products against emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases that are of great priority through the International alliance collaborative research between the Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, and the Department of Medical Sciences (DMSc), Ministry of Public Health. This project will concentrate in two lines: the first will mainly concern the development of human monoclonal antibodies and the second will cover the development of therapeutic candidates from microorganisms such as bacteria as well as natural herbs, which are prevalent. These developed agents are expected to be candidates with great effectiveness against dengue hemorrhagic fever as well as several other viral and bacterial infections. The successful candidates would be practically applied thereafter to clinical usage.

3. SATREPS: Japan’s New Approach to STI Capacity Building Partnership(5)

10 Provided by JST (Japan Science and Technology Agency)

(5)Some Examples from Current Projects

3. SATREPS: Japan’s New Approach to STI Capacity Building Partnership(6)

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(6)Anticipated Benefits to All Partners

Scientific Excellence & Capacity Building• Active involvement of leading scientists, research institutions from

Japan • Enabling both countries’ scientists to gain advanced scientific

knowledge and technology for resolving the global issues• Addressing global issues which could affect many, including citizens

of both countries• Developing research capacity and sustain research activities at

research institutions in developing countries.• Potential to apply and transfer results of joint research (new

technology and its application) to local industries and society in general

3. SATREPS: Japan’s New Approach to STI Capacity Building Partnership(7)

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(7)Training or Educational Components

International Joint Research

Universities, Research

Institutions, etc.

Universities, Research

Institutions, etc

PI & Researchers Teams

PI & Researchers Teams

JapanDeveloping Country

Accepting researchers(usually post-graduate /

assistant level)

Dispatching long/short-term research experts

(PI, Associate Prof., etc.)

4. Shared Views among Developed Countries

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Global issues are increasingly important for policy, and international S&T cooperation is needed to cope with those issues.Cooperation between developed and developing countries is of special importance because developing countries are often most severely affected by global issues.Such research cooperation should be in the form of true partnerships, and the results should go beyond academic ones and extend into sustainability, capacity building, economic growth and so on.

Through international dialogue, we found that many developed countries share the following views and intend to take actions:

5. OECD Project to Explore Good Practices

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A New Projects started this year at OECD Global Science Forum (GSF) based upon Japanese proposal

“Opportunities, Challenges and Good Practices in 　International Research Cooperation between Developed and Developing Countries”

This Projects will focus on cooperative research projects and programs that:

• Combine ODA elements with scientific research• Are intended to be true partnership

International Expert Group:• 13 countries and EU, 4 international bodies including the World

Bank

6. Next Step: Creation of a Mechanism to Network Partnerships

• A standing group or forum to share information on on-going or planned partnerships and to exchange views on possible collaboration among partnerships

OECD/GSF project will find good practices, which will help countries improve their programs, and will also find that there exists latent synergy among programs

Next step should be the creation of a mechanism to network partnerships:

→The World Bank seems to be in the best position to manage such mechanism

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Thank you for your attention.