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Deborah Gilden, Ph.D. Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center The Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute

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Deborah Gilden, Ph.D. Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center The Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute

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The Blind Population is Changing: More blind seniors Additional disabilities Health problems Unlikely to learn braille Becoming technology savvy More technology available to help More technology to act as a barrier More blind seniors Additional disabilities Health problems Unlikely to learn braille Becoming technology savvy More technology available to help More technology to act as a barrier

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THE FUTURE: Micro Chips implanted in the retina

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THE FUTURE: Micro Chips implanted in the retina

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Sensory Substitution With auditory Replace visual information... And/or tactile information

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Auditory output Tones Speech B r a I l l e B r a I l l e Tactile displays Braille Other raised dot or raised line patterns Vibrate Enhanced contrast through color & lighting for low vision Custom Design

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Sensory Aids for Blind, Visually Impaired, and Deaf-Blind Vocation Activities of Daily Living Orientation and Mobility Education Medical Needs Recreation

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Assessing Vision Beyond the Snellen Chart

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(Smith-Kettlewell Institute Low Luminance/Low Contrast) S K I L L CARD

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Low Vision

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Enhance Contrast Contrast

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Enhance Contrast

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Accessing Visual Text 1. Fax Reader 2. LCD Reader

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Fax Reader or OCR ? Frozen Chicken

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Fax Reader or OCR Frozen Chicken

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Display Reader reads Liquid Crystal Displays :30 Thirty seconds

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Access to Graphics and Text Lables Full Page Braille Display KnowWare

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Traditional Raised Line Graphics Difficult and expensive to make Space hog Poor resolution Static Difficult to use Unavailable

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Make Graphics With Braille? Is expensive Displays are only 20 characters wide Why not use computer-generated, moveable braille dots* to make simple tactile graphics? * Known as mechanical braille, refreshable braille, and volatile braille

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:30 Refreshable braille labels Thirty sec * *t hirty sec

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:30 Refreshable braille labels Thirty sec * *t hirty sec

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At first, computer technology appeared to open a door for blind people...

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Overhead Camera Virtual map

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California! Overhead Camera Virtual map

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Orientation and Mobility Talking Signs Talking ATM Remote Slighted Guide

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Lake Woods Shopping Receiver Lake Talking Signs Transmitter

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Talking ATM Press the upper right-hand button to make a deposit. Press the upper right-hand button to make a deposit.

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Remote Sighted Guide

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Webster Clay I wonder where I am...

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Webster Clay I wonder where I am...

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Webster Clay Hello Jane. Where am I?

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Webster Clay You are at Clay and Webster, Dick

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Intelligent Computer Vision

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For detecting and reading outdoor signs Street names Store names Informational signs Identify objects (e.g. mail box, obstacles you can trip over) Portable (hands free) Affordable

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Webster Clay I wonder where I am...

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I wonder where I am... Webster Clay Clay and Webster

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Clay Tricycle

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Technology for Deaf-blind Dexter, the Robotic Fingerspelling Hand Vibro-tactile Medication Reminder

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Manual Alphabet for the Deaf and Deaf- blind A b c d e f g h I j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

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Letters typed on a computer are formed by Dexter Letters typed on a computer are formed by Dexter L

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L

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Medication Reminder for Deaf-blind

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Deaf-blind people need special technology to know when to take medications Need to be able to set the time and alarm times without vision Tactile (on an analog clock) Need to be able to detect alarm signal without vision or hearing Vibration

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Deaf-blindMedicationReminder

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Push Switch to set alarm Alarm Stop (clock mode) Program Switch (program mode) Magnets Hinge Hall IC AM/PM RS-232C Hinge Switch to open door to set alarm Winding Stem Deaf-blindMedicationReminder

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Program will recycle