crossways house (c) richard hawker aa talk (presented to architecture part 1 year 2 lsbu students)

8/8/2019 Crossways House (c) Richard Hawker AA Talk (Presented to Architecture Part 1 Year 2 LSBU Students)

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Airtight construction = 0.72m3/(hr.m2)@50pa

Passive Solar design Heat recovery ventilation

PassivHaus levels of insulation

Triple Glazing (U-value 0.7 inc. frame)

No conventional heating

On-site heat & electricity generation

On-site waste water treatment

Rainwater harvesting system

Incorporates various local and waste materials

Monitoring with Cambridge University for ongoing research

sitting lightly on the Earth


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site strategy

contextual design

use local materials

maximise solar potential

exploit great views

minimise visual impact

during day and night

enhance ecological diversity

VIEWS

north

Summer sunrise

Winter sunriseWinter sunset

Summer sunset


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a sense of place

hiding within the landscape

using a palette of local materials


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a sense of place

hiding within the landscape

using a palette of local materials


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form


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the plan

support spaces on the north side

minimise north side windows

lots of south facing glazing

maximise passive solar heating


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south = open


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north = closed


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passive solar shading

Vault overhangs shade glazing in

Summer, reducing solar gain

Low Winter sun maximises solar gain

when most needed

Vault overhangs also protect

timber frame, increasing life of the

building


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living under a shell


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living under a shell


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tradition & innovation

less than 4 road miles


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timbrel vault design

very little material doing a big job

no formwork = quick & economical

clay tiles can be made anywhere

strength ideal for heavy living roofs10mm thick !


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take 1 wet Jay clothsprinkle with plasterand load test


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Uses local material

Reinforces sense of place

Supports local craft

Benefits local community

Efficient use of material

No waste

No formwork structure

Timber guides recycled to

form internal studwork

And it looks amazing too


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vaulted staircase


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vaulted staircase


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vaulted staircase


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vaulted staircase


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3 men and a month . . .

0


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0 1


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0 1 3

3 d th


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0 1 3 4

3 d th


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0 1 3 4 5

3 d th


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0 1 3 4 5 9

3 d th


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0 1 3 4 5 9 23

3 men and a month


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0 1 3 4 5 9 23 26

3 men and a month


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0 1 3 4 5 9 23 26 31

engineered timber frame


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Lightweight

Fast to erect

Sustainably sourced timber

Very little material used

Low embodied energy

Very strong

Good insulating properties

Good acoustic properties

Between beams filled with insulation

engineered timber frame

waste not want not


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'ecosand' made from crushed glass bottles

waste not want not

polythene wrapping creates the most waste !

using polystyrene offcuts

insulation from recycled newspaper

keeping heat in


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keeping heat in

Vacuum panel insulation

10 times better than polystyrene

Used in the entrance doorsLetter box & cat flap not allowed !

300mm thick recycled newspaper

insulation pumped into wall & roof

cavities to provide airtight,breathable high levels of insulation

350mm Graphite impregnated

polystyrene

under & round ground slab

enabling slab to act as thermalmass inside the building

Keeping heat in


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Keeping heat in

Argon filled triple glazed units withlow e coatings to control solar gain

and insulated spacer bars to

minimise cold bridging

Units fixed within triple airtight sealed

PU insulated sustainably sourcedtimber window frames

Aluminium faced externally for

prolonged life

NO trickle vents !

Keeping heat in


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Keeping heat in

Thermal imaging


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Thermal imaging

Heat loss at door threshold

Cause: Cold bridge at slab edge

Thermal imaging


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e a ag g

Heat loss at base of vault

Cause: Cold bridge through

concrete edge beam

Thermal imaging


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g g

Heat loss through vault upstand

Cause: Cold bridge through vault

Thermal imaging


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g g

Heat loss at window threshold

Cause: Cold bridge at slab edge

passive heat control


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Dupont EnergainTM paraffin waxthermal mass board

5mm thick fitted like plasterboard

equivalent to 50mm thick concrete

Stores heat as latent heat

Reduces peak temperatures by 7oC

Suited to lightweight timber structures

no mechanical cooling system



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p

The local clay tile vault is a vast

thermal mass. The ground floor slab

also provides thermal mass.

Together they are a vast heat sink,absorbing heat during the day &

releasing it at night.

Building stays cool in summer & warm

in winter.

a healthy place to live


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y p

Lots of daylight

Views connecting with nature

Lots of fresh air (dust & pollen filtered)

Relative Humidity regulated

Stable internal temperature

No carpet = less dust & allergens

Natural finishes citrus oil paints

Avoiding 'off-gassing' materials

optimum Relative Humidity for health


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Bacteria

Viruses

Fungi

Dust mites

Rhinitis / Asthma

Resp. infections

Chemical Interact

Ozone production

a breath of fresh air


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Mechanical Ventilation Heat Recovery

Fundamental in Passive building design

91% efficient heat transfer

Heat recovery unit running at 35w

4 times the quantity of fresh air thanrequired by building regulations

Negates the (stupid) requirement for

trickle ventilation

Use with airtight construction

No open fires, no letter box or cat flap !

a bit more heating . . .


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A 4KW heat register passes stored

thermal energy into fine radiator fins

in the MVHR supply air duct to add

extra heat to the heat recovered

fresh air.

The thermal energy feeding it comes

from stored solar energy in the Phase

Change Material thermal store

harnessing solar energy


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The sun beams down 10,000 timesmore energy than we use . . .

. . . time we started using it



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Basic types of solar panels;

1. Photovoltaic generate electricity

2. Solar thermal generate heat



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Problem;

Photovoltaic cells reduce in

efficiency when it gets hot

So when it's sunny they don'twork very well !



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Solution;

Cool the PV cells to get more electricity

Harness the extracted solar thermal energyIntroducing PV-T (Photovoltaic Thermal)

electricity monitoring


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Family of 4 livingwith us for 3 weeks

PV-T switched on

The average 3 bed house uses 13kwh of electricity per day and 57kwh ofgas per day. Total = 70kwh of energy per day (info. from BERR energy trends Dec 2007)

Average 3-bed house

Christmas !

Shortest

dayLongest

day

storing solar thermal energy


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Problem;

Water is not great at storing

heat.

Solution;

Phase Change Materials(PCMs) can store much more

heat in a given volume using

latent heat.

e.g.

Paraffin wax = 4 x water

Thermal salts = 7 x water

when the sun doesn't shine


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11kw biomass boiler linked to PCM

store

85% of energy charges PCM store

15% is radiant which is circulated

round the house through the MVHR

Minimum burn period is 1 hour to

ensure high efficiency when used

Biomass use


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Average 3-bed house

The average 3 bed house uses 57kwh of gas per day.(info. from BERR energy trends Dec 2007)

Zero Carbon is now dened as 46kwh/m2/annum for heating & hot water

Crossway has used 23kwh/m2/annum for heating & hot water

Fuel type CO2 emissions


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CO2 emissions


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Average 3-bed house generates 19.6kgCO2 / day

Average CO2 emissions from a 3 bed house = 7,150 kgCO2/annum(info. from BERR energy trends Dec 2007)

Crossways total CO2 emissions = 217 kgCO2/annum

Crossway average = 0.6 kgCO2 / day

solar thermal monitoring


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solar thermal monitoring


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mains water monitoring


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Code 6 Zero carbon level = 80 LPPPD

hose watering

new plantedbeds

Average water consumption is 143 litres per person per day

(info. from DEFRA)

1 person in

house

1 person in

house

Laying paving

in carport

Guests staying

for 2 weeks at

Christmas

Integrated complimentary systems


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One body, many parts . . .

The body is a unit, though it is made

up of many parts; and though all its

parts are many, they form one body

. . . the head cannot say to the feet,

"I don't need you!" . . . if one part

suffers, every part suffers with it . . . 1 Corinthians 12

Household fuel prices since 1990


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Relati

vefuelcosts%

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

Year

Petrol & diesel fuel prices since 1999


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sustainability . . .


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the

industrialrevolution

Meeting the needs of the present without compromising

the ability of future generations to meet their own needs


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the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

crossways house (c) richard hawker aa talk (presented to architecture part 1 year 2 lsbu students)

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