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Data Centre Cooling Strategies The Changing Landscape..

Mark Deguara Director Data Centre Solutions ANZ e-mail: [email protected]

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Redefining ‘Huge’

State of the Data Centre , Emerson Network Power

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Failure is Not An Option

State of the Data Centre , Emerson Network Power

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Powerful Forces Are Driving Change in Data Centre Infrastructure

Virtualization/ Cloud

Always on Availability

Expectations

IT Exerting Greater Influence

than Facilities

Higher density

More with Less

Interdependent apps/functions

Data Centre & Server

Consolidation

External forces changing the

business climate

Business and technology forces

pressing on the data centre

Efficiency & Green Initiatives

Data Centers are Using Less Power and Cooling

Data Centre Modularity

Alternative Power/Cooling Technologies

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Today’s Data Centre Needs Efficiency Protection Scalability Simplification

Cost reduction

Resource utilization

Spending

optimization

Higher availability, SLA assurance

Compliance and

governance

Accuracy

Provisioning

Permissioning

Responsiveness

Standardization

Consistency

Leverage existing tools and skill

sets

Cheaper Stronger Faster Easier

Need: a real-time, resilient data centre that makes the future of your business possible, with; • the agility and flexibility to meet customer demands, • adapt to rapid changes, • operate at high efficiency and • comply with requirements for risk management and protection

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Today’s Data Centre Needs Efficiency Protection Scalability Simplification

Cost reduction

Resource utilization

Spending

optimization

Higher availability, SLA assurance

Compliance and

governance

Accuracy

Provisioning

Permissioning

Responsiveness

Standardization

Consistency

Leverage existing tools and skill

sets

Cheaper Stronger Faster Easier

Need: a real-time, resilient data centre that makes the future of your business possible, with; • the agility and flexibility to meet customer demands, • adapt to rapid changes, • operate at high efficiency and • comply with requirements for risk management and protection

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Advances in Data Center Cooling over the Last Five Years

Wider ASHRAE allowable range Hot and Cold Aisle Containment Outside Air Economization EC/Variable Speed Fans Variable Capacity Compressors Row based cooling Intelligent cooling controls

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Thermal Management Technology to Solve Customer Needs

Efficiency / Economization

Efficient Capital/Modular/Speed

Solutions

Control/Intelligence

Availability

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Thermal Management Technology to Solve Customer Needs

Efficiency / Economisation

Efficient Capital/Modular/Speed

Solutions

Control/Intelligence

Availability

Higher Return Air & Chilled Water Temps, Variable Capacity, Aisle Control, Max Economisation Hours, New Technology

Solutions that will allow effective growth and use of Capital in Optimized Building Blocks, Lowest Max kW

Engineered / Optimized, Ease of Connectivity, Custom – Standard Configurations

From the Unit, Aisle to the Whole Data Centre – Visibility and Control

Systems & Controls to Measure, Monitoring & Service to maintain the highest Availability

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Energy Efficiency, Lower Operating Costs

Energy consumption in a typical data center

Source: Energy Logic

Technologies and approaches to reduce operational expenditures (OPEX)

Focus on operational efficiency of data center environment

Simple assessments help identify energy consumption

Opportunity: Reduce Cooling to under

15% or PUE < 1.20

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The Data Centre World

11 ASHRAE* – American Society of Heating, Refrigerating & Air Conditioning Engineers

ASHRAE* defines different working ranges for temperature and humidity based upon installation and technology. This graph shows ASHRAE typical representation of pre-defined working envelopes.

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Typical Application: Legacy DC with Return Control and High Precision on Humidity

Hardware: All Servers

Temperature & Humidity: 20°C – 25°C 40% – 55% RH

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Typical Application: Current DC with Return or

Supply Control and Humidity Control


Temperature & Humidity: 18°C – 27°C

5.5DP – 60% RH&15DP

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Typical Application: Current DC with Return or

Supply Control and Humidity Control



5.5DP – 60% RH&15DP

Typical Application: Data Centre with focus on Energy Savings and enlarged limits on Humidity

Hardware: Enterprise servers, storage products


Typical Application: Information and Technology

Space or Office

Hardware: Volume servers, storage

products, pc, workstations


20% – 80% RH

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Chilled Water

Direct Expansion

Warehouse Type

Evaporative Cooling

Freecooling Chiller with ADIA

Multi-story Building

Technology

Data Centre Cooling

Building Type

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How to Achieve Data Centre Thermal Management: 3 Main Cooling Technologies

Configuration Indoor units with compressors connected to an outdoor condenser

Cooling Medium Refrigerant Freecooling: pumped refrigerant, indirect with water or fresh air

Typical Application From 10kW to 500-700kW data centre

Configuration Indoor units with heat exchange, EC Fan, valves and controls connected to a Freecooling Chiller through large water pipes

Cooling Medium Water produced from a Freecooling chiller Freecooling: From the outdoor unit / fresh air cooling

Typical Application Medium and large data centre from 0.1 to 5MW module

DIR

EC

T E

XPA

NS

ION

C

HIL

LED

W

ATE

R

Configuration Outdoor unit connected in the perimeter of the building and recirculating the air from and to the data centre

Cooling Medium Fresh air + vaporized water Backup: either direct expansion or Chilled water

Typical Application Warehouse type data centre from 0.5MW upwards AIR

to A

IR

AD

IAB

ATIC

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Direct Expansion w/Pumped Economiser First ever Pumped Refrigerant Economizer

mode with operation down to a 1.05 pPUE Reliable and Low Maintenance Operation

– No Water usage or treatment

– No Outside Air or damper maintenance – Instant automatic economizer changeover

iCOM control manages the system Larger building blocks 80 to 150 kW for

sites up to 3 MW

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90% in Full Economization No Compressor Operation

Canberra

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Annual free-cooling hours increase at higher return air conditions and lower unit loads

At 70% load and 30°C RAT, full economization is available at 10°C outdoor

How Higher Return Air Helps Economisation

Percentage of Annual Hours in Economisation Mode (@80% load) Location 30°C Return Air 35°C Return Air Sydney 16% 54% Melbourne 47% 80% Canberra 61% 90% 18

35º C Return

40º C Return

30º C Return

24º C Return

-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 21 27 32 38 Deg C Outdoor Ambient

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Climate Impact on Economisation

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Melbourne Sydney

Brisbane Perth

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Liebert DSE Indoor Unit

Liebert MC Condenser

Liebert EconoPhase

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Liebert iCOM

Liebert DSE with iCOM Benefits:

– Maximizes free-cooling hours through automatic economizer transition control

– Minimizes power consumption by optimizing component operation for lowest total system power

– Provides built-in diagnostics to ensure proper system operation

– Provides interface to Liebert data centre management systems

Economisation needs Intelligent Controls

Pump Speed

Refrigerant Temperature

Pump Head

EconoPhase Unit Status

Condenser Fan Speed

Ambient Temperature

Head Pressure

Liebert MC Unit Status

Unit Capacity

Room Temperature

Evaporator Fan Speed

Room Humidity

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Adiabatic FreeCooling Chillers

100% Compressor Back-up

Adiabatic Cooling

Freecooling ADIABATIC

PAD

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High Efficiency and High Availability Intelligent controls provide the most efficient operating mode for the chillers whilst also providing protection during extreme ambients (50C) or loss of water

FREECOOLING

ADIABATIC FREECOOLING

HYBRID COOLING

ADIABATIC MECHANICAL COOLING

SAFE MODE during water

shortages

LOW TEMP

HIGH TEMP

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Evaporative Cooling Applications

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Liebert EVI Indirect Evaporative Air Handler

Season Cooling Mode

Dry Bulb Temp (°C)

Wet Bulb Temp (°C)

Liters Per

Hour

Cooling PUE

Winter Dry 5 - - 1.10

Spring/Fall Wet 20 14 540 1.14

Summer Wet w/ DX 35 24 675 1.21

– Capacities from 150 – 400+ kW with DX or CW trim – PUE <1.20 with No Outside Air – Performance based on climate and Operating Temperatures – Potential for lower Max kW – Higher Tier applications require on site water storage or larger DX/CW

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17°C

35°C

5°C

24°C

24°C

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Indirect Evaporative Cooling Where it Works

Dry Heat Exchanger

Wetting Heat Exchanger

Wetting Heat Exchanger + Trim

Cooling

Assuming 24°C Supply and 35°C Return Air

100% Load

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Liebert EVD Direct Evaporative Air Handler – Capacities from 150 – 600 kW with DX or CW trim – PUE <1.10 requiring Outside Air (actual performance based on climate) – Potential higher humidity and operating temperatures – Lower Max kW – Typically used in lower Tier applications

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35°C

5°C 24°C

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Direct Evaporative Cooling Customers Range – Where it works

Hyperscale / Aggressive

Operations

ASHRAE Recommended

Operations

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Most data centres will implement a dew point limit

at or near the ASHRAE upper level of15oC

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Liebert XD Primary or Supplemental Cooling Designed for High Density

Localized cooling modules – cooling at the source – add on demand

100% sensible

Pumped Refrigerant

Works with any rack

New Liebert XDR – Back Of Cabinet

– Room Neutral

– No Fans (electrical)

– Flexible – any rack

– Future economizer

Energy saving +50% Liebert XDR

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Modular Constructed Data Centre? Traditional “Stick-Build”

– Build = creating physical structure

– Install = adding mechanical/electrical plant and IT eqpt.

Container Solution

– Manufacture = fabricating container in factory,

including mechanical/electrical plant

– Install = placing container inside/outside a structure, connecting mechanical/electrical plant, adding IT eqpt.

Modular Constructed Data Centre (MCDC)

Design Build Install

Design Manufacture Install

Design Manufacture Off-Site

Assemble On-Site

The MCDC Becomes the Building!

Emerson Data Centre

NBN Australia Data Centre

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SITE MANAGER

DCIM – Data Centre Infrastructure Management

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DCIM Evolution Roadmap Ca

pabi

lity

What do I have?

What is it doing?

What should I do?

Value

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Reactive • Monitor / Alerts • Status / Health

views • Little

prioritization • Tools are

isolated • Few standards • Simple KPIs • Problems

understood

Proactive • Real-time data • Basic

information models

• Policies defined • Collaboration • Holistic tools • KPIs aligned to

objectives • Problems are

anticipated

Optimized • Predictive

modeling • Root cause

analysis • Automated

policy and exception management

• Active identification of cost reduction

• Avoid problem situations

Autonomic • Automated

policies • Auto-Response

to events • Self-diagnosis /

healing • Tight

integration to business processes Basic

• Remote data access

• Ad hoc processes

• Limited tools • Unclear roles • Problems not

understood

Do it for me!

Real-time data center

How do I Improve?

Real-time, resilient data center

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DCIM Intelligence Delivers Capacity Management and Thermal Visualization and More

3D model of the data center showing the thermal conditions

Produce 3D rotational view of data center floor and inventory

Thermal visualization view of front/rear of IT racks

Capacity Stack Thermal Visualization

– Electrical power consumption – Airflow – Gross cooling capacity (ex CW) – Delivered Net Sensible capacity – Remaining Capacity – Predictive Diagnostics

Intelligent sensors provide insight to optimize efficiency and capacity

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Wireless Sensors Can Help Wireless sensors support dynamic IT

environments and provide the flexibility and benefits of monitoring and control of the cooling systems

Offers lower deployment costs compared to fixed sensors

Measurements include temperature, humidity, pressure, power

Ultra low power consumption ensures long battery life (+5 years)

Wireless Sensor Devices Wireless Gateway Control System

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Thermal Management System Keys to a Successful Data Centre Design

Resiliency OPEX Efficiency

CAPEX Cost SLA Why?

Containment

Drives improved reliability in controlled supply air temperatures to the Rack

Critical Means to driver for higher return air temperatures to the cooling unit

Higher return air temperatures increase unit capacities to lower unit count

Economization Reduced mechanical refrigeration energy

Improved life (MTBF)

Sustainable control of operating costs

Control

Adjust and optimize the cooling system to the IT load

Networking for optimization, fault tolerance and information sharing

Maintain operating condition (ASHRAE Guidelines)

Intelligent Monitoring

Means to verify optimal performance

Anticipating / predicting critical issues that could impact reliability and costs

Planning change and growth

Scalable Design

Time value of money, reduced waste of excess capacity

Takes advantage of latest technology as improvements come to market

Speed of deployment 3

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Liebert HPC L Liebert

HPC S

Emerson’s Thermal Management Data Centre Product Portfolio

Liebert CRV

Liebert XDV

Liebert PCW

Liebert PDX Digital Scroll

Liebert XDH

Evaporative Air Handlers/Room Cooling

Knürr DCD

Knürr DCL

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Liebert DM

LiebertHPS

Rack and In Row

Liebert DSE

Room/Perimeter Cooling

Liebert PEX DX & CHW

Liebert HPC M

Building Free Cooling Chillers Liebert

AFC

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