danilo piaggesi, director ,international knowledge economy program ( ikep ),

[[email protected]]

The Triple Helix model for an e-Governance Good Practice in Brazil :

The Center of Excellence in ICT in favor of People with Disabilities (CETI-D)

Danilo Piaggesi, Director ,International Knowledge Economy Program (IKEP),

Managing Director, Fondazione Rosselli Americas (FRA)USA

Millennium Institute and Crossover Project:

Transatlantic Research on Policy Modeling

WorkshopJanuary 28th and 29th 2013,

Washington DC, USA

[[email protected]] The triple helix

modelIn the present knowledge society, we

are experiencing a convergence and crossing-over of three worlds which were previously separated:

public research, business and governments; this convergence is represented by the Triple Helix

model2


modelThe Triple Helix model refers to a

spiral model of innovation that captures multiple reciprocal

relationships among institutional settings (public, private and

academic) at different stages in the capitalization of knowledge

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modelThe Triple Helix model could be a new

paradigm of development that, when applied along with a good ICT

infrastructure and mindset, could help achieving a more fair distribution of

digital dividends to developing countries, reducing the digital divide

and attaining the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

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[[email protected]] The KE

Today's global economy is one in transition to a Knowledge Economy, that is, an

interconnected, globalized economy where knowledge resources such as know-how, expertise and intellectual

property are as critical as other economic resources such as land, natural resources,

or even manpower.

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The Knowledge Economyis characterized by the recognition of

knowledge as a source of competitiveness, where value lies in

new ideas, services and networks, using ICT as an instrument,

not as an end in itself.

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• The technological and economic changes of the globalized world offer great opportunities for developing economies and poverty reduction.

• The KE has a pivotal role in propagating sustainable economic growth through the promotion of exports, the improved functioning of markets and the efficiency of government services.

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0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

PIB

real

per

cap

ita (2

000

US$

)

South Korea

Brazil

GDP per Capita: Brazil vs Korea

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Difference in result due to the accumulation of knowledge in Korea

Difference in result due to capital and job increase in Korea


Korea was an early adapter to the KE. 40 years ago Korea and Brazil had the same GDP. Today,

Korea’s GDP is 4,7 that of Brazil.

Korea made huge investments in knowledge-based sectors: making better use of it; using accumulated knowledge (local and imported);

developing skills and innovation.

Improving the effective use of its knowledge potential holds great promise for Brazil’s social

and economic growth and development.9


Knowledge Economy (KE) is defined as the added, non-monetary value that society accrues from increased access to data, information and knowledge, using a solid ICT infrastructure.

Capturing and quantifying the value represented by such knowledge and introducing it as a factor in decision

making, is what the Knowledge Economy is about .

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KE added value is realized througha concerted effort to capture, analyze, evaluate and disseminate Knowledge

(institutional, cultural, indigenous, etc), and feed it back to the development investment operator and the communities themselves.

KE aims to make Knowledge a valuable instrument for economic development, fostering sustainable

economic growth and reducing poverty, while promoting excellence, innovation and equity.

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The KE uses five instruments, known as its “pillars”:InnovationEducation

ICTSocial inclusion

Habilitating policy and institutional regimes

The virtuous cycle produced by simultaneous and seamless investments in these five pillars converts

knowledge into a tangible asset

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[[email protected]]

The 5 pillars of KE

InterconnectedInterdependent

ICT

EDUCATION

INNOVATION

POLICIES & INSTITUTION

S

SOCIAL INCLUSION

Organizations tap into stock

of global knowledge & adapt it, or create new knowledge

An educated & skilled

population can better use knowledge effectively

Facilitate effective

communication, dissemination & processing of

information

Without social inclusion there can be growth,

but not development

To provide incentives for the

creation and dissemination of

knowledge

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Patents issued by USA versus other countries

Note: Two Different scales are used on the same graphSource: IADB (2006): Education, Science and Technology in Latin America and the Caribbean. A Statistical Compendium of Indicators

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Scientific and technical journal articles x 100,000 inhabitants

Note: Two Different scales are used on the same graphSource: IADB (2006): Education, Science and Technology in Latin America and the Caribbean. A Statistical Compendium of Indicators

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[[email protected]] The KE & PwD

The challenges:•People with disabilities represent approximately one sixth of the working age population globally and continue to be un-employed and under –employed compared to their nondisabled peers.•In the USA 29% of students with any disability have a learning disability•ICT are opening whole new hosts of opportunity and making education, employment, health, public services, etc. available to the average citizen throughout the world•But ICT are not generally accessible for Pwd

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…. cont. The challenges

•Web-pages that do not meet accessibility guidelines create barriers to student with disabilities. •Inaccessible web-based recruiting systems present an employment roadblock for PwD that prevents them from using a primarily visually-oriented, point and click environment.•Being outside the net means being information poor, being cut from alternative education, health and other public services, thus establishing a pattern of inequality.•Impact of this isolation is particularly damaging in poor countries, where economic limitations reduce the exposure of PwD to progress in ICT, innovation and R&D. 18


The instruments used by the KE can be applied successfully to improve the quality of life and inclusion of

PwD in our society.The KE synoptic approach

multiplies the impact of individual policies focusing on the needs PwD.

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[[email protected]] The KE & PwD• Innovation is at the base of R&D applied to the

specific needs of PwD.• Education –formal and non-formal– accelerates the

incorporation of PwD in society.• ICT is a key interface between PwD and their

environment.• Better interface & greater opportunities mean greater

social inclusion.• To ensure social inclusion, to fund innovation, to make

education accessible to all PwD, to open markets for PwD-oriented ICT, policies and institutions tailored for these purposes are needed.

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Tackling social inclusion through the concept of the KE means applying its instruments

simultaneously and coherently to achieve outcomes such as:

Accessibility to public & private servicesPersonal mobility

Health and education Employment

Habilitation and rehabilitationParticipation in political and social life

Fostering a life of equality and non-discrimination

The KE approach can add an economic dimension to the inclusion of PwD in society.

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PwD are a sector of society whose special capabilities and specific Knowledge prospects remain untapped,

and whose potential contribution to economic and social growth is underestimated and under-realized.

Given adequate means through a KE-based project, PwD can participate actively in:

Knowledge generationKnowledge management

Knowledge utilizationKnowledge transmission

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[[email protected]] The KE & e-

GovernanceAn e-Governance strategy ( a governance using ICT) that

utilizes a comprehensive KE approach to address disparities in access to educational, employment and social opportunities for

the PwD would require:

Governmental initiatives and engagement of policy makers under a triple helix model

Educational initiativesInstitutional changes leading to improved

employer policiesEconomic development initiatives

Support for needed research23

[[email protected]] Macro level

scenarios a) Derived from the triple-helix model --cooperation between

government/industry (private sector)/academia:

• Attract additional investment to the PwD sector, thus multiplying the impact of government expenditure in this sector

• Greater efficiency in the utilization of those financial & human resources that are applied to the PwD sector: (i) academia would produce experts in fields where there is immediate demand, avoiding dispersion of efforts; (ii) industry would generate services and products that respond to government policy, can be absorbed by demand created by government investment, and which are known to future practitioners and students; and (iii) government focuses its investment in those areas where it can have the greatest impact.

• Attract international support to efficient projects, which: (i) would funnel yet additional resources to the PwD sector; and (ii) would greatly accelerate the pace of technology innovation

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[[email protected]] Macro level

scenariosb) Derived from the application of the KE

architecture:

• Government policies in different fields converge to generate more focused, successful and durable interventions

• Labor force (PwD) that would not have otherwise participated in local economies join the markets

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[[email protected]] São Paulo’s CETID

São Paulo’s SEDPcD

(Secretariat for the Rights of the Person with Disability) has launched the creation of the

Centre of Excellence in Technology and Innovation for the social inclusion of PwD

(CETID)to address the challenges identified earlier and tackle

social inclusion using theconcept and instruments of the KE,

in the context of a State-sponsored e-Governance strategy

implemented in accordance to the triple helix model. 26


CETID WILL OPERATE AS:•A promoter of technology and innovation applied to PwD, particularly in:

Microelectronics; Opto-electronics; Material technologies; Mechanical and production engineering; Rehabilitation and biomedical engineering relevant

to disability.•A supporter of the application of ICT to the social inclusion of PwD, under a triple helix model.

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… cont. CETID will operate as:

•A bridge between public research, business and governments (triple helix model)•A facilitator of market information, better services, access to education, and access to learning of new skills to enhance employability.•A certification agency for innovation-rich products and services for PwD.•An incubator of new projects.

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[[email protected]] São Paulo’s CETIDCETID will use KE instruments to promote social inclusion of PwD through their active participation in the economy, raising productivity at the same time as creating social benefits.To do that, CETID will be organized to cover:

Industrial innovation for special needs Innovative labor market for special

needs Social and infrastructure adaptations

for the integration of PwD29

[[email protected]]

DANILO PIAGGESI

Director, International Knowledge Economy Program (IKEP)

Managing Director, Fondazione Rosselli Americas (FRA)A low-ecological footprint, non-for-profit organization

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Postal address:

6005 Grove DriveAlexandria,VA 22307USA

Email:

[email protected] ; [email protected];[email protected] ID:danilop4456

Telephones:

+1 202 3511149 (main)+1 301 2333095 (mobile)

mailto:[email protected]




danilo piaggesi, director ,international knowledge economy program ( ikep ),

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