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Anuar Mohd Yusof a , Esther Gnanamalar Sarojini Daniel b , Wah Yun Low c , Kamarulzaman Ab. Aziz da Institute of Graduate Studies, University of Malaya, Malaysia

b Faculty of Education, University of Malaya, Malaysiac Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Malaysia

dFaculty of Management, Multimedia University, Malaysia

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Outline of Presentation

Introduction

Mobile Learning?

Mobile Edutainment for Special Education

Purpose of StudySampling and Instrument

Conceptual Model

Finding

Augmented Reality (AR)Game-based Learning

Net-book Animation Project

Conclusion and Future Work

TEACHERS PERCEPTION ON MOBILE LEARNING FOR SPECIAL NEEDSLEARNER: A MALAYSIAN CASE STUDY

Copyright Anuar Mohd Yusof

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Introduction

A paradigm shift of the technology sector had occurred in the new eracalled "Communication Tools" era (Neo & Neo, 2000).

Revolution of communication technology led to the explosion of mobile devices such as mobile phone, laptop, net book, smart tab andother devices.

Adoption of mobile devices as tools for teaching, and learning .

Mobile learning is now focusing on supporting the mobility and flexibility of the learning process among the young generation .



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Mobile Learning?

According to Trifonova & Ronchetti(2003), Mobile learning is a field whichcombines two very promising areas mobile computing and e-learning (p.1794).

M-learning is quite a new domain there

is a lot of work and research that isbeing done on various aspects of thesubject.



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MobileLearning

Highly portable

Individual

Unobtrusive

Available anywhere

Adaptable

Persistent

Useful

Intuitive

Criteria of M-Learning


Criteria for m-learning technologies for lifelong learning (Sharples, 2000)


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Mobile Learning?

The benefits and positive impacts of m-learning are still being questioned.



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...consists of two equally important parts:the format (entertainment) and themessage/content (education)(White,2006,n.p).

The word edutainment is derived from thecombination of education andentertainment which refers to learningtechnology that engage their learning (Yusof,

et al., 2010,p. 2304).

Mobile edutainment is . when the edutainment application or modules are delivered oroperated using mobile devices



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A critical factor is the selection of theright mobile device to suit the needs of special education and the learners .

Suitability can be determined byteachers familiarity with the devicesand whether they have the capabilitiesto use the mobile devices as a tool forteaching.

However, the teachers willingness andpreparedness to adopt and implement m-learning is a more critical success

factor.Copyright Anuar Mohd Yusof


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Purpose of Study

Investigates the teachers perceptionon mobile learning application in specialeducation classes

The benefits and challenges of implementing blended learning forspecial education were also discussed

The paper concludes by conceptualizedthe scenario in the special educationand the technology that can berecommended.



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Sampling and Instrument

The departments directed the researchers toa number of schools and four schools that met the selection criteria were selected.

Two from each state.

A total of ten special education teacherswere interviewed.

An open ended and informal interviewingstrategy were adopted to create a relaxatmosphere conducive for the teachers tocandidly share their knowledge, experience,opinion and perception on m-learning forspecial needs learner.



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Conceptual Model



Conceptual Model of Blended Learning in Special Education with Mobile Edutainment (Modification from (Yusof, et al., 2011))

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Finding

Each student has different level of abilities.

The teachers used difference teachingmethod to meet individual student needs.

Limited resources in terms of tailoredinteractive content, facilities and equipment.

The teachers themselves have limited

knowledge on how to incorporate the m-learning technologies in their teaching.

Normally, there are specified timeframe forcompletion of the various lessons prescribed

in the national syllabi.Copyright Anuar Mohd Yusof


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Augmented Reality (AR)

Augmented Reality (AR) is a variation of virtual environment which also calledVirtual Reality (Azuma, 1997).

Majority of the teachers interviewedexpressed interest in the potential of using AR as part of learning tools. They

saw the potential of AR as an excitingand fun teaching aid. Limited resourcesin terms of tailored interactive content,

facilities and equipment.



Mobile-based AR Conceptual Diagram(modification from Azuma (1997, p. 13) )

Monitor-based AR Conceptual Diagram Azuma(1997, p. 13)

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Net-Book Animation Project

Net-book is a mobile devices that can be taken anywhere and operate anytime(Leung & Chan, 2003; Motiwalla, 2007; Seong, 2006; Sharples, 2000)

The mobility of net-books can used for education purposes, namely, animation

project students using online animation tool to create their own animations(Yusof & Aziz, 2010; Yusof & Song, 2010).

Teachers lacking experience, knowledge and skills to use animation tools, howto develop the appropriate lesson plan suitable for special education.

Time is needed to train the teachers, and the students.

Teachers agreed that animation projects may help the students to gain skillssuch as computer literacy, animator skills, drawing skills and communication

skills.Copyright Anuar Mohd Yusof


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Any Suggestion?



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Thank you



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References

Aronson, J. D. (2001). The Communicatios and Internet Revolution Retrieved May 13, 2011, from http://www-bcf.usc.edu/~aronson/comm_internet.pdf

Azuma, R. T. (1997). A Survey of Augmented Reality. Teleoperators and Virtual Environments,6 (4).

Chuanga, T. Y., Leeb, I. C., Chena, W. C., & Choua, C. C. (2009). Use of Digital Console Game for Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Paper presented at the Proceedingsof the 17th International Conference on Computers in Education [CDROM], Hong Kong.

Embi, Z. C., & Hussain, H. (2005). Analysis of Local and Foreign Edutainment Products AnEffort to Implement the Design Framework for an Edutainment Environment in Malaysia.Journal of Computers in Mathematics and Science Teaching, 24 (1), 27-42.

Green, M., & McNeese, M. N. (2007). Using Edutainment Software to Enhance Online Learning.

International Journal on E-Learning, 6 (1), 5-16.Horton, J. L. (2002). The Internet Revolution: It came. It went. It's here. Retrieved March, 20,

2011, from http://www.online-pr.com/Holding/TheInternetRevolution.pdf Leung, C. H., & Chan, Y. Y. (2003, 9-11 July 2003). Mobile learning: A new paradigm in

electronic learning. Paper presented at the 3rd IEEE International Conference onAdvanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 03), Athens, Greece.


http://www-bcf.usc.edu/~aronson/comm_internet.pdfhttp://www.online-pr.com/Holding/TheInternetRevolution.pdfhttp://www.online-pr.com/Holding/TheInternetRevolution.pdfhttp://www-bcf.usc.edu/~aronson/comm_internet.pdf

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References

Motiwalla, L. F. (2007). Mobile learning: A framework and evaluation. [doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2005.10.011]. Computers & Education, 49 (3), 581-596.

Neo, M., & Neo, T. K. (2000). The Mighty PC: Pcs in the Multimedia Age . UEP Subang Jaya,Selangor, Malaysia: Meway Computec Sdn Bhd.

Ponter, D., & Brown, L. (2007). Creating A Digital New Zealand: New Zealands Digital Content Strategy Retrieved July 6, 2009, from http://www.digitalstrategy.govt.nz .

Seong, D. S. K. (2006). Usability Guidelines for Designing Mobile Learning Portals . Paperpresented at the The 3rd Conference on Mobile Technology, Applications and Systems.

Sharples, M. (2000). The Design of Personal Mobile Technologies for Lifelong Learning.Computers and Education, 34 , 177193.

Sharples, M., Corlett, D., & Westmancott, O. (2002). The Design and Implementation of a MobileLearning Resource. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 6 , 220-234.

Song, H., & Yusof, A. M. (2010). A Current Review of the Use of Mobile Technology to Enhance Learning and Communication Among Children with Developmental Disabilities. Paperpresented at the EDULEARN10 Conference, Barcelona, Spain.

Trifonova, A., & Ronchetti, M. (2003). Where is Mobile Learning Going? Retrieved May 1, 2011, from http://www.trifonova.net/docs/Where%20is%20Mobile%20Learning%20Going%20(E-Learn2003).pdf


http://www.digitalstrategy.govt.nz/http://www.trifonova.net/docs/Where%20is%20Mobile%20Learning%20Going%20(E-Learn2003).pdfhttp://www.trifonova.net/docs/Where%20is%20Mobile%20Learning%20Going%20(E-Learn2003).pdfhttp://www.trifonova.net/docs/Where%20is%20Mobile%20Learning%20Going%20(E-Learn2003).pdfhttp://www.trifonova.net/docs/Where%20is%20Mobile%20Learning%20Going%20(E-Learn2003).pdfhttp://www.digitalstrategy.govt.nz/

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References

White, R. (2003, January, 3 2009). That's Edutainment. Retrieved July, 20, 2010, fromhttp://www.whitehutchinson.com/leisure/articles/edutainment.shtml

at the ICERI 2010: International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation, Madrid,Spain.

Yusof, A. M., Daniel, E. G. S. A., Abdullah, S. L., & Aziz, K. A. (2010). A Current Review Of The Use Of Edutaiment Applications To Promote Alternative Approaches In Addressing Adhd.Paper presented at the 2011 International Conference on e-Commerce, e-Administration, e-Society, e-Education, and e-Technology (e-CASE & e-Tech 2011), Tokyo, Japan.

Yusof, A. M., Daniel, E. G. S. A., Abdullah, S. L., & Aziz, K. A. (2011, August 19-21). Teachers Perceptions on the Blended Learning Environment for Special Needs Learners in Malaysia: A Case study. Paper presented at the 2011 2nd International Conference on Education andManagement Technology, Shanghai, China.

Yusof, A. M., & Song, H. (2010). E-Project Based Learning Using Animation in Primary Schools.Paper presented at the EDULEARN10 Conference, Barcelona, Spain.

http://www.whitehutchinson.com/leisure/articles/edutainment.shtmlhttp://www.whitehutchinson.com/leisure/articles/edutainment.shtml

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