critical and creative thinking becoming an active learner chapter 4
TRANSCRIPT
Critical and Creative Thinking
Becoming an Active Learner
Chapter 4
Carter, Bishop, and Kravits Copyright 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc.Keys to Success in College, Career, and Life All rights reserved.How to Achieve Your Goals, Fourth Edition
What is critical thinking?
Critical thinking means going beyond the basic recall of information
Critical thinking is asking questions
Critical thinking is finding that which is important
Page 113
Carter, Bishop, and Kravits Copyright 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc.Keys to Success in College, Career, and Life All rights reserved.How to Achieve Your Goals, Fourth Edition
Carter, Bishop, and Kravits Copyright 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc.Keys to Success in College, Career, and Life All rights reserved.How to Achieve Your Goals, Fourth Edition
Page 113
Carter, Bishop, and Kravits Copyright 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc.Keys to Success in College, Career, and Life All rights reserved.How to Achieve Your Goals, Fourth Edition
How does critical thinking help you solve problems and make decisions?
Problem solving– Brainstorming
Don’t evaluate or criticize an idea right away Focus on quantity; don’t worry about quality until later Let yourself play Use analogy Don’t fear failure
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Carter, Bishop, and Kravits Copyright 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc.Keys to Success in College, Career, and Life All rights reserved.How to Achieve Your Goals, Fourth Edition
How does critical thinking help you solve problems and make decisions?
The problem-solving process1. Identify the problem
accurately2. Analyze the problem3. Brainstorm possible
solutions4. Explore each solution
5. Choose and implement the solution you decide is best
6. Evaluate the solution that you acted on
7. Refine the solution
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Carter, Bishop, and Kravits Copyright 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc.Keys to Success in College, Career, and Life All rights reserved.How to Achieve Your Goals, Fourth Edition
Carter, Bishop, and Kravits Copyright 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc.Keys to Success in College, Career, and Life All rights reserved.How to Achieve Your Goals, Fourth Edition
How does critical thinking help you solve problems and make decisions?
Decision making1. Identify a goal
2. Establish needs
3. Name, investigate, and evaluate available options
4. Decide on a plan and take action
5. Evaluate the result
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Carter, Bishop, and Kravits Copyright 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc.Keys to Success in College, Career, and Life All rights reserved.How to Achieve Your Goals, Fourth Edition
How do you reason?
Facts and opinions– Characteristics of facts
Statements that deal with actual people, places, objects, and events
Statements that use concrete words or measurable statistics
– Characteristics of opinions Statements that show
evaluation Statements that predict
future events Statements that use
abstract words Statements that use
emotional words Statements that use
absolutes
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Carter, Bishop, and Kravits Copyright 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc.Keys to Success in College, Career, and Life All rights reserved.How to Achieve Your Goals, Fourth Edition
How do you reason?
To investigate truth and accuracy, ask:– What facts or examples provide evidence of truth?– Is there another fact that disproves this statement or
information, or shows it to be an opinion?– How reliable are the sources of information?– What about this statement is similar to or different
from other information I consider to be fact?– Are these truly the causes and effects?
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Carter, Bishop, and Kravits Copyright 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc.Keys to Success in College, Career, and Life All rights reserved.How to Achieve Your Goals, Fourth Edition
How can you open your mind to new perspectives?
Perspective: The big-picture point of view, incorporating values, interests, and knowledge, that guides your thoughts and actions
How to evaluate perspective– Take in new information– Evaluate the perspective– Accept – and perhaps adopt
Page 131
Carter, Bishop, and Kravits Copyright 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc.Keys to Success in College, Career, and Life All rights reserved.How to Achieve Your Goals, Fourth Edition
How can you open your mind to new perspectives?
To identify and evaluate assumptions, ask:– What is the source?– What effects can this have?– When is this valid or invalid?– What harm could result?
The value of seeing other perspectives– Improved communication– Mutual respect– Continued learning
Page 131
Carter, Bishop, and Kravits Copyright 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc.Keys to Success in College, Career, and Life All rights reserved.How to Achieve Your Goals, Fourth Edition
Why plan strategically?
Strategy and critical thinking
– Establish a goal– Brainstorm possible plans– Anticipate as many
possible effects of each plan as possible
– Put your plan into action– Evaluate continually
Benefits of strategic planning
– Keeping up with technology
– Successful goal setting– School and work success
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Carter, Bishop, and Kravits Copyright 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc.Keys to Success in College, Career, and Life All rights reserved.How to Achieve Your Goals, Fourth Edition
Carter, Bishop, and Kravits Copyright 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc.Keys to Success in College, Career, and Life All rights reserved.How to Achieve Your Goals, Fourth Edition
Carter, Bishop, and Kravits Copyright 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc.Keys to Success in College, Career, and Life All rights reserved.How to Achieve Your Goals, Fourth Edition Presentation by Wing Lee and Benjamin Li