data acquisition card for labview
DESCRIPTION
this is report of my third year mini project its data acquisition card which can acquire data from any sensor which gives output in 1mv to 5v range.TRANSCRIPT
1
T.E. Project Report
On
Data Acquisition Card forLabVIEW
Submitted by,
Gayatri Gote (T80023053)
Megha Pardhi (T80023120)
Sayali Shirode (T80023174)
Project Guide:
Prof. Alwin Anuse ( Internal Guide)
TE Div :I
Year: 2013-2014
Maharashtra Institute of Technology, Pune – 38.
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication
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CERTIFICATE MAEER’s
MAHARASHTRA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PUNE.
This is to certify that the project entitled
Data Acquisition Card forLabVIEW
has been carried out successfully by
Gayatri Gote (T80023053)
Megha Pardhi (T80023120)
Sayali Shirode (T80023174)
during the Academic Year 2013-2014 in partial fulfillment of their
course of study for third year in Electronics and
Telecommunication asper the syllabus prescribed by the
University of Pune.
Prof. Alwin Anuse Prof. Dr. G. N. Mulay
Internal Guide Head Of Department
(Electronics & Telecommunication)
MIT, Pune
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Project Abstract
Industrial PC I/O interface products have becomeincreasingly reliable, accurate and
affordable. PC-baseddata acquisition and control systems are widely used in industrial
andlaboratory applications like monitoring, control, data acquisition andautomated testing.
Selecting and building a DA&C (Data Acquisition and Control) systemthat actually does
what you want it to do requires some knowledge ofelectrical engineering.It includes
Transducers and actuators, Signal conditioning, Data acquisition and control
hardware,Computer systems software.
Thus, through this project we have processed, analyzed, stored, and displayed the acquired
data with the help of software.
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INDEX
LIST OF CONTENT Page No
1] Title 1
Certification 2
Project Abstract 3
Index 4
List of figure 5
2] CHAPTER 1 :-
1.1 Introduction 8
1.2 Scope 9
3] CHAPTER 2 :-
2.1 Review of Literature 10
2.2 Present Scenario 10
4] CHAPTER 3 :-
System Development
3.1 Specification 11
3.2 Block Diagram & Description 12
3.3 Complexities Involved 13
3.4 Circuit Diagram& Description 14
5] Modular Design
Hardware Component Selection 15
System Algorithm 17
System Flowchart 18
2
5
6]CHAPTER 4
Testing and simulated waveforms
7] Component List with ratings & Bill of Materials 19
7.1 Conclusion 19
8] Appendix
8.1 Artwork/Layout20
8.2 Datasheet 21
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LIST OF FIGURES
1. Data Acquisition System 7
2. NI DAQ 9
3. Pin outDiagram of DAQ 10
4. Circuit Board 11
5. Block Diagram 14
6. Circuit Diagram 15
7. Pin diagram of LM7805 17
8. OP07 17
9. MAX232 IC 18
10. DAC0808 18
11. System Flowchart 20
12. Front Panel and Back Panel-VI21
13. Testing waveforms 22, 23
14. Artwork Layout 26
7
CHAPTER 1:
Introduction
Traditionally, measurements are done on stand alone instruments of various types-
oscilloscopes, multi meters, counters etc. However, the need to record the measurements and
process the collected data for visualization has become increasingly important.
There are several ways in which the data can be exchanged between instruments and a
computer. Many instruments have a serial port which can exchange data to and from a
computer or another instrument. Use of GPIB interface board (General purpose
Instrumentation Bus) allows instruments to transfer data in a parallel format and gives each
instrument an identity among a network of instruments.
Another way to measure signals and transfer the data into a computer is by using a Data
Acquisition board. A typical commercial DAQ card contains ADC and DAC that allows
input and output of analog and digital signals in addition to digital input/output channels.
Scope
8
Project can be used in the areas where data acquisition is necessary like in greenhouse
controller, medical systems.With further development,can be used for complex and specific
industrial applications.
Advantages of using LabVIEW
9
CHAPTER 2:
Review of Literature
IEEE papers
Experimental Characterization of the MIMO wireless channel:
Data acquisition and analysis
The AVR Microcontroller and embedded system using assembly and C -Muhammad Ali
Mazidi
Sarmad Naimi
Sepehr Naimi
Programming and Customizing the AVR microcontroller-Dhananjay.V.Gadre
Websites
www.avrfreaks.com Study of ATmega32 literature and its coding
www.datasheetcatalog.com Datasheet of components
PRESENT SCENARIO: At present there is a DAC card available from
National instruments named as NI ADC 6008/6009 series. But these cards are
so costly that they cannot be made part of low cost projects.
NI DAC 6009
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CHAPTER 3
SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT:
ANALOG INPUT
Converter type Successive approximation
Analog input 4 channel , single ended
Input range 0-5 Volts
Working voltage 9 Volts, 500mA
ANALOG OUTPUT
Analog output 2
Output range 0-5 Volts
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Dimensions 18cm x 12.5cm
CONNECTIVITY
RS232 Serial Communication
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3.1.SPECIFICATIONS:-
A.POWER SUPPLY:-
1. Operating voltage for sensors- 9 V
2. Operating voltage for microcontroller,DAC,MAX232- 5 V
B.SENSORS:-
For voltage range 0-1 V apply a gain of 3.
For range exceeding above 1 V apply the output directly.
C.OP07:-
Gain for sensors operating at 0-1 V is obtained by selecting input resistance R1=100ohms
and feedback resistance Rf=300ohms.
Thus,gain=Rf/R1=300/100=3.
D.ATmega32:-
Operating voltage is 5 V.
32Kbytes-flash memory
Internal 10 bit ADC
E.DAC 0808:-
8 bit DAC
F.Serial Communication:-
RS232 with baud rate as 4800bps.
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LabVIEW
Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation Engineering Workbench
• Platform independent nature.
• LabVIEW can communicate with any instrument that connects to your computer if
you know the interface type
• Use the Measurement & Automation Explorer (MAX) to detect, configure, and test
your GPIB interface and instruments
• Graphical approach allows non-programmers to build program easily
• For complex algorithm expertise in LabVIEW syntax is needed.
• LabVIEW runtime engine
– Reduces compile time
– Provides consistent interface to various OS
• Acquire, Analyze , Present
LabVIEW Programming
Strings Front Panel Objects
Numeric Numerics
Waveforms Thermometer
Dynamic data types Gages
Loops Control
While loops Indicator
For loops Graphs
Accessing previous node data Charts
Arrays
Clusters
Decisions
Select function
Case structures
Constants
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3.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM:
Block diagram consist of sensors, signal conditioning system, microcontroller-atmega32,
Max232,DAC0808 and power supply. Basically the sensor is a device which converts
physical quantity in electrical signal like voltage and current. In this project the output of
sensor is given to signal conditioning system which consists of amplifier (OP07) of gain 3 .
And further it is given to microcontroller (ATmega32) which consists of internal
ADC(10Bit).After conversion of this electrical signal into digital , it is transmitted serially via
max232.
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Circuit Diagram:
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION:-
Above fig. shows the circuit diagram for data acquisition card. Basically we have considered
4 channels out of which 2 of them are used for sensors providing voltage range as 0-1 V
which requires to be amplified. So they are applied to OP07 which provides gain of 3.For
sensors exceeding range of 1 V are directly applied to ATmega32.OP07 operates at 9 V
provided by battery which is further applied to LM7805 i.e a regulator IC since the
operating voltage of the remaining circuitry is 5 V.The output of sensor is applied to port A
which is converted to digital data at port B since ATmega32 consists of internal ADC. Digital
data obtained from port B is applied to DAC0808 so as to get analog output. Further the data
is serially transmitted to PC by serial communication circuitry.
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3.3 Complexities involved
We face the challenge of implementing unique sensor interface designs everytime a new and
different sensor is selected which is troublesome because every sensor provides output in
parameters like voltage, current, resistance and it involves universal signal conditioning.
Universal Signal Conditioning IC SSP1492 is not easily available.
So the solution for this problem is that we have considered the sensors which provide voltage
output only. If we want to use sensors that provide output in parameter other than voltage
then user has to use special circuitry which converts output parameter into voltage.
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Modular Design
A.POWER SUPPLY
9 V through battery for sensors. Operating voltage for remaining circuitry is 5 V so it is
obtained by regulator IC 7805.
C.SIGNAL CONDITIONING
AD620
AD620AN - AD620 Ins
OP07
Low VOS: 75 µV Max
Low VOS Drift: 1.3 µV/°C Max
Ultrastable vs. Time: 1.5 µV/Month Max
Low Noise: 0.6 µV p-p Max
Wide Input Voltage Range: ±14 V
Wide Supply Voltage Range: ±3 V to ±18 V
Fits 725, 108A/308A, 741, AD510 Sockets
125°C Temperature-Tested Dice
D.MAX232:
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For Low-Voltage, +3.0V to +5.5V, Low-Power,
Up to 1Mbps, True RS-232 Transceivers
Using Four 0.1µF External Capacitors
Battery-Powered
RS-232Systems
Interface Translation
Low-Power Modems
Multidrop RS-232
Networks
Portable Computing
:
E. DAC0808:
Relative Accuracy: ±0.19% error maximum
Full scale current match: ±1 LSB typical
Fast Settling Time: 150 ns typical
Noninverting digital inputs are TTL and CMOS compatible
Power Supply Voltage Range: ±4.5V to ±18V
Low power consumption: 33 mW @ ±5V
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SYSTEM ALGORITHM
1. Start
2. Initialize ADC and USART. Enable serial transmission
3. Check for any input from signal conditioning circuit to channel 1-channel 4 of
ADC
4. If any data is present on channel convert it into digital form
5. Store the converted data in a variable
6. Check if UDR register is ready to transmit
7. Send data to UDR register for serial transmission
8. Receive data in LabVIEW through serial transmission
9. Display data of selected channel
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CHAPTER 4:Testing and waveforms
Output waveforms for Testing done for temperature sensor LM 35. For Room Temperature
,increasing temperature and decreasing temperature respectively.
Output Waveform when temperature is constant
Output Waveform for increasing temperature
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COMPONENT LIST
No. Part Name Quantity Amount
1. LM35 1 50
2. LDR 1 10
3. OP07 3 15
4. Power supply-9 V 1 40
5. LM7805 1 12
6. ATmega32 1 250
7. MAX232 1 40
8. DAC0808 1 100
9. RS232 cable 1 100
10. USB to serial converter 1 250
11. USB cable 1 80
12. DB 9 connector 1 18
12.
Capacitors-10uF
-100nF
-22pF
6
3
2
45
13. Resistors 6 6
14. XTAL-16Mhz 1 10
15. PCB 1 350
16. Others 200
Total 1576
FUTURE SCOPE
Wireless module
On chip memory
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Mobile application
Continuous operation for various sensors
Compatible between hardware and software-no need of drivers since serial
transmission.
CONCLUSION:
Thus, through this project we have processed, analyzed, stored, and displayed the acquired
data with the help of software.
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DATASHEETS
OP07
FEATURES Low VOS: 75 µV maximum
Low VOSdrift: 1.3 µV/°C maximum
Ultrastable vs. time: 1.5 µV per month maxLow noise: 0.6 µV p-p maximum
Wide input voltage range: ±14 V typical
Wide supply voltage range: ±3 V to ±18 V
125°C temperature-tested dice
APPLICATIONS Wireless base station control circuits
Optical network control circuits
Instrumentation
Sensors and controls
Thermocouples
Resistor thermal detectors (RTDs)
Strain bridges
Shunt current measurements
Precision filters
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DAC0808
Relative accuracy:±0.19% error maximum
Full scale current match:±1 LSB typ
Fast settling time: 150 ns typ
Noninverting digital inputs are TTL and CMOS
compatible
High speed multiplying input slew rate: 8 mA/µs
Power supply voltage range:±4.5V to±18V
Low power consumption: 33 mW@±5V
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MAX232
Meets or Exceeds TIA/EIA-232-F and ITU
Recommendation V.28
Operates From a Single 5-V Power Supply
With 1.0-_F Charge-Pump Capacitors
Operates Up To 120 kbit/s
Two Drivers and Two Receivers
30-V Input Levels
Low Supply Current ...8 mA Typical
ESD Protection Exceeds JESD 22
2000-V Human-Body Model (A114-A)
Upgrade With Improved ESD (15-kV HBM)
and 0.1-_F Charge-Pump Capacitors is
Available With the MAX202
Applications
TIA/EIA-232-F, Battery-Powered Systems,
Terminals, Modems, and Computers
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ATmega32
Features
• High-performance, Low-power Atmel® AVR® 8-bit Microcontroller
• Advanced RISC Architecture
– 131 Powerful Instructions – Most Single-clock Cycle Execution
– 32 x 8 General Purpose Working Registers
– Fully Static Operation
– Up to 16 MIPS Throughput at 16 MHz
– On-chip 2-cycle Multiplier
• High Endurance Non-volatile Memory segments
– 32Kbytes of In-System Self-programmable Flash program memory
– 1024Bytes EEPROM
– 2Kbyte Internal SRAM
– Write/Erase Cycles: 10,000 Flash/100,000 EEPROM
– Data retention: 20 years at 85°C/100 years at 25°C
– Optional Boot Code Section with Independent Lock Bits
In-System Programming by On-chip Boot Program
True Read-While-Write Operation
– Programming Lock for Software Security
(1)
• JTAG (IEEE std. 1149.1 Compliant) Interface
– Boundary-scan Capabilities According to the JTAG Standard
– Extensive On-chip Debug Support
– Programming of Flash, EEPROM, Fuses, and Lock Bits through the JTAG Interface
• Peripheral Features
– Two 8-bit Timer/Counters with Separate Prescalers and Compare Modes
– One 16-bit Timer/Counter with Separate Prescaler, Compare Mode, and Capture
Mode
– Real Time Counter with Separate Oscillator
– Four PWM Channels
– 8-channel, 10-bit ADC
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8 Single-ended Channels
7 Differential Channels in TQFP Package Only
2 Differential Channels with Programmable Gain at 1x, 10x, or 200x
– Byte-oriented Two-wire Serial Interface
– Programmable Serial USART
– Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface
– Programmable Watchdog Timer with Separate On-chip Oscillator
– On-chip Analog Comparator
Special Microcontroller Features
– Power-on Reset and Programmable Brown-out Detection
– Internal Calibrated RC Oscillator
– External and Internal Interrupt Sources
– Six Sleep Modes: Idle, ADC Noise Reduction, Power-save, Power-down, Standb
and Extended Standby
• I/O and Packages
– 32 Programmable I/O Lines
– 40-pin PDIP, 44-lead TQFP, and 44-pad QFN/MLF
• Operating Voltages
– 2.7V - 5.5V for ATmega32L
– 4.5V - 5.5V for ATmega32
• Speed Grades
– 0 - 8MHz for ATmega32L
– 0 - 16MHz for ATmega32
• Power Consumption at 1 MHz, 3V, 25 C
– Active: 1.1mA
– Idle Mode: 0.35mA
– Power-down Mode: < 1µA
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LM7805
3-Terminal Regulators
Output Current up to 1.5 A
Internal Thermal-Overload Protection
High Power-Dissipation Capability
Internal Short-Circuit Current Limiting
Output Transistor Safe-Area Compensation