cwc –research area activities€¦ · aj/lpd/lpi • simultaneous data link and secure aj voice...

---- Alan KayAlan KayAlan KayAlan Kay

UNIVERSITY OF OULUCentre for Wireless Communications

Creating Wireless World

Your Trusted Partner for Wireless System Research

and System Concept Design

- Alan Kay

OULUN YLIOPISTOCWC-TUTKIMUSKESKUS

SOVELLUKSIA PUOLUSTUSVOIMILLE LANGATTOMIIN TIEDONSIIRTOJÄRJESTELMIIN

JATUTKIMUKSEN TULEVAISUUDEN NÄKYMIÄ

Professori Pentti Leppänen

[email protected]

matkapuh. 0400 586 489

- Alan Kay

CWC – Research Area Activities

Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja

MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.20094

Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) – State-Of-The-Art Facilities



BWA – Current Research Themes• 3G-LTE:

– transceiver algorithms development,

– algorithms prototyping,

– 3G-LTE testers,

– system capacity evalutions.

• IMT Advanced (4G):– flexible spectrum use,

– novel network topologies,

– MIMO-OFDMA related radio resource allocation,

– iterative receiver architectures,

– MIMO channel measurements and modelling.

• Beyond IMT-A:– opportunistic and cognitive wireless networks,

– physical layer adaptation

– radio channel and traffic models.



Short Range Communications (SRC) - Prototyping and Testing New Innovations



SRC – Current Research Themes

• Ultra wideband (UWB) technologies:– co-existence studies,

– location and tracking algorithms,

– WiMedia/ECMA and IEEE 802.15.4a.

• Sensor networks:– heterogeneous, large scale wireless sensor networks,

– energy efficient MAC and routing protocols,

– surveillance monitoring,

– ubiquitous networks,

– demonstrations.

• Medical ICT:– wireless hospital concept including welfare applications,

– wireless measurement and data transmission techniques,

– international co-operation in IEEE 802.15.5.- Alan Kay

CWC – Security and Defence (S&D)

– Complete Solutions for a Demanding Customer


Finnish Air Force Combat Control System(FCCS)

Air Force NCW System in Use: Network and Waveforms

Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n

seminaari, Espoo 28.10.200910

Flexible Software Based Waveforms (FDLWs) for Various Operational Scenarios



Finnish Air Force Data Link System (FAFDL)Networks

• Networks separated by FH codes, FH/CDMA, easy user switching between networks

• Users within network separated with TDMA, easy network capacity reallocation for users

• Wide DS spreading provides AJ/LPD/LPI

• Simultaneous Data Link and Secure AJ Voice


MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.2009 12

The FAFDL Equipment at the Annual National Military Seminar

in Helsinki(Nov. 1st, 2005)

• ”Flying” Prototype of Advanced Data Link System for FDLW5 Waveform

• Proprietary SDR Platform

• Hardware designed for Fighter Environments

• Co-operation between the Finnish Air Force, Telecom Lab/CWC, Patriaand Insta Group


Research within Finnish Software Radio Programme (FSRP)



WAVEFORM CHARACTERISTICS

LPI / LPDPERFORMANCE

ANTI - JAMMINGFEATURES

Operational needs

RELA

TIVE

PE

RFO

RMAN

CE

TRANSMISSION

CAPACITY



Role of CWC in FSRP Programme

• Specification of AWNW tactical communication waveform

- Adaptive Wideband Networking Waveform

• Specification of NTPS tactical positioning system

- National Tactical Positioning Waveform

• Specification of adaptive antenna (AA) system

• Initial specification of demonstrator hardware platform architecture

• Specification of field & laboratory measurement campaings

• Analysis and reporting of measurements

• Further development of the waveforms and AA system

• Specification of uniform SDR base band architecture which can be used for both AWNW and NTPS and can also be used for other waveforms


MERIVTL:n seminaari, Espoo 28.10.2009 16

Adaptive Antenna Array in the measument campaingat Upinniemi Naval Base

Finnish Software Defined Radio Demonstrator



S&D – Current Research Themes

• Adaptive transceiver and waveform design:– multidimensional signal structures for hostile environments,– multiantenna transceiver algorithms and architectures,– SDR architectures.

• Sensor networks:– energy efficient surveillance networks,

– person and object positioning in hostile environments.

• Flexible tactical network topologies:– mobile ad-hoc networks,– mesh networks for hostile environments.



Research Trends on Security & Safety• Wireless Sensor Networks are clearly needed also in the security applications

– Surveillance and protection of limited areas, for example industrial plants, ports and air ports

• Common broadband connection for public safety actors is needed to implement efficient common situational picture!

– Modification of WiMAX might be a starting point where it can be used as a interim solution

– Modification of WLAN could also offer some possibilities for short-range MANETs



Views on Security Area

• In Europe wireless security systems development will be standard-driven, there will be no significant national efforts– Wireless sensor networks will probably be standard-free

• SDR technology fielding:– First to be used to interconnect legacy communication systems

– In the second phase SDR will be fielded to handheld devices as technology maturates within the military SDR development projects

• Cognitive radio technologies will be incorporated well after military



ALANnodes

STANnodes

TARGET

Wak

eup

Wakeup

Wakeup

Wakeup

AL

AR

M

SUSANnodes

ALANnod es

STANnodes

TARG ET

Wak

eup

W a keu p

W akeup

Wakeu p

ALA

RM

S USANnodes

Intruder trackingcan be done byneighbor nets

• The network includes the following parts:

– ALArm Network/node (ALAN)

– Surveillance and TArget tracking Network/node (STAN)

– SUper Secure Access Network/node (SUSAN).Different radio interfaces

Different network topologiesMultiple detectors/sensors

Area Surveillance and Monitoring Network

- Alan Kay

CWC – Ongoing Research & Technology Co-operation on S&D Area in Europe



S&D-tutkimustoiminta EU:n EDAn ja FP7:n puitteissa

• ETARE - Enabling Technology for Advanced Radio in Europe– EDA Ad Hoc Type B, 2,5 vuotta, 480 htkk, kustannusarvio ~6,6 M€ (Suomi

CWC ~850 k€)– CWC:n tutkimustyö 88 htkk, rahoitus 850 k€ (PV 720 k€ ja CWC 130 k€),

aikataulu 31.5.2010 mennessä– tutkimustyö htkk: System requirements 5, Network layer 30, MAC layer

20, PHY layer 22, OFDMA radio access 8– EB+INSTA+Patria, 6+6+6 htkk, tutkimustyö 374 k€ (PV 187 k€ ja

teollisuus 187 k€)

• ESSOR - European Secure Software Defined Radio– EDA Cat B, 5 vuotta, kustannusarvio n. 100 M€– ESSOR-toteutuksen tuki (EB:n ja INDRAn konsultointia)– 400 htt, yhteensä maks. 60 k€ (40 k€ ja matkat), PVTT maksaa, aikataulu

31.03.2010 mennessä

• WOLF - Wireless rObust Link for Field operations– EDA Ad Hoc Type A, EDA Force Protection Joint Investment Programme,

2nd Call– 2 years, ~10 M€, 510 man months (CWC 450 k€)– CWC:n tutkimustyö 39 htkk, rahoitus 450 k€ (EDA 400 k€ ja CWC 50 k€),

aikataulu 30.11.2010 mennessä– tutkimustyö htkk: Urban operational requirements 1, Radio access

definition 13, High data rate SIS definition 10, Waveform SDR implementation analysis 3, WOLF ad-hoc Networking definition 12



ESSOR - European Secure Software Defined Radio

• EDA Cat B programme and estimated budget 100 M€

• Main objectives

– Development of interoperable SDR (2010 – 2015)

– Common security bases to increase interoperability

– Balanced transatlantic relationship on SDR

• Work packages

– CONOPS and technical requirements

– Common architecture and national prototype

– HDR operational coalition waveform

– Security

– Certification environment



ETARE - Enabling Technology for Advanced Radio in Europe

Overview

• EDA Ad Hoc Type B• 2,5 years, 480 man months, ~6,6 M€• Participants

– Thales Italia S.p.A. (TIT)– Thales Communications Belgium SA (TCB)– Thales Communications France (TCF)– University of Rome (ULS), Italy– INRIA, France– University of Oulu, Centre for Wireless Communications (CWC) of Finland

– Elektrobit Ltd (EB) from Finland– Insta Group Ltd (INSTA) from Finland– Patria Ltd (PATRIA) from Finland

• The consortium SLIE is TIT from Italy



ETARE - Enabling Technology for Advanced Radio in Europe

Objectives:• To study and define a HDRN waveform building blocks which can be used

to enhance the waveform which will be developed in ESSOR project

• To involve more actors in the technology base for a European HDRN waveform

• To propose the waveform technologies for the ongoing NATO standardisation process

• The waveform technologies could also be used in national waveforms

Key Principles:• High troughput (some hundred Kbps to some Mbps)

• High flexibility in terms of operational scenario (power control, data rate vs antijam,..)

• High resistance to jamming and interception

• Video, Voice and data services with specific QoS requirements

• TCP/IP interfaces

• Mobile Ad-hoc network, self-configuring



WOLF - Wireless rObust Link for Field operations

Overview

• EDA Ad Hoc Type A• EDA Force Protection Joint Investment Programme, 2nd Call• 2 years, ~10 M€, 510 man months

• Robust inter/intra team communication waveform development, targeted on urban operations.

• Addresses also situational awareness issues in urban operations• Consortium:



WOLF - Wireless rObust Link for Field operations

Existing solutions

3/11/0

Land & Joint Systems

� France:

� SAGEM - FELIN RIF

� Italy

� SELEX – PRR

� THALES – STARMILLE

� Germany

� THALES – SOLAR 400

� United States

� ITT – SPEARNET

� RAYTHEON – MICROLIGHT

� HARRIS – SPR



28

CWC CWC CWC CWC ConfidentialConfidentialConfidentialConfidential

LE-UAV Technology Demonstration Study on Digital Line of Sight (LOS)and Beyond Line of Sight (BLOS) Data Links for Long-Endurance

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles



S&D-tutkimustoiminta EU:n EDAn ja FP7:n puitteissa

• EULER; - EUropean SDR for wireLess in secuRity operations– FP 7 Security Research IP SEC-2007, Activity 4 - Restoring Security & Safety in Case of Crisis, 3 years, ~15 M€ (CWC ~600 k€)

– CWC:n tutkimustyö 33 htkk, rahoitus ~600 k€ (FP7 500 k€ ja CWC 100 k€), aikataulu 80% työstä 30.6.2010 ja 20% työstä31.10.2011 mennessä

– Tutkimustyö htkk: Requirements, State of art and recommendations 4, System architecture 5, SDR wf and related components 4, Dissemination and standardisation 20

– CWC:n tutkimustyö yht. 162,5 htkk, pääosa aikataulullisesti vuoden 2010 syksyyn mennessä

– tutkimustyön rahoitus yht. ~1900 k€, josta CWC:n osuus ~380 k€?



EULER - EUropean SDR for wireLess in secuRity operationsOverwiev

• FP 7 Security Research IP SEC-2007• 3 years, ~15 M€• Participants

– THALES Communications France, France– Indra, Spain– Selex Communications, Italy– Datamat, Italy

– Telespazio, Italy– EADS Secured Networks, France– EADS Secured Networks, Germany– Rohde & Schwarz, Germany– EADS Astrium, United Kingdom

– Prismtech, United Kingdom– T.N.O, The Netherlands– Saab Communications, Sweden– CWC – University of Oulu, Finland

– IMEC, Belgium– University of Budapest, Hungary– Joint research center (JRC) E.U.– University of Pisa, Italy– Elektrobit, Finland

Euler mission:

Leverage software defined radio to bring novel efficient interoperability capabilities to wireless systems used by

security forces when confronted to joint operations in crisis

situations.



EULER - EUropean SDR for wireLess in secuRity operations

Content / Scope

• Topic– Wireless communication for EU crisis management

• The task is to build upon recent efforts on the software defined radio (SDR) architecture standard shared at European level and based upon the software communications architecture (SCA) concepts.

• The work consists of specifying, designing and developing a security referential platform including high data rate waveforms (software defining the services, communication protocols, interfaces, algorithms, security features, spectrum use, etc. for SDR) for security applications.

• The objective is to improve seamless communication between European security organisations and to demonstrate interoperability by means of deploying the SDR concept, architecture, and common information security architecture and defining and validating a new proposal for a security waveform for EU crisis management operations by demonstrating the portability of this security waveform between different referential platforms.

- Alan Kay

CWC/Telecom Laboratory – Research Impact and Achievements



CWC – Research Impact CWC/Telecom Lab’s Role in Fundamental Technology Development

for the Needs of Industry

3G standard technology developed in FRAMES project

199719901986 1999 2007

Proposal for IEEE802.15.3a and related ASIC

2015



CWC – Research Impact (2)Broadband Wireless Access

UMTS standard generation

3G-LTE IMT- Advanced?

Today

1999 200819931990

1996

200319961995



CWC – Research Impact (3) Short Range Communications

NOKIA launched Wibree technology 2007

Patents IR-UWB

UWB ASIC

Today

2000 20041999

UWB ASIC v.2 with international industry

2008

IEEE802.15.3 essential patent



CWC – Research Impact (4) Security and Defence

Finnish Software Radio Demonstrator by Elektrobit led consortium

European Software Radio by European Consortium

Today

2000 200919931988

Tactical radio communication and positioning system for Finnish Navy

1997



European SDRactivities on militaryand security & safetyfields

AWNWNTPS

FAF Data Link

WirelessSensorNetworks

FP 6 & 7

SatcomGNSS

Finnish Air Force Datalink-ECCM Waveform-Common Situational Picture w/ fighters-Secure digital speech-TDMA within net-FHMA with nets-Easy forming of nets-Easy to change the net-In operational use in Finland

Finnish Navy waveforms for command positioning•ECCM w/ FH-DS & advanced signal processing•Data rates from few kbps to Mbps•Structured and MANET modes•HDR, LPI and AJ submodes•Positioning accuracy 5 m under heavy jamming•Implemented on Finnish SDR demo platform

European military waveform•High Data Rate•Adaptive (anti jam, LPI, HDR)‏•MANET: self-forming, self-healing•ECCM functionalities•Effective in RF point of view•Full IPv6 support

European security waveform• High data rate•Based on COTS solutions•Implemented on SDR platform

EU Frame Programme 6 & 7 projectsTopics for example:•Increasing the ECCM properties of Galileo/GPS•Increasing the PA efficiency•Waveform descpriptionmethods for SDR platforms

Sensor networks for military and security applications•Use cases for both applications•Novel air interface solutions•Efficient MAC and routing algorithms•Novel positioning of the air borne sensornetworks•Demonstration of developed methods by using developer kits (by Sensinode)‏

Activities of CWC in the field of military and special communications



Tutkimuksen arviointia• Based on the International Research Assessment of the University

of Oulu during 2007 the Assessment Panel provided the Telecom Laboratory/CWC:– Overall ranking as numerical rating 6/7 (Excellent) (in scale 1-7).

– The top performing senior staff deserves the rating 7/7 (Outstanding, Exceptionally Good).

– Research Active Staff (RAS) 57,3; average 2001-2006

• Huom! Tekniikan alan tutkimuksen kokonaisarviointi tehtiin ensimmäistä kertaa Suomessa.

• Oulun yliopisto on sijoittunut 08/2008 julkaistussa yliopistojenShanghain-rankingissa maailman 500 parhaan yliopiston joukkoon. – Suomalaisista yliopistoista Oulun ja Turun yliopistot ovat toiseksi parhaat

sijoitusluokassa 303–401.

– Paras on Helsingin yliopisto sijalla 68.

– Luokassa 402-503 olivat Jyväskylän ja Kuopion yliopistot sekä Teknillinen korkeakoulu

• Japanin hallituksen teettämä tietoliikennealan arviointi IEEEn julkaisuista

– CWC globaalisessa kuuden kärkijoukossa



CWC:n merkitys kansallisesti/kansainvälisestiTOIMINNAN TULOKSIA

• CWC:lla oli merkittävä rooli mm. 3. sukupolven matkapuhelin-järjestelmien (UMTS-konsepti) tutkimuksessa 1990-luvulla ainoana suomalaisena yliopistoryhmänä osana merkittävää eurooppalaista konsortiota.

• CWC:n vahva panostus langattomien järjestelmien kokonaisvaltaiseen tutkimukseen (järjestelmätutkimukseen) on mahdollistanut myös sen, että CWC on kehittänyt perusratkaisut joihinkin puolustusvoimien joko operatiivisessa käytössä tai demonstrointivaiheessa oleviin järjestelmiin:– Ilmapuolustuksen taktinen radiojärjestelmä hävittäjätorjunnan johtamiseen,

– Merivoimien uuden sukupolven taktinen radiojärjestelmä, sekä kansallinen, satelliiteista riippumaton radiopaikannusjärjestelmä kriisiajan käyttöön,

– Erittäin häirintäsietoinen ja tiedustelulta suojattu suuren datanopeuden radiolinkkikonsepti maavoimien ja erikoisjärjestelmien käyttöön,

– Adaptiivisten antennijärjestelmien hyödyntäminen taktisissa järjestelmissä– Ohjelmistoradiotekniikan soveltaminen taktisiin radiojärjestelmiin

– Research on BLOS/LOS data link solutions for Long Endurance Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (LE-UAV) with PATRIA led consortium

• CWC:n kokemuksia erilaisista yhteistoimintamalleista:– Tietoliikennejärjestelmän suunnittelumalli lähtien operatiivisteknisestä

vaatimusmäärittelystä tietoliikennejärjestelmän kuvaukseen (tekninen eritelmä)

– Yhteistyömalli ja –prosessi puolustusvoimien/tutkimuksen/yritysten välillätutkimuksesta, demonstraattoreiden kautta prototyyppiin ja sarjavalmistukseen

– Aaltomuodon kehitysprosessi ”spiral development”– Suurten tutkimushankkeiden koordinointi ja prime contractor-rooli ---- Alan KayAlan KayAlan KayAlan Kay

Yleistä CWC:n kognitivisten radioiden ja verkkojen tutkimuksesta

Professori Pentti Leppänen

MATINE/Aluevalvontajaosto ja MERIVTLTutkimusseminaari 29.10.2009 Espoo


seminaari, Espoo 28.10.2009 41

Cognitive Radio System

Pentti Leppänen, MATINE/Aluevalvonnan ja MERIVTL:n seminaari,

Espoo 28.10.2009 42

Background

• CWC has a proven track record on SDR & waveform research

– First Finnish entity to carry out basic research on SDRs ; started 1997

– Waveform specification for Finnish Defence Forces within the Finnish SDR demo programme

– Waveform implementation, testing and verification support for industry in Finnish SDR demo programme

– Support for European ESSOR SDR programme

– Partner in EDA WOLF programme

– Partner in EDA ETARE programme

• Flexible spectrum usage & CRN research since 2005

– CWC has established partnering network in Europe (CORASMA preparations etc.)

• CWC started to work on its own CRN demonstrator on 2008


Espoo 28.10.2009 43

CWC:n tutkimusaiheita kognitiivisissa radioissa ja verkoissa

• Peliteorian soveltaminen

• Opportunistinen spektrinkäyttö IMT-A:ssa

• Hajautettu radioresurssienhallinta

• Käyttäjien yhteistyö verkkojen hallinnassa, jne.

• Ad-Hoc-reititysprokollat

• Mobile Networks & Broadcasting Co-existing (QosMos)


Espoo 28.10.2009 44

CWC:n varttuneet kongitiivisten verkkojen ja radioiden osaajat

• Professoreita:

– 3 professoria + 1 nimitysvaiheessa oleva professuuri

• Post-doc-tutkijat:

– 4 tohtoria

• Projektitutkijoita:

– ~20 tutkijaa, ~150 htkk

• Kv-yhteistyö:

– EU:n puiteohjelmien kautta

– USA; Rice Univ, Virginia Tech, Univ. of Maryland USA

– Japani; YNU, NICT, Osaka Univ


Espoo 28.10.2009 45

Cognitive Radio and Networks activities in CWC

Ongoing efforts at CWC

• Cognac – basic cognitive networking research issues

– Cognitive and opportunistic wireless communication networks

– 3-year startegic research project in collaboration with VTT

• EULER – Public Safety Communications

– European Software Defined radio for wireless in joint security operations

– Waveform demonstrations in SDR platforms by 2011

– CWC contributes to cognitive aspects in network configuration and frequency allocation issues

• Panu – Future civilian commercial networking

• QosMOS – QoS and Mobility in cognitive radio systems

• Winner+ – Research and innovations in IMT-Advanced

• Cognitive networking with WARP platforms

3.11.2009 CWC | Centre For Wireless Communications 45


Espoo 28.10.2009 46

Cognac - research issues

• Sensing of spectrum white spaces

– Cooperative sensing

• Channel access in multichannel/heterogeneous environment

• Cooperative resource sharing

– Game theory applied

• Implementation issues: How can the cognitive cycle be realized in real networks and in single radios?


00

Portable

ObserveDetect non occupied bandwidth

Detect interference

...

Learn & DecideAssess opportunities

Change frequency band

Change protocol

Adapt modulation/coding

Change RATAdapt

Reconfiguration

Air Interface switching

...

DSA

Etiquettes

Regulation

Security

Health constraints

Extra system info

Localization

...

Sensing

External policies

and others

Cognitive Manager

Reconfigurable HW/

SW platform

Decision


Espoo 28.10.2009 47

EULER – Mobile Broadband for PSC

• Euler provides wireless networking capabilities for security andresque personnel

• Autonomousnetworkconfigurationandmaintenanceat the siteis one keyrequirement.



Espoo 28.10.2009 48

PANU - Packet Access Networks with Flexible Spectrum

Use

• Research focus areas– Efficient and flexible spectrum sharing between multiple radio networks or network operators

– Radio resource management and radio link control in wireless broadband packet access networks

– Novel network topologies (e.g., distributed antenna MIMO concept, direct device-to-device, fixed&mobile relays, mesh/ad hoc topologies, femtocells) for local connectivity

– Development and implementation of MAC protocols for opportunistic wireless multihop networks

– Cross-layer/layerless design and optimization

⇒ PANU is targeting IMT-Advanced and beyond 4G systems



Espoo 28.10.2009 49

PANU – Examples of network topologies


IPv6 Radio Access

Network

Direct device-to-device communications

Distributed antenna

MIMO concept

Ad-hoc multihop extension

via relay node

relay node

Relays for improved coverage/capacity

A

B A -> B

Inter-operator interaction

Wireless mesh

router backbone

Wireless mesh clients

Basic cellular

Overlapping macro- and

femto-cells


Espoo 28.10.2009 50

QoSMos - Quality of Service and MObility

driven cognitive radio Systems• QoSMOS will research and develop the tools and techniques that allow

opportunistic use of radio spectrum where users are moving, while receiving a managed Quality of Service (QoS).

• CWC contributes to– Mobility and

QoS, and Cognitive Spectrum Manager

– Radio Environment Mapping and Sensing

– System Architecture

– Dissemination and

Exploitation



Espoo 28.10.2009 51

WINNER+ - Objectives

• Research, system integration and evaluation of innovations in areas with high potential of exploitation in IMT-Advanced

• Harmonisation of innovations in the pre-standardisation phase

• Contribution to standard organisations of technology elements suitable to IMT-Advanced

• Joint European input to IMT-Advanced process, evaluation and technology

– Utilisation of strong ITU-R Channel by using the WINNER brand

– Evaluation and demonstration of selected key technologies



Espoo 28.10.2009 52

WINNER+ - Flexible Radio Interface



Espoo 28.10.2009 53

SDR & Cognitive Radio Network Demonstrations in CWC

• The Wireless open Access Research Platform (WARP platform)

• Building blocks for CRN in tactical environment

• CWC’s Cognitive Radio Network demonstrator


Espoo 28.10.2009 54

Wireless open Access Research Platform (WARP)

• WARPis a initiative by RICE university

• Open community platform

– User groups are encouraged to share their development work

• Extensively Programmable wireless platform (PHY/MAC/NET)

– The RF parts are the only fixed ones, all the rest is programmable

• Tangible wireless experience for researchers

• Extended utility to build multihop Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET)and Cognitive Radio Networking

– With CWC’s software architechture WARP platform is a true SDR platform (not SCA compliant)


Espoo 28.10.2009 55

• 2.4 & 5 GHz ISM band

• 40 MHz sampling BW

• Capable of 400 hops/shop rate

• SISO & MIMO configs

• Virtex II Pro FPGA

• Wireless, Eth, USB, RS232

• Unit price ~10 000 USD

• CWC has 8 SISO and 3 MIMO platforms


Espoo 28.10.2009 56

Building Blocks for Tactical CRN• TDMA MAC with distributed scheduling for MANET

(DTDMA)– Previously CWC has implemented a distributed FH

synchronization method for multi-hop MANET– CWC has also implemented its first version of TDMA

MAC with distributed scheduling• Built upon previous work done on FH synch• TDMA setup with zero configuration• Automatic time slot reuse within the network• Automatic re-scheduling on case of collisions (because of for example mobility)

• Enables late-entry and network merging– V2 of the MAC will implement various QoS

mechanisms, for example distributed multi-slot on demand (DMSOD) mechanism

– Currently we are using reference PHY for testing purposes (OFDM PHY with 64 sub carriers)• The MAC design is not PHY dependant

– DTDMA MAC demo won the Mobicom 2009 WINTECH demo contest• Two-way live video conferencing over multihop MANET network

• In the demo OLSR proactive MANET routing protocol was used

• Demo network topology could be altered on the fly


Espoo 28.10.2009 57

Building Blocks for Tactical CRN(2)

• Spectrum sensing

– Needed for congnitive radio networking, has also interest on S&D area on other purposes

– LAD algorithm implemented

– Fits in the FPGA with reference PHY design• Implemented as a separate design; more easier integration into future projects

• Handles 20 MHz at the time

• Adaptive physical layer– Implemented

– Modification of reference PHY

– Center frequency and bandwidth can be tuned on the fly

• BW: 500 kHz, 1 MHz, 5 MHz and 10 MHz

– Not an ideal solution but adaptive enough for us to demonstrate our ideas on opportunistic and cognitive radio networking


Espoo 28.10.2009 58

LE-WARP (Linux Enriched WARP)• Virtex II has 2 PowerPC cores which

are hardcoded ie. the gates can not be utilised otherways

• PPC0 runs full-flavor Linux w/ all the necessary system daemons (syslog, telnet, etc.), a full IPv4 TCP/IP stack, std ethernet driver and a proprietary MAC-eth-driver which makes the WARP MAC running on the PPC1 look like a standard WLAN interface

– Freely available MANET routing protocols for Linux (OLSR, AODV, there might be others too) can be run on the Linux and they can utilise the WARP air interface regardless of the WARP MAC or WARP PHY design!

– => We can develop NET, MAC and PHY layers independently and test and demonstrate whatever combinations we want to!

• Also a proprietary MAC control interface has been developed, which enables the control of the NET from MAC

Application on PC using TCP/IP stack

Application on PC using TCP/IP stack

Ethernet driver & Ethernet interface of the PC

Ethernet driver & Ethernet interface of the PC

Eth cable

ADC/DACRF

ADC/DACRF

PC

PHY

NET

MAC

Linux

OS

Standalone

OS

• The Linux OS has full TCP/IP stack

• Number of readily available routing

rotocols

can be tested, currently we are using OLSR

• Layers can be developed independently


Espoo 28.10.2009 59

� Opportunistic and cognitive radio network demonstrator implemented on WARP platform

� CRN MANET

� Integrates all the previous WARP work in the same framework

� A new opportunistic MAC protocol utilising spectrum sensing is implemeted, ready 30.11.2009

� Combination of TDMA and random access + opportunistic traffic channel by link basis

� Our OLSR modification enables Radio Environment Information (REI) exchange in efficient way across the network� Can be used for example to optimize routing within the network

CWC’s Cognitive Radio Network Demonstrator

Spectrum

sensing

Adaptive PHY

Opportunistic MAC

RFAD/DA

Network

layer

Currently LAD algrorithm

Cognitive

engine

One-way commTwo-way comm

Modified WARP reference

design

w/ 10, 5 and 2.5 MHz

bandwidths

Center frequency can be

choosed freely

Cluster 4Cluster 4

Cluster 2Cluster 2

Cluster 3Cluster 3

Cluster 1 Cluster 1

Spectrum occupancyincreases


Espoo 28.10.2009 60

Next Versions of the CWC’s CRN Demonstrator Will Include

• Co-operative spectrum sensing

• Spectrum occupancy history data base usage

• Local autonomous managers of CRN which will be elected based on nodes capabilities

• SW architecture enabling optimization of power usage of node


Espoo 28.10.2009 61

CWC:n julkaisuaktiviteeja 2005-2009

• General Issues on Cognitive Radio and Networks– 14 journal & conference papers

• Adcanced Spectrum Sensing Techniques– 17 journal & conference papers– 2 Diploma thesis– 1 Doctoral thesis

• Adcanced Resource Management Issues– 25 journal & conference papers

• Flexible Spectrum Use and other Adaptation Issues– 13 journal & conference papers

• Harware and Implementation Issues– 10 journal & conference papers

• Myönnettyjä patentteja– 4 – 5


Espoo 28.10.2009 62

Valmistuneita tai valmistumassa olevia diplomitöitä tai väitöskirjoja

• Viimeaikoina valmistuneita diplomitöitä:– Kognitiivinen MAC– Kognitiivinen ECMA-UWB (MB-OFDM)– Spektrin white space estimointi (mitattu ja tehty)– Hajautettu RRM kognitiivisissa verkoissa

• Väitöksiä syksyllä 2009:– “Intelligent Medium Access Control for the Future Wireless Networks”• Kognitiivinen MAC

– “Spectrum Sharing for Future Mobile Cellular Systems”• Flexible Spectrum Use & Game Theory

• Väitöskirjoja työn alla (valmistuvat 2010-11):– 3 opportunistinen spektrin käyttö– 2 peliteorian soveltaminen kognitiivisiin järjestelmiin– 1 kognitiiviset järjestelmät

cwc –research area activities€¦ · aj/lpd/lpi • simultaneous data link and secure aj voice...

Documents