daoism
TRANSCRIPT
Dao jiao: Dao religion
Dao jia: Dao philosophy
TWO SCHOOLS
Taoism is China's native religion (as opposed to Buddhism)
Taoism originated in the ancient spirit worship, originated in the Yellow Emperor
has a history of about 190
Daojiao (religion)
Dao jia (philosophy)
Founder of the Daojia
At the time of Confucius
Author of the Daode jing (Classic of the Way and Its Power)
Laozi
Legend says that
was the Emperor's archivist(record keeper — a prestigious and important positionroughly equivalent to the Attorney General in today's United States Presidential cabinets)
About Lao zi
Confucius once visited him
Asked for advice on rites
Has been used as a proof that Daoism is better than Confucianism
---he set out to leave the country. At the western wall he was detained by a guard who recognized him and refused to let him pass until he wrote down his wisdom. He did it in one sitting, left and was never heard from again.
-someone simply compiled bits and pieces of ancient folk wisdom into the eighty-one short verses which make up the Dao De Jing
How Dao de jing was written
5467 Chinese characters
81 chapters
none of these is (in English translation) more than a page in text
Dao de jing
suggestions for the Emperor (leader)
Follow in order to rule (or lead)
Prime Directive; The most effective course of action is always...
to do nothing! (wu wei) Govern as you would cook small fish.
The goal of the governing is
To establish a peaceful, harmonious and well-ordered society
Same as Confucianism, but through a different approach
Universe//its own way
Tian heavenTianzi, tian xia
Ren people action, reformCultivation
Wu wei Non-doing, non-action Action of non-action Going with the flow - able to respond perfectly to whatever
situations arise.
Dao – generates one
One –yin and yang
From yin and yang The universe came into
being
Creation of universe
Dao the way
One
universe
Dao is possessed by all things
Dao is the standard for the ideal life society and government
When dao is manifested in things, it becomes de (virtue)
Dao and de
—everything exists in its own way, if we interfere with it, it will cause trouble
For us
The highest virtue is to act without a sense of selfThe highest kindness is to give without a conditionThe highest justice is to see without a preference
Developer of Dao jia philosophy
Author of Zhuang zi
Mystical and closely linked with nature
Equalizing all things and all opinions
One need to be in harmony with things
Achieve oneness
Confucianism
Proactive/action
Focus on society
Cultivation/education
To be one with heaven/perfection
Comparison
Daosim
No-action wu wei Universe and
individual Ignorant /non
government
To be one with nature
Soft tongue, Hard teeth
teeth bite the tongue marathon runner
after death, only hard bones left Flesh corrupted The way to survive
The king lost the bow, it would be found by people of Chu.
Confucius said The king lost the bow, It would be found by People
Laozi said: why people,Just say: the bow is lost,But would be found.
The Bow of the king of Chu
Taoism is the most revolutionised philosophy Confucianism is the most moderate
philosophy
Confucianism: Tian (tian xia, tianzi )
Taoism: dao the way of universe, tian and di are united and decided by dao