Current Issues & Future

Week 13

Scope of discussion

• Impact of Islam & Asian Civilizations• Globalisation (Views & Theory)• Impact (Consumerism, Politics, Economics,

Media & Social)• Clash of Civilizations (refer Huntington &

Fukuyama) -11 Sept 2001 Tragedy (WTC)• Civilizations Dialogue (UN)

Impact of Islam & Asian Civilizations

• Islamic philosophy & guidance• History of great Islamic empire.• Malay World Civilization• India Civilization• China Civilization

Globalisation (Views)

Globalisation Theory

World System Theory

Interdependency Theory

Dependency Theory

Cycle of Poverty Theory

Impact -Consumerism• McDonalization, Levi’s Strauss, Apple Imac &

Iphones.• Amazon.com, E-bay, Googles & Yahoo.• Facebook.com• Hegemony vs Counter Hegemony –refer

Antonio Gramsci.• Burger Kings, Starbucks, KFC, Dunhill, Versace,

DKNY, Bentling, Rolex, Swatch etc.

Impact - Politics• Anarchy –world• Berlin Wall crack in 1987 & USSR (communist

block) has failed in Cold War.• Dominations of democracy blocks (hegemony)

–United States of America after Cold War 1990

• Economic Sanctions –Iran & Far East country.• Security Council –USA dominant.• Rise of civil society & civic society.

Impact - Economics• International Monetary Fund (IMF), World

Bank , World Trade Organisation (WTO) & G8• European Union (EU)• Rise of capitalism –become more dominant &

power.• Rise of MNCs• ‘Invisible Hand’ was take over government

priority in state economy.

Impact - Media• CNN, BBC & Al-Jazeera become more

dominant as reliable medium to spread the informations.

• CNN & BBC as a weapon for US to deconstruction Far East images.

• Orientalism –refer Edward Said & John Esposito.

• Al-Jazeera as a medium for occidentalism to spread a reality event in Far East conflict.

Impact - Social• Mental distortion –refer Paolo Pereira

(Pedagogy of the Oppressed)• Social constructionism –refer Vivien Burr • Western Culture embedded –refer Frantz

Fanon (Black Skin, White Mask)• Social interactive web –Facebook, Skype,

Yahoo Massenger, Tweets & Sweet IM.• Cross-cultural distortions

Impact – Islamization • Islamophobia –Islam become a big threat to

the entire world.• Threat to Islamic value; - politic (secularization & post-modernism) - law (erosion of public confidence on

Islamic Judiciary –dominant of common law & Civil Law)

- economic (Conventional vs Islamic Finance) - social (erosion of religious identity & rise of

stereotype of bad images of Islam)

Clash of Civilization (Huntington) • Main ideas – clash within civilizations especially

Islamic Civilization.• Assumptions of Huntington; - Clash of culture-society - Civilization develop a culture identity –

universalism culture conflict. - Difference of cultural identity –rise of clash &

conflict.• Event –war on terrorism after WTC accident.

Fukuyama (The End of History) • World become homogen (same) from

ideology & ideas –liberalism & Western Democracy.

• Fukayama’s idea –spread of power of ideology after Cold War 1990.

• Dwipolar power become unipolar power –democracy & capitalism (US leads)

• Event ; crack of USSR in 1990 & liberalise economy in China & Russia.

Civilization Dialogue (UN) • Ideas CD by Mohammad Khatami -UN• Purposes – to decrease a prejudice sentiment,

discrimination in civilization relations. • Goals; - world society must know the complexity of

cross-cultural conflict. - unity in all value & worldview in civilizational

aspect. - fight a Western dominations.