csc 134 - chapter 1
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foundation of law's slideTRANSCRIPT
FundamentalsFourth Edition
Discovering Computers 2009FundamentalsFourth Edition
Chapter 1 Introduction
toComputers
Chapter 1 Objectives
Recognize the importance of computer literacy
Recognize the importance of computer literacy
Identify the components ofa computer
Identify the components ofa computer
Discuss the uses of the Internet and World Wide Web
Discuss the uses of the Internet and World Wide Web
Identify the categories of softwareIdentify the categories of software
Describe the categories of computersDescribe the categories of computers
Identify the types of computer users
Identify the types of computer users
Discuss various computer applications in society
Discuss various computer applications in society
Next
A World of Computers
What is computer literacy?
p. 2 - 3 Fig. 1-1 Next
Knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses
Computers are everywhere
How is a computer defined?
What Is a Computer?
p. 3
Produces and stores results
Next
Electronic device operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory
Processes data into informationinformation
Data that is organized, meaningful, and useful
Accepts datadataRaw facts, figures, and symbols
Storage Communications
Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers
p. 5
What are the advantages of using computers?
Speed Reliability
Next
Consistency
Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers
p. 5
What are the disadvantages of using computers?
Next
Impact onLabor Force
Violation ofPrivacy
Health Risks
Public Safety
Impact onEnvironment
What Is a Computer?
What is the information processing cycle?
p. 4 - 5 Fig. 1-2 Next
Input Process Output Storage Communication
The Components of a Computer
What is an input device?
p. 6 Fig. 1-3
Hardware used to enter dataand instructions
Next
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Input Devices below Chapter 1
The Components of a Computer
What is an output device?
p. 6 - 7 Fig. 1-3
Hardware that conveys information to one or morepeople
Next
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Output Devices below Chapter 1
The Components of a Computer
What is the system unit?
p. 6 - 7 Fig. 1-3 Next
Case containingelectroniccomponents of the computer that are used to process data
The Components of a Computer
What are two main components on the motherboard?
p. 7
ProcessorProcessorAlso called a Central Processing Unit (CPU)
The electronic component that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer
Next
MemoryMemoryConsists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by those instructions
The Components of a Computer
What is storage?
p. 7
Storage mediaStorage mediaPhysical material on which data, instructions, and information are stored
Storage mediaStorage mediaPhysical material on which data, instructions, and information are stored
Storage deviceStorage deviceRecords and retrieves items to and from a storage medium
Storage deviceStorage deviceRecords and retrieves items to and from a storage medium
Next
Holds data, instructions, and information for future use
The Components of a Computer
What is storage media?
p. 7 Next
USB Flash Drives
Memory Cards DVDs
CDs
Hard Disks
Retrieves(reads)
items from storagemedia
Retrieves(reads)
items from storagemedia
Records (writes)items to storage
media
Records (writes)items to storage
media
The Components of a Computer
What is a storage device?
p. 7 Next
Often functionas a source
of input
Often functionas a source
of input
The Components of a Computer
What is a USB flash drive?
p. 7 Next
Portable storage device Small and lightweight enough to be transported on a keychain or in a pocketThe average USB flash drivecan hold about 500 millioncharacters
Portable storage device Small and lightweight enough to be transported on a keychain or in a pocketThe average USB flash drivecan hold about 500 millioncharacters
The Components of a Computer
What is a hard disk?
p. 7 Fig. 1-4 Next
Provides greater storage capacity than a USB flash drive
Most are housed inside of the system unit
The Components of a Computer
What is a compact disc?
p. 7 Fig. 1-5 Next
Flat, round, portable metal disc CD-ROM DVD-ROM
The Components of a Computer
What is a communications device?
Nextp. 8
Hardware component that enables a computer to
send and receive data, instructions, and information
Hardware component that enables a computer to
send and receive data, instructions, and information
Occurs over cables, telephonelines, cellular radio networks,
satellites, and other transmission media
Occurs over cables, telephonelines, cellular radio networks,
satellites, and other transmission media
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Communications Devices below Chapter 1
Used to shareUsed to share
Networks and the Internet
A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together
p. 8
ResourcesResources
Hardware devices
Hardware devices
Software programs
Software programs
DataData To save time and
money
To save time and
money
InformationInformation
Next
Networks and the Internet
What is the Internet?
p. 8 Fig. 1-6 Next
Worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Internetbelow Chapter 1
Networks and the Internet
p. 9 Fig. 1-7
Why do users access the Internet?
2. Information
3. Shopping
4. Banking and Investing
5. Classes
6. Entertainment
Next
1. Communications
7. Download Music
8. Share Information
Networks and the Internet
What is the Web?
p. 10
A Web site is a collection of
related Web pages
A Web site is a collection of
related Web pages
A Web page contains text, graphics, audio, video, and links to other Web pages
A Web page contains text, graphics, audio, video, and links to other Web pages
You can share information on a socialnetworking Web site
You can share information on a socialnetworking Web site
Next
Billions of documents, called Web pages, available to anyone connected to the Internet
A blog consists of time-stamped articles in
a journal format
A blog consists of time-stamped articles in
a journal format
A podcast is recorded audio
stored on a Web sitethat can be
downloaded
A podcast is recorded audio
stored on a Web sitethat can be
downloaded
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Social Networking Web Site below Chapter 1
Consists of a seriesof instructions thattells the computer
what to do andhow to do it
Consists of a seriesof instructions thattells the computer
what to do andhow to do it
Computer Software
What is software?
p. 10 Next
Also called aprogram
Also called aprogram
Computer Software
What is a graphical user interface (GUI)?
p. 10 Fig. 1-8 Next
Allows you to interact with the software using graphics and visual images such as icons
Controls how you enter data and instructions and how the screen displays information
Computer Software
What is system software?
p. 10 - 11
Operating System (OS)Operating System (OS)is a set of programs that coordinates all activities among computer hardware devices
Operating System (OS)Operating System (OS)is a set of programs that coordinates all activities among computer hardware devices
Utility ProgramsUtility Programs allow the user to perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices or its programs
Utility ProgramsUtility Programs allow the user to perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices or its programs
Next
Programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices
Computer Software
What is application software?
p. 11 Fig. 1-9 Next
Presentation Graphics
Spreadsheet
Database
Word Processing
Programs designed to make users more productive
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Application Software below Chapter 1
Computer Software
What is a programmer?
p. 12 Fig. 1-11 Next
Someone who developsapplication or system software Programmer writes
the instructions todirect the computer toprocess data intoinformation
Categories of Computers
p. 13 Next
What are the categories of computers?Personal Computers
(desktop)
Mobile Computers andMobile Devices
Game Consoles
Servers
Mainframes
Supercomputers
Embedded Computers
Personal Computers
What are the two most popular series of personal computers?
p. 14 Figs. 1-13–1-14 Next
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 1, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Personal Computers below Chapter 1
Apple Macintosh usually uses the Macintosh operating system (Mac OS X)
PC and compatibles use the Windows operating system
Personal Computers
What is a desktop computer?
p. 14 Fig. 1-13 Next
Designed so all of the components fit on or under a desk or table
Mobile Computers and Mobile DevicesWhat is a notebook computer?
p. 14 - 15 Fig. 1-15 Next
Portable, small enough to fit on your lap
Also called a laptop computer
Generally more expensive than desktop computers with equal capabilities
Mobile Computers and Mobile DevicesWhat is a Tablet PC?
p. 15 Fig. 1-16 Next
Especially useful for taking notes
Resembles a letter-sized slate Allows you to write on the
screen using a digital pen
Mobile Computers and Mobile DevicesWhat is a handheld computer?
p. 15 Next
Sometimes referred to Sometimes referred to as an as an ultra-personal ultra-personal
computer (uPC)computer (uPC), or an , or an Ultra-Mobile PC Ultra-Mobile PC
(UMPC)(UMPC), or a , or a handtop handtop computercomputer
Small Small enough to fit enough to fit
in one in one handhand
Mobile Computers and Mobile DevicesWhat is a personal digital assistant (PDA)?
p. 15 Fig. 1-17 Next
Provides personal organizer functions Calendar Appointment book Address book Calculator Notepad
Mobile Computers and Mobile DevicesWhat are smart phones?
p. 16 Figs. 1-18 Next
A smart phone isan Internet-enabled
telephone that usuallyprovides PDA capabilities
Game Consoles
What are game consoles?
p. 16 Fig. 1-19 Next
Mobile computing device designed for single-player or multiplayer video games
Servers
What types of servers are there?
p. 16 - 17 Figs. 1-20–1-22
Mainframe Very powerful, expensive computer that supports thousands of connected users
Supercomputer The fastest, most powerful, most expensive computer. Used for applications requiring complex mathematical calculations
Next
A server controls access to network resources and provides centralized storage
Embedded Computers
What is an embedded computer? A special-purpose computer that functions as a
component in a larger product
p. 17 - 18 Fig. 1-23 Next
Examples of Computer Usage
What software is available for a home user? Personal Finance Management Web access Communications Entertainment
p. 18 - 19 Fig. 1-24 Next
Examples of Computer Usage
p. 20 Fig. 1-25
Productivity software
Specialty software
Web usage E-mail
Next
What software is available for a small office/home office (SOHO) user?
Hardware Notebook computers Tablet PCs Internet-enabled PDAs Smart phone
Examples of Computer Usage
What is available for a mobile user?
p. 20 - 21 Fig. 1-26
Software Word processing Spreadsheet Presentation graphics
software
Next
Examples of Computer Usage
What are the needs of a power user?
p. 21 Fig. 1-27 Next
Extremely fast processors Types of power users
Engineers Scientists Architects Desktop publishers Graphic artists
Examples of Computer Usage
What are the needs of the large business user?
p. 21 - 22 Figs. 1-28–1-29 Next
Payroll Inventory E-commerce Desktop
publishing
Computer Applications in SocietyWhat are some examples of computer applications in society?
p. 22-25 Figs. 1-30–1-37 Next
Education Finance Government Health Care Science Publishing Travel Manufacturing
Summary of Introduction to Computers
The computer and its componentsThe computer and its components
What is a network?What is a network?
The InternetThe Internet
Types of softwareTypes of software
Categories of computersCategories of computers
Types of computer usersTypes of computer users
Computer applications in societyComputer applications in society
Chapter 1 Complete