CASE PRESENTATION ON

CYSTITIS IN SHEEP

VCP-411

SUBMITTED BY:

NANCY JASROTIA

( VB-2K11-1067)

CASE NO : 1457

HISTORY TAKINGPATIENT DATA : • Owner’s name & Address:

Majid shah, R/O Khalmulla • Species & Breed:

Ovine , Crossbred• Sex & Age :

Female , 2 .5 yrs

HISTORY OF THE PATIENT:• unable to void urine completely• oligouria w/ frequent micturition • anorexia• water intake was unaltered…………………………….since last 24 hrs

EXAMINATION OF THE PATIENT

• Straddling gait

• Urinating posture was maintained for some time even after urination had actually ceased

• pollakiuria

PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:

• Temp : 102.6 oF

• H/R :80 beats/min

• R/R :16 breaths/min

• Mucus membrane :slightly pink

• Rumen motility: nil

• Abdomen felt distended upon palpation

LABORATORY INVESTIGATION:

• urine pH : 7.5

• Rumen pH: 7.1

• Colour of urine: dark straw colored

FINAL DIAGNOSIS :CYSTITIS

TREATMENT:

• Inj. Enrocin

3ml I/M OD X 5 days

• Bol. Bovirum

1 boli BID p/o X 3 days

• Inj. Spasmovet

2ml I/M OD X 2 days

Animal recovered from the disease …..

CYSTITIS

• Inflammation of the urinary bladder which is usually characterized clinically by frequent ,painful urination and the presence of blood , inflammatory cells and bacteria in the urine

ETIOLOGY : • Trauma & tumor • Infection

-bacterial pathogens : E.coli , Staphylococcus ,Streptococcus in small animals , C. renale in cattle,

Eubacterium renale in pigs, Haemophilushaemoglobinophilus in dogs.

• Common associations : - cystic calculus - difficult parturition- contaminated catheterization- as a sequel to paralysis of bladder- late pregnancy

PATHOGENESIS :

• Normally , there is bladder wash out .

• In case of disease :FACTOR(S) :

TRAUMA, TUMOR ,etc….

RETENTION OF URINE

MICROBIAL MULTIPLICATION

INVASION OF BLADDER EP. ,SHEDDING & HAEMMORHAGE

LARGE NO. OF PUS CELLS, W.B.C., R.B.C. IN URINE

CLINICAL FINDINGS:

• Dull & depression

• Frequent desire to urinate

• pollakiuria

• oligouria

• Stranguria

• dysuria

• Palpation of bladder will reveal painful condition

• straddling gait

In case of a bacterial component :

-systemic signs including lethargy and anorexia

Chronic case : similar signs but less marked

CLINICAL PATHOLOGY :Acute cystitis:• pyuria ,cloudy urine• Haematuria • Ammonia odour of urine• Turbid urine (in less severe case)• bacteriuria

Chronic cystitis:• Polypoid cystitis:

polypoid like projections from the mucosa that resemble neoplasms• Emphysematous cystitis• Feline idiopathic cystitis

- no gross abnormality in urine

Microscopically : - presence of erythrocytes, leukocytes & desquamatedepithelial cells in urine sediment .

DIAGNOSIS: • Clinical findings • Urine analysis:

physical examination –o urine volume: decreasedo colour: dark red to browno transparency : cloudyo specific gravity: high

chemical examination-o pH : alkalineo benzidine test for blood detection : - haematuriao presence of epithelial cells , pus,bacteria

• Ultrasound : to identify pathology • Cystogram using air or contrast media

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS:

• Cystic urolithiasis

- urine voided in drops

• Pyelonephritis

- lesions in the kidney

LINE OF TREATMENT :

(3) procedures :

1. removal of causative factor

2. flush out the pathogenic org.

3. combatment of infection

• removal of calculi , neoplasm etc.

• Bladder irrigation w/ 1:1000 glycerine –acriflavin . Use of antiseptics like hexamine , etc.

• Urinary acidifiers s/a Na acid phosphate, NH4Cl@40mg/kg B.W.

• Large quantities of fluid ( DNS)

•Urinary antispasmodics

•In –vitro AST

(nitrofurantoin , trimethoprim and sulphadiazineare found to be effective.)

THANK YOU ALL...