cyberlab school robotics workshop

CyberLab Robotics Workshop

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www.cyberlabzone.com

Robotics is the study of the design, construction and use of robots.

What is RoboticsCyberL

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A reprogrammable, multifunctional manipulator design to move material, parts, tools, or specialized devices through various programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks.

An automatic device that performs functions normally ascribed to humans or a machine in the form of a human.

Definition of a RobotCyberL

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Like most things in life, electricity is more complex than you may think. A lot of conditions have to come together to make that little spark. when you touch a doorknob or provide the power to run a computer.

First, you take an electron and protonElectrons are one of the building blocks of nature. Electrons are buddies with another of nature’s building blocks, protons. Electrons and protons are very small and are contained in . . . well, everything. A speck of dust contains millionsand millions of electrons and protons.

Just What Is Electricity?CyberL

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Say that you have a wire (a conductor), and you attach one of its ends to thepositive terminal of a battery and the other end of the wire to the negative terminal of the battery. Electrons then flow through the wire from the negative tothe positive terminal. This flow of electrons is referred to as an electric current.When you combine electrons, a conductor, and voltage you create an electriccurrent in a form that you can use.

They just keep on going: BatteriesA battery uses a process called electrochemical reaction to produce a positivevoltage at one terminal and a negative voltage at the other terminal. The batterycreates these charges by placing two different metals in a certain type ofchemical.

An important combo: Electrons, conductors, and voltage

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Batteries produce a voltage that drives an electric current. Generators at dams drive a current that produces a voltage.

Which comes first?This is like asking yourself the well-known question about the chicken and egg. Voltage, currents, and conductors all work together. If there is a voltage applied across a conductor, electric current flows. If you have an electric current flowing through a conductor, there will be voltage across the conductor.

Bottom line: Don’t worry about which comes first.

Which came first, voltage or current?

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When we connect some electronic component to each other then we get a Circuit.

These circuit are two type - Series Circuit - Parallel Circuit

What is Circuit CyberL

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In series each component has the same current.

The battery voltage is divided between the two lamps.

Each lamp will have half the battery voltage if the lamps are identical.

Series CircuitCyberL

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In parallel each component has the same voltage.

Both lamps have the full battery voltage across them.

The battery current is divided between the two lamps.

Parallel CircuitCyberL

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LED torch and Circuit diagramCyberL

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LEDs emit light when an electric current passes through them.

LEDs are available in red, orange, amber, yellow, green, blue and white.

[LED] Light Emerging DiodeCyberL

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A device having resistance to the passage of an electric current . Resistors can be either fixed or variable. In a fixed resistor, the resistance never varies. In a variable resistor, the resistance can be changed.

Circuit SymbolExample :

Limiting current to another component:light emitting diodes (LEDs), eat up current. But LEDs run into a problem they burn themselves out if they eat too much current. You can use a resistor to limit the amount of current that reaches an LED.

Reducing voltage to part of the circuit:In many circuits, you need to provide different voltages to different parts of the circuit. You can do this easily with resistors.

ResistorCyberL

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A Device that detects or measure a physical property and records ,indicates or otherwise responds to it.

Example : IR SensorAcoustics sensorPressure sensor

SensorCyberL

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Series-Parallel CombinationComponents Value Quantity

SERIESResistance 220 ohms 1LED Red 2

PARALLELResistance 220 ohms 2LED Red 2

Component ListCyberL

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Component ListComponents Value Quantity

Resistance 220 ohms 2

1 K 2

10 K 4

Wire Ribbon 1

Batteries 1.5v 4

Transistor BC 547 2

Connector 2 pin M/F 3 each

3 pin M/F 2each

Switch SPST 2

Toggle 1

Motor Geared 2

Wheels 2

Line following and autonomous Robot

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IR Led: The basic function of IR led is to emit Infra Red light it's a low

wavelength light which is not visible. It is a blue color LED assembled in your PCB.

IR Rays can be detected by camera phone.

IR Sensor: IR Sensor is a kind of light dependent resistance whose value depends upon the amount of IR incident.

Description of the ComponentsCyberL

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Every electronic project comprises of two main and very basic parts without which no electronic model can be prepared.

MECHANICAL PARTELECTRONIC PART

COMPONENTS AT A GLANCE


MECHANICAL PART1.Mica Board2.Castors3.Geared Motors4.Wheels


. ResistorsLight Emitting Diode (LED)General Purpose BoardPrinted Circuit BoardTransistors 6JR LED

Connecting WiresCapacitorsMosfetsBatteries or Cells 1 1 . Battery Connector 1 2. SPST Switch 13.Toggle Switch

ELECTRONIC PART


cyberlab school robotics workshop

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