cxc spanish v

8/3/2019 Cxc Spanish V

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CXC SPANISH

CREADOR: Neville McBean

Feliz compleaos senora Johnson

http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=Z7R-QkOXgcU&feature=related
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Topics

1. Alphabet

2. Saying hello and goodbye

3. Greetings and responses

4. Farewells5. Introductions in among peers

6. Addressing persons in formal andsocial occasion etc...

7. Beginning and ending of letters


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Topics

8. Holiday greetings

References:

http://www.studyspanish.com/lesso

ns/verb-flashcards.htm http://www.lingolex.com/spanish.ht

m

http://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/courses/

alfabeto.htm
http://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/verb-flashcards.htmhttp://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/verb-flashcards.htmhttp://www.lingolex.com/spanish.htmhttp://www.lingolex.com/spanish.htmhttp://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/courses/alfabeto.htmhttp://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/courses/alfabeto.htmhttp://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/courses/alfabeto.htmhttp://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/courses/alfabeto.htmhttp://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/courses/alfabeto.htmhttp://www.lingolex.com/spanish.htmhttp://www.lingolex.com/spanish.htmhttp://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/verb-flashcards.htmhttp://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/verb-flashcards.htmhttp://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/verb-flashcards.htmhttp://www.studyspanish.com/lessons/verb-flashcards.htm


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El alfabeto en espaol

Introduction

It can be said the Spanish alphabet

contains 27 to 30 letters depending onwhere in the world you are.


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A: aB: be

C: ceD: de

E: eF: efe


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G: geH: hache

I: iJ: jota

K: kaL: ele


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M: emeN: ene

: eeO: oP: pe

Q: cuR: ere (orerre)


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S: ese

T: te

U: uV: uve

W: uve dobleX: equis


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Also in 2010 since the b(be) and v(ve ) are pronounced alike. So various

ways of distinguishing between the

letters were developed, and chancesare you'll still hear them used. For

example, sometimes B is referred to

as be grande ("big B") and the Vas

ve chica ("little V").
http://spanish.about.com/od/spanishpronunciation/a/b.htmhttp://spanish.about.com/od/spanishpronunciation/a/b.htmhttp://spanish.about.com/od/spanishpronunciation/a/b.htmhttp://spanish.about.com/od/spanishpronunciation/a/b.htmhttp://spanish.about.com/od/spanishpronunciation/a/b.htmhttp://spanish.about.com/od/spanishpronunciation/a/b.htmhttp://spanish.about.com/od/spanishpronunciation/a/b.htmhttp://spanish.about.com/od/spanishpronunciation/a/b.htmhttp://spanish.about.com/od/spanishpronunciation/a/b.htmhttp://spanish.about.com/od/spanishpronunciation/a/b.htmhttp://spanish.about.com/od/spanishpronunciation/a/b.htmhttp://spanish.about.com/od/spanishpronunciation/a/b.htm


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Saying hello and goodbye

Hola - Hello / Hi

Buenos das - Good Morning

Buenas tardes - Good afternoon /Good evening

Buenas noches - Goodnight Adis - Bye / Goodbye


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Hasta luego - See you later

Hasta pronto - See you soon

Hasta ahora - See you in a minute

Hasta maana - See you tomorrow

Hasta lunes - See you on Monday


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Cmo ests? / Qu tal? - Howare you? / How do you do?

Bien / Muy bien Fine

qu hay? - What's up? / what's

new? qu hay de nuevo? - what's

new?


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Qu pasa? - How's things? / How's

it going? / "What's the matter?"


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meeting someone for the first time

Mucho gusto - Nice to meet you

Encantado - delighted to meet you

(often used if the other person says

Mucho gusto first)

Encantado / Encantado deconocerle. - Pleased to meet you


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A possible introduction might be:

A: Encantado de conocerle.

B: Igualmente no creo tener el gusto de conocerlo -

I dont think weve been introduced


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presentarle a Pablo a Juan - to

introduce Pablo to Juan

Note that in this context we don't say"introducir"

conocer - to meet


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KISSING BESANDO

In South America, Cuba, Puerto Ricaand Spain, it is very common to kiss

people (especially women oropposite sex) when they meet eachother. This is a kiss on one or both

cheeks. Men mainly shake hands.People don't always kiss each other,for example in a business context.


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KISSING BESANDO

"besar. - to kiss

"besar con lengua. - to French kiss"

"Besito - "little kiss" l

Bsame - Kiss me

Dme un beso. - Give me a kiss."besos. - kisses


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KISSING BESANDO

"el beso. - "the kiss

"los besos. - "The kisses

Te quiero besar - I want to kiss you.

"Besotes. - big kisses or big sloppy

kisses similar to the English word"smooches."


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KISSING BESANDO

"beso francs. - "French kiss

Note the more common usage is

"besar con lengua." - "French kiss

"Beso de despedida - "good-byekiss.

Dme un beso de despedida. - Giveme a kiss goodbye.


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LETTERS

An interesting point is that in English

we always use "Dear" to start a letter

even if we are writing to our worstenemy, this would never happen in

Spanish.


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FORMAL LETTERS

Estimado seor / Estimado Sr. Leach:

- Dear Sir / Dear Mr. Leach:

Estimada seora / Estimada Sra.Leach: - Dear Madam / Dear Mrs.

Leach:

Estimada Srta. Leach: - Dear Miss.Leach:


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FORMAL LETTERS

Estimados seores: - Dear Sirs:

Distinguido seor, etc. - Dear Sir:

Muy seor mo/seores mos: (moreformal) - Dear Sir/Sirs:

NOTE: colon (instead of comma)

after name


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FORMAL LETTERS

Le/Les saludo atentamente,Atentamente/Muy atentamente,Atentos saludos de, -

Yours faithfully/sincerely,

Reciba un cordial saludo de, - Yours

truly, / Hats off to you Te saludo, - I salute you!


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FORMAL LETTERS

These can be used to end a letteronce a relationship has beenestablished

En espera de su respuesta, - I lookforward to hearing from you

le/les saludo atentamente, - Yoursfaithfully


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LESS FORMAL LETTERS

These can be used to end a letteronce a relationship has beenestablished

En espera de su respuesta, - I lookforward to hearing from you

le/les saludo atentamente, - Yoursfaithfully


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LESS FORMAL LETTERS

Estimado Pedro: - Dear Pedro,

Estimada Sra. Len: - Dear Mrs.

Len, Un cordial saludo,

Reciba un cordial saludo de, - Yours

truly,/ Hats off to you


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INFORMAL LETTERS

Querido Paco: - Dear Paco,

Un abrazo de,

Un fuerte abrazo,Salud,

Un carioso saludo, - Love


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INFORMAL LETTERS

Bendicin, /Bendiciones, - Blessings

bendito,/ bienventurado, bendecido,

- blessed


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Para/Por Ser/ Estar

Introduction

If you ask an English speaking person

what they think is the most difficultthing in Spanish, they will normally

say SER and ESTAR, the subjunctive,and POR and PARA.


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Para: IN ORDER TO

Para can come before an infinitive

that explains the purpose of themain verb:

In many cases this would answer the

question "What did you do it for?


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Para: IN ORDER TO

Eg. I went to the bank in order to

take out some money.

In English the "para" would betranslated as "to, in order to, so as

to, in order not to, so as not to.


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Para: IN ORDER TO

Fui al banco para sacar dinero. - I went

to the bank to take out some money.

Est ahorrando para comprarse unacasa. - He is saving in order to buy a

house.

Llamar para confirmarlo. - I will call inorder to confirm it.


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Para: IN ORDER TO

Tienes que abrir el sobre con cuidado

para no romper el cheque. - You

have to open the envelope carefullyso as not to damage the cheque.

Cerr la puerta para que no nos

oigan. - I closed the door so that they

wouldn't hear us.


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Para: INTENDED FOR

Para is used for purpose. In these

cases "para" would be translated as

"for, for the purpose of, intended for" Compr una mesa para el salon. - I

bought a table for the living room.

(intended for)


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Para: INTENDED FOR

para qu lo quieres? - What do you

want it for? (for what purpose do

you want it) Un regalo para su novio. - A present

for her boyfriend. (intended for)


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Para: DESTINATION

Salen para Londres. - They are

leaving for London.

empuja para arriba! - push upwards!


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Para: FOR LENGTH OF TIME

Necesito una habitacin para 6

noches. - I need a room for 6 nights.

para siempre - forever


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Para: IN TIME PHRASES TO SPECIFY

A FUTURE MOMENT IN TIME lo necesito para maana! - I need it

by tomorrow! tiene que estar listo para el da 16! -

it have to be ready by the 15th!

La leccin para maana... - The classfor tomorrow


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Para: COMPARISON

Es alto para su edad. - He is tall for

his age.

No sudas mucho para una chica muygrande. - You don't sweat much for a

big lass. a "piropo" (flattering

comment) in the north of England)


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Para: TO BE ABOUT TO

(note in South American they also use

por) Est para llover - It is about to rain


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Por: BECAUSE OF

In general terms: "Por" is used to

explain the reason or cause of an

action. Whereas "para is used toexplain the purpose of an action.

These examples may clarify this.


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Por: BECAUSE OF

Tuvimos que cerrar la ventana para

que no entraran los mosquitos. - We

had to close the windows so that themosquitos wouldn't come in.

Note: that when we use "para que

no" it is normally followed by the

subjunctive.


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Por: BECAUSE OF

El partido, ha quedado cancelada por

la fuerte lluvia rain. - The match was

cancelled due to the heavy. lo conseguimos por ella - we got

it thanks to her. (We got it because of

her)


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Por: BECAUSE OF

Note: If we said "lo conseguimos para

ella It would probably mean "we got it

for her" (so that she could use it) Pinochet sigue hospitalizado por

problemas Cardacos. - Pinochet

remains in hospital due to heartproblems.


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Por: BECAUSE OF

Por ganar la competicin recibi un

premio. - He got a prize for winning

the competition. No lo digo por m. - I am not saying it

for my own sake.


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Por: MOVEMENT THROUGH SPACE

Volar por el aire - Fly through the air

Pasar por el mercado - Go through

the market / Pass through themarket

Pasa por aqu - Come this way


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Por: MOVEMENT THROUGH SPACE

Pasa por all - go that way (over

there)

mir por la ventana - he looked outof the window

P PREPOSITIONS AFTER VERBS OF


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Por: PREPOSITIONS AFTER VERBS OFMOVEMENT

Los aviones volaban por encima del

pueblo. - The planes flew over thevillage.


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Por: WITH THE PASSIVE (BY)

El puente fue construido por los

romanos. - The bridge was built bythe Romans.


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Por: EXPRESSIONS.

There are hundreds of expressions

which use por. Even if you are bored

by the difficulties between "por" and"para" these expressions will come in

very useful.


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Por: EXPRESSIONS

Por Dios! - Oh, my God! (For God'ssake!)

por fin! - at last! por lo menos - at least

dos veces por semana - two times

per week por casualidad - by chance


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Por: EXPRESSIONS

por completo - completely

por escrito - in writing

por una parte - on the one hand

por otra parte - on the other hand

por supuesto - of course

por lo visto - apparently


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Por: EXPRESSIONS

por m - as far as I am concerned

por malo que sea... - however bad it

is... por desgracia... - unfortunatetly

1000 pesetas por barba - 1000pesetas per head


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Por: EXPRESSIONS

me echaron por el desvo - they led

me up the garden path

por eso..... - for this reason....

aprob el examen por los pelos - he

only just passed the exam (he just

scrape through)


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Por: EXPRESSIONS

por lo que he oido - judging by what

I've heard

por qu lloras? - Why are youcrying?

Note: por qu (2 words) is "why" but

porque (1 word) is because


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Por: EXPRESSIONS

por mucho que me ofrecieras, no lohara - I wouldnt do it, howevermuch you offered

perdn por llegar tarde, me queddormido - sorry for arriving late, I

overslept Por favor - please


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Ser/ Estar

Ser and estar can both be translated

as "to be." Here is the English verb,

fully conjugated:


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Ser/ Estar Part I

to be

I am

you arehe/she is

we are

you-all are

they are


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Ser/ Estar Part I

Notice that these two sentences canhave different meanings in English.

The apple is green.(Meaning the apple is not ripe.)

The apple is green.

(Meaning the color of the apple isgreen.)


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Ser/ Estar Part I

In the first case, our example speaks

of the condition of the apple. The

apple is green because it has not yetripened. When the condition of the

apple changes, that is, when it has

ripened, it will no longer be green, itwill be ripe.


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Ser/ Estar Part I

In the second case, our example

speaks of the essential

characteristics of the apple. Theapple is green in color. This particularapple remains green even after it has

ripened.


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Ser/ Estar Part I

In English, the verb "to be" can be

used to tell how something is (the

condition) and what something is(the essence).

How is the apple?It is unripe.


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Ser/ Estar Part I

What color is the apple?It is green.

In Spanish, a different verb is used toexpress "to be" depending on

whether the speaker intends to

address a condition or an essential

quality.


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Ser/ Estar Part I

La manzana est verde.The apple is green. (condition)

La manzana es verde.The apple is green. (essence)


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Ser/ Estar Part I

Note how the adjective "verde"

actually changes meaning,

depending upon whether it is usedwith ser or estar.


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Ser/ Estar Part I

La manzana est verde.(condition: verde = unripe)

La manzana es verde.(essential characteristic: verde =

color green)


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Ser/ Estar Part I

To address condition, use estar. Estar

is an irregular verb. It does not follow

the standard rules of conjugation forregular -ar verbs. Therefore, you

must memorize it.


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Ser/ Estar Part I

To address condition, use estar. Estar

is an irregular verb. It does not follow

the standard rules of conjugation forregular -ar verbs. Therefore, you

must memorize it.


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Ser/ Estar Part I

estar

estoy

estsest

estamos

estis

estn


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Ser/ Estar Part I

To address an essential quality, use

ser. Ser is also irregular and must be

memorized.


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Ser/ Estar Part I

ser

soy

ereses

somos

sois

son


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Ser/ Estar Part I

If you are talking about whatsomething is, use ser; if you are

talking about how something is, useestar.


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Ser/ Estar Part I

What is she like?She is quiet.Use ser:

Ella es callada. How is she acting?

She is being quiet.

Use estar:Ella est callada.

U f


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Uses of ser

the hour, day, and date

place of origin

occupationnationality

religious or political affiliation

the material something is made of

U f


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Uses of ser

possession

relationship of one person to

anothercertain impersonal expressions

where an event is taking place

essential qualities


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Ser and estar (contrasting uses)

When a noun follows the verb, useserWhen an adjective follows the verb,

decide between "essence" and"condition"To tell where something is from, useser

( )


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Ser and estar (contrasting uses)

To tell where something is located

right now, use estar

To tell where an event is taking place,use ser

f


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Uses of estar

geographic or physical location

state or condition

many idiomatic expressionsprogressive tenses

b l h d


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Verb Flashcards

haythere is, there are

V b l h d


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Verb Flashcards

Present Indicative

I speak

I do speakI am speaking

V b Fl h d


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Verb Flashcards

hablar (to speak) hablo

hablashabla

hablamos

hablis hablan

V b Fl h d


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Verb Flashcards

comer (to eat) como

comescome

comemos

comis comen

V b Fl h d


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Verb Flashcards

vivir (to live) vivo

vivesvive

vivimos

vivs viven

V b Fl h d


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Verb Flashcards

tener (to have)venir (to come)

tengo / vengo

tienes / vienestiene / viene

tenemos / venimos

tenis / venstienen / vienen

V b Fl h d


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Verb Flashcards o:ue stem-changers (dormir)

duermo

duermes

duerme

dormimos

dorms

duermen

(almorzar, contar, costar, volver, recordar,volar)

V b Fl h d


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Verb Flashcards e:ie stem-changers (cerrar)

cierro

cierras

cierra

cerramos

cerris

cierran

(comenzar, empezar, entender, pensar, perder,preferir)

V b Fl h d


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Verb Flashcards e:i stem-changers (repetir)

repito

repites

repite

repetimos

repets

repiten

(decir (yo digo), despedir, medir, pedir, servir)

V b Fl h d


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Verb Flashcards

estar, ir, dar estoy - voy - doy

ests - vas - das

est - va - daestamos - vamos - damos

estis - vais - dais

estn - van - dan

V b Fl h d


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Verb Flashcards

Ir a + infinitive To be going to do something

(voy, vas, va, vamos, vais, van)

Verb Flashcards


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Verb Flashcards

Acabar de + infinitive To have just done something

(acabo, acabas, acaba, acabamos,

acabis, acaban)

Verb Flashcards


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Verb Flashcards

Volver a + infinitive To do something again

(vuelvo, vuelves, vuelve, volvemos,

volvis, vuelven)

Verb Flashcards


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Verb Flashcards

A Juan le gusta el libro.A Juan le gustan los libros.

To "like" something

Verb Flashcards


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Verb Flashcards

A Juan le gusta el libro.A Juan le gustan los libros.

To "like" something

Verb Flashcards


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Verb Flashcards

Acabar de + infinitive To have just done something

(acabo, acabas, acaba, acabamos,

acabis, acaban)

Verb Flashcards


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Verb Flashcards

Present Progressive estar + present participle

I am speaking (right now, at this

moment)Never use present progressive forsomething that will occur in the

future.

Verb Flashcards


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Verb Flashcards Present Participle (-ando, -iendo, yendo)

hablar - hablando (-ar)

comer - comiendo (-er)

vivir - viviendo (-ir)decir - diciendo (e:i)

dormir - durmiendo (o:u)

leer - leyendo (orthographic)seguir: siguiendo (orthographic)

Verb Flashcards


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Verb Flashcards 22. caber (to fit) - yo quepo

23. caer (to fall) - yo caigo

24. conducir (to drive) - yo conduzco

25. conocer (to know, to be acquaintedwith) - yo conozco

26. escoger (to choose) - yo escojo

27. dirigir (to direct) - yo dirijo

Verb Flashcards


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Verb Flashcards 28. hacer (to do, to make) - yo hago

29. poner (to put, to place) - yo pongo

30. saber (to know something - a fact)

yo s 31. salir (to leave) - yo salgo

32. seguir (to follow) - yo sigo

33. traer (to bring) - yo traigo

Verb Flashcards


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Verb Flashcards 34. valer (to be worth) - yo valgo

35. ver (to see) - yo veo

Saber vs Conocer

saber: to know (facts, information, howto do something, something by heart)

conocer: to know (to be familiar with

people, places, things)

Gracias por su tiempo

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