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David S. Blehert, PhD USGS – National Wildlife Health Center U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey White Nose Syndrome: An Emerging Fungal Pathogen?

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White Nose Syndrome: An Emerging Fungal Pathogen?. David S. Blehert, PhD USGS – National Wildlife Health Center. U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey. Download At : www.nwhc.usgs.gov/disease_ information/ white-nose_ syndrome/ index.jsp. What is White-Nose Syndrome?. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: David S. Blehert, PhD USGS – National Wildlife Health Center

David S. Blehert, PhDUSGS – National Wildlife Health Center

U.S. Department of the InteriorU.S. Geological Survey

White Nose Syndrome:

An Emerging Fungal Pathogen?

Page 2: David S. Blehert, PhD USGS – National Wildlife Health Center

Download At:

www.nwhc.usgs.gov/disease_information/white-nose_syndrome/index.jsp

Page 3: David S. Blehert, PhD USGS – National Wildlife Health Center

What is White-Nose Syndrome?

Photo by J. Reichard, Boston University Photo by A. Hicks, NY DEC

Page 4: David S. Blehert, PhD USGS – National Wildlife Health Center

CHALLENGE: Identify the White Fungusand/or Other Pathogen(s)

Photo by N. Heaslip, NY DEC

Page 5: David S. Blehert, PhD USGS – National Wildlife Health Center

Parasitology, Virology, and Bacteriology

• Parasitology: Disease causing parasites not found.

• Virology: No known viral pathogens identified.

• Bacteriology: No consistent findings.

Page 6: David S. Blehert, PhD USGS – National Wildlife Health Center

Circumstantial Case from Direct Observation

Fixed Bat Muzzle SkinNYS DOH

Photo by D. Springer and M. Behr

Direct Scraping from BatNYS DOH

Photo by M. Behr

Page 7: David S. Blehert, PhD USGS – National Wildlife Health Center

Fixed Bat Muzzle SkinNYS DOH

Photo by D. Springer and M. Behr

Direct Scraping from BatNYS DOH

Photo by M. Behr

NWHC Cold IsolatePhoto by D. Blehert, NWHC

Circumstantial Case from Direct Observation

Page 8: David S. Blehert, PhD USGS – National Wildlife Health Center

Fungal Biology – Mycology

• Requires cold for growth.

• It cannot grow at room temperature.

• Common on sick bats.

• Absent from healthy bats.

• All isolates are identical.

• Fungus is a new species of Geomyces.

Photo by A. Klein, NWHC

Page 9: David S. Blehert, PhD USGS – National Wildlife Health Center

Histopathology

Bat Wings – In addition toflight, they are critical for:

• Heat Dissipation• Water Control• Gas Exchange• Blood Pressure Regulation

Photos by C. Meteyer, NWHC

Page 10: David S. Blehert, PhD USGS – National Wildlife Health Center

WNS: A European Connection?

Hungary

RomaniaPhoto: Szilard Bucs

Switzerland

Netherlands

Photo: Tamas Gorfol

Photo: Anne Jifke-Haarsma

Page 11: David S. Blehert, PhD USGS – National Wildlife Health Center

Infection Trial• Torpid little brown bats housed in mesh enclosures in refrigerators at 7C.

• Three treatment groups – each in an individual refrigerator in a dedicated isolation room within a shower-out BSL-3 facility.

• Each bat wears an iBBat archival temperature logger.

Page 12: David S. Blehert, PhD USGS – National Wildlife Health Center

Soil Sampling Project

• Collect soil samples from approximately 100 caves in the eastern US.

• Screen samples for the WNS-associated fungus.

Page 13: David S. Blehert, PhD USGS – National Wildlife Health Center

Future Directions• Determine the origin of the WNS fungus.

• Predict potential for future WNS spread.

• Can WNS be contained?

• Can WNS be controlled? Investigate biological or chemical control strategies.

• Continue to develop a better understanding of the disease.

• Identify bat survival strategies – Are there resistant bats?


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