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CRITICAL THINKING

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Page 1: Critical thinking

CRITICAL THINKING

Page 2: Critical thinking

Why think critically?

Many frustrations are caused by problems with thinking

Developing thinking skills is very rewarding in study and in life generally

Page 3: Critical thinking

The aims of higher education

Taking a critical stance towards assumptions

Tackling issues systematically Checking alternative interpretations An understanding of abstract

concepts- Adapted from Entwistle (1994) in Open University (2012) Learning Space

...all of which are types of critical thinking

Page 4: Critical thinking

Different kinds of thought R

EM

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BER

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DECIDINGASS

ESSIN

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Page 5: Critical thinking

“Levels” of thinking

Not all types of thinking are the same

E.g., daydreaming is different from

calculating

Academia values some more than others

“Levels” of thinking based on learning

Page 6: Critical thinking

Bloom’s taxonomyBen Bloom identified six levels of learning that need to be completed before a learner can fully understand a subject:

Adapted from Bloom (1956) in Open University (2012) Learning Space

Page 7: Critical thinking

How it works

Level Explanation Keywords

Knowledge Able to remember or recite information Define, list

Comprehension Able to interpret or understand the meaning of a subject

Explain. describe

Application Able to use the information to solve a problem or apply the information to a different situation

Demonstrate, illustrate

Analysis Able to separate the information to understand the structure

Compare, contrast

Synthesis Able to combine information to produce a new idea or view point

Create, design

Evaluation Able to assess the value of the information learned

Justify, recommend

The table below provides more information about the different levels and the keywords that you may find used in your assignments.

Page 8: Critical thinking

Critical thinking tips

Don’t take everything at face value Consider whether any assumptions

have been made Base your argument on your own

experience, as well as on what you have read or been told

Analyse rather than describe Back up your argument with

examples

Page 9: Critical thinking

Any Questions?For more information on please speak to a member of the Study Centres staff team.

Study Skills for Higher Education moodle site

Reference:The Open University (2012) Extending and developing your thinking skills. http://openlearn.open.ac.uk (Accessed 14/3/2012)


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