cso sustainability: ethiopia. 1. legal environment overall score 6.6 usaid score 5.6 –...
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![Page 1: CSO Sustainability: Ethiopia. 1. Legal Environment Overall Score 6.6 USAID Score 5.6 – Registration law favorable to CSOs? 7.0 No! Very restrictive Charities](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022072006/56649cf95503460f949cb2a4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
CSO Sustainability: Ethiopia
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1. Legal Environment• Overall Score 6.6 USAID Score 5.6
– Registration law favorable to CSOs? 7.0• No! Very restrictive Charities and Societies Act (CSA)
– CSA law: no unwarranted state control? 7.0• Govt regulation close, closure threat real
– Administrative impediments/harassment? 7.0• Free expression tightly limited by authoritarian rule
– Local legal capacity? 6.0• Capacity exists but limited and subject to official harassment
– Favorable tax status? ??• Pay VAT or equivalent, contributions deductible?
– Earned income opportunities? 6.0• No govt contracts, limited to mission as gov’t defines it
– Overall: Authoritarian environment underlying tight CSA restrictions and controls intensifies negative effects on CSO sustainability
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2.Organizational Capacity• Overall Score 6.2 USAID Score 6.5
– Constituency Building 6.0• Do CSOs actively build constituencies?
– Very limited—function less of capacity and commitment than authoritarian environment, incidence of econ. development
– Strategic Planning 6.0• CSOs adhere to clearly defined missions, strategic plans?
– CSA requirement used to constrain, not empower CSOs– CSA financial, operational restrictions further impedes
– Internal Management Structure 7.0• Clearly defined, operational management structure?
– Generally not, oppressiveness of CSA operational and financial restraints more responsible than lack of commitment or capacity
– CSO Staffing 6.0• Reliance on paid staff? Recruitment of volunteers?
– Paid staff more than volunteers, missing “culture of volunteerism” attributable largely to CSA restrictiveness and authoritarian climate
– Technical Advance 6.0• Modern office equipment?
– Generally, but incidence of economic development an important factor, CSA limits on operational costs
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3. Financial Viability• Overall Score 6.6 USAID Score 6.1
– Local Support 7.0• CSOs draw on volunteers, local funding?
– Most depend on a single source—incidence of economic CSA constraints on fundraising, authoritarian climate hurts
– Diversification 7.0• Diverse sources of funding?
– Same as above– Financial Management Systems 5.0
• Sound management? Transparency? Published Reports?– Generally sound management, few reports, transparency hard to gauge CSA operational limits, authoritarian climate may inhibit publications
– Fundraising 7.0• Loyal financial supporters? Outreach? Philanthropy development?
– Local financial constituencies limited fof CSA operating constraints, incidence of economic development, authoritarian environment inhibit building public profiles
– Earned Income 7.0• Revenues from services, products, rents, assets?
– CSA limits on fundraising, can’t fundraise if foreign funding used
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4. Advocacy• Overall Score 6.8 USAID Score 6.1
– Cooperation with governments 7.0• Lines of communication?
– Largely adversarial except where in support of govt policy– Policy advocacy initiatives 7.0
• Advocacy coalition campaigns?– CSA and authoritarian climate all but preclude
– Lobby efforts 7.0• Mechanisms and relationships for lobbying
– Same as above– Local legal reform advocacy 6.0
• CSO awareness/efforts to promote favorable legal reforms– CSA constraints, authoritarian climate all but preclude, though awareness of its merits within CSO community likely significant
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5.Service Provision• Overall Score 5.7 USAID Score 4.9
– Range of goods and services 5.5• diverse range of goods/services across sectors
– Yes but heavily constrained in democracy, justice, rights governance, and conflict resolution areas
– Community responsiveness 5.0• services provided meet constituent needs?
– Yes, subject to credit accounts of gov’t politicization– Constituencies and clienteles 6.0
• goods and services beyond own constituents– CSA tight restrictions obstruct that very objective
– Cost recovery 6.0• cost recovery?
– Generally not, incidence of lack of economic on constituents a serious constraint to doing so. Government recognition/support
– Government recognition and support 6.0• Government recognition, support and grants?
– in 2010-2015 development yes but badly undercut by CSA constraints and climate of authoritarian rule
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6.Infrastructure• Overall score 6.4 USAID Score 5.5
– Intermediate support organizations(ISOs) 7.0• ISOs to meet the needs of CSOs?
– blocked from grantmaking to local organizations, foreign funding for ISOs blocked, can’t run programs
– Local grant-making organizations 7.0• grant making?
– same as above – CSO coalitions 6.0
• coalitions share information, promote common interests?– CSA restrictions effectively block their functions though several try
– Training 6.0• training programs available?
– very few– Intersectoral partnerships 6.0
• partnerships with businesses, governments, awareness of advantages?– only possible to extent ISOs, CSOs support government activities
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7. Public Image• Overall Score 6.8 USAID Score 5.1
– Media coverage 7.0• Media provide positive coverage?
– Tight media control/harassment preclude this– Public Perception of CSOs 7.0
• Positive public perception of CSOs?– authoritarian environment prohibits formation of a
distinct formation and identification of a “public”– Government/business perception of CSOs 7.0
• Business /government positive perception of CSOs?– no business support of CSOs, positive gov’t perception in 2010-2015 perception undercut by letter/spirit of CSA law,authoritarian environ.
– Public relations 7.0• Public relations activities, positive media coverage?
– out of the question given the above– Self-regulation 6. 0
• CSOs have codes of ethics, try to demonstrate transparent operations?– intent probably there, authoritarian atmosphere runs counter and inhibits such initiatives
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Summary
Overall Score USAID ScoreLegal Environment 6.6 5.6Organizational capacity 6.2 6.5Financial viability 6.6 6.1Advocacy 6.8 6.1Service provision 5.7 4.9Infrastructure 6.4 5.5Public Image 6.8 5.1Total 6.4 5.6